JP7615004B2

JP7615004B2 - Circuit Board Screw Terminal Block

Info

Publication number: JP7615004B2
Application number: JP2021176065A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 雅貴重藤; 芳一北嶋
Original assignee: Rhythm Co Ltd
Current assignee: Rhythm Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-10-28
Filing date: 2021-10-28
Publication date: 2025-01-16
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-28
Also published as: JP2023065746A

Description

本発明は、回路基板のネジ端子台に関する。 The present invention relates to a screw terminal block for a circuit board.

例えば、一般家電、民生機器、車載機器等（以下、電子機器と総称する）に内蔵された回路基板には多数の電子部品が実装されると共に、例えば、回路基板の近傍に配設された別の回路基板（以下、相手側基板と称する）等と電気的に接続する場合には、回路基板上にネジ端子台が設けられる。例えば特許文献１に記載のように、ネジ端子台は、合成樹脂製のホルダに金属製の端子を組み付けてなり、端子の下端部が回路基板上にハンダ付けされる。端子の天面部にはバーリング加工等により雌ネジが形成されており、相手側基板から延設された配線の丸型端子或いはバスバーの先端部等がビスにより天面部に締結される。 For example, a large number of electronic components are mounted on a circuit board built into a general home appliance, consumer device, in-vehicle device, etc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as electronic devices), and a screw terminal block is provided on the circuit board when, for example, an electrical connection is made to another circuit board (hereinafter referred to as a mating board) disposed near the circuit board. For example, as described in Patent Document 1, a screw terminal block is formed by assembling a metal terminal into a synthetic resin holder, and the lower end of the terminal is soldered onto the circuit board. A female screw is formed on the top surface of the terminal by burring or the like, and the round terminal or the tip of the bus bar of the wiring extending from the mating board is fastened to the top surface with a screw.

特開２０１３－５４８８２号公報JP 2013-54882 A

しかしながら、特許文献１のネジ端子台は、特にバスバーを接続する場合に不具合が生じる。
剛体であるバスバーの先端部の位置は、回路基板と相手側基板との相対的な位置関係、或いはバスバーの形状等の諸条件により定まり、必然的にネジ端子台の天面部の雌ネジの位置と、バスバーの先端部のネジ孔の位置とが完全に一致しない場合がある。バスバーの面に沿ったＸ方向及びＹ方向の位置ズレは、例えばバスバーのネジ孔を拡大する等の対策により吸収できるものの、バスバーの面と直交するＺ方向（回路基板に対する接離方向）の位置ズレに関しては有効な対策がない。 However, the screw terminal block of Patent Document 1 causes problems, particularly when connecting a bus bar.
The position of the tip of the busbar, which is a rigid body, is determined by various conditions such as the relative positional relationship between the circuit board and the mating board or the shape of the busbar, and inevitably there are cases where the position of the female screw on the top surface of the screw terminal block and the position of the screw hole at the tip of the busbar do not perfectly match. Although misalignment in the X and Y directions along the surface of the busbar can be absorbed by measures such as enlarging the screw hole of the busbar, there is no effective measure for misalignment in the Z direction (the direction in which the busbar approaches and moves away from the circuit board), which is perpendicular to the surface of the busbar.

従って、この場合にはバスバーを無理に撓ませた状態でネジ端子台に締結することになり、バスバーの反力により、例えば回路基板に対する端子のハンダ付けの部位等に残留応力が発生する。結果として、長期に亘る残留応力によりハンダ付けの部位等にクラックが生じる等のトラブルの虞があり、製品としての信頼性の点で今一つ改良の余地があった。 In this case, the bus bar is forcibly bent when it is fastened to the screw terminal block, and the reaction force of the bus bar generates residual stress, for example, in the area where the terminal is soldered to the circuit board. As a result, there is a risk of problems such as cracks occurring in the soldered area due to residual stress over a long period of time, and there is still room for improvement in terms of product reliability.

本発明はこのような問題点を解決するためになされたもので、その目的とするところは、天面部に対してバスバーの先端部が回路基板の接離方向に位置ズレを生じている場合であっても、バスバーの反力により端子のハンダ付けの部位等に生じる残留応力に起因するトラブルを未然に防止でき、これにより信頼性を向上することができる回路基板のネジ端子台を提供することにある。 The present invention was made to solve these problems, and its purpose is to provide a screw terminal block for a circuit board that can prevent problems caused by residual stresses that occur at the soldered parts of the terminals due to the reaction force of the bus bar, even if the tip of the bus bar is misaligned with respect to the top surface in the direction in which the circuit board is attached or removed, thereby improving reliability.

上記の目的を達成するため、本発明の回路基板のネジ端子台は、回路基板に実装されて、バスバーが締結される回路基板のネジ端子台において、回路基板上にハンダ付けされる固定端子と、バスバーが締結されるネジ部が天面部に形成された可動端子と、固定端子及び可動端子が組み付けられた合成樹脂製のホルダと、を備え、可動端子は、ホルダによりネジ部を中心とした回転を規制され、且つホルダに案内されて回路基板に対する接離方向への位置変位が許容されると共に、弾性接点を介して固定端子との導通が保たれていることを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the screw terminal block for a circuit board of the present invention is a screw terminal block for a circuit board that is mounted on a circuit board and to which a bus bar is fastened, and is characterized in that it comprises a fixed terminal soldered onto the circuit board, a movable terminal having a screw portion formed on the top surface to which the bus bar is fastened, and a synthetic resin holder to which the fixed terminal and the movable terminal are assembled, and the movable terminal is restricted from rotating around the screw portion by the holder, and is guided by the holder to allow positional displacement in the direction toward and away from the circuit board, while electrical continuity with the fixed terminal is maintained via an elastic contact.

このように構成した回路基板のネジ端子台によれば、可動端子の天面部に対してバスバーが回路基板の接離方向に位置ズレを生じている場合には、それに応じて可動端子が位置変位すると共に、弾性接点により両端子間の導通が保たれる。バスバーは無理に撓むことなく可動端子に締結されることから、バスバーの反力に起因して回路基板と固定端子とのハンダ付けの部位等に発生する残留応力が抑制される。 With a screw terminal block for a circuit board configured in this way, if the bus bar is misaligned with respect to the top surface of the movable terminal in the direction in which the circuit board moves toward or away from the bus bar, the movable terminal will displace accordingly, and the elastic contacts will maintain electrical continuity between the two terminals. Because the bus bar is fastened to the movable terminal without being forcibly bent, residual stress caused by the reaction force of the bus bar at the soldered portion between the circuit board and the fixed terminal is suppressed.

その他の態様として、固定端子及び可動端子は、少なくとも可動端子が回路基板から離間する方向に位置変位したときに、互いに係合して所定位置で可動端子の位置変位を規制する固定側係合部及び可動側係合部がそれぞれ形成されていてもよい。 In another embodiment, the fixed terminal and the movable terminal may each be formed with a fixed side engaging portion and a movable side engaging portion that engage with each other to regulate the positional displacement of the movable terminal at a predetermined position, at least when the movable terminal is displaced in a direction away from the circuit board.

このように構成した場合には、固定側係合部と可動側係合部との係合により、ホルダに対して固定端子及び可動端子が分離を防止され、これによりネジ端子台が１つの製品として組付状態に保たれる。このため、ねじ端子台の流通途中での部品の脱落・紛失が防止されると共に、回路基板への実装作業ではねじ端子台を取り扱い易くなる。 When configured in this way, the fixed terminal and the movable terminal are prevented from separating from the holder by the engagement between the fixed side engaging portion and the movable side engaging portion, and the screw terminal block is maintained in an assembled state as a single product. This prevents parts from falling off or being lost during distribution of the screw terminal block, and makes the screw terminal block easier to handle when mounting it on a circuit board.

その他の態様として、ホルダは、回路基板との当接面に複数のリードが突設され、ネジ端子台が回路基板に実装された状態では、回路基板に形成された嵌合孔内に各リードがそれぞれ嵌入されるようにしてもよい。 In another embodiment, the holder may have multiple leads protruding from the contact surface with the circuit board, and when the screw terminal block is mounted on the circuit board, each lead may be fitted into a fitting hole formed in the circuit board.

このように構成した場合には、ホルダによりネジ部を中心とした可動端子の回転が規制され、リードを介して回路基板によりネジ部を中心としたホルダの回転が規制される。結果として、バスバーが締結される際に可動端子に入力された回転力には、ホルダを介して回路基板が対抗し、固定端子には回転力が伝達されない。このため、回転力に起因して回路基板と固定端子とのハンダ付けの部位等にクラックが発生する事態が防止される。 When configured in this way, the holder restricts the rotation of the movable terminal around the screw portion, and the circuit board via the lead restricts the rotation of the holder around the screw portion. As a result, the rotational force input to the movable terminal when the busbar is fastened is countered by the circuit board via the holder, and the rotational force is not transmitted to the fixed terminal. This prevents the occurrence of cracks due to the rotational force at the soldered portion between the circuit board and the fixed terminal.

その他の態様として、ホルダは、バスバーの一側に当接して締結時の回り止めを果たす掛止部が一体形成されていてもよい。 In another embodiment, the holder may be integrally formed with a latch that abuts against one side of the busbar to prevent it from rotating when fastened.

このように構成した場合には、可動端子の天面部にバスバーを締結する際には、掛止部によりバスバーが回り止めされて容易に締結可能となる。そして、掛止部が一体形成されたホルダは合成樹脂製のため、回路基板の仕様変更等に伴ってバスバーの姿勢等が変更された場合には、それに応じて掛止部の形状を容易に変更可能となる。 When configured in this way, when fastening the busbar to the top surface of the movable terminal, the busbar is prevented from rotating by the hook, making it easy to fasten. In addition, since the holder with which the hook is integrally formed is made of synthetic resin, if the position of the busbar is changed due to a change in the specifications of the circuit board, the shape of the hook can be easily changed accordingly.

その他の態様として、ネジ部は、可動端子の天面部に形成された雌ネジであり、ホルダは、雌ネジと連通する切粉封入空間が形成されていてもよい。 In another embodiment, the screw portion may be a female screw formed on the top surface of the movable terminal, and the holder may be formed with a chip-containing space that communicates with the female screw.

このように構成した場合には、例えば可動端子の天面部にバスバーを締結すべく、天面部の雌ネジにビスが螺合されると切粉が発生する。この切粉は切粉封入空間に落下して捕捉されるため、切粉に起因する回路基板の短絡等のトラブルが防止される。 When configured in this way, for example, when a screw is screwed into the female thread on the top surface of the movable terminal to fasten a bus bar to the top surface, chips are generated. These chips fall into the chip containment space and are captured, preventing problems such as short circuits in the circuit board caused by chips.

その他の態様として、ホルダは、回路基板側に開口する位置変位規制部、及び回路基板とは反対側に開口して位置変位規制部と連通する可動端子挿入部が形成され、可動端子は、天面部の一側に折曲形成された可動側面部がホルダの可動端子挿入部に挿入配置されると共に、可動側面部に可動側係合部としてランスが形成され、固定端子は、回路基板にハンダ付けされる底面部を有し、底面部の一側に折曲形成された固定側面部がホルダの位置変位規制部に挿入配置されると共に、固定側面部に固定側係合部としてランスが嵌まり込む係合孔が形成され、係合孔の内周にランスを当接させて可動端子の位置変位を規制するようにしてもよい。 In another embodiment, the holder is formed with a position displacement regulating section that opens on the circuit board side, and a movable terminal insertion section that opens on the opposite side of the circuit board and communicates with the position displacement regulating section, the movable terminal has a movable side section that is bent and formed on one side of the top surface section and inserted into the movable terminal insertion section of the holder, and a lance is formed on the movable side section as a movable side engagement section, the fixed terminal has a bottom surface section that is soldered to the circuit board, a fixed side section that is bent and formed on one side of the bottom surface section and inserted into the position displacement regulating section of the holder, and an engagement hole into which the lance fits is formed on the fixed side section as a fixed side engagement section, and the lance may be abutted against the inner circumference of the engagement hole to regulate the position displacement of the movable terminal.

このように構成した場合には、固定端子の固定側面部に形成された係合孔内に可動端子の可動側面部に形成されたランスが嵌まり込む。可動端子が位置変位すると、固定端子の係合孔の内周にランスが当接して可動端子の位置変位が所定位置で規制される。 When configured in this way, the lance formed on the movable side surface of the movable terminal fits into the engagement hole formed on the fixed side surface of the fixed terminal. When the movable terminal is displaced, the lance abuts against the inner circumference of the engagement hole of the fixed terminal, restricting the displacement of the movable terminal at a predetermined position.

その他の態様として、位置変位規制部の内壁に、固定端子の固定側面部が位置変位規制部に挿入されるときに、ランスとの干渉による固定側面部の撓みを許容して係合孔にランスを嵌め込む逃げ部が形成されていてもよい。 In another embodiment, the inner wall of the position displacement regulating portion may be formed with a clearance portion that allows the fixed side portion of the fixed terminal to bend due to interference with the lance when the fixed side portion is inserted into the position displacement regulating portion, and allows the lance to be fitted into the engagement hole.

このように構成した場合には、固定端子の固定側面部が位置変位規制部に挿入される過程では、固定側面部の先端がランスと干渉して力を受けるが、逃げ部により固定側面部の撓みが許容されて位置変位許容部に挿入可能となる。そして、固定側面部の係合孔にランスが嵌まり込むと位置変位許容部への挿入が完了し、この状態の固定側面部は逃げ部と一致しなくなるため撓みを規制され、その係合孔の内周面にランスが当接可能となる。 When configured in this manner, during the process of inserting the fixed side portion of the fixed terminal into the position displacement restricting portion, the tip of the fixed side portion interferes with the lance and receives a force, but the relief portion allows the fixed side portion to flex and allows it to be inserted into the position displacement allowing portion. Then, when the lance fits into the engagement hole of the fixed side portion, insertion into the position displacement allowing portion is complete, and in this state the fixed side portion no longer coincides with the relief portion, so flexure is restricted and the lance can abut against the inner peripheral surface of the engagement hole.

その他の態様として、ホルダは、回路基板側に開口して位置変位規制部と連通する接点接触部が形成され、弾性接点は、固定端子の底面部の一側に固定側面部と共に折曲形成されて接点接触部に挿入配置され、可動端子の可動側面部に弾性をもって当接して導通を保つようにしてもよい。 In another embodiment, the holder may be formed with a contact point portion that opens on the circuit board side and communicates with the position displacement regulating portion, and the elastic contact may be bent together with the fixed side portion on one side of the bottom surface of the fixed terminal and inserted into the contact point portion, elastically abutting against the movable side portion of the movable terminal to maintain electrical continuity.

このように構成した場合には、固定端子の底面部から固定側面部及び弾性接点を折曲形成しただけの簡単な構成により、固定端子には、可動端子側のランスに対する係合機能と、可動端子側の可動側面部に対する導通機能とが集約され、固定端子を安価且つ小型に製作可能となる。 When configured in this way, the fixed terminal has a simple structure in which the fixed side surface and elastic contacts are simply bent from the bottom surface of the fixed terminal, and the fixed terminal has both an engagement function with the lance on the movable terminal side and a conductive function with the movable side surface on the movable terminal side, making it possible to manufacture the fixed terminal cheaply and compactly.

その他の態様として、可動端子挿入部、位置変位規制部及び接点接触部は、ホルダの切粉封入空間を挟んだ両側にそれぞれ形成され、可動端子は、天面部の両側にそれぞれランスを有する可動側面部が折曲形成されて、各可動側面部がホルダの可動端子挿入部にそれぞれ挿入配置され、固定端子は、底面部の両側にそれぞれ係合孔を有する固定側面部及び弾性接点が折曲形成されて、各固定側面部がホルダの位置変位規制部にそれぞれ挿入配置されると共に、各弾性接点がホルダの接点接触部にそれぞれ挿入配置されていてもよい。 In other embodiments, the movable terminal insertion portion, the position displacement regulating portion, and the contact contact portion may be formed on both sides of the chip containment space of the holder, the movable terminal may have movable side portions with lances on both sides of the top surface portion bent, and each movable side portion may be inserted into the movable terminal insertion portion of the holder, and the fixed terminal may have fixed side portions with engagement holes and elastic contacts bent on both sides of the bottom surface portion, and each fixed side portion may be inserted into the position displacement regulating portion of the holder, and each elastic contact may be inserted into the contact contact portion of the holder.

このように構成した場合には、ホルダの切粉封入空間を挟んだ両側に可動端子挿入部、位置変位規制部及び接点接触部が形成される。そして、可動端子挿入部には可動端子の両側の可動側面部が挿入配置され、位置変位規制部には固定端子の両側の固定側面部が挿入配置され、接点接触部には固定端子の両側の弾性接点が挿入配置される。結果としてホルダ内に無駄なスペースを形成することなく各構成要素が配置される。 When configured in this manner, a movable terminal insertion portion, a position displacement regulating portion, and a contact contact portion are formed on both sides of the chip-containing space of the holder. The movable side portions on both sides of the movable terminal are inserted and positioned in the movable terminal insertion portion, the fixed side portions on both sides of the fixed terminal are inserted and positioned in the position displacement regulating portion, and the elastic contacts on both sides of the fixed terminal are inserted and positioned in the contact contact portion. As a result, each component is positioned without creating any wasted space within the holder.

本発明の回路基板のネジ端子台によれば、天面部に対してバスバーの先端部が回路基板の接離方向に位置ズレを生じている場合であっても、バスバーの反力により端子のハンダ付けの部位等に生じる残留応力に起因するトラブルを未然に防止でき、これにより信頼性を向上することができる。 The screw terminal block for the circuit board of the present invention can prevent problems caused by residual stresses that occur at the soldered parts of the terminals due to the reaction force of the bus bar, even if the tip of the bus bar is misaligned with respect to the top surface in the direction in which the circuit board is attached or removed, thereby improving reliability.

実施形態の回路基板のネジ端子台を示す斜視図である。FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a screw terminal block of the circuit board according to the embodiment. ネジ端子台を示す分解斜視図である。FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the screw terminal block. 回路基板、ネジ端子台及びバスバーを示す分解斜視図である。FIG. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing a circuit board, a screw terminal block, and a bus bar. ネジ端子台を示す平面図である。FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the screw terminal block. 図４のV-V線断面に相当する斜視図である。FIG. 5 is a perspective view corresponding to the cross section taken along line V-V in FIG. 4 . 可動端子が没入位置にあるときのネジ端子台を示す図５のVI-VI線断面図である。6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. 5 , showing the screw terminal block when the movable terminal is in a retracted position. 図５のVII-VII線断面図である。FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG. 5 . 図６のVIII-VIII線断面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in FIG. 6 . 可動端子が突出位置にあるときのネジ端子台を示す図６に対応する断面図である。7 is a cross-sectional view corresponding to FIG. 6, showing the screw terminal block when the movable terminal is in a protruding position. ホルダに固定端子を組み付けるときのネジ端子台を示す説明図である。11 is an explanatory diagram showing the screw terminal block when the fixed terminal is attached to the holder; FIG.

以下、本発明を具体化した回路基板のネジ端子台の一実施形態を説明する。
図１は、本実施形態の回路基板のネジ端子台を示す斜視図、図２は、ネジ端子台を示す分解斜視図、図３は、回路基板、ネジ端子台及びバスバーを示す分解斜視図である。以下の説明では、図２中の回路基板の面に沿った互いに直交する２方向をＸ方向及びＹ方向と称し、これらと直交する方向をＺ方向と称する。 DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a screw terminal block for a circuit board according to the present invention will now be described.
Fig. 1 is a perspective view showing a screw terminal block of a circuit board of this embodiment, Fig. 2 is an exploded perspective view showing the screw terminal block, and Fig. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the circuit board, the screw terminal block, and the bus bar. In the following description, two mutually orthogonal directions along the surface of the circuit board in Fig. 2 are referred to as the X-direction and the Y-direction, and the direction orthogonal to these directions is referred to as the Z-direction.

本実施形態のネジ端子台１が実装される回路基板２は、電気自動車の車載機器の１つであるモータ駆動用インバータに内蔵されるものであり、回路基板２上には、インバータの動作を制御するための図示しない電子部品が実装されている。インバータ内の回路基板２の近傍には別の回路基板等（相手側基板）が配設され、この相手側基板と回路基板２とをバスバー６を介して電気的に接続するために、回路基板２上にネジ端子台１が実装される。 The circuit board 2 on which the screw terminal block 1 of this embodiment is mounted is built into a motor drive inverter, which is one of the on-board devices of an electric vehicle, and electronic components (not shown) for controlling the operation of the inverter are mounted on the circuit board 2. Another circuit board (counter board) is disposed near the circuit board 2 inside the inverter, and the screw terminal block 1 is mounted on the circuit board 2 to electrically connect the counter board and the circuit board 2 via the bus bar 6.

全体としてネジ端子台１は、回路基板２上にハンダ付けされる固定端子３、バスバー６の先端部が締結される可動端子４、及び固定端子３と可動端子４が組み付けられるホルダ５により構成されている。 Overall, the screw terminal block 1 is composed of a fixed terminal 3 that is soldered onto the circuit board 2, a movable terminal 4 to which the tip of the bus bar 6 is fastened, and a holder 5 to which the fixed terminal 3 and the movable terminal 4 are assembled.

固定端子３は、底面部８、２片の固定側面部９、及び４片の弾性接点１０からなり、プレスにより金属板を所期の形状に折曲形成して製作されている。底面部８は四角状をなし、図示しない多数の電子部品と共に回路基板２上にハンダ付けされる。Ｘ方向における底面部８の両側には、それぞれ固定側面部９及び２片の弾性接点１０が回路基板２から離間する方向（図１～３の上方）に向けて折曲形成されている。詳しくは、各固定側面部９は底面部８に対して直角状をなして配設され、それらの固定側面部９を挟んだＹ方向の両側でそれぞれ弾性接点１０が底面部８に対して直角よりも若干鈍角状をなして配設されている。 The fixed terminal 3 is made of a bottom portion 8, two fixed side portions 9, and four elastic contacts 10, and is manufactured by bending a metal plate into a desired shape using a press. The bottom portion 8 is rectangular, and is soldered onto the circuit board 2 together with a number of electronic components (not shown). On both sides of the bottom portion 8 in the X direction, the fixed side portions 9 and two elastic contacts 10 are bent toward the direction away from the circuit board 2 (upward in Figures 1 to 3). In more detail, each fixed side portion 9 is disposed at a right angle to the bottom portion 8, and on both sides of the fixed side portions 9 in the Y direction, the elastic contacts 10 are disposed at an angle slightly obtuse than a right angle to the bottom portion 8.

各固定側面部９は四角状をなし、各固定側面部９のＹ方向の両側縁にはそれぞれ三角状の圧入爪９ａが形成され、各固定側面部９の略中央には四角状をなす係合孔９ｂ（本発明の「固定側係合部」に相当）が貫設されている。また、各弾性接点１０は四角状をなして先端部が屈曲形成され、それぞれの屈曲箇所１０ａは隣接する固定側面部９よりもＸ方向で外側に突出している。 Each fixed side portion 9 is rectangular, with triangular press-fit claws 9a formed on both sides of each fixed side portion 9 in the Y direction, and a rectangular engagement hole 9b (corresponding to the "fixed side engagement portion" of the present invention) is provided approximately in the center of each fixed side portion 9. In addition, each elastic contact 10 is rectangular with a bent tip, and each bent portion 10a protrudes outward in the X direction further than the adjacent fixed side portion 9.

可動端子４は、天面部１１及び２片の可動側面部１２からなり、プレスにより金属板を所期の形状に折曲形成して製作されている。天面部１１は四角状をなし、中央にはバーリング加工により円筒フランジ部１１ａが回路基板２側に突出して形成されて、内周面に雌ネジ１１ｂ（本発明の「ネジ部」に相当）が形成されている。天面部１１の両側には、それぞれ可動側面部１２が回路基板２に接近する方向（図１，２の下方）に向けて直角状に折曲形成されている。各可動側面部１２の間隔は、固定端子３の固定側面部９の間隔よりも広く設定されているため、可動端子４の可動側面部１２の間に固定端子３を配置可能となっている。 The movable terminal 4 is made of a top surface portion 11 and two movable side portions 12, and is manufactured by bending a metal plate into the desired shape by pressing. The top surface portion 11 is rectangular, and a cylindrical flange portion 11a is formed in the center by burring so as to protrude toward the circuit board 2, and a female screw 11b (corresponding to the "screw portion" of the present invention) is formed on the inner peripheral surface. On both sides of the top surface portion 11, movable side portions 12 are bent at right angles toward the direction approaching the circuit board 2 (downward in Figs. 1 and 2). The spacing between the movable side portions 12 is set wider than the spacing between the fixed side portions 9 of the fixed terminals 3, so that the fixed terminals 3 can be placed between the movable side portions 12 of the movable terminals 4.

可動端子４の各可動側面部１２の略中央には、それぞれＸ方向で内側に向けてランス１２ａ（本発明の「可動側係合部」に相当）が突設されている。なお、各可動側面部１２を折曲形成する際にランス１２ａとの干渉防止のために、図示はしないが折曲形成に適用する金型には切欠きが形成されている。この切欠きにより、天面部１１と各可動側面部１２との角部には折曲不能な部位（ランス１２ａの直上）が発生するため、この部位に予め四角状の逃げ孔１３が貫設されている。 A lance 12a (corresponding to the "movable side engagement portion" of the present invention) protrudes inward in the X direction from approximately the center of each movable side portion 12 of the movable terminal 4. In order to prevent interference with the lance 12a when bending each movable side portion 12, a notch (not shown) is formed in the mold used for bending. Because of this notch, a portion that cannot be bent (directly above the lance 12a) is created at the corner between the top surface portion 11 and each movable side portion 12, so a square escape hole 13 is provided in advance in this portion.

図４は、ネジ端子台１を示す平面図、図５は、図４のV-V線断面に相当する斜視図、図６は、可動端子４が没入位置にあるときのネジ端子台１を示す図５のVI-VI線断面図、図７は、図５のVII-VII線断面図、図８は、図６のVIII-VIII線断面図、図９は、可動端子４が突出位置にあるときのネジ端子台１を示す図６に対応する断面図である。なお、図６，７は、図５ Figure 4 is a plan view showing the screw terminal block 1, Figure 5 is a perspective view corresponding to the cross section taken along line V-V in Figure 4, Figure 6 is a cross section taken along line VI-VI in Figure 5 showing the screw terminal block 1 when the movable terminal 4 is in the retracted position, Figure 7 is a cross section taken along line VII-VII in Figure 5, Figure 8 is a cross section taken along line VIII-VIII in Figure 6, and Figure 9 is a cross section corresponding to Figure 6 showing the screw terminal block 1 when the movable terminal 4 is in the protruding position. Figures 6 and 7 are cross sections corresponding to Figure 5.

ホルダ５は絶縁性の合成樹脂材料を射出成型して製作され、全体として直方体状をなしている。以下、ホルダ５の回路基板２側の面を底面１４（本発明の「当接面」に相当）、回路基板２とは反対側の面を天面１５と称する。ホルダ５の天面１５の中央には、可動端子４側から断面円形状をなす切粉封入空間１６が穿設され、切粉封入空間１６はホルダ５を貫通することなく底１６ａにより閉塞されている。 The holder 5 is manufactured by injection molding an insulating synthetic resin material, and has an overall rectangular parallelepiped shape. Hereinafter, the surface of the holder 5 facing the circuit board 2 will be referred to as the bottom surface 14 (corresponding to the "contact surface" of the present invention), and the surface opposite the circuit board 2 will be referred to as the top surface 15. A chip containment space 16 having a circular cross section is drilled from the movable terminal 4 side in the center of the top surface 15 of the holder 5, and the chip containment space 16 is closed by the bottom 16a without penetrating the holder 5.

図５，８に示すように、ホルダ５の切粉封入空間１６を挟んだＸ方向の両側には、それぞれ可動端子挿入部１７がＺ方向に貫通して形成され、可動端子挿入部１７は平面視でＹ方向に延びるスリット状をなしている。各可動端子挿入部１７のＸ方向の内側（切粉封入空間１６側）にはそれぞれ位置変位規制部１８が形成され、各位置変位規制部１８を挟んだＹ方向の両側にはそれぞれ接点接触部１９が形成されている。これらの２箇所の位置変位規制部１８及び４箇所の接点接触部１９は、それぞれ隣接する可動端子挿入部１７に連通すると共に、ホルダ５の底面１４に開口している。 As shown in Figures 5 and 8, movable terminal insertion portions 17 are formed penetrating in the Z direction on both sides of the chip containment space 16 of the holder 5 in the X direction, and the movable terminal insertion portions 17 are slit-shaped extending in the Y direction in a plan view. A positional displacement regulating portion 18 is formed on the inside of each movable terminal insertion portion 17 in the X direction (the chip containment space 16 side), and a contact contact portion 19 is formed on both sides of each positional displacement regulating portion 18 in the Y direction. These two positional displacement regulating portions 18 and four contact contact portions 19 are each connected to the adjacent movable terminal insertion portions 17 and open to the bottom surface 14 of the holder 5.

このようなホルダ５に対して天面１５側から可動端子４が組み付けられ、可動端子４の各可動側面部１２がホルダ５の可動端子挿入部１７にそれぞれ挿入配置されている。可動端子４の天面部１１はホルダ５の天面１５に当接し、可動端子４の円筒フランジ部１１ａは切粉封入空間１６内に挿入され、結果として雌ネジ１１ｂは切粉封入空間１６と連通している。各可動側面部１２は可動端子挿入部１７内を摺動してＺ方向に案内され、これにより可動端子４は、天面部１１をホルダ５の天面１５から離間させてＺ方向（本発明の「回路基板に対する接離方向」に相当）に任意に位置変位し得るようになっている。 The movable terminal 4 is attached to the holder 5 from the top surface 15 side, and each movable side portion 12 of the movable terminal 4 is inserted into the movable terminal insertion portion 17 of the holder 5. The top surface portion 11 of the movable terminal 4 abuts against the top surface 15 of the holder 5, and the cylindrical flange portion 11a of the movable terminal 4 is inserted into the chip encapsulation space 16, resulting in the female thread 11b communicating with the chip encapsulation space 16. Each movable side portion 12 slides within the movable terminal insertion portion 17 and is guided in the Z direction, so that the movable terminal 4 can be moved freely in the Z direction (corresponding to the "direction of approach to and separation from the circuit board" of the present invention) by moving the top surface portion 11 away from the top surface 15 of the holder 5.

また、固定端子３は底面１４側からホルダ５に組み付けられ、固定端子３の各固定側面部９がホルダ５の位置変位規制部１８にそれぞれ挿入配置されている。各固定側面部９の両側の圧入爪９ａは位置変位規制部１８の内壁に食い込み、これにより位置変位規制部１８からの固定側面部９の離脱、ひいてはホルダ５からの固定端子３の分離が防止されている。 The fixed terminals 3 are attached to the holder 5 from the bottom surface 14 side, and each fixed side portion 9 of the fixed terminals 3 is inserted into the position displacement regulating portion 18 of the holder 5. The press-fit claws 9a on both sides of each fixed side portion 9 bite into the inner wall of the position displacement regulating portion 18, thereby preventing the fixed side portion 9 from coming off the position displacement regulating portion 18 and thus the fixed terminals 3 from being separated from the holder 5.

そして、この状態では図５，６に示すように、固定端子３の各固定側面部９の係合孔９ｂ内に可動端子４の各可動側面部１２のランス１２ａがそれぞれ嵌まり込んでいる。このため、係合孔９ｂの上下長さの範囲内で可動端子４のＺ方向の位置変位が許容される一方、図９に示すように可動端子４が回路基板２から離間する方向に位置変位すると、その位置変位はランス１２ａが係合孔９ｂの内周に当接した位置で規制される。以下、このときの可動端子４の位置を突出位置（本発明の「所定位置」に相当）と称する。 In this state, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, the lances 12a of the movable side portions 12 of the movable terminal 4 are fitted into the engagement holes 9b of the fixed side portions 9 of the fixed terminal 3. Therefore, while the positional displacement of the movable terminal 4 in the Z direction is permitted within the range of the vertical length of the engagement holes 9b, when the movable terminal 4 is displaced in the direction away from the circuit board 2 as shown in Figure 9, the positional displacement is restricted at the position where the lance 12a abuts against the inner circumference of the engagement hole 9b. Hereinafter, the position of the movable terminal 4 at this time is referred to as the protruding position (corresponding to the "predetermined position" in the present invention).

逆に、図６に示すように可動端子４が回路基板２に接近する方向に位置変位した場合には、その天面部１１がホルダ５の天面１５に当接した位置で規制される。また、ネジ端子台１が回路基板２に実装された状態では、各可動側面部１２の先端が回路基板２上に当接することによっても、可動端子４の位置変位が規制される。以下、このときの可動端子４の位置を没入位置と称する。なお、この可動端子４の接近方向への位置変位の規制は、天面部１１或いは回路基板２の何れか一方で行うようにしてもよいし、離間方向と同じく係合孔９ｂとランス１２ａとの係合により規制してもよい。 Conversely, as shown in FIG. 6, when the movable terminal 4 is displaced in the direction approaching the circuit board 2, it is restricted at a position where its top surface 11 abuts against the top surface 15 of the holder 5. In addition, when the screw terminal block 1 is mounted on the circuit board 2, the tip of each movable side surface portion 12 abuts against the circuit board 2, thereby restricting the positional displacement of the movable terminal 4. Hereinafter, the position of the movable terminal 4 at this time is referred to as the recessed position. Note that the restriction of the positional displacement of the movable terminal 4 in the approaching direction may be performed by either the top surface portion 11 or the circuit board 2, or it may be restricted by the engagement of the engagement hole 9b and the lance 12a, as in the separating direction.

このように可動端子４は、図６に示すように、没入位置と突出位置との間のストロークＳ（例えば1.5mm）の範囲内で位置変位を許容されている。後述するように可動端子４の位置変位は、ネジ端子台１とバスバー６とのＺ方向の位置ズレを吸収する対策であるため、実際に発生し得る位置ズレを吸収可能なように、諸条件を考慮して可動端子４のストロークＳが設定されている。 As shown in Figure 6, the movable terminal 4 is thus allowed to move within the stroke S (e.g., 1.5 mm) between the retracted position and the extended position. As described below, the positional displacement of the movable terminal 4 is a measure to absorb positional displacement in the Z direction between the screw terminal block 1 and the bus bar 6, so the stroke S of the movable terminal 4 is set taking into account various conditions so that it can absorb positional displacement that may actually occur.

一方、ホルダ５への固定端子３の組み付けと共に、図５，７に示すように固定端子３の各弾性接点１０が接点接触部１９にそれぞれ挿入配置されて、その屈曲箇所１０ａが弾性をもって可動端子４の可動側面部１２に当接している。これにより固定端子３と可動端子４とが電気的に導通し、没入位置と突出位置との間で可動端子４が位置変位しても、屈曲箇所１０ａが可動側面部１２上を摺接して導通を保ち続ける。 Meanwhile, when the fixed terminal 3 is assembled into the holder 5, as shown in Figures 5 and 7, each elastic contact 10 of the fixed terminal 3 is inserted into the contact contact portion 19, and the bent portion 10a elastically abuts against the movable side portion 12 of the movable terminal 4. This allows electrical conduction between the fixed terminal 3 and the movable terminal 4, and even if the movable terminal 4 is displaced between the retracted position and the protruding position, the bent portion 10a slides over the movable side portion 12 to maintain electrical conduction.

以上の説明から明らかなように、固定端子３の底面部８から固定側面部９及び弾性接点１０を折曲形成しただけの簡単な構成により、固定端子３には、可動端子４側のランス１２ａに対する係合機能と、可動端子４側の可動側面部１２に対する導通機能とが集約されている。結果として固定端子３を安価且つ小型に製作でき、ひいてはネジ端子台１全体のコスト低減及び小型化を達成することができる。 As is clear from the above explanation, the fixed terminal 3 has a simple structure in which the fixed side portion 9 and the elastic contact 10 are simply bent from the bottom portion 8 of the fixed terminal 3, and the fixed terminal 3 has both an engagement function with the lance 12a on the movable terminal 4 side and a conductive function with the movable side portion 12 on the movable terminal 4 side. As a result, the fixed terminal 3 can be manufactured inexpensively and compactly, which in turn allows the screw terminal block 1 to be manufactured at a reduced cost and in a smaller size.

また、ホルダ５の切粉封入空間１６を挟んだＸ方向の両側に、可動端子挿入部１７、位置変位規制部１８及び接点接触部１９を形成している。そして、可動端子挿入部１７には可動端子４の両側の可動側面部１２を挿入配置し、位置変位規制部１８には固定端子３の両側の固定側面部９を挿入配置し、接点接触部１９には固定端子３の両側の弾性接点１０を挿入配置している。結果としてホルダ５内に無駄なスペースを形成することなく各構成要素が配置されるため、この点もホルダ５の小型化、ひいてはネジ端子台１全体の小型化に大きく貢献する。 In addition, a movable terminal insertion section 17, a positional displacement regulating section 18, and a contact contact section 19 are formed on both sides of the chip containment space 16 of the holder 5 in the X direction. The movable side sections 12 on both sides of the movable terminal 4 are inserted into the movable terminal insertion section 17, the fixed side sections 9 on both sides of the fixed terminal 3 are inserted into the positional displacement regulating section 18, and the elastic contacts 10 on both sides of the fixed terminal 3 are inserted into the contact contact section 19. As a result, each component is arranged without creating unnecessary space within the holder 5, which also greatly contributes to the miniaturization of the holder 5 and, ultimately, the entire screw terminal block 1.

加えて、ネジ端子台１の小型化は、回路基板２上への実装作業に関しても有利に作用する。小型化されたネジ端子台１は、抵抗やダイオード等の他の電子部品と同じく自動実装によるリフローハンダ付けを適用可能となる。即ち、リフローハンダ付けの際に、他の電子部品と共にネジ端子台１をチップマウンタにより回路基板２上の所定位置に載置し、炉での加熱を経てハンダ付けできる。このように他の電子部品を回路基板２上に自動実装する際にネジ端子台１も実装できるため、ネジ端子台１の実装のために新たな工程を設ける必要がなくなり、その実装作業を容易に実施することができる。 In addition, the miniaturization of the screw terminal block 1 also works to the advantage in terms of the mounting work on the circuit board 2. The miniaturized screw terminal block 1 can be subjected to reflow soldering by automatic mounting, just like other electronic components such as resistors and diodes. That is, during reflow soldering, the screw terminal block 1 can be placed in a predetermined position on the circuit board 2 together with other electronic components using a chip mounter, and soldered after heating in an oven. In this way, since the screw terminal block 1 can be mounted when the other electronic components are automatically mounted on the circuit board 2, there is no need to set up a new process for mounting the screw terminal block 1, and the mounting work can be carried out easily.

一方、図６，８に示すように、各位置変位規制部１８の内壁にはそれぞれ逃げ部２０が形成されている。これらの逃げ部２０は、Ｙ方向において位置変位規制部１８の幅全体に延び、Ｚ方向において同一深さでホルダ５の底面に開口する一方、反対側（天面１５側）では深さを次第に浅くした断面テーパ状をなしている。詳細は後述するが、これらの逃げ部２０は、ホルダ５に固定端子３を組み付ける際に、ランス１２ａとの干渉によって生じる固定側面部９の撓みを許容する役割を果たす。即ち、Ｚ方向において固定側面部９の先端が逃げ部２０と一致する位置では固定側面部９の撓みが許容され、逃げ部２０と一致しない位置では固定側面部９の撓みが規制される。 On the other hand, as shown in Figs. 6 and 8, a recess 20 is formed on the inner wall of each positional displacement regulating portion 18. These recesses 20 extend across the entire width of the positional displacement regulating portion 18 in the Y direction, and open to the bottom surface of the holder 5 at the same depth in the Z direction, while on the opposite side (top surface 15 side) they have a tapered cross section with a gradually shallower depth. As will be described in detail later, these recesses 20 serve to allow deflection of the fixed side portion 9 caused by interference with the lance 12a when the fixed terminal 3 is assembled to the holder 5. That is, in the Z direction, at a position where the tip of the fixed side portion 9 coincides with the recess 20, deflection of the fixed side portion 9 is allowed, and at a position where it does not coincide with the recess 20, deflection of the fixed side portion 9 is restricted.

一方、図３に示すように、ホルダ５の底面（本発明の「当接面」に相当）の四隅には円筒状のリード２１（３箇所のみ示す）が突設され、回路基板２上のネジ端子台１を実装すべき位置には、各リード２１に対応して嵌合孔２ａがそれぞれ貫設されている。回路基板２上にネジ端子台１が実装された状態では、各リード２１が嵌合孔２ａに嵌入することにより、Ｘ－Ｙ面上（回路基板２上）でのホルダ５の姿勢変化が規制されている。なお、リード２１は必ずしも４箇所に設ける必要はなく、２箇所以上に設けられていればよい。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, cylindrical leads 21 (only three are shown) protrude from the four corners of the bottom surface of the holder 5 (corresponding to the "contact surface" of the present invention), and fitting holes 2a are provided corresponding to each lead 21 at the positions on the circuit board 2 where the screw terminal block 1 should be mounted. When the screw terminal block 1 is mounted on the circuit board 2, each lead 21 fits into the fitting hole 2a, thereby restricting the change in the position of the holder 5 on the X-Y plane (on the circuit board 2). Note that the leads 21 do not necessarily need to be provided in four places; two or more places will suffice.

また、ホルダ５の天面１５には、切粉封入空間１６を挟んだＹ方向の両側にそれぞれ突条をなす掛止壁２２（本発明の「掛止部」に相当）が一体的に突設されている。掛止壁２２の間隔は、ネジ端子台１に締結されるバスバー６の幅よりも若干広く設定されている。 The top surface 15 of the holder 5 is integrally provided with protruding hanging walls 22 (corresponding to the "hanging portion" of the present invention) on both sides of the chip containment space 16 in the Y direction. The spacing between the hanging walls 22 is set slightly wider than the width of the bus bar 6 fastened to the screw terminal block 1.

次に、以上のように構成されたネジ端子台１の組付手順について説明する。
予めホルダ５、固定端子３及び可動端子４を製作した上で、まず、ホルダ５の天面１５側から可動端子４を組み付ける。可動端子４の各可動側面部１２はそれぞれ可動端子挿入部１７内に挿入配置され、これにより可動端子４の天面部１１がホルダ５の天面１５に当接し、可動端子４の円筒フランジ部１１ａが切粉封入空間１６内に挿入され、雌ネジ１１ｂが切粉封入空間１６と連通する。 Next, a procedure for assembling the screw terminal block 1 configured as above will be described.
The holder 5, fixed terminal 3, and movable terminal 4 are manufactured in advance, and then the movable terminal 4 is first assembled from the top surface 15 side of the holder 5. Each movable side portion 12 of the movable terminal 4 is inserted and arranged in the movable terminal insertion portion 17, whereby the top surface portion 11 of the movable terminal 4 abuts against the top surface 15 of the holder 5, the cylindrical flange portion 11a of the movable terminal 4 is inserted into the chip containing space 16, and the female thread 11b communicates with the chip containing space 16.

次いで、ホルダ５の底面１４側から固定端子３を組み付ける。固定端子３の各固定側面部９はそれぞれ位置変位規制部１８内に挿入配置され、その両側の圧入爪９ａが位置変位規制部１８の内壁に食い込んで離脱防止すると共に、各固定側面部９の係合孔９ｂ内に可動端子４側のランス１２ａがそれぞれ嵌まり込む。固定側面部９が位置変位規制部１８に挿入される過程では、固定側面部９の先端がランス１２ａと干渉して内方（切粉封入空間１６側）への力を受ける。 Then, the fixed terminal 3 is attached from the bottom surface 14 side of the holder 5. Each fixed side portion 9 of the fixed terminal 3 is inserted into the position displacement regulating portion 18, and the press-fitting claws 9a on both sides bite into the inner wall of the position displacement regulating portion 18 to prevent it from coming off, while the lances 12a on the movable terminal 4 side fit into the engagement holes 9b of each fixed side portion 9. During the process of inserting the fixed side portion 9 into the position displacement regulating portion 18, the tip of the fixed side portion 9 interferes with the lances 12a and receives a force inward (towards the chip containment space 16).

図１０に示すように、このときの固定側面部９の先端は、位置変位規制部１８の内壁に形成された逃げ部２０とＺ方向で一致しているため、逃げ部２０により固定側面部９の撓みが許容される。従って、ランス１２ａとの干渉による力を受けて固定側面部９は内方に撓みながら、次第に位置変位規制部１８に挿入される。そして、固定側面部９の先端がランス１２ａを乗り越えると（ランス１２ａが係合孔９ｂに嵌まり込むと）、固定側面部９は自己の弾性で元の平板形状に戻りながら、逃げ部２０の断面テーパ状の箇所に案内されて位置変位規制部１８への挿入が完了する。この状態の固定側面部９は、先端が逃げ部２０と一致しないため撓みを規制され、その係合孔９ｂの内周面にランス１２ａが当接可能となる。 As shown in FIG. 10, the tip of the fixed side portion 9 at this time coincides with the relief portion 20 formed on the inner wall of the position displacement regulating portion 18 in the Z direction, so that the relief portion 20 allows the fixed side portion 9 to bend. Therefore, the fixed side portion 9 is gradually inserted into the position displacement regulating portion 18 while bending inward due to the force caused by interference with the lance 12a. Then, when the tip of the fixed side portion 9 overcomes the lance 12a (when the lance 12a fits into the engagement hole 9b), the fixed side portion 9 returns to its original flat shape due to its own elasticity, and is guided to the tapered cross-sectional portion of the relief portion 20, completing the insertion into the position displacement regulating portion 18. In this state, the tip of the fixed side portion 9 does not coincide with the relief portion 20, so that the deflection is restricted, and the lance 12a can abut against the inner peripheral surface of the engagement hole 9b.

以上の位置変位規制部１８への固定側面部９の挿入と並行して、固定端子３の各弾性接点１０は、可動端子４側の可動側面部１２と干渉して内方（切粉封入空間１６側）に撓みながら接点接触部１９に挿入される。そして、各弾性接点１０の屈曲箇所１０ａが可動側面部１２に弾性をもって当接し、以上でネジ端子台１の組付が完了する。 In parallel with the insertion of the fixed side portion 9 into the position displacement regulating portion 18, each elastic contact 10 of the fixed terminal 3 is inserted into the contact contact portion 19 while bending inward (toward the chip encapsulation space 16) due to interference with the movable side portion 12 on the movable terminal 4 side. Then, the bent portion 10a of each elastic contact 10 elastically abuts against the movable side portion 12, and the assembly of the screw terminal block 1 is completed.

このようにネジ端子台１は簡単な手順で組み付けることができ、その構成部品も固定端子３、可動端子４及びホルダ５の３点だけある。例えば特許文献１のネジ端子台は、ホルダ及び端子からなり、それらの部品を組み付けて構成されるが、部品点数が１点増加するだけのため、僅かな製造コストの追加により実施することができる。 In this way, the screw terminal block 1 can be assembled in a simple procedure, and its components are only three parts: the fixed terminal 3, the movable terminal 4, and the holder 5. For example, the screw terminal block in Patent Document 1 is made up of a holder and a terminal, and is constructed by assembling these parts, but since the number of parts increases by only one, it can be implemented with only a slight additional manufacturing cost.

一方、組付を完了したネジ端子台１は、この状態で販路を流通して顧客に販売される。このときのネジ端子台１は、ホルダ５に対して固定端子３が圧入爪９ａにより分離を防止され、この固定端子３に対して可動端子４が係合孔９ｂとランス１２ａとの係合により分離を防止されている。即ち、１つの製品として組付状態に保たれているため、仮に個々のネジ端子台１が包装されていない場合であっても、流通途中で何れかの部品が脱落・紛失する等のトラブルを未然に防止することができる。また、顧客の下でネジ端子台１は回路基板２上に実装されるが、その際にも部品の脱落・紛失が防止されていることから、ネジ端子台１の取り扱いがし易い。従って、回路基板２への実装作業を容易に実施できるという別の効果が得られる。 On the other hand, the screw terminal block 1 that has been assembled is distributed in this state through sales channels and sold to customers. At this time, the fixed terminal 3 of the screw terminal block 1 is prevented from being separated from the holder 5 by the press-fit claw 9a, and the movable terminal 4 is prevented from being separated from the fixed terminal 3 by the engagement between the engagement hole 9b and the lance 12a. In other words, since it is maintained in an assembled state as a single product, even if the individual screw terminal blocks 1 are not packaged, it is possible to prevent problems such as any part falling off or being lost during distribution. In addition, the screw terminal block 1 is mounted on the circuit board 2 at the customer's location, and since the parts are prevented from falling off or being lost at that time, the screw terminal block 1 is easy to handle. Therefore, another effect is obtained in that the mounting work on the circuit board 2 can be easily performed.

一方、回路基板２上に実装されたネジ端子台１には、相手側基板との電気的な接続のためにバスバー６の先端部が締結される。詳しくは図３に示すように、可動端子４の天面部１１上にバスバー６の先端部が重ね合わされ、ネジ孔６ａを介してビス２３によりバスバー６が天面部１１の雌ネジ１１ｂに締結される。締結の際には、ビス２３との摩擦によりバスバー６に回転力が作用するため、作業者はバスバー６を把持して所期の姿勢に保ちながら、ドライバー等でビス２３を回転操作する必要がある。本実施形態では、天面部１１の両側に位置する掛止壁２２にバスバー６の両側が当接して回り止めする。よって、バスバー６の姿勢に注意を払うことなく、容易にネジ端子台１に締結することができる。 On the other hand, the tip of the busbar 6 is fastened to the screw terminal block 1 mounted on the circuit board 2 for electrical connection with the mating board. In detail, as shown in FIG. 3, the tip of the busbar 6 is placed on the top surface 11 of the movable terminal 4, and the busbar 6 is fastened to the female screw 11b of the top surface 11 by the screw 23 through the screw hole 6a. When fastening, a rotational force acts on the busbar 6 due to friction with the screw 23, so the worker needs to hold the busbar 6 and rotate the screw 23 with a screwdriver or the like while keeping it in the desired position. In this embodiment, both sides of the busbar 6 abut against the retaining walls 22 located on both sides of the top surface 11 to prevent it from rotating. Therefore, the busbar 6 can be easily fastened to the screw terminal block 1 without paying attention to its position.

特に本実施形態の掛止壁２２は、合成樹脂製のホルダ５に形成されているため、天面部１１上でのバスバー６の姿勢が変更された場合でも柔軟に対応できる。即ち、図３に示す例ではバスバー６がＸ方向に沿って延設されているため、それに応じてホルダ５上のＹ方向の両側に掛止壁２２を突設している。しかしながら、相手側基板との位置関係やバスバー６の形状等が仕様変更された場合には、ホルダ５上でのバスバー６の姿勢、ひいては回転規制のための掛止壁２２の形状等についても変更を要する。本実施形態では、ホルダ５を射出成型する際に掛止壁２２が形成されるため、金型形状を修正するだけで掛止壁２２の形状を容易に変更でき、必要があれば掛止壁２２を含めたホルダ５全体の形状も変更できるため、このような要求に柔軟に対応することができる。 In particular, the hanging wall 22 in this embodiment is formed on the holder 5 made of synthetic resin, so that it can flexibly respond to changes in the position of the busbar 6 on the top surface 11. That is, in the example shown in FIG. 3, the busbar 6 extends along the X direction, so the hanging walls 22 are accordingly protruded on both sides of the holder 5 in the Y direction. However, if the positional relationship with the mating board or the shape of the busbar 6 is changed, the position of the busbar 6 on the holder 5 and, in turn, the shape of the hanging wall 22 for restricting rotation must also be changed. In this embodiment, the hanging wall 22 is formed when the holder 5 is injection molded, so that the shape of the hanging wall 22 can be easily changed simply by modifying the mold shape, and if necessary, the shape of the entire holder 5 including the hanging wall 22 can also be changed, so that such requests can be flexibly responded to.

さらに、天面部１１の雌ネジ１１ｂにはタップ加工で生じた切粉が残存している場合があり、また、バスバー６の締結に伴うビス２３の螺合により雌ネジ１１ｂに新たな切粉が発生する場合もある。これらの切粉が回路基板２上に堆積すると短絡等のトラブルの要因になるが、本実施形態では、雌ネジ１１ｂで生じた切粉が切粉封入空間１６内に落下して捕捉される。従って、回路基板２の短絡等のトラブルを未然に防止でき、結果として回路基板２が用いられるインバータの信頼性を向上することができる。 Furthermore, chips generated during tapping may remain on the female thread 11b of the top surface 11, and new chips may be generated on the female thread 11b due to the screw 23 being screwed in when the busbar 6 is fastened. If these chips accumulate on the circuit board 2, they can cause problems such as short circuits. However, in this embodiment, the chips generated on the female thread 11b fall into the chip containment space 16 and are captured. Therefore, problems such as short circuits on the circuit board 2 can be prevented, and as a result, the reliability of the inverter in which the circuit board 2 is used can be improved.

一方、ネジ端子台１の可動端子４にバスバー６を締結する際には、接触不良を防止すべくドライバー等でビス２３を強く締め付けるため、ビス２３を介して可動端子４には大きな回転力が入力される。仮に、この回転力が可動端子４から固定端子３に伝達されると、固定端子３の底面部８と回路基板２とのハンダ付けの部位に直接的に回転力が作用し、クラック等のトラブルの要因になり得る。本実施形態においては、このとき可動端子４に入力された回転力にホルダ５が対抗し、固定端子３への回転力の伝達が防止されている。 On the other hand, when fastening the busbar 6 to the movable terminal 4 of the screw terminal block 1, the screw 23 is tightly tightened with a screwdriver or the like to prevent poor contact, and a large rotational force is input to the movable terminal 4 via the screw 23. If this rotational force were to be transmitted from the movable terminal 4 to the fixed terminal 3, it would act directly on the soldered portion between the bottom surface 8 of the fixed terminal 3 and the circuit board 2, which could cause problems such as cracks. In this embodiment, the holder 5 opposes the rotational force input to the movable terminal 4 at this time, preventing the transmission of the rotational force to the fixed terminal 3.

即ち、図６，８に示すように、ホルダ５の底面１４の各リード２１が回路基板２上の嵌合孔２ａに嵌入することにより、回路基板２に対するホルダ５のＸ－Ｙ面上での姿勢変化が規制されている。また、可動端子４の各可動側面部１２がホルダ５の可動端子挿入部１７に挿入配置されることにより、ホルダ５に対する可動端子４のＸ－Ｙ面上での姿勢変化が規制されており、Ｘ－Ｙ面上の姿勢変化には、雌ネジ１１ｂを中心とした可動端子４の回転も含まれる。 That is, as shown in Figures 6 and 8, each lead 21 on the bottom surface 14 of the holder 5 fits into the fitting hole 2a on the circuit board 2, thereby restricting the change in position of the holder 5 on the X-Y plane relative to the circuit board 2. Also, each movable side portion 12 of the movable terminal 4 is inserted into the movable terminal insertion portion 17 of the holder 5, thereby restricting the change in position of the movable terminal 4 on the X-Y plane relative to the holder 5, and the change in position on the X-Y plane also includes the rotation of the movable terminal 4 around the female screw 11b.

従って、ビス２３の締め付けにより可動端子４に入力された回転力はホルダ５を介して回路基板２に伝達され、回路基板２が回転力に対抗する。換言すると、回転力が入力されたときの可動端子４は、ホルダ５を介して回路基板２により回転を規制される。結果として固定端子３にはビス２３からの回転力が伝達されないため、固定端子３の底面部８と回路基板２とのハンダ付けの部位にクラックが発生する事態を未然に防止でき、その信頼性を一層向上することができる。 Therefore, the rotational force input to the movable terminal 4 by tightening the screw 23 is transmitted to the circuit board 2 via the holder 5, and the circuit board 2 resists the rotational force. In other words, when a rotational force is input, the rotation of the movable terminal 4 is restricted by the circuit board 2 via the holder 5. As a result, the rotational force from the screw 23 is not transmitted to the fixed terminal 3, so that it is possible to prevent cracks from occurring in the soldered portion between the bottom surface 8 of the fixed terminal 3 and the circuit board 2, and to further improve reliability.

また、ビス２３からの回転力が可動端子４を介して固定端子３に伝達された場合、その回転力はハンダ付けの部位のみならず、固定端子３の弾性接点１０や固定側面部９の係合孔９ｂにも作用する。これらの部位が変形すると、弾性接点１０と固定側面部９との導通状態、或いは係合孔９ｂとランス１２ａとの係合状態に支障を生じるが、固定端子３への回転力の伝達を防止したことにより、これらの不具合を防止できるという別の効果も得られる。 In addition, when the rotational force from the screw 23 is transmitted to the fixed terminal 3 via the movable terminal 4, the rotational force acts not only on the soldered portion, but also on the elastic contact 10 of the fixed terminal 3 and the engagement hole 9b of the fixed side portion 9. If these portions are deformed, this causes problems with the electrical connection between the elastic contact 10 and the fixed side portion 9, or the engagement between the engagement hole 9b and the lance 12a. However, by preventing the transmission of the rotational force to the fixed terminal 3, another effect is achieved in that these problems can be prevented.

一方、既述したように、ネジ端子台１の天面部１１とバスバー６の先端部との間には、Ｚ方向の位置ズレが生じている場合がある。例えば特許文献１に記載のネジ端子台１では、バスバー６を撓ませてネジ端子台１に締結するしかなく、結果として回路基板２上への端子のハンダ付け部位等にクラックが生じる可能性がある。 On the other hand, as mentioned above, there may be a positional misalignment in the Z direction between the top surface 11 of the screw terminal block 1 and the tip of the bus bar 6. For example, in the screw terminal block 1 described in Patent Document 1, the bus bar 6 must be bent to be fastened to the screw terminal block 1, which may result in cracks occurring in the soldered portion of the terminal on the circuit board 2.

このような不具合は、本実施形態のネジ端子台１によれば、可動端子４がＺ方向に位置変位することで解消される。例えば図６に二点鎖線で示すように、没入位置にある可動端子４の天面部１１に対してバスバー６の先端部が離間している場合、作業者はバスバー６を回路基板２側に撓ませながら、その先端部をビス２３により可動端子４の雌ネジ１１ｂに締結する。締結後にバスバー６は自己の弾性により元の平板形状に戻り、このときのバスバー６からの反力を受けて、ネジ端子台１の可動端子４は図９に示すように突出位置に向けて位置変位する。 In the screw terminal block 1 of this embodiment, such a defect is eliminated by displacing the movable terminal 4 in the Z direction. For example, as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 6, when the tip of the busbar 6 is separated from the top surface 11 of the movable terminal 4 in the retracted position, the worker bends the busbar 6 toward the circuit board 2 and fastens the tip of the busbar 6 to the female screw 11b of the movable terminal 4 with the screw 23. After fastening, the busbar 6 returns to its original flat shape due to its own elasticity, and the movable terminal 4 of the screw terminal block 1 is displaced toward the protruding position as shown in FIG. 9 due to the reaction force from the busbar 6.

可動端子４の位置変位に伴って、その可動側面部１２は固定端子３側の弾性接点１０と摺接して導通状態を保ち、ランス１２ａは固定端子３側の係合孔９ｂ内で位置変位する。そして、バスバー６が元の平板形状に復帰すると、可動端子４の位置変位が中止される。この時点ではバスバー６の反力が消失していることから、例えば固定端子３の底面部８と回路基板２とのハンダ付けの部位等にはほとんど残留応力が発生していない。結果として、残留応力に起因してハンダ付け部位等にクラックが発生する事態を未然に防止できることから、ネジ端子台１としての信頼性を向上することができる。 As the movable terminal 4 is displaced, its movable side portion 12 slides against the elastic contact 10 on the fixed terminal 3 side to maintain electrical continuity, and the lance 12a displaces within the engagement hole 9b on the fixed terminal 3 side. When the busbar 6 returns to its original flat shape, the displacement of the movable terminal 4 is stopped. At this point, the reaction force of the busbar 6 has disappeared, so there is almost no residual stress in the soldered portion between the bottom portion 8 of the fixed terminal 3 and the circuit board 2, for example. As a result, it is possible to prevent cracks from occurring in the soldered portion due to residual stress, thereby improving the reliability of the screw terminal block 1.

このように、Ｚ方向におけるバスバー６の位置が可動端子４のストロークＳ内に位置する場合には、固定端子３側に無用な力（バスバー６の反力）を作用させることなく可動端子４にバスバー６を締結することができる。逆の観点からすれば、相手側基板の位置やバスバー６の形状等の多少の誤差が生じている場合（Ｚ方向の位置ズレが生じている場合）であっても、バスバー６からの反力に起因するネジ端子台１のトラブルを防止できることを意味する。従って、相手側基板やバスバー６に要求される誤差を緩和でき、これにより、ネジ端子台１が適用されるインバータをより容易に設計できるという別の効果も得られる。 In this way, when the position of the busbar 6 in the Z direction is within the stroke S of the movable terminal 4, the busbar 6 can be fastened to the movable terminal 4 without applying unnecessary force (reaction force of the busbar 6) to the fixed terminal 3. From the opposite perspective, this means that even if there is some error in the position of the mating board or the shape of the busbar 6 (when there is a positional misalignment in the Z direction), problems with the screw terminal block 1 caused by the reaction force from the busbar 6 can be prevented. Therefore, the required error of the mating board and the busbar 6 can be mitigated, which also has the additional effect of making it easier to design an inverter to which the screw terminal block 1 is applied.

本発明の態様はこの実施形態に限定されるものではない。例えば上記実施形態では、電気自動車のモータ駆動用インバータに内蔵された回路基板２に実装されるネジ端子台１として具体化したが、これに限るものではなく、一般家電、民生機器、車載機器等の各種電子機器に搭載される回路基板のネジ端子台に適用することができる。 The aspects of the present invention are not limited to this embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, the screw terminal block 1 is embodied on a circuit board 2 built into an inverter for driving a motor in an electric vehicle, but the present invention is not limited to this and can be applied to screw terminal blocks for circuit boards mounted on various electronic devices such as general home appliances, consumer devices, and in-vehicle devices.

また上記実施形態では、固定端子３に係合孔９ｂ及び弾性接点１０を設け、係合孔９ｂを可動端子４のランス１２ａに係合させると共に、弾性接点１０を可動端子４の可動側面部１２に当接させたが、これらの関係を逆転させてもよい。具体的には、可動端子４に係合孔及び弾性接点を設け、係合孔を固定端子３のランスに係合させると共に、弾性接点を固定端子３の固定側面部に当接させてもよい。また、固定端子３及び可動端子４の形状についても上記実施形態に限るものではなく種々に変更可能であり、例えば弾性接点１０の形状や数を変更してもよい。 In the above embodiment, the fixed terminal 3 is provided with an engagement hole 9b and an elastic contact 10, the engagement hole 9b is engaged with the lance 12a of the movable terminal 4, and the elastic contact 10 is abutted against the movable side portion 12 of the movable terminal 4, but these relationships may be reversed. Specifically, the movable terminal 4 may be provided with an engagement hole and an elastic contact, the engagement hole may be engaged with the lance of the fixed terminal 3, and the elastic contact may abut against the fixed side portion of the fixed terminal 3. The shapes of the fixed terminal 3 and the movable terminal 4 are not limited to those of the above embodiment and can be changed in various ways. For example, the shape and number of the elastic contacts 10 may be changed.

また上記実施形態では、ホルダ５に切粉封入空間１６及び掛止壁２２を形成したが、必ずしも設ける必要はなく、これらの部位を省略してもよい。 In the above embodiment, the chip containment space 16 and the hanging wall 22 are formed in the holder 5, but these are not necessarily required and may be omitted.

また上記実施形態では、可動端子４の天面部１１に雌ネジ１１ｂを形成して、ビス２３によりバスバー６を締結したが、これに限るものではない。例えば雌ネジ１１ｂに代えて雄ネジを形成し、ナットによりバスバー６を締結するようにしてもよい。 In the above embodiment, a female screw 11b is formed on the top surface 11 of the movable terminal 4, and the bus bar 6 is fastened with a screw 23, but this is not limited to the above. For example, a male screw may be formed instead of the female screw 11b, and the bus bar 6 may be fastened with a nut.

１ネジ端子台
２回路基板
２ａ嵌合孔
３固定端子
４可動端子
５ホルダ
６バスバー
８底面部
９固定側面部
９ｂ係合孔（固定側係合部）
１０弾性接点
１１天面部
１１ｂ雌ネジ（ネジ部）
１２可動側面部
１２ａランス（可動側係合部）
１４底面（当接面）
１６切粉封入空間
１７可動端子挿入部
１８位置変位規制部
１９接点接触部
２０逃げ部
２１リード
２２掛止壁（掛止部） REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Screw terminal block 2 Circuit board 2a Fitting hole 3 Fixed terminal 4 Movable terminal 5 Holder 6 Bus bar 8 Bottom surface portion 9 Fixed side surface portion 9b Engagement hole (fixed side engagement portion)
10 Elastic contact 11 Top surface 11b Female screw (threaded portion)
12 Movable side portion 12a Lance (movable side engagement portion)
14 Bottom surface (contact surface)
16 Chip encapsulation space 17 Movable terminal insertion portion 18 Position displacement regulating portion 19 Contact contact portion 20 Relief portion 21 Lead 22 Hook wall (hook portion)

Claims

In a screw terminal block for a circuit board which is mounted on a circuit board and to which a bus bar is fastened,
a fixed terminal soldered onto the circuit board;
a movable terminal having a screw portion formed on a top surface thereof to which the bus bar is fastened;
a holder made of synthetic resin to which the fixed terminal and the movable terminal are attached;
Equipped with
a screw terminal block for a circuit board, characterized in that the movable terminal is restricted in its rotation around the screw portion by the holder, and is guided by the holder to be allowed to move in position in the direction toward and away from the circuit board, while electrical continuity with the fixed terminal is maintained via an elastic contact.

2. The screw terminal block for a circuit board as described in claim 1, characterized in that the fixed terminal and the movable terminal are respectively formed with a fixed side engagement portion and a movable side engagement portion that engage with each other to regulate the positional displacement of the movable terminal at a predetermined position at least when the movable terminal is displaced in a direction away from the circuit board.

3. The screw terminal block for a circuit board as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the holder has a plurality of leads protruding from its contact surface with the circuit board, and when the screw terminal block is mounted on the circuit board, each of the leads is inserted into a fitting hole formed in the circuit board.

4. The screw terminal block for a circuit board according to claim 1, wherein the holder is integrally formed with a latch portion that abuts against one side of the bus bar to prevent rotation when fastened.

the threaded portion is a female thread formed on a top surface of the movable terminal,
3. The screw terminal block for a circuit board according to claim 2, wherein the holder is formed with a chip-containing space communicating with the female screw.

the holder is formed with a position displacement regulating portion that opens to the circuit board side, and a movable terminal insertion portion that opens to the opposite side to the circuit board and communicates with the position displacement regulating portion,
The movable terminal has a movable side portion bent on one side of the top surface portion and inserted into the movable terminal insertion portion of the holder, and a lance is formed on the movable side portion as the movable side engagement portion,
The screw terminal block for a circuit board as described in claim 5, characterized in that the fixed terminal has a bottom portion that is soldered to the circuit board, a fixed side portion that is bent and formed on one side of the bottom portion is inserted into a position displacement regulating portion of the holder, and an engagement hole into which the lance fits is formed as the fixed side engagement portion, and the lance is abutted against the inner circumference of the engagement hole to regulate the position displacement of the movable terminal.

The screw terminal block for a circuit board as described in claim 6, characterized in that an inner wall of the positional displacement regulating portion is formed with a recess portion that allows the lance to fit into the engagement hole by allowing the fixed side portion of the fixed terminal to deflect due to interference with the lance when the fixed side portion is inserted into the positional displacement regulating portion.

the holder is formed with a contact contact portion that opens toward the circuit board and communicates with the positional displacement regulating portion,
The screw terminal block for a circuit board according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that the elastic contact is bent together with the fixed side portion on one side of the bottom surface of the fixed terminal and inserted into the contact contact portion, and elastically abuts against the movable side portion of the movable terminal to maintain conductivity.

the movable terminal insertion portion, the position displacement regulating portion, and the contact contact portion are formed on both sides of the chip encapsulation space of the holder,
The movable terminal is formed by bending the movable side portion having the lance on both sides of the top surface portion, and each of the movable side portions is inserted into the movable terminal insertion portion of the holder,
The screw terminal block for a circuit board as described in claim 8, characterized in that the fixed terminal is formed by bending the fixed side portion having the engagement hole and the elastic contact on both sides of the bottom portion, and each of the fixed side portions is inserted and arranged in a position displacement regulating portion of the holder, and each of the elastic contacts is inserted and arranged in a contact contact portion of the holder.