JP7600092B2 - building - Google Patents

Description

Application of Article 30, Paragraph 2 of the Patent Act JGC Corporation disclosed an invention relating to a building invented by Naoki Yamase and Manabu Kumagami at the JSR Bioscience and Informatics R&D Center at 3-103-9 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa-ken, after completion.

The present invention relates to buildings.

In buildings such as multi-story buildings and homes, it is common for each floor to be cooled by air conditioning equipment installed on each floor (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2021-89080 A Special table 2014-519012 publication

However, the cooling systems for buildings as described above do not provide sufficient energy savings for the entire building. In particular, multi-story buildings with large spaces and wide floor areas require a lot of energy for cooling in the summer, so sufficient energy savings are required.

The present invention was made in consideration of these points, and one of its objectives is to provide a building that can cool a large space while saving energy.

A building according to one aspect of the present invention has an atrium that connects multiple floors vertically and cooling vents that blow cold air upward from the floor of each floor, and the multiple floors with the atrium have a first floor that is equipped with a cooling vent and a second floor that is located below the first floor and does not have a cooling vent.

According to this aspect, by providing a cooling port on the first floor with an atrium that sprays cold air upward from the floor, it is possible to mainly cool the space where people are active (the space from the floor to the height of the people) without cooling the entire space on the first floor, thereby saving energy. Furthermore, since the building has an atrium, a first floor equipped with a cooling port, and a second floor located below the first floor and not equipped with a cooling port, the cold air from the first floor can be sent through the atrium to the second floor below, and the second floor can be cooled with that cold air. This provides a building that can cool a large space while saving energy.

In the above embodiment, the first floor may be made up of multiple floors, and may have an upper floor and a lower floor that is lower than the upper floor, and the lower floor may have a floor portion that protrudes toward the atrium side more than the floor portion of the upper floor.

In the above embodiment, the first floor may be made up of multiple floors, and may have an upper floor and a lower floor that is lower than the upper floor, and the upper floor may have a floor portion that protrudes further toward the atrium than the floor portion of the lower floor.

In the above embodiment, the lower floor may be located directly below the upper floor.

In the above embodiment, the atrium has an atrium section on each floor, and at least some of the atrium sections on adjacent floors may be configured so that their horizontal center positions are offset from each other.

In the above embodiment, the second floor may be the lowest floor.

In the above embodiment, the first floor may have a vertical partition wall at the floor edge facing the atrium.

In the above embodiment, the partition may have a height of 110 cm or more and 180 cm or less.

In the above embodiment, the multiple floors include an entrance floor having an entrance hall, and the second floor directly above the entrance floor and the third floor directly above the second floor are the first floors, and the second floor has a floor section that protrudes further toward the atrium side than the floor section of the third floor, and the protruding length of the floor section of the second floor relative to the floor section of the third floor may be smaller for the floor section on the entrance hall side than for the floor section on the opposite side across the atrium from the entrance hall.

In the above embodiment, the multiple floors include an entrance floor having an entrance hall, and multiple first floors are located directly above the entrance floor, and the multiple first floors may be formed in a stepped shape on the opposite side of the atrium from the entrance hall, with the floors of the floors closer to the entrance floor protruding toward the atrium.

In the above embodiment, the entrance floor may be the second floor.

The present invention makes it possible to provide a building that can cool a large space in an energy-efficient manner.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a cross section of a building for explaining the structure of the building in accordance with the present embodiment.

Below, an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a longitudinal section of a building 1 according to this embodiment.

Building 1 has multiple floors, for example, four floors 1F, 2F, 3F, and 4F. Building 1 has an atrium 10 that vertically connects the four floors 1F to 4F. Atrium 10 is provided, for example, near the center of building 1, not at the horizontal end.

The first floor (1F) is the entrance floor and has an entrance hall 31 with a door 30 that serves as the building entrance. The entrance hall 31 is connected to the atrium 10 without any partitions.

The second floor 2F, the third floor 3F, and the fourth floor 4F are equipped with cooling vents 40 that blow cold air upward from the floors of the floors. In this embodiment, the second floor 2F, the third floor 3F, and the fourth floor 4F correspond to the first floor equipped with a cooling vent in the present invention.

The cooling vents 40 are provided in large numbers on the floors of the spaces that are open to at least the atrium 10 on each of the 2nd to 4th floors. The cooling vents 40 may also be provided on the floors of the rooms that are separated from the atrium 10 on each of the 2nd to 4th floors. The cooling vents 40 are made of, for example, porous floorboards and porous carpet tiles. The cooling devices 50 are provided under the floors of each of the 2nd to 4th floors. The cooling vents 40 are configured to blow out the cold air sent from the cooling devices 50 on each of the 2nd to 4th floors through the floor and above the floor. The cooling devices 50 are not particularly limited, but may be, for example, air conditioners. The number and arrangement of the cooling devices 50 are not particularly limited.

The first floor 1F is not provided with the above-mentioned cooling vent 40. Note that, in the perimeter areas of each of the floors 1F to 4F, for example, near the windows, a device other than the cooling vent 40 that blows cool air from the ceiling or the like other than the floor may be provided. The first floor 1F corresponds to the second floor in this invention that does not have a cooling vent.

Each of the second to fourth floors has partition walls 60, 61, and 62 erected vertically on the edge of the floor facing the atrium 10. The partition walls 60 to 62 have a height of, for example, 110 cm to 180 cm from the floor surface.

The second floor 2F has a front floor section 70 located on the entrance hall 31 side of the atrium 10 along the first horizontal direction X, for example, and a back floor section 71 located on the opposite side of the entrance hall 31 from the atrium 10. The first horizontal direction X is a direction along the traffic line from the entrance hall 31 toward the atrium 10. The second floor 2F also has floor sections 72 on both sides of the atrium 10 in the second horizontal direction Y. The second horizontal direction Y is a direction perpendicular to the first horizontal direction X. The cooling vents 40 are provided in the front floor section 70, the back floor section 71, and the floor section 72, respectively. The partition wall 60 is provided at the tip of the front floor section 70, the back floor section 71, and the floor section 72 on the atrium 10 side.

The third floor 3F has a front floor section 80 located on the entrance hall 31 side of the atrium 10, for example, along the first horizontal direction X, and a rear floor section 81 located on the opposite side of the entrance hall 31 from the atrium 10. The third floor 3F also has floor sections 82 on both sides of the atrium 10 in the second horizontal direction Y. Cooling vents 40 are provided in the front floor section 80, the rear floor section 81, and the floor section 82, respectively. Partition walls 61 are provided at the ends of the front floor section 80, the rear floor section 81, and the floor section 82 on the atrium 10 side.

The fourth floor 4F has a front floor section 90 located on the entrance hall 31 side of the atrium 10 along the first horizontal direction X, for example, and a back floor section 91 located on the opposite side of the entrance hall 31 with respect to the atrium 10. The fourth floor 4F also has floor sections 92 on both sides of the atrium 10 in the second horizontal direction Y. Cooling vents 40 are provided in the front floor section 90, the back floor section 91, and the floor section 92, respectively. Partition walls 62 are provided at the tips of the front floor section 90, the back floor section 91, and the floor section 92 on the atrium 10 side. The fourth floor 4F has a ceiling section 93 through which external light from the building 1 is taken in. The ceiling section 93 is provided in a position corresponding to the atrium 10 (above the atrium 10). The ceiling section 93 through which external light is taken in may be a part or all of the ceiling of the atrium 10.

The rear floor 81 on the third floor (3F) has a protruding portion 81a that protrudes further toward the void 10 than the rear floor 91 on the fourth floor (4F) directly above. The length L1 of the protruding portion 81a of the rear floor 81 is 5m or more.

The rear floor 71 on the second floor 2F has a protruding portion 71a that protrudes further toward the void 10 than the rear floor 81 on the third floor 3F directly above. The length L2 of the protruding portion 71a of the rear floor 71 is 5m or more. For example, the length L1 of the protruding portion 81a and the length L2 of the protruding portion 71a may be the same, or one of them may be longer.

The front floor section 90 on the fourth floor 4F has a protruding portion 90a that protrudes further toward the stairwell 10 than the front floor section 80 on the third floor 3F directly below. The length L3 of the protruding portion 90a of the front floor section 90 is 5m or more. The front floor section 90 on the fourth floor 4F protrudes further toward the stairwell 10 than the front floor section 70 on the second floor 2F.

The front floor section 70 on the second floor 2F has a protruding portion 70a that protrudes further toward the void 10 than the front floor section 80 on the third floor 3F directly above. The length L4 of the protruding portion 70a of the front floor section 70 is 1 m or more.

The length L4 of the protruding portion 70a of the front floor portion 70 relative to the front floor portion 80 is smaller than the length L2 of the protruding portion 71a of the rear floor portion 71 relative to the rear floor portion 81. In other words, the rear floor portion 71 on the second floor 2F protrudes further relative to the floor portion on the third floor 3F than the front floor portion 70.

The rear floor section 91 of the fourth floor 4F, the rear floor section 81 of the third floor 3F, and the rear floor section 71 of the second floor 2F are formed in a stepped shape so that the floor sections closer to the first floor 1F protrude towards the atrium 10.

The atrium 10 has atrium sections 10a, 10b, 10c, and 10d on each of the floors 1F to 4F. At least the centers of the atrium sections 10b to 10d on the second floor 2F to the fourth floor 4F are offset from each other in the first horizontal direction X. The center of the atrium section 10b on the second floor 2F is the center between the front floor section 70 and the rear floor section 71 in the first horizontal direction X, the center of the atrium section 10c on the third floor 3F is the center between the front floor section 80 and the rear floor section 81 in the first horizontal direction X, and the center of the atrium section 10d on the fourth floor 4F is the center between the front floor section 90 and the rear floor section 91 in the first horizontal direction X.

The opening area forming the atrium 10d surrounded by floors 90, 91, and 92 on the fourth floor 4F in plan view, the opening area forming the atrium 10c surrounded by floors 80, 81, and 82 on the third floor 3F in plan view, and the opening area forming the atrium 10b surrounded by floors 70, 71, and 72 on the second floor 2F in plan view may be the same shape and size as each other, or may be different shapes and sizes. The opening areas forming each atrium 10a to 10d in plan view may have a polygonal shape such as a square, or may have a circular or elliptical shape.

The floor sections of each of the 1st to 4th floors are provided with stairs 100, 101, 102 for moving between adjacent upper and lower floors in the exposed parts of the atrium 10. The first stairs 100 connects the floor section of the atrium 10a on the first floor 1F to the protruding part 71a of the rear floor section 71 on the second floor 2F. The second stairs 101 connects the protruding part 71a of the rear floor section 71 on the second floor 2F to the floor section 82 on the third floor 3F. The third stairs 102 connects the protruding part 81a of the rear floor section 81 on the third floor 3F to the floor section 92 on the fourth floor 4F.

Next, the cooling method of the building 1 configured as described above will be described. For example, on the second floor 2F to the fourth floor 4F, cold air A supplied from the cooling device 50 is ejected upward from the cooling vent 40 in the floor. The cold air A is ejected at a flow rate (pressure) sufficient to reach a height of about a person's height. On the second floor 2F to the fourth floor 4F, the cold air A on each of the floors 2F to 4F is temporarily blocked by the partition walls 60 to 62 and stored in the space inside the partition walls 60 to 62. Note that on the first floor 1F, there is no cooling vent 40, so cold air does not eject from the floor.

Then, for example, cold air A on the fourth floor 4F passes over the partition wall 62, flows into the atrium 10, and descends through the atrium 10. Cold air A on the rear floor 91 on the fourth floor 4F falls onto the protruding part 81a of the rear floor 81 on the third floor directly below, cooling the protruding part 81a. Cold air A on the front floor 90 on the fourth floor 4F descends through the atrium 10 to the first floor 1F. This cold air A falls through the vicinity of the center in the first horizontal direction X of the atrium 10c on the third floor 3F and the vicinity of the center in the first horizontal direction X of the atrium 10b on the second floor 2F.

The cold air A on the third floor 3F passes over the partition wall 61, flows into the atrium 10, and descends through the atrium 10. The cold air A on the rear floor 81 on the third floor 3F, together with the cold air A that falls from the rear floor 91 on the fourth floor 4F, falls onto the protruding part 71a of the rear floor 71 on the second floor directly below, cooling the protruding part 71a. A part of the cold air A on the front floor 80 on the third floor 3F falls onto the protruding part 70a of the front floor 70 on the second floor 2F directly below, cooling the protruding part 70a. A part of the cold air A on the front floor 80 on the third floor 3F descends through the atrium 10 to the first floor 1F. This cold air A passes through the space below the protruding part 90a of the front floor 90 on the fourth floor 4F directly above.

The cold air A on the second floor 2F climbs over the partition wall 60, flows into the atrium 10, and falls through the atrium 10. The cold air A on the rear floor 71 on the second floor 2F falls to the first floor 1F directly below, together with the cold air A that has fallen from the rear floor 81 on the third floor 3F, and cools the first floor 1F. The cold air A on the front floor 70 on the second floor 2F falls to the first floor 1F directly below, together with the cold air A that has fallen from the front floor 80 on the third floor 3F, and cools the first floor 1F. The cold air A on the first floor 1F is supplied to the entrance hall 31, etc.

According to this embodiment, by providing cooling vents 40 on the second floor 2F to the fourth floor 4F, through which cold air A is sprayed upward from the floor, it is possible to mainly cool the space where people are active (the space from the floor to the height of the person) without cooling the entire space on the second floor 2F to the fourth floor 4F, thereby saving energy. Furthermore, since the building 1 has an atrium 10, the second floor 2F to the fourth floor 4F equipped with cooling vents 40, and the first floor 1F without a cooling vent 40, the cold air A from the second floor 2F to the fourth floor 4F can be sent through the atrium 10 to the first floor 1F below, and the cold air A can be used to cool the first floor 1F below. This allows the large space of the building 1 to be cooled in an energy-efficient manner.

The second floor 2F to the fourth floor 4F have cooling vents 40, and the lower second floor 2F and third floor 3F have protruding parts 81a, 71a of the rear floor parts 81, 71 that protrude further toward the atrium 10 than the rear floor part 91 of the upper fourth floor 4F. This allows the cold air A from the cooling vent 40 on the fourth floor 4F to cool the protruding parts 81a, 71a of the lower floors, while also cooling the first floor 1F, which does not have a cooling vent 40. In particular, the protruding part 81a of the third floor 3F directly below is cooled effectively.

The second floor 2F to the fourth floor 4F have cooling vents 40, and the fourth floor 4F has a protruding portion 90a of the front floor portion 90 that protrudes further toward the atrium 10 than the front floor portions 80, 70 of the third floor 3F and second floor 2F below. In this case, the edges of the front floor portions 80, 70 of the third floor 3F and second floor 2F, where the cold air A from the cooling vent 40 of the fourth floor 4F is difficult to reach, can be appropriately cooled by the cold air A from the cooling vents 40 of the third floor 3F and second floor 2F. In particular, the edges of the front floor portion 80 of the third floor 3F directly below are effectively cooled. In addition, since the cold air A from the fourth floor 4F easily descends directly to the first floor 1F through the atrium 10, the first floor 1F, which does not have a cooling vent 40, can be effectively cooled.

The atrium 10 has atrium sections 10a to 10d on each of the floors 1F to 4F, and at least the atrium sections 10b to 10d on the second floor 2F to the fourth floor 4F that are vertically adjacent to each other are configured so that the center positions in the first horizontal direction X are offset from each other. This allows, for example, the areas near the centers of the atrium sections 10b and 10c on the lower floors 2F and 3F to be cooled by cold air A descending from the atrium section 10d on the upper fourth floor 4F, allowing the entire building to be cooled uniformly.

The floor that does not have a cooling vent 40 is the lowest floor, the first floor (1F), so cold air A can be appropriately supplied to the first floor (1F) that does not have a cooling vent 40. This allows the entire building to be appropriately cooled.

The second floor 2F to the fourth floor 4F, which have cooling vents 40, have vertically erected partition walls 60 to 62 at the floor edges facing the atrium 10, so that cold air A from the cooling vents 40 on each floor can be prevented from flowing into the atrium 10 before the floor is sufficiently cooled. In addition, cold air A can be sent to the atrium 10 from a high position by the height of the partition walls 60 to 62. As a result, the building 1 can be cooled efficiently.

The partitions 60 to 62 have a height of 110 cm or more and 180 cm or less, so that the cool air mainly accumulates in the area where people are moving, allowing for concentrated cooling of the area where people are moving. This promotes energy conservation.

The length L4 of the protruding portion 70a of the front floor portion 70 relative to the front floor portion 80 on the entrance hall 31 side is shorter than the length L2 of the protruding portion 71a of the rear floor portion 71 relative to the rear floor portion 81 on the opposite side of the entrance hall 31. Therefore, the entrance hall 31 side is structured such that in addition to the cold air A from the second floor 2F, the cold air A from the third floor 3F easily falls into the entrance hall 31. As a result, the entrance hall 31, where there is a lot of movement of people, can be effectively cooled.

Furthermore, the rear floor section 91 of the fourth floor 4F, the rear floor section 81 of the third floor 3F, and the rear floor section 71 of the second floor 2F are formed in a stepped shape so that the floor sections on the floors closer to the first floor 1F, which is the entrance floor, protrude toward the atrium 10. This allows the cool air A to flow smoothly toward the entrance hall 31, making it possible to effectively cool the entrance hall 31, where there is a lot of foot traffic.

Generally, the entrance floor requires a large amount of energy for cooling, especially in the summer. In this embodiment, the entrance floor, the first floor 1F, does not have a cooling vent 40, and the first floor 1F can be sufficiently cooled, which further promotes energy conservation.

The above describes preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can come up with various modified or revised examples within the scope of the ideas described in the claims, and it is understood that these also naturally fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

For example, the structure of the building 1 is not limited to that of the above embodiment. The building 1 may have a basement floor. The building 1 does not have to have four floors, but may have two or more floors. The building 1 may have three or more floors, or five or more floors. The atrium 10 does not have to connect all the floors of the building 1, but may connect some of the floors of the building 1. The floors having the cooling vent 40 are not limited to the second floor 2F to the fourth floor 4F. The floors having the cooling vent 40 may be one or more floors. The floors not having the cooling vent 40 are not limited to the first floor 1F. The floors not having the cooling vent 40 may be one or more floors. The structure in which the floors of the second floor 2F to the fourth floor 4F protrude in the first horizontal direction X is also not limited to that of the above embodiment. The direction in which the floors of the floors of the floors 2F to 4F protrude relative to the floors of the other floors may be the second horizontal direction Y, not limited to the first horizontal direction X.

The present invention is useful in providing buildings that can cool large spaces in an energy-efficient manner.

1 Building 10 Atrium 40 Cooling vent 1F 1st floor 2F 2nd floor 3F 3rd floor 4F 4th floor X First horizontal direction

Claims (10)

A void that connects multiple floors vertically,
A cooling port that ejects cold air upward from the floor of the floor,
The plurality of floors having the atrium include
a first floor including the cooling vent;
a second floor located below the first floor and not including the cooling vent;
The first floor comprises a plurality of floors;
The first floor has an upper floor and a lower floor that is lower than the upper floor,
A building , wherein the lower floor has a floor portion that protrudes toward the atrium side more than the floor portion of the upper floor . A void that connects multiple floors vertically,
A cooling port that ejects cold air upward from the floor of the floor,
The plurality of floors having the atrium include
a first floor including the cooling vent;
a second floor located below the first floor and not including the cooling vent;
The first floor comprises a plurality of floors;
The first floor has an upper floor and a lower floor that is lower than the upper floor,
A building , wherein the upper floor has a floor portion that protrudes toward the atrium side more than the floor portion of the lower floor . The building according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the lower floor is located directly below the upper floor. A void that connects multiple floors vertically,
A cooling port that ejects cold air upward from the floor of the floor,
The plurality of floors having the atrium include
a first floor including the cooling vent;
a second floor located below the first floor and not including the cooling vent;
The atrium has an atrium section on each floor,
A building in which at least some of the open-air spaces between adjacent floors are configured so that their horizontal center positions are offset from each other . A void that connects multiple floors vertically,
A cooling port that ejects cold air upward from the floor of the floor,
The plurality of floors having the atrium include
a first floor including the cooling vent;
a second floor located below the first floor and not including the cooling vent;
A building in which the first floor has a partition wall erected vertically at the floor edge facing the atrium . The building according to claim 5 , wherein the partition has a height of 110 cm or more and 180 cm or less. A void that connects multiple floors vertically,
A cooling port that ejects cold air upward from the floor of the floor,
The plurality of floors having the atrium include
a first floor including the cooling vent;
a second floor located below the first floor and not including the cooling vent;
The plurality of floors includes an entrance floor having an entrance hall;
The second floor directly above the entrance floor and the third floor directly above the second floor are the first floors;
The second floor has a floor portion protruding toward the atrium side more than the floor portion of the third floor,
A building, wherein the protruding length of the floor section of the second floor relative to the floor section of the third floor is smaller for the floor section on the entrance hall side than for the floor section on the opposite side across the atrium from the entrance hall . A void that connects multiple floors vertically,
A cooling port that ejects cold air upward from the floor of the floor,
The plurality of floors having the atrium include
a first floor including the cooling vent;
a second floor located below the first floor and not including the cooling vent;
The plurality of floors includes an entrance floor having an entrance hall;
A plurality of first floors are provided directly above the entrance floor,
The building has a plurality of first floors, each of which is formed in a stepped manner on the opposite side of the atrium from the entrance hall, with the floor of the floor closer to the entrance floor protruding toward the atrium . 9. A building according to claim 7 or 8 , wherein the entrance floor is the second floor. 10. A building according to any one of claims 1 to 9 , wherein the second floor is the lowest floor.

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