JP7624308B2 - Liner mounting structure and crusher - Google Patents

Description

The present invention primarily relates to a liner mounting structure for mounting a liner to components that make up a crusher.

Conventionally, a liner has been removably attached inside a crusher that crushes the input material. Patent Document 1 discloses a liner mounting structure.

Patent document 1 shows a structure for attaching a liner to the crusher body using bolts and nuts.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-43953

However, in a structure where the liner is attached using bolts and nuts, the bolts can break due to the impact of crushing or when attaching or removing the liner, making it very difficult to attach or remove the liner.

The problem that the present invention aims to solve is as described above. Next, we will explain the means for solving this problem and its effects.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a liner mounting structure for mounting a liner to a component constituting a crusher is provided. That is, the liner mounting structure includes a pin, a spring, a pressing member, and a spring case . The pin is arranged to pass through a first hole formed in the liner and a second hole formed in the component, and has a first head that cannot pass through the first hole, and a second head located on the opposite side of the first head in the axial direction. The spring is arranged on the opposite side of the liner across the component, and is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the pin. A third hole is formed in the pressing member, and by rotating the pressing member around the axial direction as a rotation axis, the pressing member switches between an open state in which the second head can pass through the third hole and a locked state in which the second head cannot pass through the third hole. In the locked state, the second head is pressed in a direction away from the component by the biasing force received from the spring. The spring has a receiving portion that covers at least a portion of the spring and that, when the spring compresses beyond a certain distance, comes into contact with the pressing member to suppress further compression of the spring.

This means that problems similar to the bolt breakage that occurred in the past do not occur, making it less likely that installation and removal will become difficult.

The present invention makes it possible to realize a liner mounting structure that is less likely to cause problems when attaching and detaching the liner.

1 is a schematic diagram of an overall configuration of a crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention; Assembly drawing of the liner mounting structure. A process diagram showing the process of attaching a liner to a crusher casing.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall configuration of a crusher 1.

The crusher 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a machine that crushes raw materials (materials to be processed), such as rocks, by applying impacts and shocks. The crusher 1 mainly comprises a casing 2, a transmission shaft 3, a rotor 4, a striking plate 5, a collision plate 6, and a liner 7.

The casing 2 is hollow, and the internal space of the casing 2 contains parts for applying impacts and shocks (striking plate 5, collision plate 6, etc.). The top surface of the casing 2 is provided with a supply port 2a, which is an opening for feeding raw materials from above. The bottom surface of the casing 2 is provided with a discharge port 2b, which is an opening for discharging crushed material, which is the crushed raw materials. Inside the casing 2, a raw material path is formed from the supply port 2a to the discharge port 2b.

The transmission shaft 3 is arranged horizontally so as to pass through the internal space of the casing 2. The transmission shaft 3 is rotatably supported by the casing 2. The transmission shaft 3 rotates when a driving force is transmitted from an electric motor (not shown) or the like.

The rotor 4 is located approximately below the center of the internal space of the casing 2 and is fixed to the transmission shaft 3. Therefore, the rotor 4 can rotate integrally with the transmission shaft 3. A number of striking plates 5 are fixed to the rotor 4. The collision plate 6 is located above the rotor 4 in a position facing the striking plate 5. The collision plate 6 applies an impact force to the raw materials by the raw materials being blown away by the strike of the striking plate 5, thereby crushing the raw materials more effectively.

A number of liners 7 are arranged on the inner wall surface of the casing 2 as protective members for the casing 2. The liners 7 are removably attached to the casing 2 by a liner attachment structure 10 described below. Therefore, if the liner 7 becomes worn due to contact with the raw material, the liner 7 can be replaced. In this embodiment, one liner 7 is attached by multiple liner attachment structures 10. The shape of the liner 7 and the range in which the liner 7 is provided shown in FIG. 1 are examples and may differ from those shown in FIG. 1.

Next, the configuration of the components that make up the liner mounting structure 10 will be described with reference to Figure 2. Figure 2 is an assembly diagram of the liner mounting structure 10. Figure 3 shows the liner mounting structure 10 after assembly.

The liner mounting structure 10 is a structure for removably mounting the liner 7 to the casing 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the liner mounting structure 10 includes a retaining member 20, a spring 30, a spring case 40, a bolt 51, a nut 52, and a pin 60. In the following description, the axial direction (longitudinal direction) of the spring 30 and the pin 60 may be simply referred to as the axial direction. Viewing the members in the axial direction may be simply referred to as a planar view. The shape of a cross section cut by a plane perpendicular to the axial direction may be simply referred to as the cross-sectional shape.

The pressing member 20 is a member for restricting the extension of the spring 30 and generating the spring force of the spring 30. The pressing member 20 is configured with a third hole 22, a fixing groove 23, and a bolt hole 24 formed in a flat, elongated main body portion 21.

The third hole 22 is a through hole formed in the center of the main body 21. The third hole 22 is configured to allow the pin 60 (particularly the second head 63 described below) to pass through. The depth direction of the third hole 22 coincides with the axial direction. The cross-sectional shape of the third hole 22 is rectangular. The cross-sectional shape of the third hole 22 is not limited to a rectangle, and may be elongated (in other words, a shape in which the length in the first direction is longer than the length in the second direction perpendicular thereto).

The fixing groove 23 is a non-penetrating groove formed in the center of the main body 21. The fixing groove 23 is configured to accommodate the second head 63. In this specification, "fit" refers to a part or whole of an object fitting into a groove, hole, etc. The fixing groove 23 is formed to intersect with the third hole 22. In detail, the longitudinal direction of the fixing groove 23 in a plan view is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the third hole 22.

Bolt holes 24 are formed at both longitudinal ends of the main body 21. Bolts 51 are inserted into the bolt holes 24.

The spring 30 is a compression spring (compression spring) in which wire is wound into a coil shape with a gap between them. The axial direction of the spring 30 coincides with the axial direction of the pin 60. After the liner mounting structure 10 is assembled (FIG. 3), one axial end of the spring 30 comes into contact with the pressing member 20. Then, by pressing the pressing member 20 toward the spring 30, the spring 30 generates a biasing force (repulsive force). In this embodiment, the liner mounting structure 10 has one spring 30, but may have multiple springs arranged side by side. In a configuration having multiple springs, the axial direction of some of the springs 30 may not coincide with the axial direction of the pin 60 but may be parallel.

The spring case 40 covers at least a portion of the spring 30. Specifically, the spring case 40 covers a portion of the circumferential direction of the spring 30 and the other end in the axial direction (the end opposite the pressing member 20). As shown in FIG. 2, the spring case 40 includes a linking portion 41, a connecting portion 43, and a bottom portion 44.

The connecting parts 41 are provided in a pair with a gap therebetween, and each has a bolt hole 42 formed therein. The distance between the two bolt holes 42 is the same as the distance between the two bolt holes 24. The bolt hole 24 and the bolt hole 42 are aligned, a bolt 51 is inserted, and a nut 52 is attached to connect the pressing member 20 and the spring case 40. At this time, the nut 52 is attached so that the pressing member 20 and the spring case 40 are spaced apart. In other words, after the liner mounting structure 10 is assembled, the pressing member 20 and the spring case 40 can move relative to each other in the axial direction (i.e., can slide). Note that the pressing member 20 and the spring case 40 are sandwiched between the head of the bolt 51 and the nut 52, so that the distance between the pressing member 20 and the spring case 40 is regulated so as not to exceed a predetermined value.

The connection part 43 connects the connecting part 41 and the bottom part 44. This prevents the distance between the pressing member 20 and the bottom part 44 from becoming less than a certain distance. As a result, the spring 30 can be prevented from becoming shorter than the allowable compressed length.

The bottom surface portion 44 is formed at a position overlapping the spring 30 in a plan view. A through hole 45 is formed in the bottom surface portion 44. The through hole 45 has a smaller diameter than the spring 30. The spring 30 cannot pass through the through hole 45, but the pin 60 can pass through it. In detail, the through hole 45 is configured to have a shape that allows the main body portion 61 and the first head portion 62 of the pin 60, which will be described later, to pass through. The other axial end of the spring 30 is in contact with the bottom surface portion 44. Therefore, by pressing the pressing member 20 so as to approach the spring case 40, the spring 30 is compressed, and the spring 30 generates a biasing force.

The pin 60 has an elongated main body 61. The main body 61 in this embodiment has a rectangular cross-sectional shape, but may also be circular. A first head 62 and a second head 63 are formed at both ends of the main body 61 in the axial direction. The first head 62 is formed at the end farther from the pressing member 20. The first head 62 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape. As shown in FIG. 3, the first head 62 is positioned so as to fit into the recess 7a of the liner 7. The second head 63 is formed at the end closer to the pressing member 20. The second head 63 has a rectangular cross-sectional shape. By aligning the longitudinal directions, the second head 63 can pass through the third hole 22, and by making the longitudinal directions different, the second head 63 cannot pass through the third hole 22. In addition, the short-side length of the second head 63 is equal to the short-side length of the fixing groove 23, or the short-side length of the fixing groove 23 is slightly larger. In other words, the second head 63 can fit into the fixing groove 23 by aligning the longitudinal direction.

Next, the process of attaching the liner 7 to the casing 2 will be described with reference to Figure 3.

Before installing the liner 7, the liner mounting structure 10 is assembled in advance. That is, the spring 30 is positioned between the pressing member 20 and the spring case 40, and the bolt 51 is attached to the nut 52. This results in the pressing member 20, the spring 30, and the spring case 40 being integrally configured. As described above, it is not necessary to remove the bolt 51 and the nut 52 when installing or removing the liner 7.

As shown in FIG. 3, a recess 7a is formed on the inner surface (rotor 4 side) of the liner 7. The recess 7a has, for example, a rectangular cross section, and is capable of housing the first head 62 and is shaped to restrict rotation of the first head 62 when housed in the recess 7a. Specifically, the long side (one side) of the recess 7a is longer than the length of the long side (one side) of the rectangular cross section of the first head 62 and shorter than the length of the diagonal of this rectangle.

A first hole 7b is formed at the bottom of the recess 7a. The first hole 7b is a through hole that is large enough for the main body 61 to pass through, but large enough for the first head 62 to not pass through. A second hole 2c is also formed in the casing 2 at a position corresponding to the first hole 7b. The second hole 2c is a through hole that is large enough for the main body 61 to pass through. Note that instead of restricting the rotation of the pin 60 with the first head 62, the rotation of the pin 60 may be restricted with the first hole 7b or the second hole 2c.

When attaching the liner 7, after aligning the liner 7 with the casing 2 (specifically, after aligning the positions of the second hole 2c and the first hole 7b), the pin 60 is inserted from the liner 7 side with the second head 63 at the tip, and the first head 62 is placed in the recess 7a.

Next, the pressing member 20, the spring 30, and the spring case 40 are set on the casing 2 side. Specifically, the pin 60 protruding from the casing 2 passes through the through hole 45 of the spring case 40 and the inside of the spring 30. At this time, the longitudinal direction of the second head 63 and the third hole 22 should be aligned in a plan view.

Next, as shown in the center of FIG. 3, the operator presses the pressing member 20 toward the casing 2. This causes the spring 30 to contract. In addition, since the longitudinal directions of the second head 63 and the third hole 22 are aligned, the second head 63 passes through the third hole 22 (open state).

Next, with the spring 30 in a contracted state, the operator rotates the pressing member 20 90° around the axial direction as the axis of rotation. The spring case 40 rotates integrally with the pressing member 20. As the pressing member 20 rotates 90°, the longitudinal directions of the second head 63 and the third hole 22 no longer coincide. Therefore, the second head 63 cannot pass through the third hole 22 (locked state). Furthermore, as the second head 63 fits into the fixing groove 23, the rotation of the pressing member 20 is restricted.

This keeps the spring 30 in a compressed state. Therefore, the spring 30 biases the pin 60 in a direction away from the casing 2, etc., via the pressing member 20, due to the biasing force of the spring 30. Therefore, the first head 62 presses the liner 7 against the casing 2, and the liner 7 is attached to the casing 2.

If the required biasing force of the spring 30 is too large for the worker to manually compress the spring 30 to pass the pressing member 20 over the second head 63, the worker can tighten the nut 52 to compress the spring 30, pass the pressing member 20 over the second head 63, and then loosen the nut 52 until the second head 63 and the pressing member 20 come into contact. This makes it possible to install the liner 7 without difficulty, even when the required biasing force of the spring 30 is large.

The process of removing the liner 7 is simply the reverse of the process of attaching the liner 7. In other words, the liner mounting structure 10 and the liner 7 can be removed by pressing the pressing member 20 and rotating the pressing member 20 90° in the opposite direction.

In addition, a cotter-type fastening means has been used as a fastening means for attaching and detaching the liner in the past. When using a cotter-type fastening means, for example, an opening is formed in the casing of the crusher, and a part of the liner is made to protrude outward from the opening of the casing. A wedge called a cotter is inserted into the protruding part of the liner. This fixes the liner to the casing. The protruding part of the liner needs to be relatively large. In contrast, the liner mounting structure 10 of this embodiment is more likely to have a smaller part protruding from the casing 2 than the cotter-type fastening means, so a compact liner mounting structure 10 can be realized. In addition, with the cotter-type fastening means, the cotter needs to be hammered in when being inserted into the protruding part, so a working space is required for this. In this regard, in this embodiment, the liner 7 can be attached and detached by rotating the pressing member 20, so the working space is smaller than with the cotter-type fastening means.

The liner mounting structure 10 of this embodiment includes a pin 60, a spring 30, and a pressing member 20. The pin 60 is arranged to pass through a first hole 7b formed in the liner 7 and a second hole 2c formed in the casing 2, and has a first head 62 that cannot pass through the first hole 7b, and a second head 63 located on the opposite side of the axial direction of the first head 62. The spring 30 is arranged on the opposite side of the liner 7 across the casing 2, and is arranged parallel to the axial direction of the pin 60. The pressing member 20 has a third hole 22 formed therein, and by rotating the pressing member 20 about the axial direction as the rotation axis, the pressing member 20 switches between an open state in which the second head 63 can pass through the third hole 22 and a locked state in which the second head 63 cannot pass through the third hole 22. In the locked state, the second head 63 is pressed in a direction away from the casing 2 by the biasing force received from the spring 30.

This means that problems similar to the bolt breakage that occurred in the past do not occur, making it less likely that installation and removal will become difficult.

The liner mounting structure 10 of this embodiment includes a spring case 40 that covers at least a portion of the spring 30.

For example, the spring case 40 can be attached to the pressing member 20, and by pressing both longitudinal ends of the spring 30 with the spring case 40 and the pressing member 20, the spring 30 can be prevented from becoming shorter than a predetermined length (allowable compressed length).

The liner mounting structure 10 of this embodiment includes a bolt 51 and a nut 52 that connect the spring case 40 and the retaining member 20 so that they can slide axially.

This allows the spring case 40 and the pressing member 20 to be connected while ensuring deformation (compression) of the spring 30.

In the liner mounting structure 10 of this embodiment, the distance between the bolt 51 and nut 52, the spring case 40, and the retaining member 20 is regulated so as not to exceed a predetermined value.

This allows the spring 30 to remain inside the spring case 40 even if the pin 60 is damaged or comes off, and prevents the retaining member 20 from coming off and flying away.

In the liner mounting structure 10 of this embodiment, the connecting members are a bolt 51 and a nut 52. The head of the bolt 51 and the nut 52 regulate the distance between the spring case 40 and the pressing member 20 so that it does not exceed a predetermined value.

This allows the length of the spring 30 to be adjusted by loosening or tightening the nut 52, which assists with the installation process.

In the liner mounting structure 10 of this embodiment, the retaining member 20 is formed with a fixing groove 23 into which the second head 63 does not fit in the open state, but into which the second head 63 fits in the locked state.

This makes it difficult for the retaining member 20 to rotate in the locked state, allowing the liner 7 to be firmly attached.

In the liner mounting structure 10 of this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the first head 62 cut by a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is rectangular. The first head 62 is located in a rectangular recess 7a formed in the liner 7.

This makes it possible to prevent the pin from rotating with a simple structure.

The above describes a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the above configuration can be modified, for example, as follows:

In the above embodiment, an example was described in which the liner 7 was attached to the casing 2 using the liner attachment structure 10, but a similar liner attachment structure 10 can also be used to attach a liner to another component of the crusher 1. An example of another component is a rotor liner that is attached to the rotor 4.

In the above embodiment, the pressing member 20 is rotated by 90°, but depending on the shape of the third hole 22 and the first head 62, the rotation angle may be other than 90°.

In the above embodiment, the pressing member 20 and the spring case 40 are connected by the bolt 51 and the nut 52, but they may be connected by a different part. An example of the different part is a pin. In this case, the biasing force of the spring 30 cannot be adjusted, but the configuration can be simplified.

The spring case 40 is not an essential component and can be omitted. In this case, the spring 30 is compressed by being sandwiched between the pressing member 20 and the casing 2.

In the above embodiment, an example of applying the present invention to a crusher 1 in which the rotor 4 rotates the striking plate 5 is shown, but the present invention can be applied to various crushers as long as the liner is configured to be detachably attached.

The components constituting the liner mounting structure 10 may be integrated by welding. For example, the pressing member 20 and the spring 30 may be integrated by welding. Alternatively, the spring 30 and the spring case 40 may be integrated by welding. Furthermore, the pressing member 20 and the spring 30 may be integrated by welding, and the spring 30 and the spring case 40 may be integrated by welding.

1 Crusher 2 Casing (component)
7 liner 10 liner mounting structure 20 retainer member 30 spring 40 spring case 51 bolt 52 nut 60 pin

Claims (7)

A liner mounting structure for mounting a liner to a component part constituting a crusher,
a pin disposed to pass through a first hole formed in the liner and a second hole formed in the component, the pin having a first head portion that cannot pass through the first hole and a second head portion that is located on the axially opposite side of the first head portion;
a spring disposed on the opposite side of the liner across the component and disposed parallel to the axial direction of the pin;
a pressing member having a third hole formed therein, and which switches between an open state in which the second head can pass through the third hole and a locked state in which the second head cannot pass through the third hole by rotating about the axial direction as a rotation axis, and which presses the second head in a direction away from the component by a biasing force received from the spring in the locked state;
a spring case having a receiving portion covering at least a portion of the spring and contacting the pressing member when the spring is compressed beyond a certain distance to suppress further compression of the spring;
A liner mounting structure comprising: A liner mounting structure for mounting a liner to a component part constituting a crusher,
a pin disposed to pass through a first hole formed in the liner and a second hole formed in the component, the pin having a first head portion that cannot pass through the first hole and a second head portion that is located on the axially opposite side of the first head portion;
a spring disposed on the opposite side of the liner across the component and disposed parallel to the axial direction of the pin;
a pressing member having a third hole formed therein, and which switches between an open state in which the second head can pass through the third hole and a locked state in which the second head cannot pass through the third hole by rotating about the axial direction as a rotation axis, and which presses the second head in a direction away from the component by a biasing force received from the spring in the locked state;
a spring case that covers at least a portion of the spring;
a connecting member that connects the spring case and the pressing member so as to be slidable in the axial direction;
A liner mounting structure comprising: The liner mounting structure according to claim 2 ,
A liner mounting structure, characterized in that the connecting member regulates the distance between the spring case and the pressing member so as not to exceed a predetermined value. The liner mounting structure according to claim 3 ,
The connecting member is a bolt and a nut,
A liner mounting structure, characterized in that the head of the bolt and the nut regulate the distance between the spring case and the pressing member so as not to exceed a predetermined value. The liner mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
A liner mounting structure, characterized in that the pressing member has a fixing groove formed therein into which the second head does not fit in the open state, but into which the second head fits in the locked state. The liner mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5 ,
A cross-sectional shape of the first head taken along a plane perpendicular to the axial direction is rectangular,
A liner mounting structure, characterized in that the first head is located in a rectangular recess formed in the liner. A liner mounting structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6 ;
The liner;
The component;
A crusher comprising:

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