JP7627489B2 - Foundation for masonry blocks - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a foundation for masonry blocks, and more specifically to a foundation for masonry blocks that form the foundation when stacking masonry blocks used in the construction of retaining walls, etc.

Concrete blocks known as masonry blocks are used for slope protection work such as retaining walls. When stacking these masonry blocks, they are stacked at a specified gradient to match the gradient of the slope. These masonry blocks are placed on top of a masonry block foundation that has been laid on the original ground, but conventional masonry block foundations include cast-in-place foundations that are formed by pouring concrete on-site, and secondary product foundations that are pre-formed in a factory and laid on-site. An example of such a secondary product masonry block foundation is the structure disclosed in Patent Document 1 (Utility Model Registration No. 3201484).

Utility Model Registration No. 3201484

Cast-in-place foundations for masonry blocks can be constructed to match the stacking gradient of the masonry blocks at each construction site. However, this requires the construction of formwork, pouring concrete, curing, and stripping, which increases the time required to stack the masonry blocks. On the other hand, with secondary product foundations for masonry blocks, if a product with a shape that matches the stacking gradient of the masonry blocks is ordered, the masonry blocks can be stacked immediately, but there are issues with ordering or delivery errors resulting in the delivery of foundations for masonry blocks that are not suitable for the construction site. Another issue is that the increased variety of products leads to rising manufacturing costs.

The present invention aims to provide an inexpensive foundation for masonry blocks that allows the stacking gradient of the masonry blocks to be easily adjusted on-site, and that allows for quick stacking of masonry blocks without the delivery of products that are not suitable for the construction site due to ordering or delivery errors.

In other words, the present invention is a foundation for masonry blocks that is placed at the foot of a slope when stacking masonry blocks along the slope, and is characterized in that it has a front side structural part and a rear side structural part which rise to different heights from the installation surface, and in that the rear side structural part has a step part with a plurality of steps spaced at required intervals from the rear side structural part to the front side structural part, and the bottom surface of each of the steps is formed as an inclined surface which gradually becomes higher as it approaches the front side structural part.

This allows the stacking gradient of the blocks to be easily adjusted on-site, and prevents the delivery of products that are not suitable for the construction site due to ordering or delivery errors, making it possible to provide a low-cost foundation for blocks that allows for quick stacking of blocks.

It is also preferable that the height position of the lowermost portion of each of the steps gradually decreases with increasing distance from the front structural portion.

This allows the creation of a block placement surface with a variety of stacking gradients even with a compact block foundation.

It is also preferable that the front side structural portion has a stacking block placing surface forming marker, which forms a stacking block placing surface at a predetermined slope by filling some or all of each of the steps with a filling material so that it is flush with the opening side end face on the slope side of each of the steps or the bottom surface of each of the steps.

This allows the placement surface for the masonry blocks to be formed over a wide area, allowing the masonry blocks to be stacked stably on the placement surface.

It is also preferable that the mark for forming the stacking block placement surface is a ridge line on the front structural portion.

This improves the appearance of the masonry block foundation.

It is also preferable that the filling material is concrete or mortar.

This makes it possible to form the stacking block mounting surface cheaply and easily.

The configuration of the foundation for masonry blocks in this invention allows the stacking gradient of the masonry blocks to be easily adjusted on-site, and it is possible to provide an inexpensive foundation for masonry blocks that allows for quick stacking of masonry blocks without the delivery of products that are not suitable for the construction site due to ordering or delivery errors.

FIG. 2 is a side view of a foundation for masonry blocks in this embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of a foundation for masonry blocks in this embodiment. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG. 2. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 2 . 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example of use of a foundation body for masonry blocks in this embodiment. FIG. 11 is a side view showing another example of use of the masonry block foundation body in this embodiment.

As shown in Figs. 1 to 5, the foundation body 100 for masonry blocks in this embodiment has a front structural part 10 and a rear structural part 20, which have different rising heights from the bottom surface, which is the installation surface. In this specification, the front side refers to the outer surface side of the covering surface constructed by the masonry blocks 90, and the rear side refers to the slope side (natural ground side). The front structural part 10 and the rear structural part 20 are integrally formed by the connecting part 30 and have a rectangular shape in a plan view. The front structural part 10 in this embodiment is formed to be higher than the rising height from the bottom surface of the rear structural part 20. In addition, the concrete filling part 40 is formed by the area divided by the front structural part 10, the rear structural part 20, and the connecting part 30. The concrete filling part 40 penetrates the foundation body 100 for masonry blocks in the height direction. Such a foundation body 100 for masonry blocks can be manufactured using so-called zero slump concrete and a quick-release formwork.

As shown in FIG. 1, the front structural part 10 in this embodiment is formed in a mountain-like shape in a side view that gradually tapers from the bottom surface to the top surface. The top surface of the front structural part 10 has a horizontal surface part 12 and an inclined surface part 14 that gradually becomes lower on the side of the rear structural part 20. In this specification, the boundary line between the horizontal surface part 12 and the inclined surface part 14 is referred to as the first ridge line 15, and the boundary line between the inclined surface part 14 and the side surface 16 on the side of the rear structural part 20 is referred to as the second ridge line 17.

The rear structure 20 is formed with a step portion 50 having a plurality of steps 52, 54 at required intervals. A stacking block 90 (described later) is placed on each step 52, 54 so as to span the first ridge 15 or the second ridge 17. As is clear from FIG. 1 and the like, the bottom surface 52A of the step 52 and the bottom surface 54A of the step 54 are both formed as inclined surfaces that gradually become higher as they approach the front structure 10. In addition, the lowest height position H1 of the step 52 is formed to be lower than the lowest height position H2 of the step 54. In this way, the steps 52, 54 are formed so that the lowest height positions (H1, H2) gradually become lower as they approach the front structure 10. In addition, the step portion 50 can also have a protrusion 56 formed on the rear side (slope side) of the step 54. The upper surface of the protrusion 56 is formed as an inclined surface that gradually becomes higher on the front structure 10 side, similar to the bottom surfaces 52A, 54A of the steps 52, 54.

The height of the connecting portion 30 that connects the front structural portion 10 and the rear structural portion 20 is lower than the height of the side surface of the rear structural portion 20 on the side of the front structural portion 10. A screw insert 32 is embedded in the upper surface of the connecting portion 30 to connect a hook (not shown) used to hoist the masonry block foundation 100. A so-called P insert can be used as this screw insert 32.

Next, an example of the use of the masonry block foundation 100 in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 6. The masonry block foundation 100 is placed on foundation concrete (not shown) poured at the foot of the slope and on a height adjustment material (not shown) laid on the top surface of the foundation concrete. The masonry block foundation 100 is continuously placed along the foot of the slope with the rear structural part 20 facing the slope. A known buffer member (not shown) can also be placed between adjacent masonry block foundations 100. The concrete filling part 40 is filled with concrete (not shown) to improve the integration of the masonry block foundation 100 and the foundation concrete. It is preferable to fill the concrete filling part 40 with concrete within a range below the height of the connecting part 30.

Once the masonry block foundation 100 is in place, the builder places the masonry block 90 on the masonry block foundation 100. At this time, the masonry block 90 is placed so that the lower corner of the back side of the masonry block 90 is placed on the step 52 or step 54 depending on the stacking gradient, and the lower corner of the front side of the masonry block 90 is placed so that it spans the first ridge 15 or the second ridge 17. Note that FIG. 6(A) shows the stacked state when the stacking gradient of the masonry block 90 is a 5-minute gradient. Specifically, the bottom surface of the masonry block 90 spans the step 52 and the first ridge 15 of the masonry block foundation 100. Also, FIG. 6(B) shows the stacked state when the stacking gradient of the masonry block 90 is a 4-minute gradient. Specifically, the bottom surface of the masonry block 90 spans the step 54 and the first ridge 15 of the masonry block foundation 100.

Figure 6 (C) shows the state of stacking of the masonry blocks 90 when the stacking gradient is a 3-minute gradient. Specifically, the bottom surface of the masonry block 90 is suspended over the protruding portion 56 and the first ridge 15 of the masonry block foundation 100. In this way, by selectively using the steps 52, 54 or the protruding portion 56 and the first ridge 15 when placing the masonry block 90 on the masonry block foundation 100, the same masonry block foundation 100 can accommodate a variety of stacking gradients. Once the stacking gradient of the bottom masonry block 90 relative to the masonry block foundation 100 has been determined, the normal stacking process for the masonry blocks 90 can be carried out to stack the masonry blocks 90 at the specified stacking gradient.

Next, another example of use of the masonry block base 100 in this embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 7. FIG. 7(A) shows the state when the block stacking gradient is a 5-minute gradient. FIG. 7(B) shows the state when the block stacking gradient is a 4-minute gradient. FIG. 7(C) shows the state when the block stacking gradient is a 3-minute gradient.

As shown in FIG. 7(A), the builder fills the upper side of the connecting portion 30, the concrete filling portion 40, and the inclined surface portion 14 with the filling material 60 so that the bottom surface 52A of the step 52 and the first ridge 15 are flush with each other. Concrete or mortar can be used as the filling material 60, but the type of filling material 60 is not particularly limited as long as it is a material that is easy to mold and has a predetermined hardness after molding. After the filling material 60 hardens, the same plane as the upper surface of the filling material 60 becomes the lamination block placement surface 70 for a 5-minute gradient. Also, as shown in FIG. 7(B), the builder fills the step 52, the upper side of the connecting portion 30, the concrete filling portion 40, and the inclined surface portion 14 with the filling material 60 so that the opening side end surface 52Z on the slope side of the step 52 and the first ridge 15 are flush with each other. After the filling material 60 hardens, the same plane as the upper surface of the filling material 60 becomes the lamination block placement surface 70 for a 4-minute gradient.

Also, as shown in FIG. 7(C), the builder can fill the step 52, the step 54, the upper side of the connecting portion 30, the concrete filling portion 40, and the inclined surface portion 14 with the filling material 60 so that the opening side end surface 54Z of the step 54 is flush with the first ridge 15. After the filling material 60 hardens, the same plane as the top surface of the filling material 60 becomes the stacking block placement surface 70 for a 3-minute gradient.

As explained above, in FIG. 7, the lamination block mounting surface 70 is formed by filling with filler 60 so that the bottom surface 52A of the step 52 or the opening side end surfaces 52Z, 54Z on the slope side of the steps 52, 54 are flush with the first ridge 15 in the front structural portion 10. That is, in the lamination block foundation 100 shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the first ridge 15 constitutes the mark for forming the lamination block mounting surface. In the lamination block foundation 100 shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the first ridge 15 is used as the mark for forming the lamination block mounting surface, but it is also possible to adopt a form in which the second ridge 17 is used as the mark for forming the lamination block mounting surface.

In this way, even in the example of use shown in Figure 7, the lamination block mounting surface 70 can be formed with multiple types of stacking gradients on the same lamination block base 100. In particular, in the example of use shown in Figure 7, the lamination block mounting surface 70 can be formed into a flat surface that supports the entire bottom surface of the lamination block 90, which is advantageous in that the lamination block 90 can be placed in a more stable state.

The above provides a detailed explanation of the masonry block foundation 100 of the present invention, but the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, in the above embodiment, the step portion 50 has two steps 52, 54, but it is also possible to adopt a configuration in which the step portion 50 has three or more steps. By increasing the number of steps in the step portion 50, it is possible to construct a masonry block mounting surface 70 with a greater number of predetermined gradients.

In the above embodiment, the lowest height position H1 of the step 52 of the step portion 50 is set to a lower position (different height position) than the lowest height position H2 of the step 54, but the lowest height position H1 of the step 52 and the lowest height position H2 of the step 54 can also be set to the same height. In this case, the stacking gradient of the stacking block 90 can be changed by varying the inclination angle of the bottom surfaces 52A, 54A relative to the bottom surface of the stacking block foundation 100.

In addition, in the above embodiment, when constructing the lamination block placement surface 70, the connecting portion 30, the concrete filling portion 40, and a portion of the step portion 50 are filled with the filler 60, but this is not limited to this form. It is also possible to adopt a form in which the filler 60 is filled in all or part of either the connecting portion 30 or the concrete filling portion 40 and the step portion 50. This makes it possible to reduce the amount of filler 60 used.

It is also possible to adopt a form in which a list of stacking gradients corresponding to combinations of placement locations for the masonry blocks 90 is displayed on the surface of the masonry block foundation 100. It is also possible to adopt a form in which a list of stacking gradients obtained by combinations of each step in the step section 50 and the mark for forming the masonry block placement surface is displayed on the surface of the masonry block foundation 100. It is preferable that the list of stacking gradients is displayed in places that are hidden after the masonry blocks 90 are stacked, such as the connecting section 30, the concrete filling section 40, and the bottom surfaces 52A, 54A of the steps 52, 54. This makes it possible to eliminate mistakes in the stacking gradients of the masonry blocks 90.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the first ridge 15 or the second ridge 17 is used as the mark for forming the stacking block mounting surface, but this is not limited to the embodiment. The mark for forming the stacking block mounting surface does not have to be the ridge of the stacking block base body 100, and can be displayed on the side surface 16 of the stacking block base body 100 using a known method.

In addition, the configuration of this embodiment described above can be appropriately combined with the modified examples described in the specification or other known configurations.

10: Front side structure part 12: Horizontal surface part 14: Inclined surface part 15: First ridge line (mark for forming stacked block mounting surface)
16: Side 17: Second ridge 20: Back structural section 30: Connection section 32: Screw insert 40: Concrete filling section 50: Step section 52, 54: Step 52A, 54A: Bottom surface 52Z, 54Z: Opening side end surface 56: Protrusion 60: Filler 70: Lamination block mounting surface 90: Lamination block 100: Lamination block base body H1: Lowest height position H2: Lowest height position

Claims (5)

A foundation for masonry blocks that is disposed at the foot of a slope when stacking masonry blocks along the slope, comprising:
The front structural portion and the rear structural portion have different heights from the installation surface,
a step portion having a plurality of steps at required intervals from the rear side structural portion toward the front side structural portion is formed in the rear side structural portion,
13. A foundation for masonry blocks, comprising: a bottom surface of each of said steps formed into an inclined surface which gradually becomes higher as it approaches said front structural portion. 2. The foundation for masonry blocks according to claim 1, wherein the height position of the lowermost portion of each of said steps gradually decreases with increasing distance from said front structural portion. The front structural portion has a block placement surface forming marker that forms a block placement surface at which the stacking gradient of the blocks is set to a predetermined gradient by filling part or all of each of the steps with a filler so that the front structural portion is flush with the opening end face on the slope side of each of the steps or the bottom surface of each of the steps. The foundation for masonry blocks according to claim 3, characterized in that the mark for forming the masonry block placement surface is a ridge line on the front structural portion. The foundation for masonry blocks according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the filling material is concrete or mortar.

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