JP7618205B2 - Seat opening/closing device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a sheet opening and closing device that can change the opening and closing speed when opening and closing a vinyl sheet, for example in a greenhouse.

Conventionally, vinyl sheets wound around a reel have been used in greenhouses and other facilities for insulation and shading, and when they are opened and closed by operating the handle, gravity is added, especially when winding up, making operation difficult for operators with weak strength.

Patent document 1 discloses a two-speed rotation transmission device that can change the speed when unwinding and winding up a sheet, for example by performing unwinding at a high speed and winding up at a low speed.

JP 2010-187686 A

The device in Patent Document 1 has the advantage that although the vinyl sheet is wound up slowly, it can be operated without requiring a lot of force, and can be unwound at high speed.

However, when changing speed, the drive gear 6a must be switched to the internal gear 5b or planetary gear 7, etc., each time, and repeated switching can cause damage to these gears, resulting in durability problems. Also, since speed changes cannot be made while unwinding or winding, unwinding or winding must be stopped before switching gear meshing.

The object of the present invention is to provide a sheet opening and closing device that solves the above problems, does not require changing the meshing of gears when changing speed, can reduce the load on the handle by using a low-speed deceleration mode when winding up the sheet, and can switch to a high-speed constant speed mode when winding down to increase work efficiency, has easy speed change operations, and is highly durable.

In order to achieve the above object, the sheet opening/closing operation device according to the present invention is a sheet opening/closing operation device which transmits the rotation of an input shaft rotated by a handle portion to an output shaft connected to a sheet roll, the rotation being made constant speed in a constant speed mode or decelerated in a deceleration mode by a speed change mechanism, the speed change mechanism having an operation portion capable of switching between the constant speed mode and the deceleration mode, the speed change mechanism having an original gear integral with the input shaft, a group of speed change gears consisting of a plurality of gears arranged around the original gear, a speed change gear holding member into which the output shaft is fitted , and a connection between the input shaft and the speed change gear holding member is controlled by operation of the operation portion, the constant speed mode being capable of switching between the constant speed mode and the deceleration mode, and a connection switching member which switches between a constant speed mode and a speed reduction mode according to the constant speed mode, and in the constant speed mode in which the output shaft and the input shaft rotate at the same speed, the input shaft and the speed change gear holding member are connected as one unit by the connection switching member, and the rotation of the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft via the speed change gear holding member, and in the speed reduction mode in which the rotation of the output shaft is reduced below the rotation of the input shaft, the input shaft and the speed change gear holding member are separated by the connection switching member, and the rotation of the original gear of the input shaft is reduced in speed and rotated by the group of speed change gears, transmitted to the speed change gear holding member, and transmitted to the output shaft via the speed change gear holding member.

When the sheet opening and closing device according to the present invention is used, for example, in an opening and closing device for a sunshade sheet for a greenhouse or the like, when the sheet is wound up by the reel against gravity by rotating the handle, i.e., when the rotational load is large, the rotational speed of the output shaft can be switched to a slow deceleration mode, which reduces the rotational load on the handle accordingly and allows the handle to be rotated easily. Conversely, when the sheet is to be unwound, i.e., when the constant speed mode is used where the rotational load on the output shaft is small, the speed can be switched to high speed to unwind the sheet.

Speed changes can be made without interrupting the operation, even while the sheet is being unwound or wound up. Also, because the gears are constantly meshed, there is no need to change gear meshing when changing speeds, and damage to the gears is minimal.

1 is an external perspective view of a seat opening/closing operation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of components in a constant velocity mode according to the first embodiment. FIG. FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a planetary gear holding member. FIG. 4 is a rear perspective view of the circumferential member. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of components in a deceleration mode according to the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a seat opening/closing operation device in use. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of components in a constant velocity mode according to the second embodiment. FIG. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of components in a deceleration mode according to the second embodiment.

The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the illustrated embodiment.

Figure 1 is an external perspective view of the seat opening/closing device of the first embodiment. 1 is a two-piece casing made of synthetic resin, for example, with a grip 2 on the side, a switching mechanism 3 that functions as a speed change mechanism, an end of an input shaft 4, and a handle 5 connected to the input shaft 4 on one side, and an output shaft 6 protruding from the other side.

In addition, near the grip 2 of the casing 1, a post insertion hole 7 for inserting the post P is provided in the vertical direction. An operating unit 2a consisting of a grip is incorporated into the inner circumference of the grip 2, and the seat opening and closing operation device is operated according to the constant speed mode or deceleration mode by moving the switching lever 2b to operate the switching mechanism unit 3.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the components inside the casing 1, and Figure 3 is an exploded perspective view. Inside the casing 1, two parallel plates 8a and 8b are arranged, which are fixed to the casing 1. A holding plate 6a that holds the output shaft 6 is attached to the parallel plates 8a and 8b, and the roughly cylindrical output shaft 6 protrudes freely rotatably outside the parallel plate 8a, and the output shaft 6 is provided with a fixing hole 6b through which a bolt that connects the winding shaft, which will be described later, is inserted.

As shown in Fig. 4, a rectangular shaft 6c with a square cross section protrudes from the output shaft 6 on the side of the parallel plate 8b opposite to the output shaft 6, and a guide hole 6d with a circular cross section is drilled in the center of the rectangular shaft 6c. The output shaft 6 between the parallel plates 8a and 8b is surrounded by a control mechanism 8c to prevent the output shaft 6 from rotating freely. Furthermore, a total of four rollers 7a to 7d (7c and 7d are not shown) are arranged around the support insertion hole 7 between the parallel plates 8a and 8b, vertically and horizontally, surrounding the support P to smoothly guide the support P in the vertical direction.

A planetary gear holding member 9, which is a speed change gear holding member, is disposed on the tip side of the square shaft 6c. As shown in FIG. 5(a), the central portion of the surface of the circular metal base plate 9a of this planetary gear holding member 9 facing the square shaft 6c is made thicker, and a square hole 9b into which the square shaft 6c fits is formed. Also, as shown in FIG. 5(b), a planetary gear group 9d-9g, which is a speed change gear group consisting of, for example, four metal planetary gears each having a rotation axis 9c on the same circumference, is rotatably held on the opposite surface of the base plate 9a.

A cylindrical metal input shaft 4 is arranged on the planetary gear group 9d-9g side of the planetary gear holding member 9 with its center line aligned with the output shaft 6, and a sun gear 4a, which is a master gear and is made of metal external teeth, is provided at the end of the input shaft 4 as part of the planetary gear mechanism. This sun gear 4a is commonly meshed with the inside of each planetary gear group 9d-9g. In addition, a flange portion 4b is provided on the shaft side of the sun gear 4a, and a guide shaft 4c protrudes in a rod shape from the axial end of the sun gear 4a to be inserted into the guide hole 6d of the square shaft 6c for axis alignment. Furthermore, the shaft portion of the input shaft 4 is provided with two protrusions 4d and 4e that protrude on both sides and fit into part of the switching mechanism 3 described below, a screw hole 4f for fixing part of the switching mechanism 3, and a fixing hole 4g for fixing the handle portion 5.

A rotating member 10 having a cylindrical portion 10a at its front that covers the sun gear 4a and planetary gear group 9d-9g is arranged around them. As shown in FIG. 6, the rear surface of the rotating member 10 is a circular back plate 10b, and an annular groove 10c into which the flange portion 4b of the input shaft 4 is rotatably fitted is provided at the front side of the back plate 10b. In addition, a cylindrical portion 10d into which the input shaft 4 is rotatably inserted is provided at the center of the rear of the back plate 10b facing rearward. Six grooves 10e, for example, are formed at equal intervals along the axial direction on the outer periphery of this cylindrical portion 10d.

A metal internal gear 10f is arranged along the inner circumference of the cylindrical portion 10a of the rotating member 10, meshing with the outside of each of the planetary gear groups 9d-9g in common and serving as the orbital gear of the planetary gear mechanism. If the sun gear 4a has, for example, eight teeth, then the number of teeth of this internal gear 10f is four times as many, or 32. In addition, the number of teeth of each of the planetary gear groups 9d-9g is eight, the same as that of the sun gear 4a.

The rotating member 10 is surrounded by the upper and lower sides of the fixed cover member 11, which has a U-shaped cross section. The output shaft 6 side of the fixed cover member 11 is fixed to the parallel plate 8b with a screw, and the fixed cover member 11 is fixed to the casing 1. The rear surface of the fixed cover member 11 is a blocking plate 11a, and a cam plate 11b is fixed to the rear surface of the blocking plate 11a. In addition, the blocking plate 11a and the cam plate 11b are provided with holes 11c and 11d through which the cylindrical portion 10d of the rotating member 10 is inserted, and around the hole 11d of the cam plate 11b, for example, four cam grooves 11e are formed radially at equal intervals. In addition, the cam plate 11b is provided with a fulcrum 11f that supports the switching lever 2b.

The input shaft 4 is inserted into the cylindrical portion 10d of the rotating member 10, the flange portion 4b fits into the annular groove 10c, and the cylindrical portion 10d is inserted into the hole portion 11c of the fixed cover member 11, so that the input shaft 4 is positioned in a predetermined position.

A movable connection switching member 12 is disposed behind the fixed cover member 11 along the input shaft 4 as part of the switching mechanism 3. This connection switching member 12 has a circular front plate 12a at the front, a cylindrical portion 12b in the center, and a circular rear plate 12c at the rear. A hole 12e is provided at the center of the connection switching member 12 through which the cylindrical portion 10d of the rotating member 10 is inserted, and six cam teeth 12f are provided around the hole 12e to fit into the groove portion 10e of the cylindrical portion 10d. In addition, four cam teeth 12g are formed on the outer periphery of the front plate 12a to fit into the cam groove 11e of the fixed cover member 11.

A roughly annular rotation transmission member 13 is disposed behind the connection switching member 12. The input shaft 4 is inserted into this rotation transmission member 13 through a hole 13a, and is fixed by screwing into the screw hole 4f of the input shaft 4 through a fixing hole 13b. Cam teeth 13c are formed to protrude forward around the hole 13a on the front surface of the rotation transmission member 13. These cam teeth 13c are designed to fit into grooves between the cam teeth 12f of the connection switching member 12. Furthermore, deep recesses 13d, 13e are formed at two locations between the teeth of these cam teeth 13c, into which the protruding protrusions 4d, 4e of the input shaft 4 fit, respectively.

The end 2c of the switching lever 2b is connected to the operating part 2a of the grip 2. When the operating part 2a is pulled toward the grip 2, the switching lever 2b rotates around the fulcrum 11f provided on the cam plate 11b, and the tip 2d of the switching lever 2b located on the cylindrical part 12b of the connection switching member 12 separates the connection switching member 12 from the rotation transmission member 13 along the input shaft 4, and the front plate 12a of the connection switching member 12 fits into the cam teeth 12g and the cam groove 11e of the fixed cover member 11, and the connection switching member 12 is connected to the cam plate 11b of the fixed cover member 11.

In addition, two return coil springs 2e are attached to the switching lever 2b between the fixed cover member 11, and when the operating part 2a is not being operated, the switching lever 2b is biased in the opposite direction to when the operating part 2a is being gripped, connecting the connection switching member 12 to the rotation transmission member 13.

In this way, the connection switching member 12 switches the freely connectable and disconnectable connection between the input shaft 4 and the planetary gear holding member 9, which is the speed change gear holding member, to either the constant speed mode or the deceleration mode by operating the switching lever 2b.

When this seat opening/closing device is assembled, the sun gear 4a of the input shaft 4 meshes with the inside of the planetary gear group 9d-9g of the planetary gear holding member 9. The input shaft 4 is also inserted through a rotating member 10, a fixed cover member 11, a connection switching member 12, and a rotation transmission member 13. The protrusions 4d and 4e of the input shaft 4 fit into the recesses 13d and 13e of the rotation transmission member 13, and the rotation transmission member 13 is fixed to the input shaft 4 by a screw via the screw hole 4f, so that the rotation transmission member 13 rotates integrally with the input shaft 4.

In the constant speed mode when the operating part 2a is not being operated, i.e., when the operating part 2a of the grip 2 is not being gripped, as shown in FIG. 2, the switching lever 2b to which the biasing force of the return coil spring 2e is applied pushes the connection switching member 12 rearward along the input shaft 4 toward the rotation transmission member 13, so that the rear plate 12c of the connection switching member 12 comes into contact with the front surface of the rotation transmission member 13.

In this state, the cam teeth 13c of the rotation transmission member 13 fit into the cam teeth 12f of the connection switching member 12, and the connection switching member 12 rotates as the rotation transmission member 13, i.e., the input shaft 4, rotates. The cam teeth 12f of the connection switching member 12 are constantly engaged with the groove portion 10e of the cylindrical portion 10d of the rotating member 10, so that the rotation of the input shaft 4 is transmitted to the rotating member 10, and the rotating member 10 rotates together with the input shaft 4, centering on the input shaft 4.

In this case, the sun gear 4a of the input shaft 4 and the internal gear 10f of the rotating member 10 rotate at the same speed, so the planetary gears 9d-9g interposed between them are fixed and do not rotate individually. Therefore, the rotation of the input shaft 4 and the rotating member 10 is transmitted to the base plate 9a of the planetary gear holding member 9 via each rotating shaft 9c of the planetary gears 9d-9g, and is further transmitted to the square shaft 6c of the output shaft 6 via the square hole 9b at the same rotational speed, and rotation occurs in a constant speed mode.

In this way, when the handle section 5 connected to the input shaft 4 using the fixed hole 4g is rotated without operating the operating section 2a of the grip 2, the input shaft 4 to which the rotation of the handle section 5 is transmitted and the planetary gear holding member 9 rotate at a constant speed of 1:1, so the output shaft 6 also rotates in the same direction as the input shaft 4 in a constant speed mode with a rotation ratio of 1:1 via the planetary gear holding member 9. Note that even if you release your hand from the handle section 5 at this point, the output shaft 6 will not start rotating unexpectedly because sudden rotation of the output shaft 6 is braked by the braking mechanism 8c.

On the other hand, when the operating part 2a of the grip 2 is gripped, the deceleration mode is set, and as shown in FIG. 7, the end 2c of the switching lever 2b is pulled by the operating part 2a, and the tip 2d operates against the biasing force of the return coil spring 2e, moving the connection switching member 12 along the input shaft 4 toward the front fixed cover member 11 side from which it had been separated until then. This movement separates the connection switching member 12 from the rotation transmission member 13, and the connection switching member 12 is released from the rotation transmission member 13, and the cam teeth 12g of the front plate 12a of the connection switching member 12 engage with the cam groove 11e of the fixed fixed cover member 11. This disables the connection switching member 12 from rotating, and since the cam teeth 12f of the connection switching member 12 engage with the groove portion 10e of the rotating member 10, the rotating member 10 is also disabled from rotating.

When the input shaft 4 is rotated by the handle 5, the rotation is transmitted to the planetary gear group 9d-9g via the sun gear 4a. The rotational motion caused by the meshing of the sun gear 4a and the planetary gear group 9d-9g with the rotation of the input shaft 4 becomes planetary gear motion between the internal gear 10f of the fixed rotating member 10, and is transmitted to the planetary gear holding member 9. The rotation ratio between the input shaft 4 and the planetary gear holding member 9 is, for example, 1:4, which is the gear ratio between the sun gear 4a and the internal gear 10f. In other words, the rotation of the input shaft 4 is decelerated by the planetary gear mechanism, and the rotation transmitted from the planetary gear holding member 9 to the output shaft 6 rotates at a speed ratio reduced to 1:4 relative to the rotation of the input shaft 4.

In this way, by using the planetary gear mechanism, the rotation speed of the output shaft 6 caused by the input shaft 4 is reduced to, for example, 1/4, and the rotation load on the handle section 5 connected to the input shaft 4 can be reduced to 1/4. Therefore, although the rotation of the output shaft 6 is slower, even an operator with weak strength can easily operate the handle section 5.

Figure 8 shows the opening/closing device of this embodiment 1 being used to rotate the reel S of vinyl sheet B for a greenhouse. The support P is inserted into the support insertion hole 7 of the sheet opening/closing device to secure the casing 1, and the reel S is secured to the output shaft 6. When the grip 2 is held in the left hand and the handle portion 5 in the right hand, and the handle portion 5 is turned left to unwind the vinyl sheet B in constant speed mode without operating the operating portion 2a of the grip 2, no planetary gear motion is performed and the output shaft 6 rotates at the same speed as the input shaft 4 with a 1:1 rotation ratio. In this case, due to the gravity acting on the vinyl sheet B, the vinyl sheet B can be unwound at high speed without requiring a large operating force.

In this state, the vinyl sheet B can also be rolled up by turning the handle portion 5 to the right, but this requires a large operating force since the vinyl sheet B is rolled up against the force of gravity.

When the operating part 2a of the grip 2 is gripped to set the deceleration mode, the connection switching member 12 is moved via the switching lever 2b to connect to the fixed cover member 11, and the handle part 5 is turned to the right with the rotating member 10 fixed, the rotation load of the input shaft 4 is reduced to one-quarter due to planetary gear motion. When winding up the vinyl sheet B, the reel S can be easily rotated via the output shaft 6 without requiring a large operating force.

It is also possible to wind down the vinyl sheet B in this deceleration mode, but while this does not require any operating force, it takes longer to wind down.

When the winding up of the vinyl sheet B is finished and the grip on the operating part 2a is loosened, as shown in Figure 2, the switching lever 2b rotates around the fulcrum 11f due to the biasing force of the return coil spring 2e, and the tip 2d moves the connection switching member 12 towards the rotation transmission member 13, and the constant speed mode is entered. As a result, the connection switching member 12 separates from the cover member 11 and the fixed state of the rotating member 10 is released, so that the rotating member 10 rotates together with the output shaft 6 at the same speed as the input shaft 4.

In the second embodiment, a spur gear group 20 is used instead of the planetary gear group 9d to 9g in the first embodiment. Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the components in the constant velocity mode of the second embodiment, and the same reference numerals as in the first embodiment indicate the same members.

The spur gear group 20, which is a group of speed change gears, is arranged between two rotating plates 21a and 21b, which are made of parallel circles and serve as speed change gear holding members, and has multiple gears supported by the rotating plates 21a and 21b. A cylindrical portion 10d similar to that of the first embodiment is fixed to the rear rotating plate 21b. The bases of the cylindrical portions 10d of the rotating plates 21a and 21b are rotatably inserted into the holes 11c of the fixed cover member 11, which is fixed to the parallel plate 8b, and the spur gear group 20 is held. The flange portion 4b of the input shaft 4 is rotatably inserted into the hole 21c provided in the rotating plate 21b, and the input shaft 4 is rotatably inserted into the cylindrical portion 10d.

Figure 10 is a perspective view of the spur gear group 20, with the rotating plates 21a and 21b indicated by dotted lines. An original gear 4h is provided at the tip of the input shaft 4, and large-diameter gears 22a and 22b that mesh with the original gear 4h are journaled between the rotating plates 21a and 21b. The gears 22a and 22b are two-stage gears with the same axis, and small-diameter pinion gears 22c and 22d are formed integrally with them. Furthermore, a large-diameter gear 22e is journaled between these pinion gears 22c and 22d, and this gear 22e is journaled rotatably on the guide shaft 4c of the input shaft 4.

The surface of the large gear 22e facing the output shaft 6 is provided with a square hole 22f for transmitting rotational force to the square shaft 6c of the output shaft 6. The number of teeth of the original gear 4h and the small gears 22c and 22d is, for example, 16, and the number of teeth of the large gears 22a, 22b, and 22e is 22.

When the operating part 2a of the grip 2 shown in FIG. 9 is not operated, the constant speed mode is set, and the connection switching member 12 moves backward due to the biasing force of the return coil spring 2e attached to the fixed cover member 11, and is connected to the rotation transmission member 13. The connection switching member 12 rotates according to the rotation transmission member 13 that rotates with the input shaft 4, and rotates the rotating plates 21a, 21b together with the cylindrical part 10d. When the rotating plates 21a, 21b rotate with the input shaft 4, the gears in the spur gear group 20 do not rotate individually, and the rotation of the input shaft 4 is transmitted as it is to the square shaft 6c via the square hole 22f of the large gear 22e, and the rotation of the input shaft 4 is transmitted to the output shaft 6 in a one-to-one ratio.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 11, when the operating part 2a of the grip 2 is operated against the biasing force of the return coil spring 2e, the deceleration mode is set. The connection switching member 12 moves forward by the switching lever 2b and separates from the rotation transmission member 13. In this case, since the input shaft 4 and the cylindrical part 10d can rotate separately, the rotation of the input shaft 4 is transmitted from the original gear 4h to the large gears 22a and 22b, which rotate the integral small gears 22c and 22d together and are transmitted to the large gear 22e. Furthermore, the rotation of the large gear 22e is transmitted to the output shaft 6 via the square shaft 6c fitted into the square hole 22f of the large gear 22e. The rotation speed of the output shaft 6 is (16/22) x (16/22) = 0.53 from the gear ratio, and is gradually reduced to about 1/2 of the input shaft 4.

In this way, even in Example 2, when the rotational load is large, the rotational speed of the output shaft can be switched from the constant speed mode to the deceleration mode, thereby reducing the rotational load applied to the handle section.

In this specification, the terms front, back, top, bottom, left and right are used to explain the drawings and do not restrict the shape, etc., of the articles of the present invention.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Casing 2 Grip 2a Operation section 2b Switching lever 3 Switching mechanism section 4 Input shaft 4a Sun gear 4h Primary gear 5 Handle section 6 Output shaft 6c Square shaft 7 Post insertion hole 8a, 8b Parallel plates 9 Planetary gear holding member 9b, 22f Square holes 9d-9g Planetary gear group 10 Rotating member 10d Cylindrical section 10f Internal gear 11 Fixed cover member 12 Connection switching member 13 Rotation transmission member 20 Spur gear group 21a, 21b Rotating plate 22a-22e Gears B Vinyl sheet P Post S Winding shaft

Claims (5)

A sheet opening/closing operation device in which the rotation of an input shaft rotated by a handle part is transmitted to an output shaft connected to a sheet winding shaft at a constant speed in a constant speed mode or at a reduced speed in a reduced speed mode by a speed change mechanism,
an operation unit capable of switching between the constant speed mode and the deceleration mode;
the speed change mechanism comprises an original gear integral with the input shaft, a group of speed change gears consisting of a plurality of gears arranged around the original gear, a speed change gear holding member that rotatably holds shaft portions of each gear of the group of speed change gears and into which the output shaft is fitted , and a connection switching member that switches the connection between the input shaft and the speed change gear holding member according to the constant speed mode or the deceleration mode by operating the operating portion,
In the constant speed mode in which the output shaft and the input shaft rotate at the same speed, the input shaft and the speed change gear holding member are connected as one unit by the connection switching member, and the rotation of the input shaft is transmitted to the output shaft via the speed change gear holding member,
In the deceleration mode in which the rotation of the output shaft is reduced below the rotation of the input shaft, the input shaft and the transmission gear holding member are separated by the connection switching member, and the rotation of the original gear of the input shaft is decelerated and rotated by the group of transmission gears, transmitted to the transmission gear holding member, and transmitted to the output shaft via the transmission gear holding member. The seat opening/closing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the connection switching member is connected to and detached from a rotation transmission member that rotates integrally with the input shaft by operating the operating unit. The seat opening/closing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the connection switching member moves along the input shaft and connects to the rotation transmission member. The seat opening/closing device according to claim 3, characterized in that the operating unit is provided in a part of the casing, and the connection switching member is moved along the input shaft via a switching lever by operating the operating unit. The seat opening/closing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the speed change mechanism is a planetary gear mechanism, the master gear is a sun gear, and the speed change gear holding member holds a group of planetary gears arranged around the sun gear.

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