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JP7621144B2 - How desiccant is manufactured - Google Patents
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JP7621144B2 - How desiccant is manufactured - Google Patents

How desiccant is manufactured Download PDF

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JP7621144B2
JP7621144B2 JP2021040614A JP2021040614A JP7621144B2 JP 7621144 B2 JP7621144 B2 JP 7621144B2 JP 2021040614 A JP2021040614 A JP 2021040614A JP 2021040614 A JP2021040614 A JP 2021040614A JP 7621144 B2 JP7621144 B2 JP 7621144B2
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bottom ash
desiccant
incineration
carbonation
incineration bottom
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JP2022139995A (en
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智洋 藤沼
裕介 藤倉
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Fujita Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/91Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete

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Description

本開示は、乾燥剤の製造方法に関する。 This disclosure relates to a method for producing a desiccant.

焼却施設で発生する焼却灰等を溶融、固化した溶融スラグを建設材料として利用することが知られている(例えば、特許文献1)。溶融化は、焼却灰等の容積を減少させるとともに、重金属類を無害化することができる。 It is known that molten slag, which is made by melting and solidifying incineration ash generated at incineration facilities, can be used as a construction material (for example, see Patent Document 1). Melting reduces the volume of incineration ash and can render heavy metals harmless.

特開平9-194240号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 9-194240

しかしながら、溶融化では、焼却灰等を1000℃以上の高温で溶融し、冷却して固化するため、膨大なエネルギーを必要とし、汎用化が難しいという問題があった。また、焼却灰の再資源化は、排出量に対する再資源化率が依然として低いままであり、新たな展開先が望まれている。 However, melting requires melting incineration ash at high temperatures of over 1000°C and then solidifying it by cooling, which requires a huge amount of energy and makes it difficult to generalize. In addition, the recycling rate of incineration ash relative to the amount of waste generated remains low, so new areas for development are desired.

本開示は、上記の課題に鑑みてなされたものであって、省エネルギーで焼却主灰を再資源化することができる乾燥剤の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 This disclosure was made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a method for producing a desiccant that can recycle incineration bottom ash while saving energy.

上記の目的を達成するため、本開示の一態様の乾燥剤の製造方法は、焼却主灰を分級する分級工程と、前記分級工程の後に所定範囲の粒径の前記焼却主灰に対して炭酸化処理を施す炭酸化工程と、前記炭酸化工程の後に炭酸化処理を施された前記焼却主灰を成分に含む乾燥剤を製造する製造工程と、を含む。 In order to achieve the above object, the method for producing a desiccant according to one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a classification process for classifying incineration bottom ash, a carbonation process for carbonating the incineration bottom ash having a particle size within a predetermined range after the classification process, and a production process for producing a desiccant containing the incineration bottom ash that has been carbonated after the carbonation process.

乾燥剤の製造方法の望ましい態様として、前記炭酸化工程では、炭酸化処理を施す間に前記焼却主灰を攪拌する。 In a preferred embodiment of the method for producing a desiccant, the bottom ash is agitated during the carbonation process.

乾燥剤の製造方法の望ましい態様として、前記所定範囲は、150μm以上2.5mm以下である。 In a preferred embodiment of the method for manufacturing a desiccant, the specified range is 150 μm or more and 2.5 mm or less.

本開示によれば、省エネルギーで焼却主灰を乾燥剤として再資源化することができる。 According to this disclosure, incineration bottom ash can be recycled as a desiccant while saving energy.

図1は、実施形態の乾燥剤の製造方法を示すフローチャートである。FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a method for producing a desiccant according to an embodiment. 図2は、実施形態に係る乾燥剤の製造システムの一例を示す模式図である。FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a system for producing a desiccant according to an embodiment.

以下に、本開示につき図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。なお、本開示は、以下の実施形態の記載に限定されるものではない。また、以下の実施形態における構成要素には、当業者が置換可能、且つ、容易なもの、或いは実質的に同一のものが含まれる。さらに、以下に記載した実施形態における構成要素は、本開示の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で構成の種々の省略、置換又は変更を行うことができる。以下の実施形態では、本開示の実施形態を例示する上で、必要となる構成要素を説明し、その他の構成要素を省略する。 The present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Note that the present disclosure is not limited to the description of the following embodiments. Furthermore, the components in the following embodiments include those that are replaceable and easy for a person skilled in the art, or those that are substantially the same. Furthermore, the components in the embodiments described below can be omitted, replaced, or modified in various ways without departing from the gist of the present disclosure. In the following embodiments, the components necessary to illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described, and other components will be omitted.

(実施形態)
図1は、実施形態の乾燥剤100の製造方法を示すフローチャートである。図2は、実施形態に係る乾燥剤100の製造システム1の一例を示す模式図である。実施形態の乾燥剤100の製造方法は、焼却主灰110を成分に含む乾燥剤100の製造方法である。乾燥剤100は、吸湿性及び吸水性を有する。なお、乾燥剤100は、以下の説明では顆粒であるものとして説明するが、本開示では錠剤でもよい。
(Embodiment)
Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing a method for producing a desiccant 100 according to an embodiment. Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a system 1 for producing a desiccant 100 according to an embodiment. The method for producing a desiccant 100 according to an embodiment is a method for producing a desiccant 100 containing incineration bottom ash 110 as an ingredient. The desiccant 100 has hygroscopicity and water absorbency. Note that, although the desiccant 100 is described below as being in the form of granules, it may be in the form of tablets in the present disclosure.

図1に示すように、実施形態の乾燥剤100の製造方法は、分級工程S11と、炭酸化工程S12と、製造工程S13と、を含む。また、図2に示すように、実施形態の乾燥剤100の製造システム1は、分級機10と、炭酸化処理装置20と、製造設備30と、を備える。 As shown in FIG. 1, the manufacturing method of the desiccant 100 of the embodiment includes a classification process S11, a carbonation process S12, and a manufacturing process S13. Also, as shown in FIG. 2, the manufacturing system 1 of the desiccant 100 of the embodiment includes a classifier 10, a carbonation treatment device 20, and a manufacturing facility 30.

分級工程S11は、焼却主灰110を分級する工程である。焼却主灰110は、焼却灰のうち焼却炉等の底部から回収される焼却残留物を示し、燃焼ガスと共に巻き上がり集塵装置で回収される焼却飛灰とは区別される。焼却主灰110の成分は、主に、酸化カルシウム(CaO)、二酸化ケイ素(SiO)、酸化アルミニウム(Al)等を含む。 The classification step S11 is a step of classifying the incineration bottom ash 110. The incineration bottom ash 110 refers to the incineration residue recovered from the bottom of an incineration furnace or the like, and is distinguished from the incineration fly ash that is blown up together with the combustion gas and collected by a dust collector. The components of the incineration bottom ash 110 mainly include calcium oxide (CaO), silicon dioxide (SiO 2 ), aluminum oxide (Al 2 O 3 ), etc.

分級工程S11は、実施形態において、製造システム1の分級機10において実施される。分級機10は、図2に示すように、焼却施設から排出された焼却主灰110を粒子径及び形状等によって分級する。焼却主灰110は、分級機10によって所定範囲の粒径の焼却主灰111と所定範囲外の粒径の焼却主灰112とに分級されて、所定範囲の粒径の焼却主灰111のみが炭酸化処理装置20へ搬送される。所定範囲は、実施形態において、150μm以上2.5mm以下である。 In an embodiment, the classification process S11 is performed in a classifier 10 of the manufacturing system 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the classifier 10 classifies the incineration bottom ash 110 discharged from the incineration facility according to particle size, shape, etc. The incineration bottom ash 110 is classified by the classifier 10 into incineration bottom ash 111 having a particle size within a predetermined range and incineration bottom ash 112 having a particle size outside the predetermined range, and only the incineration bottom ash 111 having a particle size within the predetermined range is transported to the carbonation treatment device 20. In an embodiment, the predetermined range is 150 μm or more and 2.5 mm or less.

分級機10は、焼却残留物から焼却主灰、鉄くず及び鉄系夾雑物等を選別する機能を有する分級選別設備であってもよい。分級選別設備は、例えば、スケルトンバケットによって焼却残留物を荒く選別する。所定サイズ未満の残渣は、例えば、最終処分される。分級選別設備は、例えば、弱磁力の磁選機によって所定サイズ以上の粒体及び紛体から大きな鉄くずを回収する。次に、分級選別設備は、例えば、強磁力の磁選機によって釘及び針金等の細かい鉄系夾雑物を除去する。回収した鉄くずは、例えば、専門業者によって処分される。次に、分級選別設備は、焼却主灰110等の粉体を粒子径及び形状等によって分級する。所定サイズより大きい残渣は、例えば、最終処分される。 The classifier 10 may be a classification and sorting equipment having a function of separating incineration bottom ash, scrap iron, and iron-based impurities from the incineration residue. The classification and sorting equipment roughly separates the incineration residue using, for example, a skeleton bucket. Residues smaller than a predetermined size are, for example, disposed of as a final disposal. The classification and sorting equipment collects large scrap iron from granules and powders of a predetermined size or larger using, for example, a weak magnetic separator. Next, the classification and sorting equipment removes fine iron-based impurities such as nails and wires using, for example, a strong magnetic separator. The collected scrap iron is disposed of, for example, by a specialized company. Next, the classification and sorting equipment classifies powders such as the incineration bottom ash 110 according to particle size and shape. Residues larger than a predetermined size are, for example, disposed of as a final disposal.

炭酸化工程S12は、所定範囲の粒径の焼却主灰111に対して炭酸化処理を施す工程である。炭酸化工程S12における炭酸化処理は、焼却主灰111に炭酸ガス(二酸化炭素(CO))を触れさせる処理である。炭酸化工程S12で用いる炭酸ガスは、例えば、石炭、石油、天然ガス等を燃料とする火力発電所から排出される炭酸ガスである。 The carbonation step S12 is a step of carbonating the incineration bottom ash 111 having a particle size within a predetermined range. The carbonation step S12 is a step of bringing the incineration bottom ash 111 into contact with carbon dioxide gas (carbon dioxide (CO 2 )). The carbon dioxide gas used in the carbonation step S12 is, for example, carbon dioxide gas discharged from a thermal power plant that uses coal, petroleum, natural gas, or the like as fuel.

炭酸化工程S12は、実施形態において、製造システム1の炭酸化処理装置20において実施される。図2に示すように、分級機10から搬送された所定範囲の粒径の焼却主灰111が、炭酸化処理装置20に搬入される。炭酸化処理装置20には、炭酸ガスが導入される。 In an embodiment, the carbonation process S12 is carried out in the carbonation treatment device 20 of the manufacturing system 1. As shown in FIG. 2, incineration bottom ash 111 having a particle size within a predetermined range transported from the classifier 10 is brought into the carbonation treatment device 20. Carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the carbonation treatment device 20.

炭酸化工程S12では、炭酸化処理装置20の容器(炭酸化処理槽)に焼却主灰111が配置される。容器は、例えば略直方体状の可搬式コンテナである。可搬式コンテナは、例えば車両の荷台に載せることができる。容器は、内部空間を鉛直方向に分割する隔壁を備える。隔壁は、容器の底面と平行な板状部材であって、複数の通気口を備える。焼却主灰110は、隔壁の上に置かれる。 In the carbonation step S12, the incineration bottom ash 111 is placed in the container (carbonation treatment tank) of the carbonation treatment device 20. The container is, for example, a portable container having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The portable container can be placed, for example, on the bed of a vehicle. The container has a partition wall that divides the internal space vertically. The partition wall is a plate-shaped member parallel to the bottom surface of the container and has multiple ventilation holes. The incineration bottom ash 110 is placed on top of the partition wall.

隔壁の上に焼却主灰111が載った状態で、隔壁の下側の空間に炭酸ガスが導入される。炭酸ガスは、隔壁の通気口を通って焼却主灰111に接触する。焼却主灰111は、炭酸ガスを吸収することで炭酸化する。具体的には、焼却主灰111に含有される酸化カルシウム等のカルシウム成分が炭酸化し、炭酸カルシウム(CaCO)が生成される。炭酸化工程S12によって、二酸化炭素が焼却主灰111に吸収される。 With the incineration bottom ash 111 placed on the partition, carbon dioxide gas is introduced into the space below the partition. The carbon dioxide gas comes into contact with the incineration bottom ash 111 through the ventilation hole in the partition. The incineration bottom ash 111 is carbonated by absorbing the carbon dioxide gas. Specifically, calcium components such as calcium oxide contained in the incineration bottom ash 111 are carbonated, and calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) is generated. Carbon dioxide is absorbed into the incineration bottom ash 111 by the carbonation process S12.

すなわち、二酸化炭素が、炭酸塩として焼却主灰111に固定化される。また、炭酸化工程S12によって、焼却主灰111に含有される鉛(Pb)等の重金属が難溶化する。なお、炭酸化工程S12では、炭酸化処理を施す間、すなわち、焼却主灰111を収容した容器に炭酸ガスを導入している間、焼却主灰111を攪拌して、焼却主灰111に対して均一に炭酸化ガスを触れさせることが好ましい。炭酸化処理を施された焼却主灰120は、製造設備30へ搬送される。 That is, carbon dioxide is fixed in the incineration bottom ash 111 as carbonate. Furthermore, heavy metals such as lead (Pb) contained in the incineration bottom ash 111 become less soluble through the carbonation process S12. Note that in the carbonation process S12, it is preferable to stir the incineration bottom ash 111 during the carbonation process, i.e., while carbon dioxide gas is being introduced into the container containing the incineration bottom ash 111, so that the carbonation gas is evenly exposed to the incineration bottom ash 111. The incineration bottom ash 120 that has been subjected to the carbonation process is transported to the manufacturing facility 30.

製造工程S13は、炭酸化処理を施された焼却主灰120を成分に含む乾燥剤100を製造する工程である。製造工程S13は、実施形態において、製造システム1の製造設備30において実施される。図2に示すように、炭酸化処理装置20から搬出された焼却主灰120は、製造設備30に搬入される。 The manufacturing process S13 is a process for manufacturing a desiccant 100 containing carbonation-treated incineration bottom ash 120 as an ingredient. In the embodiment, the manufacturing process S13 is carried out in the manufacturing equipment 30 of the manufacturing system 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the incineration bottom ash 120 discharged from the carbonation treatment device 20 is transported to the manufacturing equipment 30.

製造設備30は、包材に焼却主灰120を充填させる充填機等を含む。製造工程S13において、例えば、焼却主灰120の成分が100%未満である乾燥剤100を製造する場合、製造設備30は、焼却主灰120と他の成分物質とを混練する混練機等を含む。実施形態の製造工程S13では顆粒の乾燥剤100を製造するが、製造工程S13において、例えば、錠剤の乾燥剤を製造する場合、製造設備30は、打錠機、フィルムコーティング機、乾燥機、梱包機等を含む。 The manufacturing equipment 30 includes a filling machine that fills the packaging material with the incineration bottom ash 120. In the manufacturing process S13, for example, when manufacturing a desiccant 100 containing less than 100% incineration bottom ash 120, the manufacturing equipment 30 includes a kneading machine that kneads the incineration bottom ash 120 with other component substances. In the manufacturing process S13 of the embodiment, a granular desiccant 100 is manufactured, but in the manufacturing process S13, for example, when a tablet desiccant is manufactured, the manufacturing equipment 30 includes a tablet press, a film coating machine, a dryer, a packaging machine, etc.

以上で説明したように、実施形態の乾燥剤100の製造方法は、焼却主灰110を分級する分級工程S11と、分級工程S11の後に所定範囲の粒径の焼却主灰111に対して炭酸化処理を施す炭酸化工程S12と、炭酸化工程S12の後に炭酸化処理を施された焼却主灰120を成分に含む乾燥剤100を製造する製造工程S13と、を含む。 As described above, the manufacturing method of the desiccant 100 of the embodiment includes a classification process S11 for classifying the incineration bottom ash 110, a carbonation process S12 for carbonating the incineration bottom ash 111 having a particle size within a predetermined range after the classification process S11, and a manufacturing process S13 for manufacturing the desiccant 100 containing the incineration bottom ash 120 that has been carbonated after the carbonation process S12.

焼却主灰110は、多孔質な細孔構造を有し、この細孔構造によって優れた吸湿及び吸水効果を有する。分級工程S11において乾燥剤100に使用する焼却主灰110の粒径を所定の範囲内に限定することによって、焼却主灰110の細孔構造を均一化することができるので、乾燥剤100の吸湿効果及び吸水効果を均一にすることができる。また、炭酸化工程S12によって焼却主灰110に含有する鉛等の重金属を難溶化することができるので、炭酸化された焼却主灰120を成分に含む乾燥剤100からの鉛等の溶出を抑制することができる。さらに、実施形態の乾燥剤100の製造方法は、高温や高温からの冷却が必要とされる溶融化と比較して、簡易的かつ省エネルギーで焼却主灰110を再資源化することができる。 The incineration bottom ash 110 has a porous pore structure, which provides excellent moisture absorption and water absorption effects. By limiting the particle size of the incineration bottom ash 110 used in the desiccant 100 in the classification process S11 to a predetermined range, the pore structure of the incineration bottom ash 110 can be made uniform, so that the moisture absorption and water absorption effects of the desiccant 100 can be made uniform. In addition, the carbonation process S12 can make heavy metals such as lead contained in the incineration bottom ash 110 less soluble, so that the elution of lead and the like from the desiccant 100 containing carbonated incineration bottom ash 120 as a component can be suppressed. Furthermore, the manufacturing method of the desiccant 100 of the embodiment can recycle the incineration bottom ash 110 simply and with less energy than melting, which requires high temperature or cooling from high temperature.

また、実施形態の乾燥剤100の製造方法において、炭酸化工程S12では、炭酸化処理を施す間に焼却主灰111を攪拌する。これにより、炭酸化処理装置20等で炭酸化処理された焼却主灰120の炭酸化の程度を均一にできる。 In addition, in the manufacturing method of the desiccant 100 of the embodiment, in the carbonation process S12, the incineration bottom ash 111 is stirred during the carbonation treatment. This makes it possible to make the degree of carbonation of the incineration bottom ash 120 carbonated by the carbonation treatment device 20 or the like uniform.

また、実施形態の乾燥剤100の製造方法において、所定範囲は、150μm以上2.5mm以下である。これにより、乾燥剤100の吸湿効果及び吸水効果を均一にすることができるとともに、吸湿効果及び吸水効果を向上させることができる。 In addition, in the manufacturing method of the desiccant 100 of the embodiment, the predetermined range is 150 μm or more and 2.5 mm or less. This makes it possible to make the moisture absorption effect and water absorption effect of the desiccant 100 uniform and improve the moisture absorption effect and water absorption effect.

なお、各実施形態において説明した各構成は、発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で各実施形態内の他の構成と組み合わせてもよい。また、これらの各構成は、発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で各実施形態とは異なる他の実施形態内の構成と組み合わせてもよい。また、発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、種々の改変を行ってもよい。 Note that each configuration described in each embodiment may be combined with other configurations in each embodiment without departing from the spirit of the invention. Furthermore, each of these configurations may be combined with configurations in other embodiments different from each embodiment without departing from the spirit of the invention. Furthermore, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

例えば、炭酸化工程S12で用いる炭酸ガスは、必ずしも石炭、石油、天然ガス等を燃料とする火力発電所から排出される炭酸ガスでなくてもよい。炭酸ガスは、例えば、セメントの製造工場等の工場、化学プラント、焼却施設等から排出される炭酸ガスであってもよい。炭酸ガスは、炭酸化工程S12に用いるために生成されたガスであってもよい。 For example, the carbon dioxide gas used in the carbonation process S12 does not necessarily have to be carbon dioxide gas discharged from a thermal power plant that uses coal, oil, natural gas, or the like as fuel. The carbon dioxide gas may be carbon dioxide gas discharged from, for example, a factory such as a cement manufacturing plant, a chemical plant, an incineration facility, or the like. The carbon dioxide gas may be gas generated for use in the carbonation process S12.

1 製造システム
10 分級機
20 炭酸化処理装置
30 製造設備
100 乾燥剤
110、111、112、120 焼却主灰
S11 分級工程
S12 炭酸化工程
S13 製造工程
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Manufacturing system 10 Classifier 20 Carbonation treatment device 30 Manufacturing equipment 100 Desiccant 110, 111, 112, 120 Incineration bottom ash S11 Classification process S12 Carbonation process S13 Manufacturing process

Claims (2)

焼却主灰を分級する分級工程と、
前記分級工程の後に、150μm以上2.5mm以下の粒径の前記焼却主灰に対して、水を添加せずに炭酸化処理を施す炭酸化工程と、
前記炭酸化工程の後に炭酸化処理を施された前記焼却主灰を成分に含む乾燥剤を製造する製造工程と、
を含む、乾燥剤の製造方法。
A classification process for classifying the incineration bottom ash;
A carbonation process in which the incineration bottom ash having a particle size of 150 μm or more and 2.5 mm or less is carbonated without adding water after the classification process;
a manufacturing process for manufacturing a desiccant containing the incineration bottom ash that has been subjected to a carbonation treatment after the carbonation process;
A method for producing a desiccant, comprising:
前記炭酸化工程では、炭酸化処理を施す間に前記焼却主灰を攪拌する、
請求項1に記載の乾燥剤の製造方法。
In the carbonation step, the incineration bottom ash is stirred during the carbonation treatment.
A method for producing the desiccant according to claim 1.
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JP2016182560A (en) 2015-03-26 2016-10-20 Jfeエンジニアリング株式会社 Incineration ash treatment apparatus, waste incinerator and waste incineration method

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JP2002004447A (en) 2000-06-22 2002-01-09 Clion Co Ltd Humidity control building materials
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JP2006255705A (en) 2006-06-19 2006-09-28 Jfe Steel Kk Method for producing carbonated solid
JP2010221156A (en) 2009-03-24 2010-10-07 Taiheiyo Cement Corp Artificial water retaining material and method for producing the same
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