JP7623253B2 - Driving training device and driving training method - Google Patents

Description

This disclosure relates to a driving training device and a driving training method.

To train operators involved in plant operation, a simulator device that simulates a plant is used. This type of simulator device reproduces the behavior of the plant by using a computational model constructed based on the actual plant. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a simulator device that prepares multiple computational models for use in simulation and can realize simulations according to different parameter behaviors by switching between them depending on the situation. Patent Document 2 discloses an operation training simulator that can perform simulations by combining a computational model for calculating parameters for the entire nuclear plant with a computational model for calculating only key parameters when responding to a severe accident.

JP 2014-115520 A JP 2014-006178 A

Conventional simulation devices such as those described above tend to have a high computational load because they use a computational model constructed with the aim of accurately reproducing the training subject. For example, when the training subject is a specific serious accident response facility that is attached to a nuclear plant to respond to serious accidents, etc., constructing a highly accurate computational model for the entire plant including the nuclear plant and the specific serious accident response facility results in a high computational load during simulation. Training involving such a high computational load can only be performed on specific equipment that can handle the computational load, and there are many restrictions.

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and aims to provide a driving training device and a driving training method that can perform training using a computational model with a small computational load.

In order to solve the above problems, a driving training device according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
A computation model simulation unit is provided for simulating a system including a first facility and a second facility that is a training subject and that affects the operation of the first facility, using a computation model;
The computational model is
A first computation model that simulates the first facility;
A second computation model that simulates the second facility;
Equipped with
The first computational model is constructed based on a configuration of the first facility that is simplified so as to reduce the number of multiple systems that the first facility has.

In order to solve the above problems, at least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a driving training method,
A method for training an operator to simulate a system including a first facility and a second facility that is a training subject and that affects an operation of the first facility, using a computational model, comprising:
The computational model is
A first computation model that simulates the first facility;
A second computational model that simulates the second facility;
Equipped with
The first computational model is constructed based on a configuration of the first facility that is simplified so as to reduce the number of multiple systems that the first facility has.

At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a driving training device and a driving training method that can perform training using a computational model with a low computational load.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a system according to an embodiment; 1 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a driving training device according to an embodiment; 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which the configuration of the first facility in FIG. 1 is simplified in order to construct the first computation model in FIG. 2 . FIG. 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a driving training device according to another embodiment. 5 is an example of a time change in a calculation result output from the driving training device of FIG. 4.

Below, several embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative positions, etc. of the components described as the embodiments or shown in the drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention and are merely illustrative examples.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a system 1 according to an embodiment. The system 1 is operated by an operator who is a training subject of an operation training device 100 according to at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, and is configured to include a first facility 2 and a second facility 4. The first facility 2 is a facility operated by the operator, and the second facility 4 is a facility that affects the operation of the first facility 2.
In the following, as shown in FIG. 1, a nuclear power plant will be described as an example of a system 1, but the system 1 is not limited thereto.

The first facility 2 is a nuclear reactor facility 6. The nuclear reactor facility 6 is configured to include a nuclear reactor 8, a primary cooling system 10, a pressurizer 12, and a steam generator 16 within a reactor containment vessel 7.

The reactor 8 is constructed by housing fuel assemblies, control rod clusters, and other reactor internal structures 9 inside a reactor vessel 18, which is a pressure vessel. The fuel assemblies have multiple fuel rods containing pellet-shaped nuclear fuel (e.g., uranium fuel, MOX fuel, etc.), and the control rod clusters are made up of multiple control rods arranged in a dispersed manner. The control rod clusters are capable of absorbing neutrons generated in the reactor core containing nuclear fuel, and the number of neutrons is adjusted by inserting and withdrawing them from the fuel assemblies, thereby controlling the reactor output.

The primary cooling system 10 has multiple primary cooling loops, which are flow paths for circulating the primary coolant, which is a heat transfer medium, between the reactor vessel 18 and the steam generator 16. The primary cooling loops are provided with primary cooling pumps 20 for circulating the primary coolant, and FIG. 1 shows one of the multiple primary cooling loops as a representative example.

The pressurizer 12 pressurizes the inside of the primary cooling system 10 so that the primary coolant flowing through the primary cooling system 10 does not boil. The pressurizer 12 is connected, for example, via a relief valve 13 so as to branch off from the primary cooling system 10.

The steam generator 16 is a heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the secondary cooling water flowing through the turbine equipment (not shown) and the primary coolant flowing through the primary cooling system 10 to heat the secondary cooling water and generate steam.

The second facility 4 is a facility that affects the operation of the nuclear reactor facility 6, which is the first facility 2. In this embodiment, the second facility 4 is, as an example, a specific serious accident response facility 22 for responding to a specific serious accident that occurs in the nuclear reactor facility 6. The specific configuration of the specific serious accident response facility 22 is not limited, but FIG. 1 shows, as some examples, a gas turbine generator 24 for supplying emergency power to the nuclear reactor facility 6, a filter vent facility 26 with a filtering function for removing radioactive materials contained in the internal atmosphere and discharging them to the outside when the pressure inside the reactor containment vessel 7 increases, and a CV spray facility 28 for cooling the reactor containment vessel 7 by injecting cooling water as a coolant from a spray installed inside the vessel when the internal temperature rises.

Figure 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the driving training device 100 according to one embodiment. The driving training device 100 is a device for training an operator who handles the second equipment 4 of the system 1 having the above configuration. The driving training device 100 is composed of, for example, a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a RAM (Random Access Memory), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and a computer-readable storage medium. A series of processes for realizing various functions are stored in a storage medium or the like in the form of a program, and the CPU reads this program into the RAM or the like and executes information processing and arithmetic processing to realize various functions. The program may be installed in a ROM or other storage medium in advance, provided in a state stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or distributed via a wired or wireless communication means. Computer-readable storage media include magnetic disks, magneto-optical disks, CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, semiconductor memories, etc.

The driving training device 100 includes an operation information acquisition unit 110, a model calculation unit 120, and a calculation result output unit 130.

The operation information acquisition unit 110 is configured to acquire information (operation information) related to the operation of the operator who is the training subject. For example, the operation training device 100 is equipped with an input device corresponding to the terminal operated by the operator when operating the system 1, and information input to the device via a human interface (e.g., an operation button, an operation lever, a keyboard, a mouse, etc.) is acquired as operation information.

The model calculation unit 120 is configured to calculate the operating state of the system using a calculation model M corresponding to the system 1 having the above configuration. The calculation model M possessed by the model calculation unit 120 is constructed in advance to simulate the operation of the system 1 having the above configuration. The calculation model M is constructed to receive operation information acquired by the operation information acquisition unit 110 and output a calculation result simulating the operation of the system 1 corresponding to the operation information.

The calculation result output unit 130 included in the driver training device 100 may be configured to display the calculation results in the model calculation unit 120 on multiple screens. This allows the simulated state of the system 1 to be displayed on multiple screens, making it possible to provide effective training, for example, on a system operated by an operator while referring to multiple screens, or on a system operated by multiple operators while each referring to a screen.

The computation model M includes a first computation model M1 and a second computation model M2. The first computation model M1 is a computation model that simulates the first equipment 2 of the system 1, and the second computation model M2 is a computation model that simulates the second equipment 4 of the system 1. Each parameter included in the operation information acquired by the operation information acquisition unit 110 is appropriately input to the first computation model M1 and the second computation model M2, respectively, and the computation results of the first computation model M1 and the second computation model M2 are output from the computation result output unit 130.

In this embodiment, the second calculation model M2 corresponds to the second equipment 4, which is the training subject (the subject to be operated by the operator), and is constructed to accurately simulate the behavior of the second equipment 4 in order to perform highly accurate training. Therefore, it is preferable that the second calculation model M2 is constructed in relatively detail so that the behavior of the second equipment 4 can be reproduced with high accuracy. Note that the second calculation model M2 may be constructed in a somewhat simplified manner without strictly simulating the second equipment 4, but the degree of simplification is preferably within a range that allows the purpose of accurately reproducing the behavior of the second equipment 4 to be achieved, and the model is constructed in relatively detail.

On the other hand, the first calculation model M1 corresponds to the first equipment 2 that is affected as a result of the second equipment 4 being operated by the operator. In other words, the first calculation model M1 is constructed to be somewhat simplified in order to simulate the first equipment 2, which is not the object of operation by the operator like the second equipment 4, but is affected by the operation. Compared to the above-mentioned second calculation model M2, the first calculation model M1 is constructed to be more simplified. Specifically, if the concept of simplicity is introduced as a parameter indicating the degree of simplification, with a calculation model constructed to reproduce strict behavior being 0%, the first calculation model M1 is constructed to be more simplified than the second calculation model M2.

For example, a parameter that is expected to vary widely, such as the core thermal power in the event of a specific severe accident, may be included in the second calculation model M2, which has a low degree of simplicity, by using a physical formula. Also, a parameter that is expected to vary monotonically, such as the containment vessel pressure in the event of a specific severe accident, may be included in the first calculation model M1, which has a high degree of simplicity, as a function formula based on condition judgment, so as to reduce the amount of calculation as much as possible.
In addition, facilities for dealing with specific major accidents, etc. can be simulated in detail by including them in the second calculation model M2, while other existing systems (reactor cooling system (RCS), reactor containment vessel (CV), core, etc.) can be simplified by including them in the first calculation model M1 using an appropriate simulation method for each parameter.
In the simulation using the first calculation model M1 and the second calculation model M2, in order to enable monitoring operation training with the same feel as an actual machine, all calculations may be performed in real-time simulation as the basic calculation speed, but as a variation in calculation speed, a speed-up function such as 1/2 speed, 1 speed, 2 speed, 10 speed, and 20 speed may be set.
Moreover, the first calculation model M1 and the second calculation model M2 exchange necessary parameters with each other via an interface (not shown). The parameters exchanged between the models in this manner include, for example, the amount of water, the amount of heat, and the state of the equipment in each system.

The first calculation model M1 is constructed to simulate at least a partially simplified configuration of the first equipment 2 in order to obtain a higher degree of simplicity than the second calculation model M2.

Here, FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which the configuration of the first facility 2 in FIG. 1 is simplified to construct the first calculation model M1 in FIG. 2. In this example, the configurations of the reactor 8 (reactor vessel 18 and reactor internals 9) contained in the reactor vessel 7 in FIG. 1, the pressurizer 12, the relief valve 13, ... are simplified, and other configurations are omitted. The configuration to be simplified in the first facility 2 in this way is not limited, but for example, when the first facility 2 is provided with multiple equivalent elements, the number of these multiple elements may be reduced. In the first facility 2 described above, since the primary cooling system 10 has multiple primary cooling loops, by simulating a configuration in which these primary cooling loops are combined into one, it is possible to obtain a first calculation model M1 with a low calculation burden while maintaining relatively good simulation accuracy.

As described above, according to the above embodiment, the calculation model M for simulating the system 1 includes the first calculation model M1 and the second calculation model M2. The first calculation model M1 simulates the first equipment 2, which is the training target of the system 1, and the second calculation model M2 simulates the second equipment 4, which is another configuration of the system 1 that affects the first equipment 2. The second calculation model M2 is constructed based on the configuration of the second equipment 4, which is simplified to reduce the number of multiple systems (primary cooling loops) that the second equipment 4 has, and can effectively reduce the calculation load while ensuring simulation accuracy for the first equipment 2, which is the training target. This makes it possible to provide high-quality training with high convenience on a wide range of devices, including mobile terminals such as laptops.

Next, FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a driving training device 100 according to another embodiment. In this embodiment, compared to FIG. 2, a training mode switching unit 140 and a scenario playback unit 150 are further provided.

The training mode switching unit 140 is configured to switch the training mode of the driving training device 100. In this embodiment, the driving training device 100 is provided with a model calculation mode and a scenario playback mode, and the training mode switching unit 140 is configured to select one of the training modes. Such switching of the training mode is performed when a predetermined switching condition is met in the training mode switching unit 140, as described below.

As mentioned above, in the model calculation mode, operation training is performed by using the calculation model M to obtain calculation results from input based on the operator's operations. In contrast, in the scenario playback mode, the time-dependent changes in the calculation results are played back based on a preset scenario, regardless of the operator's operations.

The scenario replay unit 150 is configured to replay the time change of the calculation result output from the calculation result output unit 130 as a preset scenario when the scenario replay mode is selected by the training mode switching unit 140. The scenario replayed by the scenario replay unit 150 is preset and prepared in a readable manner on a storage medium (not shown) possessed by the driving training device 100.

Figure 5 shows an example of the change over time in the calculation results (for example, the temperature of the primary coolant [°C]) output from the operation training device 100 in Figure 4. Figure 4 shows an example in which the scenario playback mode is selected from time t0 to t1, and a specific switching condition is met at time t1, causing the model calculation mode to be selected thereafter.

For example, in a nuclear power plant, when a specific serious accident occurs, operators in another location, such as a central control room, move to the second facility 4, which is a facility for dealing with specific serious accidents, and then the specific serious accident is dealt with. In order to train for such a situation, the operator training device 100 selects a scenario playback mode from time t0 to t1, which corresponds to the time before the start of dealing with the specific serious accident. During this time period, the operators are in the pre-stage of starting to deal with the specific serious accident, so simulation using a computational model is not necessary, and by playing back a preset scenario, sufficient simulation can be performed while reducing the computational burden.

At time t1 when the mode is switched to the model calculation mode, a predetermined switching condition is satisfied. The predetermined switching condition can be set as appropriate, but in the above-mentioned example of the nuclear power plant, the start of the operation to deal with a specific serious accident by the operator can be determined based on whether at least one of the following conditions is satisfied:
(i) Has a predetermined period of time elapsed since the occurrence of a specific serious accident, etc.?
(ii) Were the prescribed operations carried out when starting to respond to a specific serious accident, etc.?
(iii) Did the scenario-played parameters reach pre-set criteria?

When the above (i) is used as the switching condition, the time when the scenario assumed in the use of the specific serious accident response equipment starts to affect the simulation model (for example, the time when the specific serious accident response equipment starts to operate and starts injection into the core) can be used as the preset time. In this case, the plant state when shifting from scenario playback to simulation can be made the same, and the operator can start operation based on that state.
When the above (ii) is used as the switching condition, a predetermined operation is adopted as a trigger for switching to the model calculation mode, so that the timing of switching to the model calculation mode can be adjusted by the operator, who is the user. In this case, for example, an operation of starting injection into the core by operating equipment of the specific serious accident response equipment can be adopted as the predetermined operation.
In addition, when the above (iii) is used as the switching condition, it is advantageous in that it is possible to faithfully reproduce the initial state simulation in which parameters fluctuate significantly due to the occurrence of a specific serious accident, etc., by reproducing the scenario, which is a transient change that is difficult to reproduce by model calculation.

As described above, according to this embodiment, by switching between scenario playback and model calculation, the calculation burden can be effectively reduced compared to when the entire training is performed using model calculation. This makes it possible to provide high-quality training with high convenience on a wide range of devices, including mobile terminals such as laptops.

In addition, the components in the above-described embodiments may be replaced with well-known components as appropriate without departing from the spirit of this disclosure, and the above-described embodiments may be combined as appropriate.

The contents described in each of the above embodiments can be understood, for example, as follows:

(1) A driving training device (100) according to one aspect includes:
A model calculation unit (130) for simulating a system (1) including a first facility (2) and a second facility (4) that is a training subject and that affects the operation of the first facility, using a calculation model (M);
The computational model is
A first calculation model (M1) that simulates the first facility;
A second calculation model (M2) that simulates the second facility;
Equipped with
The first computational model is constructed based on a configuration of the first facility that is simplified so as to reduce the number of multiple systems that the first facility has.

According to the above aspect (1), the computational model for simulating the system includes a first computational model and a second computational model. The first computational model simulates a first facility of the system, and the second computational model simulates a second facility, which is the training target and is another configuration of the system that affects the first facility. The first computational model is constructed based on the configuration of the first facility that is simplified to reduce the number of multiple systems that the first facility has, and can effectively reduce the computational load while ensuring simulation accuracy for the second facility that is the training target. This makes it possible to provide high-quality training with high convenience on a wide range of devices, including mobile terminals such as laptops.

(2) In another embodiment, in the above embodiment (1),
The first computation model is constructed based on the configuration in which the multiple systems are simplified into one system.

According to the above aspect (2), when constructing a first calculation model based on the configuration of the first facility, the calculation load of the first calculation model can be effectively reduced by simplifying the multiple systems of the first facility into one.

(3) In another embodiment, in the above (1) or (2),
The system further includes a scenario replay unit (150) that simulates operation of the system based on a preset scenario,
a switching unit (140) for switching between a simulation of operation of the system by the scenario reproducing unit or the model calculating unit;
Equipped with.

According to the above aspect (3), the simulation of the operation of the system can be performed according to a preset scenario in addition to the simulation using the computational model as described above. The simulation using the computational model and the simulation based on the scenario can be switched between each other by a switching unit. Since the simulation based on the scenario has a smaller computation load than the simulation using the computational model, a driving training device with a smaller computation load can be realized.

(4) In another embodiment, in the above embodiment (3),
The switching unit is configured to switch from the scenario replay unit to the simulation of the operation of the system by the model calculation unit when a predetermined condition is satisfied while the operation of the system is being simulated by the scenario simulation unit.

According to the above aspect (4), by switching from a simulation based on a scenario to a simulation using a computational model, provided that a certain condition is satisfied, it is possible to perform training that accurately reproduces the behavior of the system while reducing the computational load.

(5) In another embodiment, in the above embodiment (4),
The predetermined condition includes at least one of: (i) the passage of a preset time, (ii) the performance of a pre-specified operation, or (iii) a parameter related to the operation of the system reaching a preset criterion.

According to the above aspect (5), switching from a simulation based on a scenario to a simulation using a computational model is performed under the condition that at least one of (i) to (iii) is satisfied.

(6) In another aspect, in any one of the above (1) to (5),
A simulated state of the system can be displayed on multiple screens.

According to the above aspect (6), by displaying the simulated state of the system on multiple screens, it is possible to carry out effective training, for example, on a system operated by an operator while referring to multiple screens, or on a system operated by multiple operators each referring to a screen.

(7) In another aspect, in any one of the above (1) to (6),
The second facility is a facility for dealing with specific serious accidents, etc. at a nuclear power plant,
The first facility is the target of response by the specific serious accident response facility.

According to the above aspect (7), training can be preferably conducted for a nuclear power plant equipped with a specific serious accident response facility for responding to a serious accident or the like that occurs at the nuclear power plant. In particular, by simplifying the second calculation model as described above, which simulates a nuclear power plant other than the specific serious accident response facility that is the subject of the training, the overall model calculation load can be preferably reduced.

(8) In another aspect, in any one of the above (1) to (7),
The multiple systems are multiple loops through which the reactor coolant circulates.

According to the above aspect (8), the first computational model is constructed based on a simplified configuration of multiple loops through which the reactor coolant circulates, thereby effectively reducing the overall computational load.

(9) A driving training method according to one embodiment includes:
A method for training an operator to simulate a system (1) including a first equipment (2) and a second equipment (4) that is a training subject and that affects the operation of the first equipment, using a computational model (M),
The computational model is
A first calculation model (M1) that simulates the first facility;
A second calculation model (M2) that simulates the second facility;
Equipped with
The first computational model is constructed based on a configuration of the first facility that is simplified so as to reduce the number of multiple systems that the first facility has.

According to the above aspect (9), the computational model for simulating the system includes a first computational model and a second computational model. The first computational model simulates a first facility in the system, and the second computational model simulates a second facility, which is the training target and is another component of the system that affects the first facility. The first computational model is constructed based on the configuration of the first facility that is simplified to reduce the number of multiple systems that the first facility has, and thus can effectively reduce the computational load while ensuring simulation accuracy for the second facility that is the training target. This makes it possible to provide high-quality training with high convenience on a wide range of devices, including mobile terminals such as laptops.

Reference Signs List 1 System 2 First equipment 4 Second equipment 6 Reactor equipment 7 Reactor containment vessel 8 Reactor 9 Reactor internal structure 10 Primary cooling system 12 Pressurizer 13 Relief valve 16 Steam generator 18 Reactor vessel 20 Primary cooling pump 22 Facility for dealing with specific serious accidents, etc. 24 Gas turbine generator 26 Filter vent equipment 28 Spray equipment 100 Operation training device 110 Operation information acquisition unit 120 Model calculation unit 130 Calculation result output unit 140 Training mode switching unit 150 Scenario playback unit M Calculation model M1 First calculation model M2 Second calculation model

Claims (10)

A model calculation unit for simulating a system including a first facility and a second facility that is a training subject and affects the operation of the first facility using a calculation model;
The computational model is
A first computation model that simulates the first facility;
A second computation model that simulates the second facility;
Equipped with
The first computation model is constructed based on a configuration of the first facility that is simplified to reduce the number of multiple systems that the first facility has ;
The second facility is a facility for dealing with specific serious accidents, etc. at a nuclear power plant,
The first facility is a driving training device that is the target of response by the specific serious accident response facility . The driving training device according to claim 1, wherein the first computational model is constructed based on the configuration in which the multiple systems are simplified into one system. a scenario replay unit that simulates operation of the system based on a preset scenario,
a switching unit for switching between a simulation of the operation of the system by the scenario reproducing unit and a simulation of the operation of the system by the model calculating unit;
A driving training device according to claim 1 or 2, comprising: The driving training device according to claim 3 , wherein the switching unit is configured to switch from the scenario replay unit to the simulation of the operation of the system by the model calculation unit when a predetermined condition is satisfied while the operation of the system is being simulated by the scenario replay unit. The driving training device according to claim 4, wherein the predetermined condition includes at least one of: (i) the passage of a preset time, (ii) the execution of a preset operation, or (iii) a parameter related to the operation of the system reaching a preset standard. The driving training device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the simulated state of the system can be displayed on multiple screens. 7. The operator training device according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of systems are a plurality of loops through which a coolant of a nuclear reactor circulates. A model calculation unit for simulating a system including a first facility and a second facility that is a training subject and affects the operation of the first facility using a calculation model;
The computational model is
A first computation model that simulates the first facility;
A second computation model that simulates the second facility;
Equipped with
The first computation model is constructed based on a configuration of the first facility that is simplified to reduce the number of multiple systems that the first facility has;
An operation training device, wherein the multiple systems are multiple loops through which reactor coolant circulates. A method for training an operator to simulate a system including a first facility and a second facility that is a training subject and that affects an operation of the first facility, using a computational model, comprising:
The computational model is
A first computation model that simulates the first facility;
A second computation model that simulates the second facility;
Equipped with
The first computation model is constructed based on a configuration of the first facility that is simplified to reduce the number of multiple systems that the first facility has ;
The second facility is a facility for dealing with specific serious accidents, etc. at a nuclear power plant,
The first facility is a target of response by the specific serious accident response facility . A method for training an operator to simulate a system including a first facility and a second facility that is a training subject and that affects an operation of the first facility, using a computational model, comprising:
The computational model is
A first computation model that simulates the first facility;
A second computation model that simulates the second facility;
Equipped with
The first computation model is constructed based on a configuration of the first facility that is simplified to reduce the number of multiple systems that the first facility has;
The operation training method, wherein the multiple systems are multiple loops through which a coolant of a nuclear reactor circulates.

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