JP7611204B2 - LOAD TRANSFER STRUCTURE AND METHOD FOR CONSTRUCTING LOAD TRANSFER STRUCTURE - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a load transfer structure and a method for constructing the same.

Wood is an anisotropic material in which the strength and stiffness differ greatly between the fiber direction and the direction perpendicular to the fiber, and the strength and stiffness in the fiber direction are significantly greater than those in the direction perpendicular to the fiber. For this reason, it is common for wood materials such as laminated timber used for pillars and beams to have the fiber direction oriented in the material axis direction (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Patent Publication No. 2022-8273

However, when wooden pieces with mutually perpendicular fiber directions come into contact at the joints between the pieces of wood, and one piece of wood is positioned next to the other piece of wood in the fiber direction, when a bending moment acts on one piece of wood, the one piece of wood is likely to sink into the other piece of wood in the fiber direction of the one piece of wood, i.e., in the direction perpendicular to the fiber of the other piece of wood, and this poses the problem that the strength and rigidity of the one piece of wood cannot be fully demonstrated.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to provide a load transmission structure etc. that can prevent wooden materials from sinking into the ground.

A first invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is a load transfer structure for a first wooden material and a second wooden material, the first wooden material being a wooden beam, the first wooden material and the second wooden material being arranged such that the grain directions of the first wooden material and the second wooden material are perpendicular to each other, the second wooden material being positioned above or below the first wooden material, a compressive deformation prevention plate is arranged between the first wooden material and the second wooden material at positions corresponding to both ends of the upper or lower surface of the second wooden material , a filler is filled between the compressive deformation prevention plate at both ends, holes are formed in the first wooden material in a direction perpendicular to the grain of the first wooden material, compressive deformation prevention steel bars are arranged in the holes in contact with the compressive deformation prevention plate materials and filled with adhesive, and reinforcing steel bars are a reinforcing bar disposed so as to straddle the first wooden material and the second wooden material, the reinforcing bar disposed within holes in the first wooden material, the second wooden material, and the anti-slip plate material and an adhesive is filled into the holes, the anti-slip plate material is installed within a range from the compression edge to the neutral axis when an in-plane bending moment including the first and second wooden materials is applied to the second wooden material, and the number of anti-slip steel bars located at the center of the plane of the anti-slip plate material and on the compression edge side of the reinforcing steel bars is the same as or greater than the number (a number of 1 or more) of anti-slip steel bars located at the center and on the neutral axis side of the reinforcing steel bars.

According to the load transfer structure of the present invention, the compressive load from the second wooden material is transferred to the anti-sinking rebar through the anti-sinking plate material, and is transferred as an adhesive force from the anti-sinking rebar to the inside of the first wooden material through the adhesive material. In a structure in which the first and second wooden materials are simply abutted, the compressive load from the second wooden material is supported in a narrow range in the first wooden material near the boundary with the second wooden material, so that the second wooden material is easily sunk due to compression occurring in that range, but in the present invention, the above-mentioned adhesive force is distributed to a deep position in the first wooden material corresponding to the length of the anti-sinking rebar and the hole in the first wooden material, so that the compressive load from the second wooden material can be distributed and supported over a wide range of the first wooden material. As a result, the compression of the first wooden material can be suppressed to prevent the second wooden material from sunk, and the bending strength and rigidity of the second wooden material can be secured. In addition, the arrangement of the anti-sinking plate and the anti-sinking steel bar can be optimized, and the compressive load from the second wood material can be efficiently transmitted to the first wood material.

A second invention is a load transfer structure for a first wooden material and a second wooden material, the first wooden material being a wooden beam, the first wooden material and the second wooden material being arranged such that the fiber directions of the first wooden material and the second wooden material are perpendicular to each other, the second wooden material being positioned above or below the first wooden material, a plate material for preventing compression is arranged between the first wooden material and the second wooden material at positions corresponding to both ends of the upper or lower surface of the second wooden material , and a filler is filled between the plate material for preventing compression at both ends, holes are formed in the first wooden material in a direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the first wooden material, a plate material for preventing compression is arranged in the hole in contact with the plate material and filled with an adhesive, a reinforcing bar is arranged so as to straddle the first wooden material and the second wooden material, the reinforcing bar is arranged in the holes of the first wooden material, the second wooden material, and the plate material for preventing compression, and the holes are filled with an adhesive, the load transfer structure is constructed as follows:
This construction method includes a step of installing the first wooden material and the second wooden material, and is characterized in that, when an in-plane bending moment including the first and second wooden materials is applied to the second wooden material, the first wooden material is moved and installed with the anti-sinking plate material installed within the range from the compression edge to the neutral axis, and the number of anti-sinking rebars located at the center of the plane of the anti-sinking plate material and on the compression edge side of the reinforcing rebars is the same as or greater than the number of anti-sinking rebars (a number greater than or equal to one) located at the center and on the neutral axis side of the reinforcing rebars.
In the present invention, construction on site can be simplified by transporting wooden pieces to which anti-sinking boards and anti-sinking rebars have already been attached in a factory or the like to the construction site and setting them up.

A third invention is a load transfer structure for a first wooden material and a second wooden material, the first wooden material being a wooden beam, the second wooden material being a wooden wall formed by overlapping the board surfaces of two wooden boards having grooves on the board surfaces, the first wooden material and the second wooden material being orthogonal in fiber direction to each other, the second wooden material being positioned above or below the first wooden material, and a bolt is fitted between the first wooden material and the second wooden material at positions corresponding to both ends of the upper or lower surface of the second wooden material. A plate material for preventing embedding is arranged, and a filler is filled between the plate material at both ends of the plate material for preventing embedding, a hole is formed in the first wooden material in a direction perpendicular to the grain of the first wooden material, a plate material for preventing embedding is arranged in the hole and filled with an adhesive, and a reinforcing bar is arranged so as to straddle the first wooden material and the second wooden material, and the reinforcing bar is arranged in the holes of the first wooden material, the second wooden material, and the plate material for preventing embedding, and the holes are filled with an adhesive. A method for constructing a load transfer structure, comprising a step of installing the first wooden material and the second wooden material , the step of: when a bending moment in a plane including the first and second wooden materials is applied to the first wooden material and the second wooden material, the number of the anti-sagging plate members installed within a range from a compression edge to a neutral axis and the number of the anti-sagging steel bars located at the center of the plane of the anti-sagging plate members and on the compression edge side of the reinforcing steel bars are set to 1/2 the number of the anti-sagging steel bars located at the center and on the neutral axis side of the reinforcing steel bars. This construction method is characterized in that the second wood material is installed by moving and installing a number of anti-sinking rebars attached that is equal to or greater than the number of anti-sinking rebars (which is one or more), and then, with the reinforcing rebars protruding from the anti-sinking plate material, overlapping the plate surfaces of two of the wooden boards so that the grooves sandwich the protruding parts of the reinforcing rebars, and filling the holes formed by the grooves of the two wooden boards with the adhesive.
In this case, by overlapping the wooden boards from the front and back, the wooden wall, which is the second wooden material, can be easily installed, and the degree of freedom in installation work for the wooden wall, etc. can be increased.

A fourth invention is a load transfer structure for a first wooden material and a second wooden material, the first wooden material being a wooden pillar, the second wooden material being a wooden beam, the first wooden material and the second wooden material being orthogonal in fiber direction to each other, the second wooden material being positioned to the left or right of the first wooden material, and a sink- in prevention plate material being disposed between the first wooden material and the second wooden material at positions corresponding to both ends of the left side or right side of the second wooden material , A filler is filled between the plates to prevent sinking, holes are formed in the first wooden material in a direction perpendicular to the grain of the first wooden material, a steel bar to prevent sinking that contacts the plate to prevent sinking is placed in the hole and filled with an adhesive, and a reinforcing bar is placed so as to straddle the first wooden material and the second wooden material, the reinforcing bar is placed in the holes of the first wooden material, the second wooden material, and the plate to prevent sinking, and the holes are filled with an adhesive. This construction method includes a step of installing the first wooden material and the second wooden material , and comprises moving and installing the first wooden material with the anti-collapse plate material installed within the range from the compression edge to the neutral axis and the number of anti-collapse rebars attached that are located at the center of the plane of the anti-collapse plate material and on the compression edge side of the reinforcing rebars equal to or greater than the number of anti-collapse rebars located at the center and on the neutral axis side of the reinforcing rebars (a number of one or more) when an in-plane bending moment including the first and second wooden materials is applied to the second wooden material, and then moving the second wooden material laterally from a state in which the reinforcing rebars protrude from the anti-collapse plate material so that the protruding portion of the reinforcing rebar is inserted into the hole in the material axis direction of the second wooden material , and filling the hole with the adhesive, thereby installing the second wooden material .
The present invention can also be applied to the joint between a wooden pillar and a wooden beam on its side, in which case the wooden beam can be moved laterally in order to insert the reinforcing bars protruding from the wooden pillar into the holes in the wooden beam.

The present invention provides a load transfer structure that can prevent wood materials from sinking into the ground.

A diagram showing the joint between a wooden beam 1 and a wooden wall 2. A diagram showing the joint between a wooden beam 1 and a wooden wall 2. A diagram showing anti-sinking steel bars 4 and reinforcing steel bars 5. A diagram showing a wooden beam 1. 3A to 3C are diagrams illustrating a method for constructing the load transfer structure 10. A diagram showing the range C through which the compressive force of the wooden beam 1 is transmitted. 13 is an example of another arrangement of anti-sinking steel bars 4. An example of another configuration of the anti-sinking steel bar 4. An example of wooden wall 2 being made up of a single piece of wood. A diagram showing a concrete slab 3a. A diagram showing the joint between a wooden pillar 7 and a wooden beam 9. A diagram showing the joint between a wooden pillar 7 and a wooden beam 9. 3A to 3C are diagrams illustrating a method for constructing the load transfer structure 10.

The following describes in detail an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]
(1. Load Transfer Structure 10)
1 and 2 are diagrams showing a joint between a wooden beam 1 and a wooden wall 2 to which a load transfer structure 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the joint between the wooden beam 1 and the wooden wall 2, and Fig. 2(a) is an elevation view of the joint. Fig. 2(b) is a diagram showing a horizontal cross section taken along line A-A in Fig. 2(a).

Wooden beam 1 is a through beam, and is a wooden material (first wooden material) whose fiber direction is the axial direction (corresponding to the left and right direction in Figure 1, Figure 2 (a) and (b)). Since a large axial force (compressive force, tensile force) is generated in wooden beam 1 due to bending moment, by using laminated timber that is strong only in the axial direction, the force can be borne very efficiently and is also cost-effective. However, other wooden materials such as sawn timber, BP timber, CLT (Cross Laminated Timber), etc. may also be used.

The wooden walls 2 are arranged vertically next to the wooden beams 1 and are joined to the wooden beams 1. The vertical direction corresponds to the direction perpendicular to the grain of the wooden beams 1. Since the wooden walls 2 must bear both horizontal seismic forces and vertical axial forces, CLT, which has little anisotropy, is suitable, but LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber), BP materials, etc. may also be used.

The fiber direction of wooden wall 2 is perpendicular to the fiber direction of wooden beam 1, and wooden beam 1 is located next to the fiber direction of wooden wall 2 (second wooden material) (above or below wooden wall 2). CLT is made by laminating multiple layers of lamina (sawn boards), and the fiber directions of the lamina are perpendicular between adjacent layers. For example, in a CLT made of five laminated laminas, if the fiber direction of the first layer is vertical, the fiber direction of the second and fourth layers is horizontal, and the fiber direction of the third and fifth layers is vertical. The fiber direction of the entire CLT, that is, the fiber direction of wooden wall 2 when CLT is used for wooden wall 2, refers to the fiber direction of the majority of the multiple layers of lamina. For example, in the above example, it is vertical. This is also the fiber direction of the lamina of the outermost layers (the first and fifth layers in the above example).

Between the top surface of the wooden beam 1 and the upper wooden wall 2, and between the bottom surface of the wooden beam 1 and the lower wooden wall 2, steel plates 3 are placed as anti-sinking plates. It is preferable to install two steel plates 3 at positions corresponding to both ends of the wooden wall 2 in the width direction, and a filler 6 such as mortar is filled between the two steel plates 3. The width direction of the wooden wall 2 corresponds to the material axis direction (fiber direction) of the wooden beam 1. The steel plates 3 and the wooden beam 1 are bonded with an adhesive (not shown) to prevent the steel plates 3 from shifting or falling.

The installation range of the steel plate 3 is determined within the range from the compression edge of the wooden wall 2 to the neutral axis (a position where no compression due to bending moment M occurs) when a bending moment M is applied in the plane (plane including the wooden beam 1 and wooden wall 2) shown in FIG. 2(a) at the center of the thickness of the wooden wall 2. In this embodiment, one side of the steel plate 3 is aligned with the end of the wooden wall 2 in the width direction, which is the compression edge of the wooden wall 2, and the opposite side of the steel plate 3 is aligned with the neutral axis 22 when bending moment M occurs. The plane of the steel plate 3 is rectangular, and its width t (see FIG. 1) is the same as the thickness of the wooden wall 2. In FIG. 2(b), the installation range of the steel plate 3 is shown by a dashed line.

Figures 3(a) and (b) show vertical cross sections taken along lines B1-B1 and B2-B2 in Figure 2(b), respectively. Anti-slip rebars 4 and reinforcing bars 5 are embedded in the wooden beam 1. The anti-slip rebars 4 and reinforcing bars 5 are arranged in the normal direction of the steel plate 3, i.e., perpendicular to the grain of the wooden beam 1.

As shown in FIG. 3(a), the anti-slip rebar 4 is passed through a hole 11 formed in the wooden beam 1, and the hole 11 is filled with adhesive 12. The hole 11 in the wooden beam 1 is provided so as to extend perpendicular to the grain of the wooden beam 1. The wooden beam 1 and the anti-slip rebar 4 are integrated with each other by the adhesive 12. The lower end of the anti-slip rebar 4 is fixed in contact with the steel plate 3 on the underside of the wooden beam 1, and the upper end of the anti-slip rebar 4 is inserted into a sheath tube 31 fixed to the steel plate 3 on the upper surface of the wooden beam 1 and abuts against the steel plate 3.

As shown in FIG. 3(b), the reinforcing steel bars 5 are arranged across the upper wooden wall 2, the wooden beam 1, and the lower wooden wall 2. The reinforcing steel bars 5 are arranged in the holes 13 in the wooden beam 1, the holes 32 in the steel plate 3, and the holes 21 in the upper and lower wooden walls 2. These holes 13, 32, and 21 are arranged so as to be continuous in the direction perpendicular to the grain of the wooden beam 1, and each hole is filled with adhesive 14. The reinforcing steel bars 5 are integrated with the wooden beam 1 and the wooden wall 2 by the adhesive 14. The wooden wall 2 also has an injection hole (not shown) for filling with adhesive 14.

The number and arrangement of the reinforcing bars 5 are determined so as to ensure the bending strength of the wooden wall 2. In this embodiment, one reinforcing bar 5 is arranged in the center of the plane of the steel plate 3 as shown in FIG. 2(b), but this is not limited to this, and multiple reinforcing bars 5 may be arranged. On the other hand, the anti-sinking bars 4 are arranged in equal numbers (two in the example of FIG. 2(b)) on the compression edge side and the neutral axis 22 side when viewed from the center of the plane of the steel plate 3.

(2. Method of joining wooden beam 1 and wooden wall 2)
To join a wooden beam 1 and a wooden wall 2, first, as shown in FIG. 4, the wooden beam 1 to which the steel plate 3 and the anti-sinking reinforcing bar 4 are attached is manufactured in a factory or a yard on the construction site.

The steel plate 3 and the anti-sinking rebar 4 can be attached to the wooden beam 1, for example, by inserting the anti-sinking rebar 4 fixed to the lower steel plate 3 into the hole 11 in the wooden beam 1, filling the hole 11 with adhesive 12, and then placing the sheath tube 31 fixed to the upper steel plate 3 over the upper end of the anti-sinking rebar 4.

At the end of the wooden beam 1 in the material axis direction, slits 15 and holes 16 are provided to join the wooden beam 1 to a column (not shown), such as an S column (steel column), a CFT column (concrete-filled steel pipe column), or a wooden column. In this embodiment, the end of the wooden beam 1 can be joined to the column by passing a perforated steel plate (not shown) provided on the column through the slits 15, and passing a bolt or drift pin through the hole 16 of the wooden beam 1 and the hole in the perforated steel plate that communicates with it. However, the configuration of the end of the wooden beam 1 is not limited to this, and varies depending on the column to be joined. For example, when joining the wooden beam 1 to an RC column (reinforced concrete column) or an SRC column (steel-reinforced concrete column), it is recommended to fix an anchoring bar that protrudes from the end of the wooden beam 1 and is embedded in the concrete of the column to the wooden beam 1.

The wooden beam 1 is moved to the construction site and both ends are temporarily fastened to pillars (not shown), after which reinforcing bars 5 are placed in holes 32 in the steel plate 3 and holes 13 in the wooden beam 1, and adhesive 14 is filled into these holes 32, 13, integrating the reinforcing bars 5 and the wooden beam 1 as shown in FIG. 5(a). The reinforcing bars 5 protrude upward and downward from the steel plates 3 above and below the wooden beam 1.

Then, the wooden walls 2 are installed above and below the wooden beam 1. The wooden walls 2 are made up of two wooden boards 20 as shown in FIG. 5(b), and are installed by overlapping the opposing board surfaces of the two wooden boards 20 as shown in FIG. 5(c). The space between the wooden beam 1 and the wooden walls 2 is also filled with the aforementioned filler material 6.

As shown in FIG. 5(b), grooves 23 are formed on the above-mentioned board surfaces of both wooden boards 20 at positions corresponding to the protruding portions of the reinforcing bars 5. Both wooden boards 20 are moved from the front and rear of the wooden beam 1 toward the wooden beam 1 as shown by the arrows in FIG. 5(b), and the board surfaces of both wooden boards 20 are overlapped so that the protruding portions of the reinforcing bars 5 are sandwiched between the grooves 23. These wooden boards 20 are then joined together with a joining material (not shown) such as a nail. At this time, the grooves 23 of both wooden boards 20 form the above-mentioned holes 21, which are filled with adhesive 14.

Figures 5(b) and (c) show the procedure for installing the wooden wall 2 below the wooden beam 1, but the wooden wall 2 above the wooden beam 1 is also installed in a similar manner, thereby constructing a load transfer structure 10 between the wooden beam 1 and the wooden wall 2.

In the load transfer structure 10 of this embodiment, the compressive load from the wooden wall 2 caused by the bending moment M generated by an earthquake or the like is transferred to the anti-sinking rebar 4 via the steel plate 3, and is transferred as an adhesive force from the anti-sinking rebar 4 to the inside of the wooden beam 1 via the adhesive 12. As shown in FIG. 6(a), in a structure in which the wooden beam 1 and the wooden wall 2 are simply abutted, the compressive load from the wooden wall 2 is supported in a narrow area C of the wooden beam 1 near the boundary with the wooden wall 2, so that the area C is compressed and the wooden wall 2 is likely to sink in. However, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned adhesive force is distributed to a deep position of the wooden beam 1 corresponding to the length of the anti-sinking rebar 4 and the hole 11, so that the compressive force from the wooden wall 2 can be distributed and supported in a wide area C of the wooden beam 1 as shown in FIG. 6(b). As a result, the compression of the wooden beam 1 can be suppressed to prevent the wooden wall 2 from sinking in, and the bending strength and rigidity of the wooden wall 2 can be secured.

In addition, in this embodiment, the reinforcing bars 5 reinforce the joints between the wooden beams 1 and the wooden walls 2, ensuring the bending strength of the wooden walls 2.

In addition, in this embodiment, the arrangement of the steel plates 3 can be optimized by determining the arrangement according to the bending moment M as described in Figure 2(a) etc., and the compressive load from the wooden wall 2 can be efficiently transmitted to the wooden beams 1.

In addition, in this embodiment, the wooden beam 1, to which the steel plate 3 and anti-sinking rebar 4 have been attached in advance in a factory or the like, can be moved to the construction site and installed, simplifying construction on site. The wooden wall 2 can also be easily installed by overlapping the wooden boards 20 from the front and back.

However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, the steel plate 3 may be arranged within the range from the compression edge to the neutral axis 22, and the dimensions are not limited to those described above. For example, one side of the steel plate 3 may be arranged to match the compression edge, but the opposite side may be located closer to the compression edge than the neutral axis 22. The width t of the steel plate 3 may also be less than the thickness of the wooden wall 2.

Furthermore, the number and arrangement of the anti-sinking rebars 4 are not limited to the example shown in Fig. 2(b). Fig. 7 shows another example of the arrangement of the anti-sinking rebars 4, similar to Fig. 2(b).

7(a)-(c), the number of anti-slip rebars 4 located on the compression edge side of the center of the plane of the steel plate 3 is the same as the number of anti-slip rebars 4 located on the neutral axis 22 side of the center, and the anti-slip rebars 4 are arranged in a balanced manner within the plane of the steel plate 3. These anti-slip rebars 4 are also arranged symmetrically with respect to the reference line b in the width direction of the wooden beam 1 that passes through the center. On the other hand, in the examples of Figs. 7(d)-(f), the number of anti-slip rebars 4 on the compression edge side, where the compressive load is large, is greater than the number of anti-slip rebars 4 on the neutral axis 22 side. In the examples of Figs. 7(b) and (e), the anti-slip rebars 4 are also arranged in front of and behind the reinforcing rebars 5 on the reference line b. In this way, the compressive load from the wooden wall 2 can be efficiently transmitted to the wooden beam 1 by optimizing the arrangement of the anti-slip rebars 4.

The compressive load from the wooden wall 2 is also supported by the anti-sinking rebars 4, so the anti-sinking rebars 4 are designed taking into consideration four elements: number, diameter, rebar strength, and length, so that the compressive load can be supported by the strength of the rebar itself and the adhesive strength between the anti-sinking rebars 4 and the wooden beams 1.

As shown in FIG. 8(a), the anti-sinking rebars 4 may be inserted into the holes 11 of the wooden beam 1 from above and below. One end of each anti-sinking rebar 4 is fixed in contact with the steel plates 3 above and below the wooden beam 1. The other ends of each anti-sinking rebar 4 are arranged facing each other in the hole 11, and the gap between the other ends is filled with adhesive 12. In this case, the anti-sinking rebars 4 integrated with the steel plates 3 can be inserted from above and below the holes 11 of the wooden beam 1, making it easier to attach the steel plates 3 and the anti-sinking rebars 4 to the wooden beam 1.

Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8(b), holes 11 that do not penetrate the wooden beam 1 vertically may be formed at different planar positions on the top and bottom surfaces of the wooden beam 1, and a sink-in prevention rebar 4 with one end fixed to the steel plate 3 above the wooden beam 1 may be inserted into the hole 11 on the top surface of the wooden beam 1, and a sink-in prevention rebar 4 with one end fixed to the steel plate 3 below the wooden beam 1 may be inserted into the hole 11 on the bottom surface of the wooden beam 1. In this case, too, it becomes easy to attach the steel plate 3 and the sink-in prevention rebar 4 to the wooden beam 1, and it is also possible to provide a wooden wall 2 only above or only below the wooden beam 1.

However, in the example of Figure 8(a), the force between the upper and lower anti-sinking rebars 4 in the hole 11 is transmitted via the adhesive 12 filled in the gap, and in the example of Figure 8(b), the anti-sinking rebar 4 cannot be fixed to one steel plate 3 in the same planar position as the other steel plate 3, so there are limitations to the placement of the anti-sinking rebar 4. As a result, in both examples, there is a risk that the anti-sinking ability will be slightly reduced compared to the configuration of Figure 3(a).

In this embodiment, one wooden wall 2 is provided in the middle of the wooden beam 1 in the material axis direction, but there are also cases where the wooden wall 2 is provided at the end of the wooden beam 1 in the material axis direction, and there are also cases where multiple wooden walls 2 are connected next to each other in the material axis direction of the wooden beam 1. In this way, the position and number of wooden walls 2 are not particularly limited.

In this embodiment, the wooden wall 2 is formed by stacking two wooden boards 20, but as shown in FIG. 9(a), the wooden wall 2 may be a single piece. In this case, the holes 21 can be formed by drilling the wooden wall 2, but it is difficult to build the wooden wall 2 from the front or back when the reinforcing steel bars 5 have been installed in advance as shown in FIG. 5(a). Therefore, the construction order is as follows: after the wooden wall 2 is installed as shown in FIG. 9(a), the wooden beam 1 is installed on top of it as shown in FIG. 9(b), and the reinforcing steel bars 5 are placed as shown in FIG. 9(c). Forming the wooden wall 2 by stacking the wooden boards 20 front to back as described above has the advantage that the above-mentioned restrictions on the construction order are eliminated, and the degree of freedom in the installation work of the wooden beam 1 and the wooden wall 2 is increased.

In this embodiment, steel plates 3 are provided above and below the wooden beam 1, but the anti-slip plate material is not limited to the steel plate 3. For example, as shown in the load transfer structure 10a in FIG. 10, a concrete slab 3a is often placed between the top surface of the wooden beam 1 and the upper wooden wall 2, in which case the concrete slab 3a functions as the anti-slip plate material. It is sufficient for the upper end of the anti-slip rebar 4 to abut against the concrete slab 3a, but it may also be embedded within the concrete slab 3a.

In place of the wooden wall 2, it is also possible to place wooden pillars (second wooden material) with their grain direction in the material axis direction above and below the wooden beam 1.

Furthermore, the application of the load transfer structure 10 is not limited to the joints between the wooden beams 1 and the wooden walls 2 or wooden columns. Below, another example of the present invention in which the load transfer structure 10 is applied to a different object will be described as the second embodiment. The second embodiment will be described in terms of the differences from the first embodiment, and similar configurations will be denoted by the same reference numerals in the figures and the like and will not be described again.

Second Embodiment
(1. Load Transfer Structure 10)
Figures 11 and 12 are diagrams showing a joint between a wooden pillar 7 and a wooden beam 9 to which a load transfer structure 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. Figure 11 is a perspective view of the joint between the wooden pillar 7 and the wooden beam 9, and Figure 12 is an elevation view of the joint. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment mainly in that a load transfer structure 10 is applied to the joint between the wooden pillar 7 and the wooden beam 9. This joint is a point where the wooden pillar 7 is rigidly joined to the wooden beams 9 on both sides thereof in a rigid frame structure consisting of the wooden pillar 7 and the wooden beam 9.

The wooden pillar 7 is a through pillar, and is a wood material (first wood material) whose fiber direction is the axial direction (corresponding to the up-down direction in Figs. 11 and 12). It is preferable to use laminated timber, which is strong only in the axial direction, for the wooden pillar 7, but lumber, BP lumber, etc. may also be used.

The wooden beam 9 is a wooden material (second wooden material) similar to the wooden beam 1 described above, but is not a through beam, but is arranged side by side with the wooden pillar 7, and the wooden pillar 7 is joined to the wooden beam 9 on its side. The horizontal direction corresponds to the fiber direction of the wooden beam 9 and the direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the wooden pillar 7, and the wooden pillar 7 is located next to the wooden beam 9 in the fiber direction (to the left or right of the wooden beam 9).

Steel plates 3 are placed between the left and right sides of the wooden pillar 7 and the left and right wooden beams 9 as anti-sinking plates. It is preferable to install two steel plates 3 at positions corresponding to the vertical ends of the wooden beam 9, and a filler 6 such as mortar is filled between the two steel plates 3. The vertical direction corresponds to the material axis direction of the wooden pillar 7. The steel plates 3 and the wooden pillar 7 are bonded with an adhesive (not shown).

The configuration of the anti-sinking rebars 4 and reinforcing bars 5 is the same as that of the first embodiment, rotated 90° in a vertical plane. For example, the anti-sinking rebars 4 and reinforcing bars 5 are arranged in the normal direction of the steel plate 3, i.e., perpendicular to the grain of the wooden pillar 7, and holes for placing the anti-sinking rebars 4 or reinforcing bars 5 are formed in the wooden pillar 7, wooden beam 9, and steel plate 3 in the direction perpendicular to the grain of the wooden pillar 7. These holes are filled with an adhesive (not shown).

(2. Method of joining wooden pillar 7 and wooden beam 9)
To join the wooden pillar 7 and the wooden beam 9, the wooden beam 9 is first installed as shown in Figure 13(a), and then the wooden pillar 7, which has already been fitted with a steel plate 3 and a steel bar 4 to prevent embedding, is moved to the right of it as shown by the arrow in Figure 13(b), and the wooden pillar 7 is installed.

The end of the wooden beam 9 opposite the wooden pillar 7 is joined to a pillar (not shown). The joining method varies depending on the structure of the pillar. For example, if the pillar is a wooden pillar, the reinforcing bar protruding from the wooden pillar can be inserted into a hole (not shown) in the wooden beam 9 and the hole can be filled with a filler material.

The lower end of the wooden pillar 7 is joined to the upper end of a pillar (not shown). The joining method also differs depending on the structure of the pillar. For example, if the pillar is a wooden pillar, it is possible to insert the reinforcing bar protruding upward from the wooden pillar into a hole (not shown) at the lower end of the wooden pillar 7 as described above, and fill the hole with filler. In this case, the wooden pillar 7 needs to be installed by dropping it vertically downward as shown by the arrow in Figure 13 (b), but if a different joining method is used, the wooden pillar 7 can be moved horizontally and placed to the side of the wooden beam 9, for example.

After the wooden pillar 7 is installed to the right of the wooden beam 9 as shown in FIG. 13(c), the reinforcing steel bar 5 is placed, and the holes of the wooden pillar 7 and the wooden beam 9 into which the reinforcing steel bar 5 has been inserted are filled with adhesive, and the filler material 6 is filled. Then, as shown in FIG. 13(d), the wooden beam 9 to the right of the wooden pillar 7 is moved horizontally, and the protruding part of the reinforcing steel bar 5 protruding from the steel plate 3 on the right side of the wooden pillar 7 is inserted into the hole 91 in the material axis direction of the wooden beam 9, and the wooden beam 9 is installed to the right of the wooden pillar 7 as shown in FIG. 13(e). After this, the hole 91 is filled with adhesive and the filler material 6, and the wooden pillar 7 and the wooden beam 9 are joined. The adhesive can be filled into the hole 91, for example, through an injection hole (not shown) provided in the wooden beam 9. By repeating the steps of FIG. 13(a) to (e), the wooden pillar 7 and the wooden beam 9 are constructed in order toward the right side.

In the second embodiment, by applying a load transfer structure 10 having a steel plate 3 and a compression prevention rebar 4 to the joint between the wooden pillar 7 and the wooden beam 9, compression of the wooden beam 9 into the wooden pillar 7 caused by bending of the wooden beam 9 due to a long-term load can be suppressed, and the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. During construction, the wooden beam 9 can be moved laterally to insert the protruding portion of the reinforcing bar 5 protruding from the wooden pillar 7 into the hole 91 in the wooden beam 9. It is also possible to construct the wooden pillar 7 and wooden beam 9 in order from left to right in the same manner as in FIG. 13.

In the second embodiment, the wooden beams 9 are joined only to the left and right of the wooden pillar 7, but in addition to this, it is possible to join the wooden beams 9 to the front and back of the wooden pillar 7 by applying a similar load transfer structure 10. In this case, the anti-sinking rebars 4 and reinforcing rebars 5 used to join the front and back wooden beams 9 are placed at different heights than the anti-sinking rebars 4 and reinforcing rebars 5 used to join the left and right wooden beams 9. Also, instead of the wooden beams 9, it is possible to join a wooden wall 2 using CLT with the fiber direction horizontal to the wooden pillar 7 via the above-mentioned load transfer structure 10.

The above describes preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can come up with various modified or revised examples within the scope of the technical ideas disclosed in this application, and it is understood that these also naturally fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

1, 9: Wooden beam 2: Wooden wall 3: Steel plate 3a: Concrete slab 4: Anti-sinking steel bar 5: Reinforcing steel bar 6: Filler 7: Wooden pillar 10, 10a: Load transfer structure 11, 13, 21, 32, 91: Hole 12, 14: Adhesive 20: Wooden board 22: Neutral axis 23: Groove

Claims (4)

A load transfer structure between a first wooden member and a second wooden member,
the first wooden material is a wooden beam,
The first wood material and the second wood material, whose fiber directions are perpendicular to each other, are arranged so that the second wood material is located above or below the first wood material,
Between the first wood material and the second wood material, a plate material for preventing embedding is disposed at a position corresponding to both ends of the upper surface or the lower surface of the second wood material , and a filler is filled between the plate materials for preventing embedding at both ends;
The first wood material has a hole formed in a direction perpendicular to the grain of the first wood material, and a reinforcing bar that is in contact with the reinforcing plate material is placed in the hole and filled with an adhesive,
A reinforcing steel bar is arranged so as to straddle the first wood material and the second wood material,
The reinforcing steel bars are arranged in holes in the first wood material, the second wood material, and the anti-burrowing plate material, and an adhesive is filled in the holes;
The anti-slip plate is installed within a range from a compression edge to a neutral axis when a bending moment in a plane including the first and second wood materials is applied to the second wood material;
A load transfer structure characterized in that the number of anti -sinking steel bars located at the center of the plane of the anti-sinking plate material and on the compression edge side of the reinforcing steel bars is the same as or greater than the number of anti-sinking steel bars (a number greater than or equal to one) located at the center and on the neutral axis side of the reinforcing steel bars. A method for constructing a load transfer structure for a first wooden material and a second wooden material, the first wooden material being a wooden beam, the first wooden material and the second wooden material being arranged such that the fiber directions of the first wooden material and the second wooden material are perpendicular to each other, the second wooden material being positioned above or below the first wooden material, a compressive deformation prevention plate being arranged between the first wooden material and the second wooden material at positions corresponding to both ends of the upper or lower surface of the second wooden material , and a filler being filled between the compressive deformation prevention plate at both ends, holes being formed in the first wooden material in a direction perpendicular to the fiber direction of the first wooden material, a compressive deformation prevention steel bar being arranged in the hole in contact with the compressive deformation prevention plate and filled with an adhesive, and a reinforcing steel bar being arranged so as to straddle the first wooden material and the second wooden material, the reinforcing steel bar being arranged in the holes of the first wooden material, the second wooden material, and the compressive deformation prevention plate, and the holes being filled with an adhesive ,
The method includes a step of installing the first wood material and the second wood material,
A construction method characterized by moving and installing the first wooden material with the anti-sinking plate material installed within the range from the compression edge to the neutral axis, and the number of anti-sinking rebars located at the center of the plane of the anti-sinking plate material and on the compression edge side of the reinforcing rebars being the same as or greater than the number of anti-sinking rebars (a number greater than or equal to one) located at the center and on the neutral axis side of the reinforcing rebars when an in-plane bending moment including the first and second wooden materials is applied to the second wooden material. A load transfer structure for a first wooden material and a second wooden material, the first wooden material being a wooden beam, the second wooden material being a wooden wall formed by overlapping the board surfaces of two wooden boards having grooves on their board surfaces, the first wooden material and the second wooden material being arranged such that the second wooden material is located above or below the first wooden material, and a sink-in prevention board is arranged between the first wooden material and the second wooden material at positions corresponding to both ends of the upper or lower surface of the second wooden material. a filler is filled between the compression-prevention plate materials at both ends, holes are formed in the first wood material in a direction perpendicular to the grain of the first wood material, compression-prevention steel bars are placed in the holes in contact with the compression-prevention plate material and filled with an adhesive, and a reinforcing steel bar is placed so as to straddle the first wood material and the second wood material, the reinforcing steel bar is placed in the holes of the first wood material, the second wood material, and the compression-prevention plate material, and the holes are filled with an adhesive,
The step of installing the first wood material and the second wood material is included,
A construction method characterized in that, when an in-plane bending moment including the first and second wooden materials is applied to the second wooden material, the first wooden material is moved and installed with the anti -sagging plate material installed within the range from the compression edge to the neutral axis, and the number of anti-sagging steel bars attached that are located at the center of the plane of the anti-sagging plate material and on the compression edge side of the reinforcing steel bars equal to or greater than the number of anti-sagging steel bars located at the center and on the neutral axis side of the reinforcing steel bars (a number of one or more) , and then, from a state in which the reinforcing steel bars protrude from the anti-sagging plate material, the plate surfaces of the two wooden boards are overlapped so that the protruding parts of the reinforcing steel bars are sandwiched between the grooves, and the adhesive is filled into the holes formed by the grooves of the two wooden boards, thereby installing the second wooden material . A load transfer structure for a first wooden material and a second wooden material, the first wooden material being a wooden pillar, the second wooden material being a wooden beam, the first wooden material and the second wooden material being orthogonal in fiber direction to each other, the second wooden material being positioned to the left or right of the first wooden material, and a sink-in prevention plate material being disposed between the first wooden material and the second wooden material at positions corresponding to both ends of the left side surface or the right side surface of the second wooden material , A method for constructing a load transfer structure, comprising: filling a space between planks; forming holes in the first wood material in a direction perpendicular to the grain of the first wood material; disposing a compressive-inhibiting rebar in contact with the compressive-inhibiting plank in the hole and filling the hole with an adhesive; and disposing a reinforcing bar across the first wood material and the second wood material; disposing the reinforcing bar in the hole in the first wood material, the second wood material, and the compressive-inhibiting plank; and filling the hole with an adhesive,
The step of installing the first wood material and the second wood material is included,
A construction method characterized in that, when an in-plane bending moment including the first and second wooden materials is applied to the second wooden material, the first wooden material is moved and installed with the anti -sagging plate material installed within the range from the compression edge to the neutral axis, and the number of anti-sagging steel bars located at the center of the plane of the anti-sagging plate material and on the compression edge side of the reinforcing steel bars attached is the same as or greater than the number of anti-sagging steel bars located at the center and on the neutral axis side of the reinforcing steel bars (a number of 1 or more) , and then the second wooden material is moved laterally from a state in which the reinforcing steel bars protrude from the anti-sagging plate material so that the protruding part of the reinforcing steel bars is inserted into the hole in the material axis direction of the second wooden material , and the adhesive is filled into the hole, thereby installing the second wooden material .

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