JP7619791B2 - Continuous powder processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

This application relates to a continuous powder processing device.

Traditionally, in the fields of medicine, chemicals, food, and the like, multiple powders have been moistened and mixed and crushed to produce granules. Powders are difficult to handle as they are, so turning them into granules can improve their handling properties.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a continuous powder processing device (referred to as a "continuous stirring processing device" in Patent Document 1) that mixes and crushes powder. This continuous powder processing device includes a cylindrical processing vessel extending laterally, and a rotating shaft with multiple blades attached, which is disposed within the processing vessel. Inside the processing vessel, the powder is continuously mixed and crushed while being transported axially by the multiple blades.

JP 2016-7571 A

In the above-mentioned continuous powder processing device, efficient mixing and crushing of powder is desired. Therefore, the object of the present application is to provide a continuous powder processing device that can efficiently mix and crush powder.

The continuous powder processing device according to one aspect of the present application is a continuous powder processing device that mixes and crushes powder, and includes a cylindrical rotating container extending sideways, a rotating shaft that is disposed within the rotating container and has a central axis located below the central axis of the rotating container, a plurality of blades that are attached to the rotating shaft and send the powder from the inlet opening to the outlet opening of the rotating container while mixing and crushing it, and at least one non-rotating partition plate that is disposed in a gap space formed in the upper part of the rotating container.

In the above configuration, the central axis of the rotating shaft is located below the central axis of the rotating container, so a gap space is formed in the upper part of the rotating container that the blades cannot reach. As a result, the powder that is lifted as the rotating container rotates peels off from the inner surface of the rotating container in the gap space and falls. The falling powder collides with the blades, promoting mixing and crushing. In addition, by providing a partition plate in the gap space, it is possible to prevent the powder from passing through the gap space and causing the blades to detour. Therefore, with the above configuration, the powder can be mixed and crushed efficiently. Note that the above powder includes both wet powder and dry powder.

The above configuration provides a continuous powder processing device that can efficiently mix and crush powder.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the continuous powder processing apparatus. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a continuous powder processing apparatus. FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of the periphery of the rotating container shown in FIG. 1 . 4A is a front view of a blade, FIG. 4B is a front view of a disk, and FIG. 4C is a front view of a spacer. 4 is a front cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 3. FIG. 13 is an enlarged view of the periphery of a rotary container of a continuous powder processing apparatus according to a modified example. FIG. 7 is a front cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in FIG. 6.

<Basic configuration>
The continuous powder processing apparatus 100 according to the embodiment will be described below. First, the basic configuration of the continuous powder processing apparatus 100 will be described. FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the continuous powder processing apparatus 100, and FIG. 2 is a horizontal cross-sectional view of the continuous powder processing apparatus 100. The continuous powder processing apparatus 100 is an apparatus for producing granules from wet powder (powder to which a processing liquid has been added), and forms, for example, powder having an average particle size of 30 to 70 μm before wetting into granules having an average particle size of 80 to 250 μm. However, the continuous powder processing apparatus 100 can also be used as a mixing apparatus for obtaining a mixed powder by mixing and crushing a plurality of powders without wetting them.

In this embodiment, the wet powder is fed into a hopper 10 that opens upward. The wet powder fed into the hopper 10 is sent out by a screw 13 that rotates in a supply pipe 11 and supplied to a rotary container 14. The screw 13 is attached to a rotary shaft 12, which is driven to rotate by an electric motor 15.

The rotating container 14 has a cylindrical shape extending sideways, and the wet powder is supplied into the rotating container 14 from one opening, the inlet opening 21. The wet powder supplied to the rotating container 14 is sent out toward the other opening, the outlet opening 22. As shown in FIG. 2, the rotating container 14 is rotatably supported by a frame 25 via bearings 23 and 24, and is rotated by an electric motor 26 via a bevel gear 27.

The frame 25 is fitted with a first blocking member 31 that covers the bearing 23 and its inner side, and a second blocking member 32 that covers the bearing 24 and its inner side. In addition, the frame 25 is fitted with a cover 33 that covers the rotating container 14 from the radially outer side of the bearings 23 and 24.

A plurality of blades 41 are arranged in the rotating vessel 14. The blades 41 are attached to the rotating shaft 12. As described above, the rotating shaft 12 is rotated by the electric motor 15. When the rotating shaft 12 rotates, the blades 41 send the wet powder toward the outlet opening 22 while mixing and crushing it. This allows granules to be continuously produced in the rotating vessel 14. The produced granules are discharged to the outside from the outlet opening 22 of the rotating vessel 14 through the chute 42. Note that the screw 13 and the blades 41 in this embodiment are attached to the same rotating shaft 12, but they may be attached to different rotating shafts.

In addition, in this embodiment, the central axis 52 of the rotating container 14 (see FIG. 3) extends horizontally. However, the central axis 52 of the rotating container 14 may be inclined downward or upward from the inlet opening 21 to the outlet opening 22. By inclining the central axis 52 of the rotating container 14 in this manner, the residence time of the wet powder in the rotating container 14 can be adjusted. If the residence time of the wet powder in the rotating container 14 is long, the wet powder can be mixed and crushed sufficiently.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, the rotation direction of the rotating shaft 12 is the same as the rotation direction of the rotating vessel 14 (both are counterclockwise on the paper in FIG. 4), and the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 12 is faster than the rotation speed of the rotating vessel 14. The rotation speed of the rotating shaft 12 is set so that the peripheral speed at the tip of the blade 41 is about 5 to 13 m/s, and the rotation speed of the rotating vessel 14 is set so that the peripheral speed at the inner surface 43 of the rotating vessel 14 is about 0.5 to 1 m/s.

<Rotating shaft position>
Next, the installation position of the rotating shaft 12 with respect to the rotating vessel 14 will be described. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of the periphery of the rotating vessel 14 in Fig. 1. As shown in Fig. 3, in this embodiment, the central axis 51 of the rotating shaft 12 is located below the central axis 52 of the rotating vessel 14. For example, the eccentricity e of the central axis 51 of the rotating shaft 12 with respect to the central axis 52 of the rotating vessel 14 is 1/6 to 1/12 of the diameter D of the center and the outlet end of the inner circumferential surface 43 of the rotating vessel 14.

In this way, the central axis 51 of the rotating shaft 12 is positioned below the central axis 52 of the rotating container 14, forming a gap space 53 in the upper part of the rotating container 14 that the blades 41 cannot reach. As a result, the wet powder that is lifted as the rotating container 14 rotates peels off from the inner surface 43 of the rotating container 14 in the gap space 53 and falls. The falling wet powder collides with the blades 41, accelerating the mixing and crushing of the wet powder.

<Rotating shaft structure>
Next, the structure of the rotating shaft 12 will be described. As shown by the dashed line in Fig. 3, the rotating shaft 12 has a core rod 61 that passes through the supply pipe 11 and the rotary vessel 14. The screw 13 is attached to the part of the core rod 61 that corresponds to the supply pipe 11. The screw 13 has a central tube 62 through which the core rod 61 is inserted, and a helical screw blade 63 provided on the outer circumferential surface of the central tube 62.

Furthermore, the blades 41, disk 71, and spacer ring 72 are attached in the axial direction to the part of the core rod 61 that corresponds to the rotating vessel 14. Figure 4(a) is a front view of the blades 41, (b) is a front view of the disk 71, and (c) is a front view of the spacer ring 72. The cross section of the part of the core rod 61 that corresponds to the rotating vessel 14 is square (see Figure 5). However, the cross section of this part may be a shape other than a square.

The blade 41 has the role of conveying the wet powder while mixing and crushing it. As shown in FIG. 4(a), the blade 41 has a substantially diamond-shaped shape, and a through hole 73 through which the core rod 61 is inserted is formed in the center. The blade 41 also has a pair of blades protruding in opposite directions from the center. Each blade of the blade 41 has a knife edge 74 that is sharpened toward the rotation direction. The knife edge 74 is inclined toward the rotation direction so as to approach the inlet side opening 21 (away from the outlet side opening 22). Therefore, when the blade 41 rotates, the knife edge 74 applies a feed force to the wet powder toward the outlet side opening 22 of the rotating container 14. The length L of the blade 41 is set so that the shortest distance between the blade 41 and the inner circumferential surface 43 of the rotating container 14 (clearance directly below the central axis 52 of the rotating container 14) is about several millimeters (for example, 1 to 5 mm). However, the shape and dimensions of the blades 41 are not limited to this.

The disk 71 has the role of regulating the movement of the moist powder and adjusting the residence time of the moist powder in the rotary container 14. As shown in FIG. 4(b), the disk 71 has a circular shape in a front view (as viewed from the axial direction of the rotary shaft 12). The thickness of the disk 71 is approximately the same as that of the blade 41. However, the thickness of the disk 71 is not limited to this. A through hole 75 through which the core rod 61 is inserted is formed in the center of the disk 71. The outer diameter d of the disk 71 and the outer diameter of the rotational orbit at the tip of the blade 41 are approximately the same. In other words, the diameter d of the disk 71 and the length L of the blade 41 are approximately the same.

The spacer ring 72 has the role of keeping the axial distance between adjacent blades 41 or the axial distance between the blade 41 and the disk 71 constant. As shown in FIG. 4(c), a through hole 76 is formed in the center of the spacer ring 72, through which the core rod 61 is inserted. The outer edge of the spacer ring 72 is circular in front view. The thickness (axial dimension) of the spacer ring 72 is greater than the blades 41 and the disk 71. However, the shape and thickness of the spacer ring 72 are not limited to this. A retaining member 77 is attached to the tip of the rotating shaft 12.

Figure 5 is a front cross-sectional view taken along line V-V in Figure 3. As shown in Figures 3 and 5, the blades 41 are attached to the core rod 61 so that their orientation alternates by 90 degrees. Also, as shown in Figure 5, spacer rings 72 are arranged between adjacent blades 41. However, disks 71 are arranged in place of some of the blades 41. The disks 71 in this embodiment include a first disk 71a, a second disk 71b, and a third disk 71c. The arrangement of the disks 71a, 71b, and 71c will be described later.

<Partition structure>
Next, the partition plate 81 will be described. The continuous powder processing apparatus 100 according to this embodiment includes the partition plate 81. The partition plate 81 is disposed in the gap space 53 formed in the upper part of the rotating vessel 14, and divides the gap space 53 into a plurality of regions. The partition plate 81 is independent of the rotating vessel 14 and the rotating shaft 12, and does not rotate together with the rotating vessel 14 or the rotating shaft 12.

The partition plate 81 in this embodiment is a plate-like member, and has an arc-like shape when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating container 14, as shown in FIG. 5. Specifically, when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating container 14, the upper edge 82 of the partition plate 81 extends along the inner circumferential surface 43 of the rotating container 14 in the vicinity of the inner circumferential surface 43. A radial gap is formed between the upper edge 82 of the partition plate 81 and the inner circumferential surface 43 of the rotating container 14, and the gap dimension g of the gap is about 1 mm or about 1/20 of the diameter D of the inner circumferential surface 43. However, the above-mentioned gap dimension g is not limited to this.

In addition, when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating container 14, the lower edge 83 of the partition plate 81 extends along the rotation orbit near the rotation orbit of the tip of the blade 41. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the lower edge 83 of the partition plate 81 is located radially outward from the tip of the blade 41 when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating container 14. In other words, the partition plate 81 and the blade 41 do not overlap when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating container 14. The radial dimension g' between the lower edge 83 of the partition plate 81 and the tip of the blade 41 when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating container 14 (approximately the same as the radial dimension between the lower edge 83 of the partition plate 81 and the disk 71) is about 1 mm or about 1/20 of the diameter D of the inner circumferential surface 43. However, the above radial dimension g' is not limited to this.

The partition plate 81 is supported by a first support member 84 and a second support member 85 that extend axially within the gap space 53. As shown in FIG. 3, the first support member 84 and the second support member 85 have one end (upstream end) fixed to the first blocking member 31 and the other end (downstream end) fixed to the chute 42. In this embodiment, the first support member 84 and the second support member 85 are formed in a straight line, but may be bent or curved. In addition, the partition plate 81 may be supported by a method other than using the first support member 84 and the second support member 85.

In this embodiment, by disposing the partition plate 81 in the gap space 53, it is possible to suppress the detouring (short pass) of the blades 41 caused by the wet powder passing through the gap space 53. As a result, it is possible to avoid insufficient mixing and crushing of the wet powder, and it is possible to efficiently mix and crush the wet powder. Also, in this embodiment, since the partition plate 81 and the blades 41 do not overlap when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating container 14, the partition plate 81 can be pulled out of the rotating container 14 in the axial direction together with the first support member 84 and the second support member 85 without coming into contact with the blades 41. This makes it easier to clean the inside of the rotating container 14, which is preferable from a hygienic standpoint.

<Axial position of partition plate>
Next, the axial position of the partition plate 81 will be described. The partition plate 81 is located between adjacent blades 41 in the axial direction. In this embodiment, the disk 71 is disposed in the vicinity of the partition plate 81. Therefore, both the partition plate 81 and the disk 71 located in the vicinity thereof are located between adjacent blades 41.

In this embodiment, the partition plate 81 includes a first partition plate 81a, a second partition plate 81b, and a third partition plate 81c, which are arranged in this order from the side closest to the inlet opening 21.

The first partition plate 81a is disposed in the first region 86, which is closer to the inlet opening 21 than the axial center of the rotating container 14, and closer to the outlet opening 22 than the axial center of the first region 86. By providing the partition plate 81 in the gap space 53, the short pass of the wet powder is suppressed, and the residence time of the wet powder in the rotating container 14 can be extended. However, in the first region 86 near the inlet opening 21, the wet powder is not sufficiently mixed, and the wet powder is likely to adhere to the inner surface 43 of the rotating container 14 and the inner surface of the first blocking member 31. Therefore, in this embodiment, the partition plate 81 is disposed closer to the outlet opening 22 in the first region 86, so that the movement of the wet powder is not hindered too much and adhesion of the wet powder is suppressed.

The first disk 71a corresponding to the first partition plate 81a is disposed near the upstream side of the first partition plate 81a. However, the first disk 71a and the first partition plate 81a are spaced apart in the axial direction. In this case, in order for the moist powder to move from the upstream side to the downstream side of the first disk 71a, it must pass through the gap between the first disk 71a and the inner circumferential surface 43 of the rotating vessel 14, or the gap between the first disk 71a and the first partition plate 81a. Therefore, by adjusting the axial separation dimension α between the first disk 71a and the first partition plate 81a, the residence time of the moist powder in the rotating vessel 14 can be adjusted.

The second partition plate 81b is located in the second region 87, which is closer to the outlet side opening 22 than the axial center of the rotating container 14, and is disposed near the axial center of the second region 87. Furthermore, the third partition plate 81c is located in the second region 87, which is closer to the outlet side opening 22 than the axial center of the rotating container 14, and is disposed closer to the outlet side opening 22 than the axial center of the second region 87. In the second region 87, which is closer to the outlet side opening 22, it is desirable to increase the residence time of the wet powder so as to promote mixing and disintegration of the wet powder. Therefore, multiple partition plates 81 are disposed in the second region 87, and the residence time of the wet powder in the rotating container 14 is increased.

The second disk 71b corresponding to the second partition plate 81b is disposed near the upstream side of the second partition plate 81b. The second disk 71b and the second partition plate 81b are spaced apart in the axial direction. The third disk 71c corresponding to the third partition plate 81c is disposed near the upstream side of the third partition plate 81c. The third disk 71c and the third partition plate 81c are spaced apart in the axial direction. In this case, the residence time of the wet powder in the rotary container 14 can be adjusted by adjusting the axial distance between the second disk 71b and the second partition plate 81b, and the axial distance between the third disk 71c and the third partition plate 81c.

The axial positions of the disk 71 and the partition plate 81 are not particularly limited. In other words, in this embodiment, the disk 71 is disposed upstream of the partition plate 81, but the disk 71 may be disposed downstream of the partition plate 81. Also, the partition plate 81 and the disk 71 may be disposed at the same axial position.

<Modification>
Next, a modified example of this embodiment will be described. Fig. 6 is an enlarged view of the inside of the rotating vessel 14 of a continuous powder processing apparatus 101 according to the modified example. Fig. 7 is a front cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII in Fig. 6. The continuous powder processing apparatus 101 according to the modified example is different in configuration from the above-mentioned continuous powder processing apparatus 100 in that it includes a scraper 91, but has the same configuration in other respects.

The scraper 91 is a member that scrapes off the wet powder adhering to the inner circumferential surface 43 of the rotating container 14. As shown in FIG. 7, the scraper 91 is disposed upstream of the first partition plate 81a, between the first partition plate 81a and the second partition plate 81b, between the second partition plate 81b and the third partition plate 81c, and downstream of the third partition plate 81c. In other words, the scraper 91 is disposed in an axial position where the partition plate 81 is not provided.

As shown in FIG. 6, the scraper 91 is provided on the second support member 85 that supports the partition plate 81. The scraper 91 extends from the second support member 85 toward the inner circumferential surface 43 of the rotating container 14. The scraper 91 may be provided on the first support member 84, or on both the first support member 84 and the second support member 85.

The tip of the scraper 91 may or may not be in contact with the inner circumferential surface 43 of the rotating vessel 14. If it is not in contact, it is desirable that the clearance between the tip of the scraper 91 and the inner circumferential surface 43 of the rotating vessel 14 is narrow. If the tip of the scraper 91 is not in contact with the inner circumferential surface 43 of the rotating vessel 14, the material of the scraper 91 may be any of metal (e.g., stainless steel), resin, and rubber. If the tip of the scraper 91 is in contact with the inner circumferential surface 43 of the rotating vessel 14, it is desirable that the material of the scraper 91 is a resin with excellent sliding properties such as fluororesin (e.g., PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene)) or nylon. In particular, if the material of the scraper 91 is fluororesin, adhesion of the wet powder to the scraper 91 itself can be suppressed. To suppress adhesion of the wet powder to the scraper 91 itself, it is desirable that the surface area of the scraper 91 is as small as possible.

<Other Modifications>
Next, other modified examples will be described. In this embodiment, three partition plates 81 are provided in the gap space 53, but only one of them may be provided. In this case, it is preferable to provide the first partition plate 81a in the gap space 53. Furthermore, if two partition plates 81 are provided, it is preferable to provide the first partition plate 81a and the second partition plate 81b in the gap space 53. However, the number and positions of the partition plates 81 are not particularly limited.

In addition, in this embodiment, the disk 71 is disposed near the partition plate 81, but the axial position of the disk 71 is not limited to this. Furthermore, one of the disk 71 and the partition plate 81 may be omitted. Even in this case, the residence time of the wet powder in the rotating container 14 can be adjusted.

<Summary>
As described above, the continuous powder processing device according to the embodiment is a continuous powder processing device that mixes and crushes powder, and includes a cylindrical rotating container extending horizontally, a rotating shaft that is disposed within the rotating container and has a central axis located below the central axis of the rotating container, a plurality of blades that are attached to the rotating shaft and send the powder from the inlet opening toward the outlet opening of the rotating container while mixing and crushing it, and at least one non-rotating partition plate that is disposed in a gap space formed in the upper part of the rotating container.

According to this configuration, the central axis of the rotating shaft is located below the central axis of the rotating container, so a gap space is formed in the upper part of the rotating container that the blades cannot reach. Therefore, the powder that is lifted as the rotating container rotates peels off from the inner surface of the rotating container in the gap space and falls. The falling powder collides with the blades, promoting mixing and crushing. In addition, by providing a partition plate in the gap space, it is possible to prevent the powder from passing through the gap space and causing the blades to detour. Therefore, according to the above configuration, the powder can be mixed and crushed efficiently. Note that the above powder includes both wet powder and dry powder.

In addition, in the continuous powder processing apparatus according to the embodiment, when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating container, the upper edge of the partition plate extends along the inner circumferential surface of the rotating container in the vicinity of the inner circumferential surface, and the lower edge extends along the rotation orbit of the tip of the blade in the vicinity of the rotation orbit.

With this configuration, the partition plate can cover most of the gap space when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating container, effectively preventing the powder from passing through the gap space and causing the blades to detour.

In addition, in the continuous powder processing device according to the embodiment, the lower edge of the partition plate is located radially outward from the tip of the blade when viewed from the axial direction of the rotary container.

This configuration allows the partition plate to be pulled out of the rotating container in the axial direction without coming into contact with the blades, making cleaning inside the rotating container easier and more hygienic.

In addition, in the continuous powder processing apparatus according to the embodiment, the first partition plate, which is the closest to the inlet opening among the at least one partition plate, is located in a region closer to the inlet opening than the axial center of the rotating container, and is positioned closer to the outlet opening than the axial center of that region.

This configuration makes it possible to appropriately adjust the residence time of the powder inside the rotating container while suppressing adhesion of the powder to the rotating container in the area close to the inlet opening of the rotating container.

In addition, the continuous powder processing device according to the embodiment further includes a disk attached to the rotating shaft.

With this configuration, the disk can be used to suppress the movement of the powder, making it possible to adjust the residence time of the wet powder in the rotating container.

In addition, in the continuous powder processing device according to the embodiment, the outer diameter of the disk and the outer diameter of the rotation orbit of the tip of the blade are approximately the same.

This configuration reduces the clearance between the disk and the inner surface of the rotating container. This makes it possible to more efficiently adjust the residence time of the powder inside the rotating container.

In addition, in the continuous powder processing device according to the embodiment, the disk and the partition plate are spaced apart in the axial direction.

This configuration allows the amount of powder passing through the gap between the disk and the partition plate to be adjusted, and therefore the residence time.

In addition, the continuous powder processing device according to the modified embodiment further includes a support member that extends in the axial direction of the rotary container within the clearance space and supports the partition plate, and a scraper that is attached to the support member and scrapes off powder adhering to the inner peripheral surface of the rotary container.

According to this configuration, the powder adhering to the inner surface of the rotating container is scraped off by the scraper. The scraped off powder is then mixed and crushed, so that more homogeneous granules can be produced or a mixed powder can be obtained.

12 Rotating shaft 14 Rotating container 21 Inlet opening 22 Outlet opening 41 Blade 43 Inner circumferential surface 51 Central axis 52 Central axis 53 Gap space 71 Disk 81 Partition plate 81a First partition plate 81b Second partition plate 81c Third partition plate 82 Upper edge 83 Lower edge 84 First support member 85 Second support member 86 First region 87 Second region 91 Scraper 100 Continuous powder processing apparatus 101 Continuous powder processing apparatus

Claims (7)

A continuous powder processing apparatus for mixing and crushing powder,
A cylindrical rotating container extending laterally;
A rotating shaft is disposed within the rotating vessel and has a central axis located below the central axis of the rotating vessel;
A plurality of blades attached to the rotating shaft for sending the powder from an inlet opening of the rotating container toward an outlet opening while mixing and crushing the powder;
At least one non-rotating partition plate disposed in a gap space formed in an upper portion of the rotating container ,
A continuous powder processing device, wherein, when viewed in the axial direction of the rotating container, the partition plate has an upper edge near the inner circumferential surface of the rotating container and extends along the inner circumferential surface, and a lower edge near the rotational orbit of the tip of the blade and extends along the rotational orbit . 2. The continuous powder processing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a lower edge of the partition plate is located radially outward of the tips of the blades when viewed in the axial direction of the rotary container. 3. The continuous powder processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a first partition plate among the at least one partition plate that is closest to the inlet side opening is disposed within a region closer to the inlet side opening than the axial center of the rotating container, and closer to the outlet side opening than the axial center of the region . The continuous powder processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising a disk attached to the rotating shaft. The continuous powder processing apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein an outer diameter of the disk and an outer diameter of the rotation orbit of the tip of the blade are substantially equal to each other. The continuous powder processing apparatus according to claim 4 or 5 , wherein the disk and the partition plate are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction. a support member extending in the gap space in an axial direction of the rotary container and supporting the partition plate;
The continuous powder processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising: a scraper provided on the support member for scraping off powder adhering to an inner peripheral surface of the rotary container.

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