JP7626641B2 - Climbing crane and construction method using climbing crane - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a climbing crane and a construction method using a climbing crane.

For example, a climbing crane as described in Patent Document 1 is used in the construction of a structure. This type of climbing crane can carry out construction at an appropriate height by adding masts (erecting them one by one) according to the height of the structure being constructed.

JP 2007-312607 A

To prevent climbing cranes from tipping over, weights are placed on the side opposite to where the crane's jib extends to maintain overall balance. However, adding more masts raises the center of gravity of the entire climbing crane, which increases the risk of it tipping over, especially in earthquake-prone areas such as Japan.

In consideration of the above circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a climbing crane etc. that can reduce the risk of tipping over due to the raised mast.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a climbing crane is provided. This climbing crane comprises a crane body, a mast, and a foundation structure. The crane body comprises a jib and a counter frame. The jib extends forward and backward and is configured to be able to be raised and lowered. The counter frame is provided on the side opposite to the side on which the jib extends and is configured to be able to accommodate at least one weight. The mast is configured to support the crane body. It is configured to be erected in the vertical direction in sequence so that the height of the crane body can be adjusted. The foundation structure is configured to support the mast. It comprises a base frame on which a weight can be installed. It is configured to be able to transfer the weight between the counter frame and the base frame depending on the height of the mast.

This type of configuration can reduce the risk of a climbing crane tipping over due to the raised mast.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the climbing crane 1 when in the low-floor state. 2 is a partially enlarged view for explaining details of a counter frame 4 shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the climbing crane 1 when it is in a raised deck state. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of a computer 6. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the shape of a weight 7. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the shape of a weight support mechanism 42 that supports the weight 7. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing how the weight 7 is lifted using the lifting mechanism 45, and in particular shows how the weight 7 is suspended at two points, namely, the suspended portions 73a and 73b. 1 is a schematic diagram showing how the weight 7 is lifted using the lifting mechanism 45, and in particular shows how the weight 7 is suspended at four points, namely, suspended portions 73a, 73b, 73c, and 74d. 1 is a flowchart showing the flow of a construction method.

The following describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. The various features shown in the following embodiments can be combined with each other.

The program for realizing the software appearing in this embodiment may be provided as a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium, or may be provided so that it can be downloaded from an external server, or may be provided so that the program is started on an external computer and its functions are realized on a client terminal (so-called cloud computing).

In this embodiment, a "unit" may also include, for example, a combination of hardware resources implemented by a circuit in the broad sense and software information processing that can be specifically realized by these hardware resources. In addition, this embodiment handles various types of information, which may be represented, for example, by physical values of signal values representing voltage and current, high and low signal values as a binary bit collection consisting of 0 or 1, or quantum superposition (so-called quantum bits), and communication and calculations may be performed on a circuit in the broad sense.

In the broad sense, a circuit is a circuit realized by at least appropriately combining a circuit, circuitry, a processor, and memory. In other words, it includes application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices (e.g., simple programmable logic devices (SPLDs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), and field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs)), etc.

1. Overall Configuration 1.1 Basic Configuration First, a basic configuration of a climbing crane 1 according to this embodiment will be described. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the climbing crane 1 when the platform is in the low position.

The climbing crane 1 climbs by its own mechanism as the height of the structure increases. As shown in FIG. 1, the climbing crane 1 comprises a mast 2, a crane body 3, and a foundation structure 5. In other words, the climbing crane 1 has a mast 2 on top of the foundation structure 5, and the crane body 3 is installed on top of the mast 2.

(Mast 2)
The mast 2 is configured to support the crane body 3, which will be described later. In particular, in the climbing crane 1, the mast 2 is preferably configured to be sequentially erected in the vertical direction so that the height of the crane body 3 can be adjusted in accordance with the height of the structure being constructed.

(Crane body 3)
The crane body 3 includes a rotating body 31, a jib 32, a hoisting winch 33, a hoisting rope 34, and a hook 35. The rotating body 31 is rotatably supported by a slewing bearing (not shown) provided at the top of the mast 2. The jib 32 is supported by the rotating body 31, extends forward and backward, and is configured to be capable of being raised and lowered. The hoisting winch 33 is fixed to the rotating body 31, and is configured to be able to hoist or lower the hoisting rope 34. A hook 35 is provided at the end of the hoisting rope 34.

(Counter frame 4)
Furthermore, the crane body 3 includes a counter frame 4. The counter frame 4 is provided on the side opposite to the side where the jib 32 extends (here, installed on the rotating body 31), and is configured so that at least one weight 7 can be installed thereon.

2 is a partially enlarged view for explaining the details of the counter frame 4 shown in FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the counter frame 4 includes a lower extension portion 41, a weight support mechanism 42, a standing portion 43, an upper extension portion 44, and a lifting mechanism 45. The lower extension portion 41 is connected to the rotating body 31 and is configured to extend on the opposite side to the extension side of the jib 32. The weight support mechanism 42 is provided on the lower extension portion 41 and is configured to be able to support a plurality of weights 7. The standing portion 43 is erected upward approximately perpendicular to the lower extension portion 41, and the upper extension portion 44 is provided at its tip. The upper extension portion 44 is located above the lower extension portion 41 and is configured to extend on the opposite side to the extension side of the jib 32, like the lower extension portion 41. The lifting mechanism 45 is mounted on the upper extension 44 facing downward, and can move the hook 451 up and down.

(Foundation structure 5)
The foundation structure 5 is configured to support the mast 2. More specifically, the foundation structure 5 is fixed to the base end (lower side) of the mast 2, and serves as a platform for indirectly supporting the crane body 3 via the mast 2. Note that the foundation structure 5 may be configured to support the mast 2 by being grounded to the ground G without any fasteners. A further explanation of this is provided below.

Generally, the climbing crane 1 is installed so that it cannot tip over by bolting the anchor bolts protruding from the concrete foundation to the foundation structure 5. However, depending on the installation location, concrete foundations cannot be used and the crane may be installed directly on a level ground G in order to maintain the environment. In such cases, if the foundation structure 5 is installed directly on the ground G, the bearing capacity of the ground G may be insufficient. Therefore, it is preferable to adopt a structure that distributes the vertical load generated by the climbing crane 1, thereby ensuring that the bearing capacity of the ground G is not insufficient.

The foundation structure 5 further includes a base frame 51 on which a weight 7 can be installed. The weight 7 attached to the base frame 51 is the same as the weight 7 attached to the counter frame 4 described above. The weight 7 is attached, for example, to an attachment area 52 in the base frame 51. Note that the attachment mechanism is not particularly limited, and the weight support mechanism 42 in the counter frame 4 may be appropriately adopted. In other words, the weight support mechanism 42 is provided on at least one of the counter frame 4 and the base frame 51.

1.2 Computer for managing construction 6
Next, a description will be given of the computer 6. Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the climbing crane 1 when the platform is raised. Fig. 4 is a block diagram showing the hardware configuration of the computer 6.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, when the climbing crane 1 is raised by extending the mast 2, the weight 7 is removed from the counter frame 4 and transferred to the mounting area 52 of the base frame 51 in the foundation structure 5. In other words, the climbing crane 1 is configured to be able to transfer the weight 7 between the counter frame 4 and the base frame 51 based on the height of the mast 2. In this way, by transferring the weight 7, it is possible to reduce the risk of tipping over due to the raising of the mast 2. More preferably, the counter frame 4 is configured to be detachable from the crane body 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the counter frame 4 is detached from the rotating body 31 in the crane body 3. By removing the counter frame 4 when the floor is raised, it is possible to further reduce the risk of tipping over. In relation to such an embodiment, a computer 6 is used.

The computer 6 is mounted, for example, on the climbing crane 1 and is configured to manage the progress and process of construction. The computer 6 is, for example, a dedicated control device, and as shown in FIG. 4, has a communication unit 61, a memory unit 62, and a control unit 63, and these components are electrically connected via a communication bus 60. Each component will be further described below.

The communication unit 61 is configured to be able to transmit various electrical signals from the computer 6 to external components. The communication unit 61 is also configured to be able to receive various electrical signals from the external components to the computer 6. More preferably, the communication unit 61 has a network communication function, which allows communication of various information with external devices via a network such as the Internet. For example, the communication unit 61 may obtain data regarding the current altitude from a sensor (not shown) provided in a part of the climbing crane 1.

The memory unit 62 stores various information defined by the above description. This can be implemented, for example, as a storage device such as a solid state drive (SSD) that stores various programs related to the climbing crane 1 executed by the control unit 63, or as a memory such as a random access memory (RAM) that stores temporarily required information (arguments, arrays, etc.) related to the program's calculations. The memory unit 62 stores various programs and variables related to the climbing crane 1 executed by the control unit 63. It is particularly preferable that information related to the construction plan to be carried out using the climbing crane 1 is stored.

The control unit 63 is, for example, a central processing unit (CPU) not shown. The control unit 63 realizes various functions related to the climbing crane 1 by reading out a specific program stored in the memory unit 62. In other words, information processing by the software stored in the memory unit 62 is specifically realized by the control unit 63, which is an example of hardware. Note that the control unit 63 is not limited to being a single unit, and it may be implemented with multiple control units 63 for each function. It may also be a combination of these.

Preferably, the control unit 63 is configured to be able to control the lifting mechanism 45 to transfer the weight 7 between the counter frame 4 and the base frame 51 according to the height of the mast 2. This will be specifically described. In this embodiment, the control unit 63 manages the progress of the construction work based on a dedicated program previously stored in the memory unit 62. The control unit 63 can also control the lifting operation of the hook 451 in the lifting mechanism 45. The control unit 63 can estimate the required height of the mast 2 based on information on the current altitude acquired by the communication unit 61 and information on the construction plan stored in the memory unit 62. If this height exceeds the threshold value, the control unit 63 may control the lifting mechanism 45 to transfer the weight 7 supported by the weight support mechanism 42 in the counter frame 4 to the mounting area 52 in the base frame 51.

1.3 Transfer of the weight 7 Next, the weight 7 and its transfer will be described.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing the shape of the weight 7. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram showing the shape of the weight support mechanism 42 that supports the weight 7. Figure 7 is a schematic diagram showing how the weight 7 is lifted using the lifting mechanism 45, and in particular how it is suspended at two points, the suspended parts 73a and 73b. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing how the weight 7 is lifted using the lifting mechanism 45, and in particular how it is suspended at four points, the suspended parts 73a, 73b, 73c, and 74d. First, as shown in Figure 5, the weight 7 has a generally flat plate shape and includes a main surface 71 and a side surface 72.

The main surface 71 has a shape with four corners cut out, and the suspended parts 73 are visible as protruding from the cut-out areas 711. A part of the side surface 72 includes the side surface 721. The side surfaces 721 located at the four corners are provided with the four suspended parts 73, namely, suspended parts 73a, 73b, 73c, and 73d. In other words, the weight 7 is provided with suspended parts 73 at each vertex of a substantially flat plate. Each suspended part 73 is provided with an insertion hole 74, which is configured to allow the wire W (see Figures 7 and 8) to pass through. In other words, the lifting mechanism 45 is configured to lift the weight 7 by directly or indirectly suspending the suspended parts 73, and to transfer the weight 7 between the counter frame 4 and the base frame 51.

Furthermore, the weight 7 has a protrusion 75 on the side surface 72 (side portion) of the approximately flat plate. The protrusion 75 extends in a direction approximately perpendicular to the extension direction of the suspended portion 73, and is specifically configured as a pair of protrusions 75L and 75R. As shown in FIG. 6, the weight support mechanism 42 that supports the weight 7 has a plurality of recesses 421. In the example of FIG. 6, four recesses 421 are provided, and the protrusions 75 of the four weights 7 are inserted into these recesses to support the weights 7. In other words, the weights 7 are supported by the weight support mechanism 42 by the protrusions 75 of the weights 7 entering the recesses 421. Of course, the protrusions 75 may simply enter the recesses 421 without being fixed and supported, or the protrusions 75 may be fitted into the recesses 421 to a certain extent and supported. Also, the protrusion 75 shown in FIG. 6 is one of the protrusions 75L and 75R, but the other one (not shown) is supported in the same way. With this configuration, the roughly flat weight 7 can be set upright as a weight for the climbing crane 1.

In order to support the weight 7 in an upright position on the weight support mechanism 42, it is preferable that the lifting mechanism 45 is configured to be capable of lifting the approximately flat weight 7 in an upright position.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7, the weight 7 can be transferred from the counter frame 4 to the base frame 51 by inserting the wire W through the two suspended portions 73a, 73b and using the hook 451 in the lifting mechanism 45. By supporting the weight 7 at two points in this way, the weight 7, which is substantially flat, is transferred in an upright position, allowing for efficient work without changing the position of the weight 7 during transfer.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, the weight 7 can be lifted using the hook 451' in the lifting mechanism 45' by inserting the wire W through the four suspended parts 73a, 73b, 73c, and 73d. The lifting mechanism 45' in FIG. 8 may be an external mechanism different from the lifting mechanism 45 mounted on the climbing crane 1, and the hook 451' may be a suspension member in the lifting mechanism 45'. For example, when loading the weight 7 from a managed factory onto the bed of a truck, it is preferable to transport the approximately flat weight 7 lying down for stabilization. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 8, the approximately flat weight 7 is lifted in a lying state by supporting it at four points, and then loaded onto the bed of a truck.

In other words, the weight 7 is configured so that the posture it maintains during lifting can be changed based on the combination of the suspended parts 73 that are suspended. In this manner, the posture that the weight 7 maintains during lifting can be determined according to the situation and needs.

1.4 Summary of the Configuration In summary, the climbing crane 1 comprises a crane body 3, a mast 2, and a foundation structure 5. The crane body 3 comprises a jib 32 and a counter frame 4. The jib 32 extends forward and backward and is configured to be able to be raised and lowered. The counter frame 4 is provided on the side opposite to the side on which the jib 32 extends, and is configured to be able to install at least one weight 7. The mast 2 is configured to support the crane body 3. The mast 2 is configured to be erected successively in the vertical direction so that the height of the crane body 3 can be adjusted. The foundation structure 5 is configured to support the mast 2. The foundation structure 5 comprises a base frame 51 on which the weight 7 can be installed. The climbing crane 1 is configured to be able to transfer the weight 7 between the counter frame 4 and the base frame 51 based on the height of the mast 2.

This configuration can reduce the risk of the climbing crane 1 tipping over due to the elevation of the mast 2. When the weight 7 is installed on the base frame 51, the tipping moment of the climbing crane 1 cannot be reduced as effectively as when it is installed on the counter frame 4, and a weight 7 with a larger mass is required. With this configuration, the weight 7 installed on the counter frame 4 when the floor is low can be reused as is, and by combining it with the weight 7 installed on the base frame 51 when the floor is low and high, there is no need to take the trouble of preparing a separate weight 7 with a large mass, which is preferable. In other words, the number of weights 7 to be prepared in advance can be reduced, improving both efficiency and cost.

2. Construction method using the climbing crane 1 In this section, a construction method using the above-mentioned climbing crane 1 will be described. Figure 9 is a flowchart showing the flow of the construction method. Below, an explanation will be given along with each step shown in Figure 9.

First, the construction work is carried out on the building under construction using the climbing crane 1 (step S001). As the construction work progresses, the building becomes taller, so the mast 2 must be added accordingly. Therefore, the required height of the mast 2 is estimated appropriately using the computer 6 (step S002).

At this time, it is checked whether the height of the mast 2 described above exceeds the standard value (step S003), and if it does not (NO in step S003), the mast 2 is extended to the estimated height (step S004) and construction continues. On the other hand, if it does exceed the standard (YES in step S003), taking into consideration the risk of the climbing crane 1 tipping over in the event of an earthquake, etc., the weight 7 attached to the counter frame 4 is lifted and removed using the lifting mechanism 45 (step S005: first removal process). The removed weight 7 is transported downward to where the base frame 51 is located.

Next, the weight 7 removed in step S005 is attached to the attachment area 52 of the base frame 51 (step S006: attachment process). This reduces the risk of the climbing crane 1 tipping over in the event of an earthquake or the like.

Next, with all weights 7 removed from the counter frame 4, the counter frame 4 is removed from the rotating body 31 (step S007: second removal process). This reduces the area occupied by the climbing crane 1, allowing construction work to be carried out in a more space-saving manner. Note that this step S007 may be omitted.

Next, the mast 2 is extended to reach the height estimated in step S002 (step S008: raising the floor process). After that, the construction work continues (step S009).

In summary, the construction method is a construction method using a climbing crane 1. This construction method includes the following steps. In the first removal step, the weight 7 is removed from the counter frame 4. In the installation step, the removed weight 7 is installed on the base frame 51. In the second removal step, the counter frame 4 is removed from the crane body 3 of the climbing crane 1. In the raising step, the mast 2 is sequentially erected so as to raise the height of the mast 2.

This method can reduce the risk of the climbing crane 1 tipping over due to the elevation of the mast 2. When the weight 7 is installed on the base frame 51, the tipping moment of the climbing crane 1 cannot be effectively reduced compared to when it is installed on the counter frame 4, and a weight 7 with a larger mass is required. In this method, the weight 7 installed on the counter frame 4 when the floor is low is reused as is, and by combining it with the weight 7 installed on the base frame 51 when the floor is low and high, it is not necessary to take the trouble of preparing a separate weight 7 with a large mass, which is preferable. In other words, the number of weights 7 to be prepared in advance can be reduced, improving both efficiency and cost.

3. Others The climbing crane 1 according to this embodiment may be implemented in the following manner.

(1) In this embodiment, the weight 7 provided on the counter frame 4 is transferred to the base frame 51 to raise the height of the mast 2. However, the weight 7 provided on the base frame 51 may be transferred to the counter frame 4 to lower the height of the mast 2. In such a case, the construction method includes the following steps. In the removal step, the weight 7 is removed from the base frame 51. In the installation step, the removed weight 7 is installed on the counter frame 4. In the lowering step, the mast 2 is dismantled in sequence to lower the height of the mast 2.

(2) In this embodiment, the computer 6 determines whether or not to transfer the weight 7, but such determination and decision may be performed manually by the user. In addition, the control of the lifting mechanism 45 by the control unit 63 may be automated, or may be operated manually by the user.

(3) When transferring the weight 7, an external lifting mechanism 45', such as a crane truck, may be used instead of the lifting mechanism 45.

(4) It may further be provided in any of the following aspects:
In the climbing crane, the counter frame is configured to be detachable from the crane body.
In the climbing crane, the foundation structure is configured to support the mast by being grounded on the ground without any fasteners.
In the climbing crane, the weight has an approximately flat plate shape, with suspended parts provided at each vertex of the approximately flat plate, and the maintained posture during lifting can be changed based on the combination of the suspended parts that are suspended.
The climbing crane further comprises a weight support mechanism, the weight support mechanism being provided on at least one of the counter frame and the base frame and having a plurality of recesses, and the weight has a protrusion on a side of the approximately flat plate, and the protrusion fits into the recess, thereby being supported by the weight support mechanism.
The climbing crane further includes a lifting mechanism configured to lift the weight by directly or indirectly suspending the suspended part and to transfer the weight between the counter frame and the base frame.
The climbing crane further includes a control unit, the control unit being configured to be able to control the lifting mechanism so as to transfer the weight between the counter frame and the base frame depending on the height of the mast.
A construction method using a climbing crane, comprising the following steps: a first removal step, removing a weight from a counter frame; an attachment step, attaching the removed weight to a base frame; and a raising step, sequentially erecting the mast so as to raise the height of the mast.
In the construction method, the second removal step is to remove the counter frame from the crane body of the climbing crane.
In the construction method, the climbing crane is the climbing crane.
Of course, this is not the case.

Finally, although various embodiments of the present invention have been described, these are presented as examples and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The novel embodiments can be embodied in various other forms, and various omissions, substitutions, and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and their modifications are within the scope and spirit of the invention, and are included in the scope of the invention and its equivalents as set forth in the claims.

1: Climbing crane 2: Mast 3: Crane body 32: Jib 4: Counter frame 42: Weight support mechanism 421: Recess 45: Lifting mechanism 5: Foundation structure 51: Base frame 63: Control unit 7: Weight 72: Side 73: Suspended part 73a: Suspended part 73b: Suspended part 73c: Suspended part 73d: Suspended part 75: Protrusion 75L: Protrusion 75R: Protrusion G: Ground

Claims (10)

A climbing crane,
The crane comprises a crane body, a mast, and a foundation structure,
The crane body includes a jib and a counter frame.
The jib extends forward and backward and is configured to be able to be raised and lowered.
The counter frame is provided on the side opposite to the side on which the jib extends and is configured to be able to install at least one weight,
The mast is
configured to support the crane body,
The height of the crane body is adjustable so that it is installed vertically in sequence.
The foundation structure includes:
configured to support the mast;
A base frame on which the weight can be installed is provided,
The weight is configured to be transferable between the counter frame and the base frame depending on the height of the mast. 2. The climbing crane according to claim 1,
The counter frame is configured to be detachable from the crane body. The climbing crane according to claim 1 or 2,
The foundation structure is configured to support the mast by being grounded on the ground without any fasteners. In the climbing crane according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The weight is
The device has a generally flat plate shape, and a suspended portion is provided at each vertex of the generally flat plate.
The posture maintained during lifting can be varied based on the combination of the suspended parts that are suspended. A climbing crane according to claim 4,
A weight support mechanism is further provided,
The weight support mechanism includes:
At least one of the counter frame and the base frame is provided with a
A plurality of recesses are provided.
The weight is
A protrusion is provided on a side of the substantially flat plate,
The protrusion fits into the recess and is thereby supported by the weight support mechanism. The climbing crane according to claim 4 or 5,
Further comprising a lifting mechanism;
The lifting mechanism is configured to lift the weight by directly or indirectly suspending the suspended part, and to transfer the weight between the counter frame and the base frame. 7. The climbing crane according to claim 6,
A control unit is further provided.
The control unit is configured to be able to control the lifting mechanism to transfer the weight between the counter frame and the base frame depending on the height of the mast. A construction method using a climbing crane, comprising:
The following processes are included:
In the first removal step, the weight is removed from the counter frame;
In the attachment step, the removed weight is attached to a base frame,
In the step of raising the floor level, the masts are sequentially erected so as to raise the height of the masts. The construction method according to claim 8,
In a second removal step, the counter frame is removed from the crane body of the climbing crane. In the construction method according to any one of claims 8 and 9,
8. A method according to claim 1, wherein the climbing crane is a climbing crane according to any one of claims 1 to 7.