JP7620826B2 - Heat pump hot water system - Google Patents
Heat pump hot water system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7620826B2 JP7620826B2 JP2020193303A JP2020193303A JP7620826B2 JP 7620826 B2 JP7620826 B2 JP 7620826B2 JP 2020193303 A JP2020193303 A JP 2020193303A JP 2020193303 A JP2020193303 A JP 2020193303A JP 7620826 B2 JP7620826 B2 JP 7620826B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- hot water
- water storage
- heat pump
- storage operation
- power
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 281
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 153
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/12—Hot water central heating systems using heat pumps
Landscapes
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Description
本発明は、ヒートポンプ式熱源機と貯湯槽を備えたヒートポンプ給湯システムに関し、特に太陽光発電装置と商用電源から供給される電力を使用してヒートポンプ式熱源機で加熱した湯水を貯湯槽に貯湯する貯湯運転を行うヒートポンプ給湯システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a heat pump hot water supply system equipped with a heat pump type heat source unit and a hot water storage tank, and in particular to a heat pump hot water supply system that performs hot water storage operation by using electricity supplied from a solar power generation device and a commercial power source to heat hot water in the heat pump type heat source unit and store it in the hot water storage tank.
従来から、ヒートポンプ式熱源機を使用して加熱した湯水を貯湯槽に貯湯する貯湯運転を行い、貯湯槽に貯湯された湯水を給湯に使用するヒートポンプ給湯システムが広く利用されている。ヒートポンプ給湯システムは、過去の給湯使用履歴に基づいて、例えば将来の給湯使用時刻と給湯使用量を予測して給湯使用量に相当する必要熱量を算出し、予測した給湯使用時刻までに必要熱量を貯湯する。 Conventionally, heat pump hot water supply systems have been widely used, which perform a hot water storage operation in which hot water heated using a heat pump heat source device is stored in a hot water storage tank, and the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank is used for hot water supply. Based on the past hot water usage history, the heat pump hot water supply system predicts, for example, future hot water usage times and hot water usage amounts, calculates the required heat amount equivalent to the hot water usage amount, and stores the required heat amount until the predicted hot water usage time.
ヒートポンプ式熱源機は、外気の熱を利用して湯水を加熱する際に電力を消費する。電力は一般的に商用電源から供給されるが、太陽光発電装置が設置されている場合には、この太陽光発電装置によって発電した電力を自家消費し、不足分が商用電源から供給される。一方、自家消費されない余剰電力は、売電される、又は蓄電装置に蓄電される。例えば特許文献１には、太陽光発電の余剰電力を予測して、十分な余剰電力がある場合に貯湯運転を行う技術が記載されている。 Heat pump-type heat source machines consume electricity when using heat from outside air to heat hot water. Electricity is generally supplied from a commercial power source, but if a solar power generation device is installed, the electricity generated by the solar power generation device is consumed by the machine itself, and any shortfall is supplied from the commercial power source. Meanwhile, surplus electricity that is not consumed by the machine itself is sold or stored in a power storage device. For example, Patent Document 1 describes a technology that predicts surplus electricity from solar power generation and performs hot water storage operation when there is sufficient surplus electricity.
特許文献１のように、太陽光発電装置の余剰電力を貯湯運転に使用して商用電源からの電力供給を低減することができれば、ヒートポンプ給湯システムのエネルギーコストを低減することができる。 As in Patent Document 1, if the surplus electricity from the solar power generation system can be used for hot water storage operation to reduce the electricity supply from the commercial power source, the energy costs of the heat pump hot water supply system can be reduced.
しかし、余剰電力を検知する手段を備えていないヒートポンプ給湯システムは、余剰電力に応じて貯湯運転を制御することができないので、貯湯運転の消費電力が余剰電力を超過する場合があった。また、余剰電力を検知する手段を装備した場合には、ヒートポンプ給湯システムの製造コストが上昇するので好ましくない。 However, heat pump hot water supply systems that do not have a means for detecting surplus power cannot control hot water storage operation according to the surplus power, and there are cases where the power consumption during hot water storage operation exceeds the surplus power. In addition, if a means for detecting surplus power is provided, the manufacturing costs of the heat pump hot water supply system increase, which is not desirable.
本発明の目的は、余剰電力を検知する手段がなくても商用電源の電力使用を低減して貯湯運転を行うことができるヒートポンプ給湯システムを提供することである。 The object of the present invention is to provide a heat pump hot water supply system that can reduce the power consumption of commercial power sources and perform hot water storage operation even without a means for detecting surplus power.
請求項１の発明のヒートポンプ給湯システムは、ヒートポンプ式熱源機と、貯湯槽と、太陽光発電装置及び商用電源から供給される電力を使用して前記ヒートポンプ式熱源機で加熱した湯水を前記貯湯槽に貯湯する貯湯運転を制御する制御手段とを備えたヒートポンプ給湯システムにおいて、前記貯湯運転の消費電力を節約する節約モードを有し、前記太陽光発電装置による余剰電力の発生が予測される余剰電力時間帯が予め設定され、前記制御手段は、必要熱量を前記節約モードで貯湯する場合に、前記余剰電力時間帯に基づいて、前記余剰電力時間帯内に前記貯湯運転が完了するように最大貯湯運転時間を設定し、前記最大貯湯運転時間内に必要熱量の貯湯が完了するように設定可能な前記ヒートポンプ式熱源機の出力のうち、消費電力が最も小さくなる最低出力を前記ヒートポンプ式熱源機の出力として設定して前記貯湯運転を行うことを特徴としている。 The heat pump hot water supply system of the invention of claim 1 comprises a heat pump type heat source unit, a hot water storage tank, and a control means for controlling a hot water storage operation in which hot water heated by the heat pump type heat source unit is stored in the hot water storage tank using power supplied from a solar power generation unit and a commercial power source, the heat pump type hot water supply system having a saving mode for saving power consumption in the hot water storage operation, a surplus power time period in which surplus power is predicted to be generated by the solar power generation unit is set in advance, and when the required amount of heat is stored in the saving mode, the control means sets a maximum hot water storage operation time based on the surplus power time period so that the hot water storage operation is completed within the surplus power time period , and performs the hot water storage operation by setting the minimum output of the heat pump type heat source unit that has the smallest power consumption among the outputs of the heat pump type heat source unit that can be set so that storage of the required amount of heat is completed within the maximum hot water storage operation time as the output of the heat pump type heat source unit.
上記構成によれば、節約モードの貯湯運転では、余剰電力の発生が予測される余剰電力時間帯内に貯湯運転を完了できるように最大貯湯運転時間を設定し、最大貯湯運転時間内で必要熱量の貯湯を完了できるように設定可能なヒートポンプ式熱源機の出力のうち、消費電力が最も小さくなる最低出力を設定して貯湯する。従って、余剰電力を使用して貯湯運転を行って、余剰電力時間帯内で必要熱量の貯湯を完了することができる。そして、貯湯運転の消費電力を小さくしているので余剰電力を超過する場合が少なくなり、商用電源からの電力供給を低減することができるので、エネルギーコストを低減することができる。また、余剰電力を検知する手段が不要なので、ヒートポンプ給湯システムの製造コストの上昇を抑制することができる。 According to the above configuration, in the hot water storage operation in the saving mode, the maximum hot water storage operation time is set so that the hot water storage operation can be completed within the surplus power time period in which the generation of surplus power is predicted, and the minimum output that minimizes the power consumption is set among the outputs of the heat pump type heat source machine that can be set so that the storage of the required amount of hot water can be completed within the maximum hot water storage operation time, and hot water is stored. Therefore, the hot water storage operation can be performed using the surplus power, and the storage of the required amount of hot water can be completed within the surplus power time period . And since the power consumption of the hot water storage operation is reduced, there are fewer cases where the surplus power is exceeded, and the power supply from the commercial power source can be reduced, so that the energy cost can be reduced. In addition, since a means for detecting surplus power is not required, the increase in the manufacturing cost of the heat pump hot water supply system can be suppressed.
請求項２の発明のヒートポンプ給湯システムは、請求項１の発明において、前記余剰電力時間帯内に前記貯湯運転が完了する貯湯温度のうち、前記消費電力が最も小さい貯湯温度を設定して前記貯湯運転を行うことを特徴としている。
上記構成によれば、必要熱量の貯湯を完了することができると共に、貯湯運転の消費電力を一層低減して商用電源からの電力供給を低減することができる。
The heat pump hot water supply system of the invention of claim 2 is characterized in that, in the invention of claim 1, the hot water storage operation is performed by setting the hot water storage temperature that has the smallest power consumption among the hot water storage temperatures at which the hot water storage operation is completed within the surplus power time period.
According to the above configuration, it is possible to complete the storage of the required amount of hot water, and to further reduce the power consumption during the hot water storage operation, thereby reducing the power supply from the commercial power source.
本発明のヒートポンプ給湯システムによれば、余剰電力を検知する手段がなくても商用電源の電力使用を低減して貯湯運転を行うことができる。 The heat pump hot water supply system of the present invention can reduce commercial power consumption and perform hot water storage operation even without a means for detecting surplus power.
以下、本発明を実施するための形態について実施例に基づいて説明する。 The following describes the form for implementing the present invention based on examples.
最初に、ヒートポンプ給湯システム１の周辺構成について、図１に基づいて説明する。
ヒートポンプ給湯システム１は、主熱源機１０としてヒートポンプ式熱源機と、貯湯ユニット２０と、補助熱源機４０を有する。このヒートポンプ給湯システム１は、電力線１ａを介して分電盤２に接続されている。分電盤２は、商用電源に接続された商用電源線３から供給される電力と、太陽光発電装置４から供給される発電電力を、ヒートポンプ給湯システム１と図示外の電力を使用する機器に分配する。
First, the peripheral configuration of the heat pump hot water supply system 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
The heat pump hot water supply system 1 has a heat pump type heat source unit as a main heat source unit 10, a hot water storage unit 20, and an auxiliary heat source unit 40. This heat pump hot water supply system 1 is connected to a distribution board 2 via a power line 1a. The distribution board 2 distributes power supplied from a commercial power line 3 connected to a commercial power source and generated power supplied from a solar power generation device 4 to the heat pump hot water supply system 1 and devices that use power (not shown).
太陽光発電装置４は、ソーラーパネル５が太陽光を受けて発電した直流電力をまとめるための接続箱６と、接続箱６でまとめられた直流電力を交流電力（発電電力）に変換するために接続されたパワーコンディショナ７を有する。太陽光発電装置４から供給される発電電力は自家消費されると共に、自家消費されない余剰電力が分電盤２から商用電源に接続された商用電源線３を介して売電される。余剰電力は図示外の蓄電装置に蓄電されてもよい。 The solar power generation device 4 has a junction box 6 for combining the DC power generated by the solar panels 5 when exposed to sunlight, and a power conditioner 7 connected to convert the DC power combined in the junction box 6 into AC power (generated power). The generated power supplied from the solar power generation device 4 is consumed by the device itself, and surplus power that is not consumed by the device itself is sold via a commercial power line 3 connected from the distribution board 2 to a commercial power source. The surplus power may be stored in a power storage device (not shown).
ヒートポンプ給湯システム１は、分電盤２から供給される発電電力及び商用電力を夫々単独で使用して、又はこれらを併用して駆動される。ヒートポンプ給湯システム１に供給される電力は、電力線１ａを介して貯湯ユニット２０に供給され、貯湯ユニット２０から電源線１０ａ，４０ａを介して主熱源機１０、補助熱源機４０に供給される。尚、補助熱源機４０は分電盤２から電力が直接供給される場合もある。 The heat pump hot water supply system 1 is driven by using either the generated power or commercial power supplied from the distribution board 2, either alone or in combination. The power supplied to the heat pump hot water supply system 1 is supplied to the hot water storage unit 20 via power line 1a, and is supplied from the hot water storage unit 20 to the main heat source unit 10 and the auxiliary heat source unit 40 via power lines 10a, 40a. Note that the auxiliary heat source unit 40 may also be supplied with power directly from the distribution board 2.
ヒートポンプ給湯システム１について、図２に基づいて説明する。
ヒートポンプ給湯システム１は、主熱源機１０で加熱した湯水を貯湯ユニット２０の貯湯槽２１に貯湯する貯湯運転を行うように構成されている。貯湯槽２１に貯湯された湯水は、補助熱源機４０を介して例えば給湯栓８に供給される。補助熱源機４０は、例えば燃焼式熱源機であり、貯湯ユニット２０から供給される湯水を再加熱して、又は再加熱せずに給湯栓８に供給する。
The heat pump hot water supply system 1 will be described with reference to FIG.
The heat pump hot water supply system 1 is configured to perform a hot water storage operation in which hot water heated by the main heat source unit 10 is stored in the hot water storage tank 21 of the hot water storage unit 20. The hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 21 is supplied to, for example, the hot water tap 8 via the auxiliary heat source unit 40. The auxiliary heat source unit 40 is, for example, a combustion type heat source unit, and supplies the hot water supplied from the hot water storage unit 20 to the hot water tap 8 with or without reheating.
貯湯槽２１の下部には、主熱源機１０に貯湯槽２１の湯水を供給するために、ポンプ２２を備えた主熱源機往き通路２３が接続されている。貯湯槽２１の上部には、主熱源機１０で加熱された湯水を貯湯槽２１に供給するための主熱源機戻り通路２４が接続されている。主熱源機戻り通路２４の途中には、湯水の流路を切り替える切替弁２５が配設され、切替弁２５で主熱源機戻り通路２４から分岐された戻り分岐通路２４ａが、主熱源機往き通路２３のポンプ２２よりも上流側部分に接続されている。 A main heat source machine forward passage 23 equipped with a pump 22 is connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 21 in order to supply hot water from the hot water storage tank 21 to the main heat source machine 10. A main heat source machine return passage 24 is connected to the top of the hot water storage tank 21 in order to supply hot water heated by the main heat source machine 10 to the hot water storage tank 21. A switching valve 25 that switches the hot water flow path is disposed midway in the main heat source machine return passage 24, and a return branch passage 24a branched off from the main heat source machine return passage 24 by the switching valve 25 is connected to the upstream portion of the pump 22 of the main heat source machine forward passage 23.
主熱源機戻り通路２４の切替弁２５よりも上流側部分には、主熱源機１０で加熱された湯水の温度を検知する戻り温度センサ２４ｂが配設されている。例えば主熱源機１０の起動直後における戻り温度センサ２４ｂの検知温度が低い場合に、切替弁２５を貯湯槽２１側から戻り分岐通路２４ａ側に切り替えて、十分に加熱できるようになるまで貯湯槽２１に湯水を戻さずに循環させる。 A return temperature sensor 24b that detects the temperature of the hot water heated by the main heat source unit 10 is disposed upstream of the switching valve 25 in the main heat source unit return passage 24. For example, if the temperature detected by the return temperature sensor 24b immediately after starting up the main heat source unit 10 is low, the switching valve 25 is switched from the hot water storage tank 21 side to the return branch passage 24a side, and the hot water is circulated without being returned to the hot water storage tank 21 until it can be heated sufficiently.
貯湯槽２１の底部には、矢印ＣＷで示す上水を供給する給水通路２６が接続されている。貯湯槽２１の頂部には、貯湯槽２１の湯水を貯湯ユニット２０外に出湯するための出湯通路２７が接続されている。給水通路２６の途中から分岐された給水分岐通路２６ａは、出湯通路２７の途中に配設された混合弁２８に接続されている。貯湯槽２１には、複数の貯湯温度センサ２１ａ～２１ｄが配設され、貯湯槽２１に貯湯された湯水の温度と貯湯量を検知することができる。 A water supply passage 26 is connected to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 21, supplying clean water as indicated by the arrow CW. A hot water outlet passage 27 is connected to the top of the hot water storage tank 21, for discharging hot water from the hot water storage tank 21 outside the hot water storage unit 20. A water supply branch passage 26a, which branches off from the middle of the water supply passage 26, is connected to a mixing valve 28 disposed midway on the hot water outlet passage 27. A number of hot water temperature sensors 21a to 21d are disposed in the hot water storage tank 21, and can detect the temperature and amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 21.
給水通路２６には、給水通路２６から供給される上水の温度（給水温度）を検知する給水温度センサ２６ｂが配設されている。出湯通路２７には、貯湯ユニット２０からの出湯流量を検知する出湯流量センサ２７ａと、貯湯槽２１から出湯される湯水の温度（貯湯槽出湯温度）を検知する貯湯槽出湯温度センサ２７ｂと、貯湯ユニット２０からの出湯温度を検知する出湯温度センサ２７ｃが配設されている。 A supply water temperature sensor 26b is provided in the supply water passage 26 to detect the temperature of clean water (supply water temperature) supplied from the supply water passage 26. A hot water outlet passage 27 is provided with an outlet water flow rate sensor 27a to detect the outlet water flow rate from the hot water storage unit 20, a hot water storage tank outlet water temperature sensor 27b to detect the temperature of hot water discharged from the hot water storage tank 21 (hot water storage tank outlet water temperature), and an outlet water temperature sensor 27c to detect the outlet water temperature from the hot water storage unit 20.
貯湯ユニット２０の出湯通路２７と補助熱源機４０の給水口４０ａが湯水通路３１によって接続されている。補助熱源機４０の給湯口４０ｂには、給湯栓８に接続された給湯通路３２が接続されている。貯湯ユニット２０から出湯された湯水は、補助熱源機４０を介して給湯栓８に供給され、給湯栓８から矢印ＨＷで示すように給湯される。 The hot water outlet passage 27 of the hot water storage unit 20 and the water supply port 40a of the auxiliary heat source unit 40 are connected by a hot water passage 31. The hot water supply port 40b of the auxiliary heat source unit 40 is connected to a hot water supply passage 32 connected to the hot water tap 8. The hot water discharged from the hot water storage unit 20 is supplied to the hot water tap 8 via the auxiliary heat source unit 40, and is supplied from the hot water tap 8 as shown by the arrow HW.
貯湯ユニット２０は、貯湯運転を制御する制御部２９（制御手段）を有する。制御部２９は、ポンプ２２を駆動して貯湯槽２１と主熱源機１０の間で湯水を循環させ、主熱源機１０で加熱した湯水を貯湯槽２１の上部から貯湯する。また、制御部２９は、貯湯槽出湯温度と給水温度と出湯流量に基づいて、出湯温度センサ２７ｃで検知される温度が例えば予め設定された給湯設定温度又は所定温度になるように、混合弁２８における混合比を調整して出湯する。所定温度は、貯湯ユニット２０から供給される湯水を補助熱源機４０が給湯設定温度に加熱して給湯できるように設定されている。 The hot water storage unit 20 has a control unit 29 (control means) that controls the hot water storage operation. The control unit 29 drives the pump 22 to circulate hot water between the hot water storage tank 21 and the main heat source unit 10, and stores hot water heated by the main heat source unit 10 from the top of the hot water storage tank 21. The control unit 29 also adjusts the mixing ratio in the mixing valve 28 based on the hot water storage tank outlet temperature, the water supply temperature, and the hot water outlet flow rate, and supplies hot water so that the temperature detected by the outlet hot water temperature sensor 27c becomes, for example, a preset hot water supply setting temperature or a specified temperature. The specified temperature is set so that the auxiliary heat source unit 40 can heat the hot water supplied from the hot water storage unit 20 to the hot water supply setting temperature and supply hot water.
制御部２９には、例えば給湯設定温度をユーザが設定するための操作端末３０が接続されている。この操作端末３０は補助熱源機４０にも接続され、操作端末３０で設定された給湯設定温度の湯水を給湯栓８に供給することができるように構成されている。 The control unit 29 is connected to an operation terminal 30 that allows the user to set, for example, the hot water supply temperature setting. This operation terminal 30 is also connected to the auxiliary heat source unit 40, and is configured to be able to supply hot water at the hot water supply temperature setting set on the operation terminal 30 to the hot water tap 8.
図３に示すように、主熱源機１０は、圧縮機１１と凝縮熱交換器１２と膨張弁１３と蒸発熱交換器１４を冷媒通路１５により接続したヒートポンプ回路と、蒸発熱交換器１４に送風するための送風機１６と外気温度センサ１７を有する。貯湯運転では、主熱源機１０のヒートポンプ回路内に充填された冷媒を循環させ、圧縮機１１によって圧縮されて温度が上昇した冷媒が、凝縮熱交換器１２における熱交換によって、貯湯槽２１から供給される湯水を加熱する。 As shown in FIG. 3, the main heat source unit 10 has a heat pump circuit that connects a compressor 11, a condensing heat exchanger 12, an expansion valve 13, and an evaporative heat exchanger 14 through a refrigerant passage 15, a blower 16 for blowing air to the evaporative heat exchanger 14, and an outside air temperature sensor 17. In hot water storage operation, the refrigerant filled in the heat pump circuit of the main heat source unit 10 is circulated, and the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 and raised in temperature heats hot water supplied from the hot water storage tank 21 through heat exchange in the condensing heat exchanger 12.
熱交換によって温度が低下した冷媒は、膨張弁１３で断熱膨張して外気よりも低温になる。この低温の冷媒は、蒸発熱交換器１４において、送風機１６から送風される外気との熱交換によって加熱される。加熱された冷媒は、再び圧縮機１１に導入される。 The refrigerant, whose temperature has been reduced by the heat exchange, undergoes adiabatic expansion in the expansion valve 13, becoming colder than the outside air. This low-temperature refrigerant is heated in the evaporative heat exchanger 14 by heat exchange with the outside air blown by the blower 16. The heated refrigerant is then introduced back into the compressor 11.
制御部２９は、例えば記憶している過去の給湯使用履歴に基づいて、将来の給湯使用時刻と給湯使用量を予測して給湯使用量に相当する必要熱量を算出する。そして、制御部２９は、予測した給湯使用時刻までに必要熱量の貯湯が完了するように貯湯運転を制御する。 The control unit 29 predicts the future time and amount of hot water usage based on, for example, the stored history of past hot water usage, and calculates the required amount of heat equivalent to the amount of hot water usage.The control unit 29 then controls the hot water storage operation so that the storage of the required amount of heat is completed by the predicted time of hot water usage.
制御部２９は、貯湯運転を行うモードとして通常モードと節約モードを有する。通常モードは、給湯設定温度と給水温度と外気温度に基づいて、運転効率が高くなるように主熱源機１０の加熱能力（出力）と貯湯温度を設定して貯湯するモードである。節約モードは、貯湯運転の消費電力を節約するように主熱源機１０の出力と貯湯温度を設定して貯湯するモードである。どちらのモードでも、貯湯温度は給湯設定温度よりも高く設定され、貯湯温度が低い程、貯湯運転の運転効率が高くなると共に消費電力が小さくなる。また、主熱源機１０の出力が小さい程、貯湯運転の消費電力が小さくなる。 The control unit 29 has a normal mode and a saving mode as modes for hot water storage operation. The normal mode is a mode in which hot water is stored by setting the heating capacity (output) and hot water storage temperature of the main heat source unit 10 so as to increase the operating efficiency based on the hot water supply setting temperature, the water supply temperature, and the outside air temperature. The saving mode is a mode in which hot water is stored by setting the output and hot water storage temperature of the main heat source unit 10 so as to save power consumption in hot water storage operation. In either mode, the hot water storage temperature is set higher than the hot water supply setting temperature, and the lower the hot water storage temperature, the higher the operating efficiency of the hot water storage operation and the lower the power consumption. Also, the lower the output of the main heat source unit 10, the lower the power consumption in the hot water storage operation.
太陽光発電装置４の発電電力を使用することができるヒートポンプ給湯システム１のユーザは、貯湯運転のエネルギーコストを低減したい場合に、操作端末３０の操作によって通常モードから節約モードに切り替えることができる。節約モードでは、予測した給湯使用時刻までに、且つ太陽光発電装置４による余剰電力の発生が予測される余剰電力時間帯内に貯湯運転が完了するように設定可能な主熱源機１０の出力のうち、最低出力が主熱源機１０の出力として設定される。太陽光発電装置４の設置環境やユーザの生活態様に応じて余剰電力の発生状況が異なるので、余剰電力時間帯はユーザによる操作端末３０の操作によって予め設定されている。 When a user of the heat pump hot water supply system 1 that can use the power generated by the solar power generation device 4 wishes to reduce the energy cost of hot water storage operation, the user can switch from normal mode to saving mode by operating the operation terminal 30. In saving mode, the minimum output of the main heat source unit 10 that can be set so that hot water storage operation is completed by the predicted hot water use time and within the surplus power time period in which the solar power generation device 4 is predicted to generate surplus power is set as the output of the main heat source unit 10. Since the generation of surplus power differs depending on the installation environment of the solar power generation device 4 and the user's lifestyle, the surplus power time period is set in advance by the user operating the operation terminal 30.
次に、制御部２９による節約モードでの貯湯運転の制御について、図４のフローチャートに基づいて、図５の貯湯運転の消費電力テーブルを参照しながら説明する。図中のＳｉ（ｉ＝１，２，・・・）はステップを表す。 Next, the control of the hot water storage operation in the saving mode by the control unit 29 will be explained based on the flowchart in FIG. 4 and with reference to the power consumption table for the hot water storage operation in FIG. 5. In the figure, Si (i = 1, 2, ...) represents a step.
最初にＳ１において、予測した給湯使用時刻と余剰電力時間帯に基づいて、節約モードでの最大貯湯運転時間を設定してＳ２に進む。例えば現在時刻が１３時、予測した給湯使用時刻が１７時、余剰電力時間帯が９時～１６時に設定されている場合に、予測した給湯使用時刻までに且つ余剰電力時間帯内に貯湯を完了させるために、早い方の時刻の１６時に貯湯が完了するように最大貯湯運転時間を１８０分に設定する。 First, in S1, the maximum hot water storage operation time in saving mode is set based on the predicted hot water usage time and surplus power time zone, and then the process proceeds to S2. For example, if the current time is 13:00, the predicted hot water usage time is 17:00, and the surplus power time zone is set to 9:00 to 16:00, in order to complete hot water storage by the predicted hot water usage time and within the surplus power time zone, the maximum hot water storage operation time is set to 180 minutes so that hot water storage is completed at the earlier time of 16:00.
Ｓ２において、必要熱量が貯湯槽２１に貯湯可能な最大貯湯熱量以下か否か判定する。最大貯湯熱量は、貯湯温度と貯湯槽２１の容量で決まり、ここでは貯湯温度が６５［℃］のときの６５００［kcal］を最大貯湯熱量とする。貯湯運転では最大貯湯熱量を超える熱量を貯湯することができないので、不足分は給湯時に補助熱源機４０で補う。Ｓ２の判定がＹｅｓ（必要熱量が最大貯湯熱量以下）の場合にはＳ３に進み、Ｓ２の判定がＮｏ（必要熱量が最大貯湯熱量を超過）の場合にはＳ６に進む。 In S2, it is determined whether the required heat amount is equal to or less than the maximum heat amount that can be stored in the hot water storage tank 21. The maximum heat amount is determined by the hot water storage temperature and the capacity of the hot water storage tank 21, and here the maximum heat amount is set to 6,500 kcal when the hot water storage temperature is 65°C. Since it is not possible to store heat amount that exceeds the maximum heat amount during hot water storage operation, the shortfall is made up by the auxiliary heat source unit 40 during hot water supply. If the determination in S2 is Yes (the required heat amount is equal to or less than the maximum heat amount), proceed to S3, and if the determination in S2 is No (the required heat amount exceeds the maximum heat amount), proceed to S6.
Ｓ３において、必要熱量とＳ１で設定した最大貯湯運転時間に基づいて主熱源機１０の出力を設定してＳ４に進む。例えば、必要熱量が５２００［kcal］の場合には、最大貯湯運転時間内（１８０分以内）に貯湯を完了するために必要な出力が２８．９［kcal/min］以上であると算出される。そして、算出された必要な出力以上の設定可能な出力として、例えば３０，４０，５０［kcal/min］の出力のうち、消費電力が最も小さくなる最低出力の３０［kcal/min］を主熱源機１０の出力として設定する（図５参照）。 In S3, the output of the main heat source unit 10 is set based on the required heat amount and the maximum hot water storage operation time set in S1, and the process proceeds to S4. For example, if the required heat amount is 5200 [kcal], the output required to complete hot water storage within the maximum hot water storage operation time (within 180 minutes) is calculated to be 28.9 [kcal/min] or more. Then, of the settable outputs that are greater than the calculated required output, for example 30, 40, or 50 [kcal/min], the minimum output of 30 [kcal/min] that minimizes power consumption is set as the output of the main heat source unit 10 (see Figure 5).
Ｓ４において、必要熱量に基づいて貯湯温度を設定してＳ５に進む。例えば、給湯設定温度が４２［℃］に設定され、設定可能な貯湯温度が４５，５０，５５，６０，６５［℃］になっている。そして、設定可能な貯湯温度の湯水で貯湯槽２１を満たしたときの熱量が必要熱量の５２００［kcal］以上であり、必要熱量を貯湯可能な５５，６０，６５［℃］の貯湯温度うち、貯湯運転の消費電力が最も小さくなる最低温度の５５［℃］を貯湯温度に設定する（図５参照）。 In S4, the hot water storage temperature is set based on the required heat quantity, and the process proceeds to S5. For example, the hot water supply setting temperature is set to 42°C, and the settable hot water storage temperatures are 45, 50, 55, 60, and 65°C. The amount of heat generated when the hot water storage tank 21 is filled with hot water at the settable hot water storage temperature is equal to or exceeds the required heat quantity of 5,200 kcal. Of the hot water storage temperatures of 55, 60, and 65°C at which the required heat quantity can be stored, the hot water storage temperature is set to 55°C, the lowest temperature at which power consumption during hot water storage operation is minimized (see Figure 5).
上記Ｓ３，Ｓ４の消費電力は、給水温度と外気温度に基づいて、主熱源機１０の出力と貯湯温度に応じて制御部２９によって算出される。尚、予め給水温度、外気温度を夫々変えて出力と貯湯温度に応じて消費電力が算出された複数の消費電力テーブルが、制御部２９に記憶されていてもよい。 The power consumption in S3 and S4 above is calculated by the control unit 29 according to the output of the main heat source unit 10 and the hot water temperature, based on the water supply temperature and the outside air temperature. Note that the control unit 29 may store multiple power consumption tables in which the power consumption is calculated according to the output and hot water temperature by changing the water supply temperature and the outside air temperature.
Ｓ５において、Ｓ３で設定した主熱源機１０の出力で、Ｓ４で設定した貯湯温度の貯湯運転を実行し、必要熱量の貯湯が完了したら貯湯運転の制御を終了する。 In S5, hot water storage operation is performed at the hot water storage temperature set in S4 with the output of the main heat source unit 10 set in S3, and when the required amount of heat has been stored, control of the hot water storage operation is terminated.
一方、Ｓ２の判定がＮｏの場合にＳ６において、最大貯湯熱量と最大貯湯運転時間に基づいて主熱源機１０の出力を設定してＳ７に進む。例えば必要熱量が７０００［kcal］の場合に、最大貯湯熱量の６５００［kcal］の貯湯を最大貯湯運転時間内に完了するために必要な出力が、３６．１［kcal/min］以上であると算出される。この必要な出力以上の設定可能な出力として例えば４０，５０［kcal/min］の出力のうち、消費電力が最も小さくなる最低出力の４０［kcal/min］を主熱源機１０の出力として設定する（図５参照）。このＳ６の消費電力も上記と同様に、給水温度と外気温度に基づいて、主熱源機１０の出力と貯湯温度に応じて制御部２９によって算出されてもよく、予め算出された複数の消費電力テーブルが制御部２９に記憶されていてもよい。 On the other hand, if the judgment in S2 is No, in S6, the output of the main heat source unit 10 is set based on the maximum hot water storage heat amount and the maximum hot water storage operation time, and the process proceeds to S7. For example, when the required heat amount is 7000 [kcal], the output required to complete the hot water storage of the maximum hot water storage heat amount of 6500 [kcal] within the maximum hot water storage operation time is calculated to be 36.1 [kcal/min] or more. Of the settable outputs of, for example, 40 and 50 [kcal/min] that are greater than the required output, the minimum output of 40 [kcal/min] that minimizes power consumption is set as the output of the main heat source unit 10 (see FIG. 5). The power consumption in S6 may also be calculated by the control unit 29 according to the output of the main heat source unit 10 and the hot water storage temperature based on the water supply temperature and the outside air temperature, as described above, or a plurality of pre-calculated power consumption tables may be stored in the control unit 29.
次にＳ７において、貯湯温度を最高温度に設定してＳ５に進む。例えば、設定可能な貯湯温度が４５，５０，５５，６０，６５［℃］の場合に、最大貯湯熱量の貯湯が可能な最高温度の６５［℃］を貯湯温度に設定する。そしてＳ５において、Ｓ６で設定した主熱源機１０の出力で、Ｓ７で設定した貯湯温度の貯湯運転を実行し、最大貯湯熱量の貯湯が完了したら貯湯運転の制御を終了する。 Next, in S7, the hot water storage temperature is set to the maximum temperature, and the process proceeds to S5. For example, if the settable hot water storage temperatures are 45, 50, 55, 60, and 65°C, the hot water storage temperature is set to 65°C, which is the maximum temperature at which the maximum amount of hot water heat can be stored. Then, in S5, hot water storage operation is performed at the hot water storage temperature set in S7 with the output of the main heat source unit 10 set in S6, and when the maximum amount of hot water heat has been stored, control of the hot water storage operation is terminated.
上記ヒートポンプ給湯システム１の作用、効果について説明する。
節約モードの貯湯運転では、余剰電力の発生が予測される余剰電力時間帯内に必要熱量を貯湯することができる主熱源機１０の出力のうち、最低出力を設定して貯湯する。従って、余剰電力を使用して貯湯運転を行って、必要熱量の貯湯を完了することができる。そして、貯湯運転の消費電力を小さくしているので余剰電力を超過する場合が少なくなり、商用電源からの電力供給を低減することができるので、エネルギーコストを低減することができる。また、余剰電力を検知する手段が不要なので、ヒートポンプ給湯システム１の製造コストの上昇を抑制することができる。
The operation and effects of the heat pump hot water supply system 1 will now be described.
In the hot water storage operation in the saving mode, the minimum output of the main heat source unit 10 that can store the required amount of heat during the surplus power time period when the generation of surplus power is predicted is set and hot water is stored. Therefore, the hot water storage operation is performed using the surplus power, and the storage of the required amount of heat can be completed. Furthermore, since the power consumption in the hot water storage operation is small, there are fewer cases where the surplus power is exceeded, and the power supply from the commercial power source can be reduced, thereby reducing energy costs. In addition, since there is no need for a means for detecting surplus power, the increase in manufacturing costs of the heat pump hot water supply system 1 can be suppressed.
また、余剰電力時間帯内に貯湯運転が完了する貯湯温度のうち、消費電力が最も小さい貯湯温度を設定して貯湯運転を行う。これにより、余剰電力時間帯内に必要熱量の貯湯を完了することができると共に、貯湯運転の消費電力を一層低減して商用電源からの電力供給を低減することができる。 In addition, among the hot water storage temperatures at which hot water storage operation is completed within the surplus power period, the hot water storage temperature that requires the least amount of power is set and hot water storage operation is performed. This allows the storage of the required amount of heat to be completed within the surplus power period, and further reduces the power consumption of the hot water storage operation, thereby reducing the power supply from the commercial power source.
ヒートポンプ給湯システム１は、貯湯ユニット２０に補助熱源機４０が内蔵され、貯湯ユニット２０から貯湯槽２１の湯水を温度調整して、又は補助熱源機４０で加熱された湯水を温度調整して、給湯栓８に給湯するように構成されていてもよい。また、上記の主熱源機１０の設定可能な出力、設定可能な貯湯温度は、説明するための例示に過ぎず、上記に限定されるものではない。 The heat pump hot water supply system 1 may be configured such that an auxiliary heat source unit 40 is built into the hot water storage unit 20, and hot water is supplied to the hot water tap 8 by adjusting the temperature of the hot water in the hot water storage tank 21 from the hot water storage unit 20, or by adjusting the temperature of hot water heated by the auxiliary heat source unit 40. Furthermore, the settable output and settable hot water storage temperature of the main heat source unit 10 described above are merely examples for explanatory purposes, and are not limited to the above.
その他、当業者であれば、本発明の趣旨を逸脱することなく、上記実施形態に種々の変更を付加した形態で実施可能であり、本発明はそのような変更形態を包含するものである。 In addition, those skilled in the art can implement the above-described embodiments in various modified forms without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the present invention includes such modified forms.
１ ：ヒートポンプ給湯システム
２ ：分電盤
３ ：商用電源線
４ ：太陽光発電装置
５ ：ソーラーパネル
６ ：接続箱
７ ：パワーコンディショナ
８ ：給湯栓
１０ ：主熱源機（ヒートポンプ式熱源機）
１１ ：圧縮機
１２ ：凝縮熱交換器
１３ ：膨張弁
１４ ：蒸発熱交換器
１５ ：冷媒通路
１６ ：送風機
１７ ：外気温度センサ
２０ ：貯湯ユニット
２１ ：貯湯槽
２１ａ～２１ｄ：貯湯温度センサ
２２ ：ポンプ
２３ ：熱源機往き通路
２４ ：熱源機戻り通路
２４ａ ：戻り分岐通路
２４ｂ ：戻り温度センサ
２５ ：切替弁
２６ ：給水通路
２６ａ ：給水分岐通路
２６ｂ ：給水温度センサ
２７ ：出湯通路
２７ａ ：出湯流量センサ
２７ｂ ：貯湯槽出湯温度センサ
２７ｃ ：出湯温度センサ
２８ ：混合弁
２９ ：制御部（制御手段）
３０ ：操作端末
３１ ：湯水通路
３２ ：給湯通路
４０ ：補助熱源機
1: Heat pump hot water supply system 2: Distribution board 3: Commercial power line 4: Photovoltaic power generation device 5: Solar panel 6: Junction box 7: Power conditioner 8: Hot water tap 10: Main heat source unit (heat pump type heat source unit)
11: Compressor 12: Condensation heat exchanger 13: Expansion valve 14: Evaporation heat exchanger 15: Refrigerant passage 16: Blower 17: Outside air temperature sensor 20: Hot water storage unit 21: Hot water storage tanks 21a to 21d: Hot water storage temperature sensor 22: Pump 23: Heat source unit forward passage 24: Heat source unit return passage 24a: Return branch passage 24b: Return temperature sensor 25: Switching valve 26: Water supply passage 26a: Water supply branch passage 26b: Water supply temperature sensor 27: Hot water outlet passage 27a: Hot water outlet flow rate sensor 27b: Hot water storage tank outlet hot water temperature sensor 27c: Outlet hot water temperature sensor 28: Mixing valve 29: Control unit (control means)
30: Operation terminal 31: Hot water passage 32: Hot water supply passage 40: Auxiliary heat source unit
Claims (2)
前記貯湯運転の消費電力を節約する節約モードを有し、
前記太陽光発電装置による余剰電力の発生が予測される余剰電力時間帯が予め設定され、
前記制御手段は、必要熱量を前記節約モードで貯湯する場合に、前記余剰電力時間帯に基づいて、前記余剰電力時間帯内に前記貯湯運転が完了するように最大貯湯運転時間を設定し、
前記最大貯湯運転時間内に必要熱量の貯湯が完了するように設定可能な前記ヒートポンプ式熱源機の出力のうち、消費電力が最も小さくなる最低出力を前記ヒートポンプ式熱源機の出力として設定して前記貯湯運転を行うことを特徴とするヒートポンプ給湯システム。 A heat pump hot water supply system including a heat pump type heat source device, a hot water storage tank, and a control means for controlling a hot water storage operation in which hot water heated by the heat pump type heat source device is stored in the hot water storage tank using power supplied from a solar power generation device and a commercial power source,
A saving mode for saving power consumption in the hot water storage operation is provided,
A surplus power time period during which the generation of surplus power by the solar power generation device is predicted is set in advance;
the control means sets a maximum hot water storage operation time based on the surplus power time zone when storing the required heat amount in the saving mode so that the hot water storage operation is completed within the surplus power time zone ,
A heat pump hot water supply system characterized in that the hot water storage operation is performed by setting the output of the heat pump type heat source unit to the minimum output that minimizes power consumption among the outputs of the heat pump type heat source unit that can be set so that the storage of the required amount of heat is completed within the maximum hot water storage operation time.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020193303A JP7620826B2 (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2020-11-20 | Heat pump hot water system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020193303A JP7620826B2 (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2020-11-20 | Heat pump hot water system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2022082016A JP2022082016A (en) | 2022-06-01 |
| JP7620826B2 true JP7620826B2 (en) | 2025-01-24 |
Family
ID=81801434
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020193303A Active JP7620826B2 (en) | 2020-11-20 | 2020-11-20 | Heat pump hot water system |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP7620826B2 (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012172915A (en) | 2011-02-22 | 2012-09-10 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Electric water heater system, heating means control device, control method, and program |
| US20130038122A1 (en) | 2011-08-08 | 2013-02-14 | Jay Andrew Broniak | Managing excess renewable energy |
| JP2013219848A (en) | 2012-04-04 | 2013-10-24 | Denso Corp | Apparatus control system |
| JP2015218967A (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2015-12-07 | 三菱電機株式会社 | PV-linked hot water storage system |
| JP2017099214A (en) | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-01 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Water heater management apparatus, gateway apparatus, water heater management system, and program |
| JP2017116138A (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Heat pump water heater |
-
2020
- 2020-11-20 JP JP2020193303A patent/JP7620826B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012172915A (en) | 2011-02-22 | 2012-09-10 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Electric water heater system, heating means control device, control method, and program |
| US20130038122A1 (en) | 2011-08-08 | 2013-02-14 | Jay Andrew Broniak | Managing excess renewable energy |
| JP2013219848A (en) | 2012-04-04 | 2013-10-24 | Denso Corp | Apparatus control system |
| JP2015218967A (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2015-12-07 | 三菱電機株式会社 | PV-linked hot water storage system |
| JP2017099214A (en) | 2015-11-27 | 2017-06-01 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Water heater management apparatus, gateway apparatus, water heater management system, and program |
| JP2017116138A (en) | 2015-12-22 | 2017-06-29 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Heat pump water heater |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2022082016A (en) | 2022-06-01 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| JP5300717B2 (en) | Cogeneration system | |
| JP6289440B2 (en) | Heat pump water heater | |
| US20220235970A1 (en) | Solar Heat Pump Water Heater | |
| WO1996009501A1 (en) | Solar thermal storage apparatus and hot water supply system including same | |
| JP2012013293A (en) | Heat supply system | |
| JP4934009B2 (en) | Heat source water supply system | |
| JP5829492B2 (en) | Hot water storage type hot water supply system and operation control method thereof | |
| JP7620826B2 (en) | Heat pump hot water system | |
| JP2005147494A (en) | Multi-temperature heat storage tank and heat storage system using the same | |
| JP7116907B2 (en) | hot water storage system | |
| JP2004101134A (en) | Hot water storage type hot-water feeder | |
| JP7260352B2 (en) | energy supply system | |
| JP6036016B2 (en) | Heat pump hot water supply system | |
| JP2004139914A (en) | Fuel cell power generation / hot water supply system | |
| JP4531490B2 (en) | Solar heat combined utilization system, operation control method thereof, program, and recording medium | |
| JP2022001811A (en) | Heat pump hot water supply system | |
| CN119436565A (en) | Control method and control system of dual energy water heater | |
| CN117490120A (en) | A heat pump heating system and a control method of a heat pump heating system | |
| JP6963749B2 (en) | Hot water storage system | |
| JP6780367B2 (en) | Hot water storage and hot water supply device | |
| JP3857951B2 (en) | Bath equipment | |
| JP7145381B2 (en) | Hot water storage water heater | |
| JP2011185573A (en) | Heat supply device | |
| JP2023062876A (en) | Hot water supply system | |
| JP2022001810A (en) | Hot water storage system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20231004 |
|
| A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20240718 |
|
| A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20240819 |
|
| A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20241018 |
|
| TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
| A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20241211 |
|
| A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20241224 |
|
| R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Ref document number: 7620826 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |