JP7595350B2 - Architecture - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to buildings, and in particular to buildings that can suppress partial deformation of the upper ends of piles.

Conventionally, there are buildings that place energy-absorbing steel materials made of metal between the piles and the superstructure supported by the piles, and when the horizontal forces of earthquakes or wind act on the building, the bending moment acting on the heads of the piles is reduced by deforming the energy-absorbing steel materials (Patent Document 1).

JP 2003-49438 A (paragraphs 0012 to 0017 and FIG. 1, etc.)

However, in the conventional buildings described above, the energy absorbing steel is formed to be thinner than the outer diameter of the pile. Therefore, when the horizontal force of an earthquake or wind acts on the building, the force transmitted to the pile via the energy absorbing steel is concentrated on a part of the top end of the pile to which the energy absorbing steel is connected. This causes the problem of partial deformation of the steel plate at the top end of the pile.

The present invention was made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a building that can prevent partial deformation of the upper end of the pile.

In order to achieve this object, the building of the present invention comprises piles and a superstructure supported by the piles, an intermediate plate disposed between the superstructure and the piles, energy absorbing steel material disposed between the intermediate plate and the superstructure, and connection means disposed between the intermediate plate and the piles, the energy absorbing steel material having a lower horizontal bending rigidity than the piles and connection means and connected to the superstructure and the intermediate plate, the connection means comprising a cylindrical portion having an outer diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pile and connected to the intermediate plate and the pile , and a reinforcing portion connected to the inner peripheral surface of the same diameter portion and disposed at a position away from the connection portion between the same diameter portion and the pile towards the intermediate plate, the reinforcing portion being composed of a plurality of plate members and disposed with one side end face of the plate members facing towards the intermediate plate, the one side of the plurality of plate members being connected to the intermediate plate, and at least a portion of the one side end face being disposed in a position overlapping the connection portion between the energy absorbing steel material and the intermediate plate when viewed in the axial direction of the pile .

According to the building of claim 1, the connection means comprises a cylindrical part having an outer diameter substantially equal to that of the pile, connected to the intermediate plate and the pile, and a reinforcing part connected to the inner peripheral surface of the part and disposed at a position away from the connection part between the part and the pile, the reinforcing part is made of a plurality of plate members, and disposed with one side end face of the plate members facing the intermediate plate, the plate members have one side connected to the intermediate plate, and at least a part of the side end face of the one side is disposed at a position overlapping the connection part between the energy absorbing steel material and the intermediate plate when viewed in the axial direction of the pile, so that at least a part of the connection part between the connection means ( reinforcing part) and the intermediate plate is disposed at a position closer to the connection part between the energy absorbing steel material and the intermediate plate when viewed in the axial direction of the pile, relative to the connection part between the connection means (reinforcing part) and the pile . Therefore , the connection part on the pile side of the connection means ( reinforcing part ) can be disposed at a position radially away from the axis of the pile than the connection part on the intermediate plate side of the connection means (reinforcing part). Therefore, the connection area between the connection means and the pile can be made larger than when the energy absorbing steel material is connected to the pile. Therefore, when the horizontal force of an earthquake or wind acts on the building, the area over which the upper end of the pile receives the force from the connection means can be made larger than when the energy absorbing steel material is connected to the pile. As a result, it is possible to prevent the force transmitted through the connection means from concentrating on a portion of the upper end of the pile, and to prevent the upper end of the pile from partially deforming.

In addition, since the constant diameter portion is formed in a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pile, the connection area between the connection means (constant diameter portion) disposed at the upper end of the pile and the pile can be maximized. Therefore, when horizontal forces of earthquakes or wind act on the building, the area where the upper end side of the pile receives force from the connection means (constant diameter portion) can be maximized. As a result, it is possible to prevent the force transmitted through the connection means from concentrating on a part of the upper end side of the pile, and to prevent partial deformation of the upper end side of the pile.

According to the building described in claim 1 , one side of each of the plate members is connected to the intermediate plate, and at least a part of the side end face of the one side is arranged at a position overlapping the connection part between the energy absorbing steel material and the intermediate plate when viewed in the axial direction of the pile, so that the horizontal distance from the connection part between the connection means (reinforcement part) and the intermediate plate to the connection part between the energy absorbing steel material and the intermediate plate can be minimized. Therefore, the horizontal distance from the position (force point) where a vertical force acts on the intermediate plate to the position (fulcrum) where the intermediate plate is connected to the connection means (reinforcement part) can be minimized. As a result, the vertical bending moment acting on the intermediate plate can be suppressed from increasing, and the intermediate plate can be suppressed from bending.

According to the building of claim 1, since the constant diameter portion and the reinforcing portion are connected to the intermediate plate, the intermediate plate can be supported by the constant diameter portion on the horizontal outer side of the energy absorbing steel material. Therefore, even if the position of the energy absorbing steel material is shifted horizontally with respect to the axis of the pile, the intermediate plate can be prevented from bending due to the vertical force acting on the intermediate plate due to the deformation of the energy absorbing steel material .

According to the building described in claim 1, the reinforcing portion is disposed at a position away from the connection portion between the same diameter portion and the pile toward the intermediate plate side, so that when the buried depth of the pile is shifted and the pile head is not disposed at a predetermined height, the height of the upper structure supported by the pile can be adjusted by cutting one axial side of the same diameter portion (the side where the reinforcing portion is not disposed). In addition, since the reinforcing portion is disposed at a position away from the connection portion between the same diameter portion and the pile toward the intermediate plate side, when the same diameter portion is cut, the part of the connection means other than the same diameter portion (the reinforcing portion) can be prevented from being cut. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the way in which the force transmitted through the connection means is transmitted from changing before and after the cutting of the connection means. As a result, it is possible to prevent the upper end side of the pile from being easily partially deformed after the cutting of the connection means.

According to the building of claim 2 , in addition to the effects of the building of claim 1 , at least a part of the side end face of the reinforcing part on one side is configured to have substantially the same shape and size as the energy absorbing steel material when viewed in the axial direction of the pile, so that even if the external shape of the connection means (same diameter part) differs from the external shape of the energy absorbing steel material, the reinforcing part can arrange the connection part between the connection means and the intermediate plate at a position overlapping the connection part between the energy absorbing steel material and the intermediate plate when viewed in the axial direction of the pile. This improves the degree of freedom in the external shape of the energy absorbing steel material, and improves the degree of freedom in design.

According to the building described in claim 3, in addition to the effects of the building described in claim 1 or 2, the reinforcing portion is configured by arranging a plurality of plate members in a lattice pattern crossing in perpendicular directions when viewed in the axial direction of the pile, thereby ensuring the strength of the reinforcing portion.

FIG. 1A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building in the first embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the building taken along line Ib-Ib in FIG. 13A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building according to a second embodiment, and FIG. 13B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building according to a third embodiment. 13A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building according to a fourth embodiment, and FIG. 13B is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building according to a fifth embodiment. 4A is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building in a sixth embodiment, and FIG. 4B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the building taken along line IVb-IVb in FIG. 4A.

Below, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, a building 10 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1. FIG. 1(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the building 10 according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 1(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the building 10 taken along line Ib-Ib in FIG. 1(a).

In addition, FIG. 1(a) shows a schematic cross section of the building 10 cut along the axis of the pile 20 when the building 10 is built on the ground. Also, in FIG. 1(b), the upper end surface 42 of the connection means 40 that is connected (welded) to the lower surface of the intermediate plate 50 is shown by a dashed line. Furthermore, in FIG. 1, the pile 20, the upper structure 30, the connection means 40, the intermediate plate 50, and the energy absorbing steel material 60, which will be described later, are each connected by welding, and a cross section including the weld marks formed at each connection is shown. Note that, in FIG. 2 to FIG. 4, cross sections including the weld marks are also shown, as in FIG. 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the building 10 in the first embodiment includes piles 20 buried at a predetermined depth in the ground, a superstructure 30 supported by the piles 20, a connection means 40 disposed on the top of the piles 20, an intermediate plate 50 disposed on the top of the connection means 40, and an energy absorbing steel material 60 disposed between the intermediate plate 50 and the superstructure 30.

The superstructure 30 is made up of multiple columns 31 and multiple beams 32 made from common steel such as metal H-shaped steel, square steel pipes, or round steel pipes, and is constructed by connecting multiple columns 31 arranged with their longitudinal direction facing up and down to multiple beams 32 arranged above the ground with their longitudinal direction facing horizontally.

The column 31 is divided vertically at the boundary between the portion where the beam 32 is connected and the portion where the beam 32 is not connected, and a diaphragm 33 made of a steel plate is disposed at the divided portion. The beam 32 is connected to the column 31 and the diaphragm 33. This makes it possible to suppress deformation of the column 31 when the horizontal force of an earthquake or wind acts on the building 10 and transmits the horizontal force from the beam 32 to the column 31.

In this embodiment, the diaphragm 33 is disposed in the divided portion of the column 31, but this is not necessarily limited to this. For example, the diaphragm 33 may be disposed inside the column 31 formed from a steel pipe, or the diaphragm 33 may be disposed along the outer surface of the column 31. Also, the beam 32 may be connected only to the outer surface of the column 31 without the diaphragm 33.

The pile 20 is formed from a prefabricated SC pile and is mainly composed of a pile body 21 that is buried to a specified depth in the ground, and a top plate 22 that is disposed at the end of the pile head side of the pile body 21. The pile body 21 comprises a metallic round steel pipe 23 formed into a cylindrical shape, and concrete 24 that is disposed to a specified thickness along the inner surface of the round steel pipe 23.

The connection means 40 is made of a steel pipe and is arranged with its axial direction aligned with the axial direction of the pile 20. The connection means 40 also includes an upper end surface 42 connected to the lower surface of the intermediate plate 50 described below, a lower end surface 43 connected to the upper surface of the top plate 22 of the pile 20, and an expanded diameter portion 41 that connects the upper end surface 42 and the lower end surface 43 and has an outer shape formed into a truncated cone and an internal space of a truncated cone whose radial dimension is one size smaller than the outer shape.

The connecting means 40 has an outer diameter of the upper end surface 42 made smaller than the outer diameter of the lower end surface 43 by the enlarged diameter portion 41, and has a substantially constant thickness from the upper end surface 42 to the lower end surface 43. Furthermore, before the connecting means 40 is connected to the intermediate plate 50 and the pile 20, the upper and lower ends of the connecting means 40 (enlarged diameter portion 41) have grooves for welding. The grooves at the upper and lower ends of the connecting means 40 are filled by welding, so that the upper end surface 42 connected to the intermediate plate 50 is formed at the upper end of the connecting means 40, and the lower end surface 43 connected to the pile 20 is formed at the lower end of the connecting means 40.

Furthermore, the lower end of the connection means 40 is formed with an outer diameter smaller than the outer diameter of the pile 20 before it is connected to the pile 20 (i.e., before the lower end surface 43 is formed by welding) so that the welded portion with the pile 20 is not damaged when force is transmitted from the connection means 40 to the pile 20. This ensures the thickness of the welded portion connecting the lower end of the connection means 40 to the upper end of the pile 20 (the dimension in the radial direction of the pile 20 (left-right direction in FIG. 1(a))), and prevents the welded portion between the connection means 40 and the pile 20 from being damaged.

After the connection means 40 is connected to the pile 20 and the lower end surface 43 is formed by welding, the outer diameter of the lower end surface 43 is set to be approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pile 20. The outer diameter of the lower end surface 43 of the connection means 40 is "approximately the same" as the outer diameter of the pile 20 means that the outer periphery of the lower end surface 43 is contained within a range of ±1% of the outer diameter of the pile 20. The term "approximately the same" in the following description has the same meaning.

The manufacturing method of the connection means 40 is to rotate a cylindrical steel pipe around its axis and press the outer circumferential surface from the outside to the inside in the radial direction to deform it into the outer shape of a truncated cone. The manufacturing method of the connection means 40 is not limited to this, and it may be formed, for example, by cutting out the inside and outside of a cylinder, or by fitting a cylindrical steel pipe into a truncated cone mold and pressing it with a press machine.

The intermediate plate 50 is a member for connecting the connection means 40 and the energy absorbing steel material 60, and is formed from a metal steel plate and arranged with a pair of flat surfaces parallel to the horizontal direction. The intermediate plate 50 is formed in a square shape when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20, and the length of the diagonal is set to be smaller than the diameter of the pile 20 and larger than the length of the diagonal of the energy absorbing steel material 60 described later. The lower end surface 62 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 described later is connected to the upper surface of the intermediate plate 50, and the upper end surface 42 of the connection means 40 is connected to the lower surface.

The energy absorbing steel material 60 is formed by combining four steel plates into the shape of a square steel pipe and connecting each adjacent steel plate. The energy absorbing steel material 60 is also arranged with the direction connecting the openings at both ends of the square steel pipe shaped structure aligned with the axial direction of the pile 20.

Before the energy absorbing steel material 60 is connected to the diaphragm 33 and the intermediate plate 50, the upper and lower ends of the energy absorbing steel material 60 have welding grooves. The upper and lower ends of the energy absorbing steel material 60 have their grooves filled by welding, so that an upper end surface 63 that is connected to the diaphragm 33 is formed at the upper end of the energy absorbing steel material 60, and a lower end surface 62 that is connected to the intermediate plate 50 is formed at the lower end of the energy absorbing steel material 60.

In addition, in the first embodiment, the energy absorbing steel material 60 is set such that the diagonal distance on the outer edge side of the lower end face 62 is set to be larger than the outer diameter of the upper end face 42 of the connection means 40 when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20, and the diagonal distance on the inner edge side of the lower end face 62 is set to be smaller than the inner diameter of the upper end face 42 of the connection means 40. As a result, the four corners of the lower end face 62 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 overlap with the upper end face 42 of the connection means 40 when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20.

In the first embodiment, the four corners of the energy absorbing steel material 60 overlap with the upper end surface 42 of the connection means 40 when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20. However, this is not necessarily limited to this. As long as the energy absorbing steel material 60 and the upper end surface 42 of the connection means 40 overlap at least partially via the intermediate plate 50 when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20, the outer diameter of the upper end surface 42 of the connection means 40 may be set to another value. In other words, the outer diameter of the upper end surface 42 of the connection means 40 can be changed between a size that makes the outer diameter of the upper end surface 42 of the connection means 40 approximately equal to the distance between the opposing surfaces of a pair of opposing iron plates of the energy absorbing steel material 60, and a size that makes the inner diameter of the upper end surface 42 of the connection means 40 approximately equal to the distance of the diagonal line on the outer edge side of the energy absorbing steel material 60.

Next, a method for constructing the building 10 will be described. In the first embodiment of the building 10, the piles 20 are first driven (buried) into the ground to a predetermined depth. Then, the connection means 40, with its upper end surface 42 connected to the intermediate plate 50, is disposed on the upper surface of the top plate 22 of the pile 20, and the lower end surface 43 of the connection means 40 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20.

When connecting the connection means 40 to the intermediate plate 50 and the pile 20, annular ring members (not shown) formed in an outer edge shape that follows the inner edges of the upper and lower ends of the connection means 40 are disposed on the inside of each connection between the connection means 40 and the intermediate plate 50 and the pile 20, respectively, and the connection means 40 is welded to the intermediate plate 50 and the pile 20 together with the ring members through the grooves formed on the upper and lower ends of the connection means 40.

In addition, when connecting the upper end of the connection means 40 to the lower surface of the intermediate plate 50, a circular ring member (not shown) formed with an inner edge shape that follows the outer edge of the upper end of the connection means 40 may be disposed on the outside of the connection between the connection means 40 and the intermediate plate 50, and the connection means 40 and the intermediate plate 50 may be welded together with the ring member through a groove formed on the inside of the connection means 40.

Next, energy absorbing steel material 60 is placed on the upper surface of the intermediate plate 50, and the upper surface of the intermediate plate 50 is connected to the lower end surface 62 of the energy absorbing steel material 60. At the same time, a diaphragm 33 is placed above the energy absorbing steel material 60, and the upper end surface 63 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 is connected to the lower surface of the diaphragm 33. After that, columns 31 and beams 32 are connected to the diaphragm 33, and the building 10 is constructed.

When connecting the energy absorbing steel material 60 to the intermediate plate 50 and the diaphragm 33, a square ring-shaped member (not shown) formed into an outer edge shape that follows the inner edge of the upper end of the energy absorbing steel material 60 is arranged inside each connection part, and the energy absorbing steel material 60 is welded to the intermediate plate 50 and the diaphragm 33 together with the square ring-shaped member through the grooves formed at the upper and lower ends of the energy absorbing steel material 60.

The construction method of the building 10 is not limited to the above construction method. For example, the connection means 40 may be connected to the pile 20 with not only the connection means 40 but also the energy absorbing steel material 60 and the diaphragm 33 connected to the intermediate plate 50.

When the building 10 is constructed as described above, the distance between the outer surfaces of the pair of opposing steel plates of the energy absorbing steel material 60 when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20 is smaller than the outer diameter of the pile 20, and the bending rigidity of the energy absorbing steel material 60 in the horizontal direction is smaller than the bending rigidity of the pile 20 in the horizontal direction.

This allows the energy absorbing steel material 60 to deform before the piles 20 when the horizontal forces of an earthquake or wind act on the building 10. As a result, when the horizontal forces of an earthquake or wind act on the building 10, the bending moment acting on the pile heads of the piles 20 can be reduced.

Here, in the case where the distance between the outer surfaces of the pair of opposing steel plates of the energy absorbing steel material 60 is smaller than the outer diameter of the pile 20 when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20 (i.e., the energy absorbing steel material 60 is formed thinner than the pile 20), when the lower end surface 62 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20, the connection area between the pile 20 and the energy absorbing steel material 60 (the area where the energy absorbing steel material 60 overlaps with the pile 20 when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20) becomes small. Therefore, when the horizontal force of an earthquake or wind acts on the building 10, the force transmitted from the energy absorbing steel material 60 to the pile 20 is concentrated on a part of the upper end of the pile 20 to which the energy absorbing steel material 60 is connected, and there is a risk that the top plate 22 of the pile 20 will be partially deformed.

In contrast, in this embodiment, a connection means 40 having an enlarged diameter portion 41 formed in the outer shape of a truncated cone is disposed below the energy absorbing steel material 60 via the intermediate plate 50. This allows the connection area between the pile 20 and the connection means 40 to be larger than when the lower end surface 62 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20. As a result, it is possible to prevent the force transmitted via the connection means 40 from concentrating on a portion of the top plate 22 of the pile 20, and to prevent partial deformation of the top plate 22 of the pile 20.

In addition, since the energy absorbing steel material 60 is disposed above the connection means 40 via the intermediate plate 50, partial deformation of the top plate 22 of the pile 20 can be suppressed by changing the shape and thickness of the connection means 40 connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20, and there is no need to change the shape and thickness of the energy absorbing steel material 60 to suppress partial deformation of the top plate 22 of the pile 20. Therefore, the horizontal bending rigidity of the energy absorbing steel material 60 can be easily made smaller than the horizontal bending rigidity of the pile 20 and the connection means 40. As a result, when the horizontal force of an earthquake or wind acts on a building, the energy absorbing steel material 60 can be deformed to easily reduce the bending moment applied to the pile head.

Furthermore, as described above, the energy absorbing steel material 60 is formed by combining four iron plates, so the outer dimensions and height dimensions of the energy absorbing steel material 60 can be changed by changing the plate thickness and width dimensions of each of the four iron plates.

That is, when the energy absorbing steel material 60 is formed from a prefabricated steel pipe, its outer shape and plate thickness are set to the values of the prefabricated product, but since the energy absorbing steel material 60 of the first embodiment is formed by combining four steel plates, the outer dimensions and height dimensions of the energy absorbing steel material 60 can be easily changed. Therefore, the bending rigidity of the energy absorbing steel material 60 can be set to a value required for design. As a result, when the horizontal force of an earthquake or wind acts on the building 10, the energy absorbing steel material 60 can be prevented from plastic deformation or buckling, and the energy absorbing steel material 60 can be elastically deformed to reduce the bending moment applied to the pile head of the pile 20.

In addition, in the building 10 of the first embodiment, the energy absorbing steel material 60 is disposed above the connection means 40 via the intermediate plate 50, so when the horizontal force of an earthquake or wind acts on the building 10, a vertical force acts on the intermediate plate 50 from the energy absorbing steel material 60. This may cause a new problem of the intermediate plate 50 bending in the vertical direction.

In contrast, in the building 10 of the first embodiment, the connection means 40 has an enlarged portion 41 formed in the outer shape of a truncated cone, and when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20, the connection between the upper end surface 42 of the connection means 40 and the lower surface of the intermediate plate 50 at least partially overlaps with the connection between the lower end surface 62 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 and the upper surface of the intermediate plate 50, so that the horizontal distance from the connection between the upper end surface 42 of the connection means 40 and the lower surface of the intermediate plate 50 to the connection between the lower end surface 62 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 and the upper surface of the intermediate plate 50 can be minimized.

This makes it possible to minimize the horizontal distance from the position where the vertical force acts on the intermediate plate 50 via the energy absorbing steel material 60 to the position where the intermediate plate 50 is connected to the connection means 40. As a result, it is possible to prevent the vertical bending moment acting on the intermediate plate 50 via the energy absorbing steel material 60 from becoming too large, and to prevent the intermediate plate 50 from bending.

In addition, in the building 10 in the first embodiment, the connection means 40 has an expanded diameter section 41 formed into a truncated cone shape, so that when a vertical force acts on the connection means 40 due to the horizontal force of an earthquake or wind acting on the building 10, the vertical force can be dispersed horizontally by the expanded diameter section 41. Therefore, the vertical force acting on the top plate 22 of the pile 20 via the connection means 40 can be weakened by the amount that the vertical force is dispersed horizontally. As a result, it is easier to suppress the top plate 22 of the pile 20 from deforming in the vertical direction.

Furthermore, the lower end surface 43 of the enlarged portion 41 is set to an outer diameter that is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pile 20, so that the connection area between the lower end surface of the connection means 40 arranged on the top plate 22 of the pile 20 and the top plate 22 of the pile 20 can be maximized.

Therefore, compared to when the lower end surface 62 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20, when the horizontal force of an earthquake or wind acts on the building 10, the area over which the top plate 22 of the pile 20 receives force from the connection means 40 can be made larger. As a result, it is possible to prevent the force transmitted via the connection means 40 from concentrating on a portion of the top plate 22 of the pile 20, and to prevent partial deformation of the top plate 22 of the pile 20.

In addition, in the building 10 of the first embodiment, the connection means 40 has an expanded diameter portion 41 formed into a truncated cone shape, so that the connection means 40 can be arranged on the pile 20 without having to arrange a separate steel plate on the upper surface of the top plate 22 of the pile 20 formed from a prefabricated pile.

In other words, prefabricated SC piles and PHC piles are generally formed by using centrifugal force to remove any air bubbles remaining in the concrete, compact the concrete, and remove excess water from the concrete. For this reason, prefabricated piles are formed in a hollow shape.

Therefore, when the energy absorbing steel material 60 is connected to the pile 20, it is difficult to secure an area for connecting the energy absorbing steel material 60 to the pile 20 due to the cylindrical space formed at the axis of the pile 20. Therefore, in this case, it is necessary to arrange another iron plate on the upper surface of the top plate 22 and connect the connection means 40 to that iron plate, which creates the problem that the construction work for the building 10 becomes complicated by the amount of another iron plate that must be arranged.

In contrast, in the building 10 of the first embodiment, the connection means 40 has an expanded diameter portion 41 formed into a truncated cone shape, so that even if the pile 20 is formed from a prefabricated pile and a cylindrical space is formed in the shaft core, the lower end surface 43 of the connection means 40 can be connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20. As a result, construction work for the building 10 can be simplified.

In addition, since the connection means 40 has an expanded diameter section 41 formed into a truncated cone shape, when a force acts on the connection means 40 due to horizontal forces of earthquakes or wind acting on the building 10, the force can be prevented from concentrating on a part of the connection means 40.

For example, if two types of cylindrical steel pipes with different outer diameters are arranged side by side in the axial direction and the two types of steel pipes are connected by a circular plate member that expands in the radial direction to form a connection means, when force is applied to the connection means, the force is concentrated at the connection between the two types of steel pipes and the plate member that connects the two types of steel pipes. This makes the connection means more susceptible to damage.

In contrast, the expanded diameter portion 41 expands from the intermediate plate 50 toward the pile 20, so that when a force acts on the connection means 40, the force is prevented from concentrating on a portion of the connection means 40. As a result, damage to the connection means 40 can be prevented.

Next, referring to FIG. 2(a), a description will be given of a building 210 in a second embodiment. In the above first embodiment, the lower end surface 43 of the enlarged diameter portion 41 of the connection means 40 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20. In the second embodiment, the lower end surface 244a of the same diameter portion 244 of the connection means 240 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20. Note that the same parts as those in the above first embodiment are given the same reference numerals and their description will be omitted.

Figure 2(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 210 in the second embodiment. Note that Figure 2(a) shows a schematic cross-section at a position corresponding to the cross-section of the building 10 in the first embodiment shown in Figure 1(a).

As shown in FIG. 2(a), the building 210 in the second embodiment includes piles 20 buried at a predetermined depth in the ground, a superstructure 30 supported by the piles 20, a connection means 240 disposed on the top of the piles 20, an intermediate plate 50 formed from a steel plate and disposed on the top of the connection means 240, and an energy absorbing steel material 60 disposed between the intermediate plate 50 and the superstructure 30 (see FIG. 1(a)).

The connecting means 240 mainly comprises an expanded diameter section 41 formed from a steel pipe with a truncated cone shape whose upper end has a smaller outer diameter than its lower end, and a cylindrical equal diameter section 244 formed to have approximately the same outer diameter as the lower end of the expanded diameter section 41 and connected to the lower end of the expanded diameter section 41.

The constant diameter portion 244 is a portion that adjusts the installation height of the superstructure 30 (see FIG. 1(a)) supported by the pile 20, and is formed with an outer diameter that is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pile 20 and extends in the axial direction of the pile 20. The constant diameter portion 244 also has a lower end surface 244a that is connected to the upper surface of the top plate 22 of the pile 20, and an upper end surface 244b that is connected to the lower end surface 43 of the enlarged diameter portion 41.

Before the same diameter portion 244 is connected to the pile 20, the lower end of the same diameter portion 244 has a groove formed during welding. The groove at the lower end of the same diameter portion 244 is filled by welding, so that a lower end surface 244a that is connected to the pile 20 is formed at the lower end of the same diameter portion 244.

In the second embodiment, the connecting means 240 is formed as one member by connecting the lower end surface 43 of the enlarged diameter portion 41 and the upper end surface 244b of the uniform diameter portion 244. When connecting the enlarged diameter portion 41 to the uniform diameter portion 244, a circular ring member (not shown) formed in an outer edge shape along the inner edge of the lower end of the enlarged diameter portion 41 is arranged inside the connection portion between the enlarged diameter portion 41 and the uniform diameter portion 244, and the enlarged diameter portion 41 is welded to the uniform diameter portion 244 together with the ring member through a groove formed at the lower end of the enlarged diameter portion 41. In this case, the groove formed at the lower end of the enlarged diameter portion 41 is filled by welding, and a lower end surface 43 connected to the upper end surface 244b of the uniform diameter portion 244 is formed at the lower end of the enlarged diameter portion 41.

In the second embodiment, the connecting means 240 does not need to be one in which the enlarged diameter portion 41 and the same-diameter portion 244 are formed from different members. For example, the enlarged diameter portion 41 and the same-diameter portion 244 may be formed from the same member by reducing the outer diameter of one end of a cylindrical member cut to the combined axial length of the enlarged diameter portion 41 and the same-diameter portion 244.

Next, a method for constructing the building 210 in the second embodiment will be described. In the building 210 in the second embodiment, after the piles 20 are driven into the ground, the installation height of the pile heads of the piles 20 is measured, and the same-diameter portion 244 of the connection means 240 is cut according to the measured height.

Next, the connection means 240 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20 together with the intermediate plate 50 connected to the upper end surface 42 of the enlarged diameter portion 41. Note that the process of connecting the energy absorbing steel material 60 to the upper surface of the intermediate plate 50 and connecting the upper end surface 63 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 to the diaphragm 33 is the same as in the first embodiment, so a detailed explanation will be omitted.

The building 210 of the second embodiment constructed as described above has the same effects as the building 10 of the first embodiment, and in addition, the height of the upper structure 30 (see FIG. 1(a)) disposed above the connection means 240 can be adjusted by cutting the diameter portion 244.

In this case, if the lower end surface 43 of the enlarged diameter portion 41 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20 as in the first embodiment, the outer diameter of the lower end surface 43 of the enlarged diameter portion 41 changes when the enlarged diameter portion 41 is cut. Therefore, even if the axis of the enlarged diameter portion 41 can be arranged coaxially with the axis of the pile 20, the connection position of the lower end surface 43 of the connection means 40 to the pile 20 changes in the radial direction of the pile 20 depending on the amount of cutting of the connection means 40. Therefore, there is a problem that the force transmitted from the connection means 40 to each pile 20 differs due to the variation in the buried depth of the pile 20 in the ground, and the force is concentrated on some of the piles 20.

In contrast, in the building 210 of the second embodiment, the installation height of the superstructure 30 can be adjusted by cutting the uniform diameter portion 244, so that if the axis of the uniform diameter portion 244 is arranged coaxially with the axis of the pile 20, the connection position of the lower end surface 244a of the connection means 240 to the pile 20 can be made the same before and after the connection means 240 is cut. As a result, the force transmitted from the connection means 240 to each pile 20 can be made the same, and the concentration of force on some of the piles 20 can be suppressed.

Next, referring to FIG. 2(b), a building 310 in a third embodiment will be described. In the above first embodiment, the lower end surface 43 of the enlarged diameter portion 41 of the connection means 40 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20. In the third embodiment, the lower end surface 344a of the same diameter portion 344 of the connection means 340 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20. Note that the same parts as those in the above embodiments are given the same reference numerals and their description will be omitted.

Figure 2(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 310 in the third embodiment. Note that Figure 2(a) shows a schematic cross-section at a position corresponding to the cross-section of the building 10 in the first embodiment shown in Figure 1(a).

As shown in FIG. 2(b), the building 310 in the third embodiment includes piles 20 buried at a predetermined depth in the ground, a superstructure 30 supported by the piles 20, a connection means 340 disposed on the top of the piles 20, an intermediate plate 50 formed from a steel plate and disposed on the top of the connection means 340, and an energy absorbing steel material 60 disposed between the intermediate plate 50 and the superstructure 30 (see FIG. 1(a)).

The connecting means 340 mainly comprises an expanded diameter section 41 formed from a steel pipe with a truncated cone shape in which the outer diameter at the upper end is smaller than the outer diameter at the lower end, and a cylindrical section 344 with an inner diameter that fits at least a part of the lower end of the expanded diameter section 41.

The constant diameter portion 344 is a portion that adjusts the installation height of the superstructure 30 (see FIG. 1(a)) supported by the pile 20, and is formed with an outer diameter that is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pile 20, and is provided extending in the axial direction of the pile 20. The constant diameter portion 344 also has a lower end surface 344a that is connected to the upper surface of the top plate 22 of the pile 20, and an upper end surface 344b that is disposed on the intermediate plate 50 side beyond the lower end surface 43 of the enlarged diameter portion 41.

In addition, in the third embodiment, the connecting means 340 is formed such that the outer diameter of the lower end surface 43 of the enlarged diameter portion 41 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the same-diameter portion 344, and the lower end side of the enlarged diameter portion 41 can be inserted into the inside of the same-diameter portion 344 from the upper end side of the same-diameter portion 344. With the lower end side of the enlarged diameter portion 41 of the connecting means 340 inserted into the inside of the same-diameter portion 344, the outer peripheral surface of the lower end side of the enlarged diameter portion 41 is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the same-diameter portion 344 by welding. As a result, the enlarged diameter portion 41 and the same-diameter portion 344 are formed as an integrated member.

In the third embodiment, similar to the connection means 240 in the second embodiment, after the pile 20 is driven into the ground, the installation height of the pile head of the pile 20 is measured, and the lower end of the connection means 340 is cut according to the measured height, so that the installation height of the superstructure 30 (see FIG. 1(a)) installed above the connection means 340 can be adjusted.

This makes it possible to prevent the connection position of the lower end surface 344a of the connection means 340 relative to the piles 20 from shifting horizontally before and after the connection means 340 is cut. As a result, the force transmitted from the connection means 240 to each pile 20 can be made uniform, and the concentration of force on some of the piles 20 can be prevented.

In the third embodiment, the same-diameter portion 344 of the connection means 340 is cut to adjust the installation height of the upper structure 30 (see FIG. 1(a)) disposed above the connection means 340, but this is not necessarily limited to the above. For example, in the third embodiment, the lower end side of the expanded diameter portion 41 is inserted and disposed inside the same-diameter portion 344, so the installation height of the upper structure 30 (see FIG. 1(a)) disposed above the connection means 340 may be adjusted by adjusting the insertion position of the lower end side of the expanded diameter portion 41 relative to the same-diameter portion 344.

Next, referring to FIG. 3(a), a building 410 in a fourth embodiment will be described. In the above first embodiment, the lower end surface 43 of the enlarged diameter portion 41 of the connection means 40 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20. In the fourth embodiment, however, a case will be described in which the lower end surface 43 of the enlarged diameter portion 41 of the connection means 440 is connected to the pile body 421 of the pile 420. Note that the same parts as those in the above embodiments are given the same reference numerals and their description will be omitted.

Figure 3(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 410 in the fourth embodiment. Note that Figure 3(a) shows a schematic cross-section at a position corresponding to the cross-section of the building 10 in the first embodiment shown in Figure 1(a).

As shown in FIG. 3(a), the building 410 in the fourth embodiment includes piles 420 buried at a predetermined depth in the ground, a superstructure 30 supported by the piles 420, a connection means 440 disposed on the top of the piles 420, an intermediate plate 50 formed from a steel plate and disposed on the top of the connection means 440, and an energy absorbing steel material 60 disposed between the intermediate plate 50 and the superstructure 30 (see FIG. 1(a)).

The pile 420 is a steel pipe pile, and is formed from a round steel pipe pile body 421 that is buried to a specified depth in the ground.

The connecting means 440 mainly comprises an expanded diameter section 41 formed from a steel pipe with a truncated cone shape whose upper end has an outer diameter smaller than that of the lower end, and a restraining member 445 formed from a steel plate and fitted into the lower end side of the expanded diameter section 41.

In the fourth embodiment, the plate thickness from the inner circumferential surface to the outer circumferential surface of the connection means 440 before it is connected to the pile 420 is formed to be the same as the plate thickness from the inner circumferential surface to the outer circumferential surface of the pile body 421 of the pile 420. In this case, the outer diameter of the lower end of the connection means 440 before it is connected to the pile 420 is set to a size that ensures that the thickness of the welded portion connecting the lower end of the connection means 440 to the upper end of the pile 420 (the dimension in the radial direction of the pile 420 (left and right direction in FIG. 3(a))) is the same as the plate thickness from the inner circumferential surface to the outer circumferential surface of the connection means 440.

The restraining member 445 in the fourth embodiment is formed from a disk-shaped iron plate, and is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter portion 41 with the entire outer peripheral edge abutting against the inner peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter portion 41. The entire outer peripheral edge of the restraining member 445 does not have to be connected to the inner peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter portion 41, and the restraining member 445 may be connected to the inner peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter portion 41 intermittently in the circumferential direction of the enlarged diameter portion 41. In this case, it is preferable that the connection between the restraining member 445 and the enlarged diameter portion 41 is set evenly along the circumferential direction of the enlarged diameter portion 41.

When connecting the restraining member 445 to the inner peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter section 41, a ring member (not shown) formed in a circular shape with approximately the same outer shape as the outer shape of the restraining member 445 is disposed between the upper surface of the restraining member 445 and the enlarged diameter section 41, and the inner side of the enlarged diameter section 41 is formed into a truncated cone, so that the restraining member 445 and the enlarged diameter section 41 are welded together with the ring member through the gap formed between the outer peripheral surface of the restraining member 445 and the inner peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter section 41. In this case, the gap formed between the outer peripheral surface of the restraining member 445 and the inner peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter section 41 is filled by welding, and the outer peripheral surface of the restraining member 445 is shaped to fit the inner peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter section 41.

Here, in the building 410 in the fourth embodiment, the pile 420 is formed only from the pile body 421 of a steel pipe as described above. In addition, since the expanded diameter portion 41 is formed by expanding from the intermediate plate 50 toward the pile 420, when a force is applied to the expanded diameter portion 41 from above, a thrust force in the radial direction acts on the expanded diameter portion 41. Therefore, when the pile 420 is formed only from a steel pipe, there is a problem that the upper end side of the pile body 421 together with the expanded diameter portion 41 is partially deformed in the horizontal direction due to the thrust force acting on the expanded diameter portion 41.

If a steel plate is placed on the top of the pile body 421 to suppress horizontal deformation of the pile body 421, it will be necessary to place the steel plate on the top of the pile body 421 after burying the pile 420 in the ground, which creates the problem of increasing the number of work processes at the construction site of the building 10.

In contrast to these, in the fourth embodiment, a restraining member 445 is disposed on the enlarged diameter portion 41 of the connection means 440 that is connected to the upper end of the pile body 421, so that the horizontal deformation of the enlarged diameter portion 41 can be suppressed by the restraining member 445. As a result, it is not necessary to dispose a separate iron plate on the pile head of the pile body 421, and partial horizontal deformation of the upper end side of the pile body 421 to which the lower end surface 43 of the enlarged diameter portion 41 is connected can be suppressed.

In addition, since the restraining member 445 is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the enlarged diameter portion 41, the restraining member 445 is prevented from getting in the way when connecting the connecting means 440 to the pile 420. As a result, the workability when connecting the connecting means 440 to the pile 20 is prevented from being deteriorated.

The position of the restraining member 445 relative to the enlarged diameter portion 41 is preferably closer to the lower end than to the upper end of the enlarged diameter portion 41. This is because the restraining member 445 can more easily suppress horizontal deformation of the enlarged diameter portion 41 due to the thrust force acting on the enlarged diameter portion 41.

Next, referring to FIG. 3(b), a building 510 in the fifth embodiment will be described. In the building 10 in the first embodiment, the foundation of the superstructure 30 supported by the piles 20 is formed from columns 31 and beams 32. In contrast, in the building 510 in the fifth embodiment, the foundation of the superstructure 530 is formed from reinforced concrete. Note that the same parts as those in the above-mentioned embodiments are given the same reference numerals and their description will be omitted.

Figure 3(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 510 in the fifth embodiment. Note that Figure 3(b) shows a schematic cross-section at a position corresponding to the cross-section of the building 10 in the first embodiment shown in Figure 1(a).

As shown in FIG. 3(b), in the fifth embodiment, a building 510 includes piles 20 buried at a predetermined depth in the ground, a superstructure 530 supported by the piles 20, a connection means 40 disposed on the top of the piles 20, an intermediate plate 50 disposed on the top of the connection means 40, and an energy absorbing steel material 60 disposed between the intermediate plate 50 and the superstructure 530.

The superstructure 530 is mainly composed of an RC foundation 534 made of reinforced concrete, and a support member 535 that is disposed along the underside of the RC foundation 534 and to which the upper end surface 63 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 is connected. Above the RC foundation 534, columns 31 and beams 32 (see FIG. 1(a)) are connected to form the superstructure 530.

The support member 535 mainly comprises a support portion 535a formed from an iron plate and a number of embedded portions 535b (four in the fifth embodiment) formed from iron plates and connected to the upper surface of the support portion 535a.

The support portion 535a is a member to whose underside the upper end surface 63 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 is connected, and is disposed above the pile 20 along the underside of the RC foundation 534. By connecting the upper end surface 63 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 to the support portion 535a, the superstructure 530 is supported on the pile 20 via the energy absorbing steel material 60, the intermediate plate 50, and the connection means 40.

The embedded portion 535b is a member for connecting the support portion 535a and the RC foundation 534, and is disposed so as to protrude from the upper surface of the support portion 535a toward the RC foundation 534, and is disposed so as to be embedded in the reinforced concrete of the RC foundation 534.

The buried portion 535b may be semicircular in shape and may consist of a single piece, so long as it can connect the support portion 535a and the RC foundation 534. The buried portion 535b may be connected to the reinforcing bars of the RC foundation 534, and the concrete of the RC foundation 534 may be poured therein to improve the connection strength between the support member 535 and the RC foundation 534.

Next, referring to FIG. 4, a building 610 in the sixth embodiment will be described. In the building 10 in the first embodiment, the connection means 40 is described as being formed with an enlarged diameter portion 41 formed in the outer shape of a truncated cone. In the building 610 in the sixth embodiment, the connection means 640 does not include a steel pipe formed in the outer shape of a truncated cone, and is mainly composed of a cylindrical equal diameter portion 644. Note that the same parts as those in the above-mentioned embodiments are given the same reference numerals and their description will be omitted.

Figure 4(a) is a schematic cross-sectional view of a building 610 in the sixth embodiment, and Figure 4(b) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the building 610 taken along line IVb-IVb in Figure 4(a). Note that Figure 4(a) shows a schematic cross-section at a position corresponding to the cross-section of the building 10 in the first embodiment shown in Figure 1(a).

As shown in FIG. 4, the building 610 in the sixth embodiment includes piles 20 buried at a predetermined depth in the ground, a superstructure 630 supported by the piles 20, a connection means 640 disposed on the top of the piles 20, an intermediate plate 50 disposed on the top of the connection means 640, and an energy absorbing steel material 60 disposed between the intermediate plate 50 and the superstructure 30.

The superstructure 630 is made up of multiple columns 31 and multiple beams 32 made of common steel such as metal H-shaped steel, square steel pipes, or round steel pipes, and is constructed by connecting multiple columns 31 arranged with their longitudinal direction facing up and down to multiple beams 32 arranged above the ground with their longitudinal direction facing horizontally.

The column 31 is divided vertically at the boundary between the portion to which the beam 32 is connected and the portion to which the beam 32 is not connected, and a diaphragm 33 made of a steel plate is disposed at the divided portion. The beam 32 is connected to the column 31 and the diaphragm 33. The diaphragm 33 is disposed on the underside of the superstructure 630 and is connected to the upper end surface 63 of the energy absorbing steel material 60. A reinforcing member 636 is disposed on the upper surface of the diaphragm 33, and the reinforcing member 636 is housed inside the column 31 made of a square steel pipe.

The reinforcing member 636 is a member that prevents the diaphragm 33 from bending in the vertical direction due to the vertical force acting on the diaphragm 33 when the horizontal force of an earthquake or wind acts on the building 610 and is transmitted to the energy absorbing steel material 60 via the superstructure 630, and is disposed in a position that overlaps at least partially with the upper end surface of the energy absorbing steel material 60 when viewed in the axial direction of the pile.

The reinforcing member 636 in the sixth embodiment is formed by combining a pair of iron plates extending in one direction when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20 with a pair of iron plates extending in a direction perpendicular to the one direction, in a shape roughly resembling the letter "#" when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20, similar to the reinforcing member 645 of the connection means 640 described later.

The connection means 640 is formed in a cylindrical shape with an outer diameter approximately equal to the outer diameter of the pile 20, and mainly comprises a same-diameter portion 644 whose lower end surface 647 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20 and whose upper end surface 648 is connected to the intermediate plate 50, and a reinforcing member 645 connected to the inner peripheral surface of the same-diameter portion 644 on the intermediate plate 50 side.

The reinforcing member 645 comprises a pair of first iron plates 645a extending in one direction when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20, and a pair of second iron plates 645b extending in a direction perpendicular to the one direction, and the pair of first iron plates 645a and the pair of second iron plates 645b are combined to form an approximate "#" shape when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20.

The reinforcing member 645 is formed by splitting either one of a pair of first iron plates 645a or a pair of second iron plates 645b at their intersection, and one of the pair of split first iron plates 645a or pair of second iron plates 645b is arranged between and outside the opposing portions of the other of the pair of first iron plates 645a or pair of second iron plates 645b, and the intersections of the pair of first iron plates 645a and pair of second iron plates 645b are connected.

The distance between the outer side surfaces of the pair of first iron plates 645a in the opposing direction and the distance between the outer side surfaces of the pair of second iron plates 645b in the opposing direction are formed to be approximately the same as the distance between the outer side surfaces of the pair of opposing iron plates of the energy absorbing steel material 60, which is formed in the shape of a square steel pipe when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20. As a result, when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20, the square-shaped angular portion 645c formed by the intersection of the pair of first iron plates 645a and second iron plates 645b has approximately the same shape and size as the energy absorbing steel material 60. In this case, approximately the same means that the angular portion 645c is contained within an area within a range of ±1% of the energy absorbing steel material 60 when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20.

Furthermore, in the reinforcing member 645, both ends of a pair of first iron plates 645a extending in one direction when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20 and both ends of a pair of second iron plates 645b extending in the other direction are connected to the inner peripheral surface of the same diameter portion 644. In addition, the upper end surface 645d of the reinforcing member 645 is connected to the lower surface of the intermediate plate 50.

The reinforcing member 645 is formed so that its dimension in the axial direction of the pile 20 is shorter than that of the uniform diameter portion 644, and its upper end face 645d is disposed at approximately the same height as the upper end face 648 of the uniform diameter portion 644. This allows a predetermined space to be formed between the inner circumferential surface of the uniform diameter portion 644 on the pile 20 side. Note that approximately the same height means that the end face 645d and the upper end face 648 are disposed at a height that allows them to be connected to the underside of the intermediate plate 50 by welding.

According to the building 610 of the sixth embodiment formed as described above, similar to the building 10 of the first embodiment, the building 610 is provided with energy absorbing steel material 60 formed with less bending rigidity in the horizontal direction than the piles 20, so that when the horizontal force of an earthquake or wind acts on the building 10, the energy absorbing steel material 60 can be deformed before the piles 20. As a result, when the horizontal force of an earthquake or wind acts on the building 10, the bending moment acting on the pile head of the piles 20 can be reduced.

In addition, a connection means 640 having a reinforcing member 645 is disposed below the energy absorbing steel material 60 via the intermediate plate 50. This allows the connection area between the pile 20 and the connection means 640 to be larger than when the lower end surface 62 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20. As a result, it is possible to prevent the force transmitted via the connection means 640 from concentrating on a portion of the top plate 22 of the pile 20, and to prevent partial deformation of the top plate 22 of the pile 20.

Furthermore, in the building 610 of the sixth embodiment, the square portion 645c of the reinforcing member 645 is formed to have substantially the same shape and size as the energy absorbing steel material 60 when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20, and is connected to the underside of the intermediate plate 50. Therefore, even if the outer shape of the same diameter portion 644 differs from the outer shape of the energy absorbing steel material 60, the reinforcing member 645 allows the connection portion between the connection means 640 and the intermediate plate 50 to be positioned so as to overlap the connection portion between the energy absorbing steel material 60 and the intermediate plate 50 when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20. This improves the degree of freedom in the outer shape of the energy absorbing steel material 60, and improves the degree of freedom in design.

In addition, in the sixth embodiment, the connection means 640 has the inner surfaces of the same diameter portion 644 facing the pile 20, so that if the buried depth of the pile 20 is misaligned and the pile head is not positioned at the specified height, the pile 20 side of the same diameter portion 644 can be cut to adjust the placement height of the superstructure 630 supported by the pile 20.

In addition, since at least the inner surfaces on the pile 20 side face each other, the reinforcing member 645 of the connection means 640 can be prevented from being cut when the uniform diameter portion 644 is cut. This prevents the way in which the force is transmitted through the connection means 640 from changing before and after the uniform diameter portion 644 is cut. As a result, it is possible to prevent the top plate 22 of the pile 20 from being easily partially deformed after the uniform diameter portion 644 is cut.

Furthermore, since the upper end surface 648 of the uniform diameter portion 644 is connected to the lower surface of the intermediate plate 50, the uniform diameter portion 644 can support the intermediate plate 50 on the horizontal outer side of the energy absorbing steel material 60. Therefore, even if the installation position of the energy absorbing steel material 60 shifts horizontally relative to the axis of the pile 20, the intermediate plate 50 can be prevented from bending due to the vertical force acting on the intermediate plate 50 as the energy absorbing steel material 60 deforms.

The present invention has been described above based on the above embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and it can be easily imagined that various modifications and improvements are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

In the above first to sixth embodiments, the connection portions of the connection means 40, 240, 340, 440, 640 with the intermediate plate 50 are described as overlapping at least partially with the energy absorbing steel material 60 when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20, 420, but the connection portions of the connection means 40, 240, 340, 440, 640 with the intermediate plate 50 may not overlap.

For example, the connection portion of the connection means 40, 240, 340, 440, 640 with the intermediate plate 50 may be located closer to the connection portion of the energy absorbing steel material 60 with the intermediate plate 50 than the connection portion of the connection means 40, 240, 340, 440, 640 with the pile 20, 420 when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20, 420. This allows the connection area of the connection means 40, 240, 340, 440, 640 with the upper end of the pile 20, 420 to be larger than when the energy absorbing steel material 60 is connected to the pile 20, 420, so that the concentration of the force transmitted from the connection means 40, 240, 340, 440, 640 to the pile 20, 420 can be suppressed. As a result, partial deformation of the upper end side of the pile 20, 420 can be suppressed.

In the above first to sixth embodiments, the outer diameter of the lower end of the connection means 40, 240, 340, 440, 640 is described as being approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pile 20, 420, but this is not necessarily limited to this. The outer diameter of the lower end of the connection means 40, 240, 340, 440, 640 may be changed relative to the outer diameter of the pile 20, 420 within the range where at least a part of the lower end of the connection means 440, 240, 340, 440, 640 is arranged in the axial direction of the pile 20, 420 at a position overlapping with the round steel pipe 23 or the pile main body 421 of the pile 20, 420. In other words, the outer diameter of the lower end of the connection means 40, 240, 340, 440, 640 may be changed relative to the outer diameter of the pile 20, 420 within the range of the plate thickness of the round steel pipe 23 or the pile main body 421.

In this case, the connection means 40, 240, 340, 440, 640 can be connected to the pile 20, 420 above the round steel pipe 23 or the pile body 421. Therefore, when a force is transmitted from the connection means 40, 240, 340, 440, 640 to the pile 20, 420, the force can be transmitted to the steel pipe portion of the round steel pipe 23 or the pile body 421. As a result, damage to the pile 20, 420 can be suppressed.

In addition, in the above first to third, fifth and sixth embodiments, the outer diameter of the lower end side of the connection means 40, 240, 340, 640 is described as being approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pile 20, but this is not necessarily limited to this. For example, the outer diameter of the lower end of the connection means 40, 240, 340, 640 may be larger than the outer diameter of the connection part of the upper end of the connection means 40, 240, 340, 640 with the lower surface of the intermediate plate 50, and smaller than the outer diameter of the pile 20.

In this case as well, the connection area between the pile 20 and the connection means 40, 240, 340, 640 can be made larger than when the lower end surface 62 of the energy absorbing steel material 60 is connected to the top plate 22 of the pile 20. As a result, the force transmitted via the connection means 40, 240, 340, 640 can be prevented from concentrating on a portion of the top plate 22 of the pile 20, and partial deformation of the top plate 22 of the pile 20 can be prevented.

In the above first to fifth embodiments, the upper end surface 42 of the enlarged diameter portion 41 is connected to the lower surface of the intermediate plate 50, but a separate cylindrical member may be disposed between the enlarged diameter portion 41 and the intermediate plate 50.

In the above first to fifth embodiments, the enlarged diameter portion 41 of the connection means 40, 240, 340, 440 is described as being formed into a truncated cone shape, but this is not necessarily limited to this. As long as the outer diameter of the upper end of the enlarged diameter portion 41 is smaller than the outer diameter of the lower end of the enlarged diameter portion 41, it may be formed to be curved like a bowl.

In the above first to fifth embodiments, the expanded diameter portion 41 of the connection means 40, 240, 340, 440 is formed into a truncated cone shape, and the expanded diameter portion 41 expands from the upper end to the lower end. However, this is not necessarily limited to this. For example, the expanded diameter portion 41 may be formed by arranging two types of cylindrical steel pipes with different outer diameters side by side in the axial direction and connecting the two types of steel pipes with a disk-shaped plate member that expands in the radial direction.

In the above first to sixth embodiments, the energy absorbing steel material 60 is formed by combining four plates, but this is not necessarily limited to this. For example, the energy absorbing steel material 60 may be formed from general steel such as H-shaped steel, square steel pipe, or round steel pipe. In addition, the tubular energy absorbing steel material 60 may be formed by combining a number of steel plates other than four.

In the above first to third, fifth and sixth embodiments, the pile 20 is formed from a prefabricated SC pile, and in the above fourth embodiment, the pile 420 is formed from a steel pipe pile, but 20 and 420 may be formed from other piles (e.g., SC piles, PHC piles, steel pipe piles, cast-in-place concrete piles).

In the above first, fourth and fifth embodiments, the outer diameter of the lower end of the connection means 40, 440 is smaller than the outer diameter of the pile 20, 420 before the connection means 40, 440 is connected to the pile 20, 420. However, this is not necessarily limited to this. For example, before the connection means 40, 440 is connected to the pile 20, 420, the outer diameter of the lower end of the connection means 40, 440 may be formed to be approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pile 20, 420, and the outer diameter of the lower end surface 43 formed by welding may be formed to be approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pile 20, 420.

In the above third embodiment, when connecting the enlarged diameter portion 41 to the same diameter portion 344, the outer peripheral surface of the lower end side of the enlarged diameter portion 41 is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the same diameter portion 344. However, the lower end surface 43 of the enlarged diameter portion 41 may be connected to the inner peripheral surface of the same diameter portion 344.

In the above fourth embodiment, a case was described in which the plate thickness from the inner circumferential surface to the outer circumferential surface of the connection means 440 before it is connected to the pile 420 and the plate thickness from the inner circumferential surface to the outer circumferential surface of the pile body 421 of the pile 420 are formed to have the same dimensions, but this is not necessarily limited to this. For example, the plate thickness from the inner circumferential surface to the outer circumferential surface of the pile body 421 of the pile 420 may be formed to be greater than the plate thickness from the inner circumferential surface to the outer circumferential surface of the connection means 440 before it is connected to the pile 420.

In the above fourth embodiment, the restraining member 445 is formed from a disk-shaped iron plate, and the entire outer edge of the restraining member 445 is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the enlarged diameter portion 41. However, this is not necessarily limited to this, and only a portion of the restraining member 445 may be connected to the inner circumferential surface of the enlarged diameter portion.

In this case, the restraining member 445 is partially connected at least at each of the division points obtained by dividing the inner circumferential surface of the enlarged diameter portion 41 into three or more equal parts in the circumferential direction. In this way, since the restraining member 445 is connected to the inner circumferential surface of the enlarged diameter portion 41 at three or more points, when a thrust force acts on the enlarged diameter portion 41, the restraining member 445 can suppress deformation of the enlarged diameter portion 41 toward the outside in the radial direction.

In the above fourth embodiment, a case where a restraining member 445 is arranged in the expanded diameter portion 41 of the connection means 440 is described, but this is not necessarily limited to this. If the pile body 421 of the pile 420 and the expanded diameter portion 41 of the connection means 440 are designed to have a strength such that they will not bend when the horizontal force of an earthquake or wind acts on the building 410, it is not necessary to arrange a restraining member 445 in the expanded diameter portion 41.

In addition, in the fourth embodiment, the case where the restraining member 445 is connected to the inner periphery side of the enlarged diameter portion 41 is described, but this is not necessarily limited to this, and the restraining member 445 formed in a ring shape may also be connected to the outer periphery side of the enlarged diameter portion 41.

In the sixth embodiment, the reinforcing members 636, 645 are formed in a roughly "#" shape when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20, but this is not necessarily limited to this. For example, the reinforcing members 636, 645 may be formed in a cross shape when viewed in the axial direction of the pile 20, or a pair of iron plates may be arranged in a roughly "=" shape.

In the sixth embodiment, the upper end surface 648 of the same diameter portion 644 is connected to the lower surface of the intermediate plate 50, but this is not necessarily limited to this. As long as the end surface 645d of the reinforcing member 645 is connected to the lower surface of the intermediate plate 50, the upper end surface 648 of the same diameter portion 644 may be positioned away from the lower surface of the intermediate plate 50.

6 10 Buildings 20,420 Piles 30,530 Superstructure
6 40 Connection means
6 44 Same diameter part
6 45 Reinforcing member (reinforcing portion)
645a First iron plate (plate member)
645b Second iron plate (plate member)
645c Square section (part of one side end face)
645d Upper end surface (one side end surface)
50 Intermediate plate 60 Energy absorbing steel material

Claims (3)

In a building having piles and a superstructure supported by the piles,
An intermediate plate disposed between the superstructure and the pile, an energy absorbing steel material disposed between the intermediate plate and the superstructure, and a connection means disposed between the intermediate plate and the pile,
The energy absorbing steel member is configured to have a lower horizontal bending rigidity than the piles and the connection means, and is connected to the superstructure and the intermediate plate;
The connection means includes a cylindrical portion having an outer diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the pile and connected to the intermediate plate and the pile , and a reinforcing portion connected to an inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion and disposed at a position away from the connection portion between the cylindrical portion and the pile toward the intermediate plate,
The reinforcing portion is made up of a plurality of plate members, and is arranged such that one side end surface of each of the plate members faces the intermediate plate,
A building characterized in that one side of the multiple plate members is connected to the intermediate plate, and at least a portion of the side end face of the one side is arranged in a position overlapping the connection portion between the energy absorbing steel material and the intermediate plate when viewed in the axial direction of the pile . The building described in claim 1, characterized in that at least a portion of the side end surface of the reinforcing portion is configured to have approximately the same shape and size as the energy absorbing steel material when viewed in the axial direction of the pile . The building according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the reinforcing portion is configured by arranging the plurality of plate members in a lattice pattern crossing in perpendicular directions when viewed in the axial direction of the pile .

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