JP7630813B2 - Ginkgo leaf extract composition and oral composition - Google Patents
Ginkgo leaf extract composition and oral composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP7630813B2 JP7630813B2 JP2020173211A JP2020173211A JP7630813B2 JP 7630813 B2 JP7630813 B2 JP 7630813B2 JP 2020173211 A JP2020173211 A JP 2020173211A JP 2020173211 A JP2020173211 A JP 2020173211A JP 7630813 B2 JP7630813 B2 JP 7630813B2
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- leaf extract
- ginkgo leaf
- mass
- fatty acid
- acid ester
- Prior art date
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Description
本発明は、イチョウ葉抽出物組成物、及び前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物を含有する経口用組成物に関する。 The present invention relates to a ginkgo leaf extract composition and an oral composition containing the ginkgo leaf extract composition.
イチョウ葉は、ヨーロッパにおいて、医薬品、化粧品、健康食品などに用いられており、日本においても、健康食品(顆粒、錠剤、飲料など)、化粧品、嗜好品などに用いられている。イチョウ葉の有効成分としては、ケルセチン、イソラムネチン、ケンフェロール等の約20種類のフラボノイド配糖体や、ギンゴライド、ビロバリド等のテルペンラクトンなどが含まれている。これらの有効成分は、循環器機能改善、血流促進改善(神経痛や肩凝り、冷え性の予防、頭痛、偏頭痛の改善)、老化防止、健胃、健眼、健脳、老人性痴呆症の予防(特に脳梗塞や脳血栓などの脳血管障害からくる痴呆の予防)、心疾患の予防(血圧やコレステロールの低下、動脈硬化予防)、アレルギー症状の改善(アトピー性皮膚炎やぜんそくの症状を改善する)などの様々な有用な機能を有することが知られている。 Ginkgo leaves are used in medicines, cosmetics, health foods, etc. in Europe, and in Japan they are used in health foods (granules, tablets, beverages, etc.), cosmetics, luxury items, etc. Active ingredients in ginkgo leaves include about 20 kinds of flavonoid glycosides such as quercetin, isorhamnetin, kaempferol, and terpene lactones such as ginkgolides and bilobalide. These active ingredients are known to have various useful functions such as improving circulatory function, promoting and improving blood flow (preventing neuralgia, stiff shoulders, poor circulation, and improving headaches and migraines), preventing aging, strengthening the stomach, healthy eyes, healthy brain, preventing senile dementia (especially preventing dementia caused by cerebrovascular disorders such as cerebral infarction and cerebral thrombosis), preventing heart disease (lowering blood pressure and cholesterol, preventing arteriosclerosis), and improving allergy symptoms (improving the symptoms of atopic dermatitis and asthma).
イチョウ葉抽出物の製造においては、有効成分の効率的な抽出のため、また、安全性の観点から含水エタノールを用いて抽出することが主として行われている。そのため、イチョウ葉抽出物は、飲食品、健康食品、化粧品、医薬品などに使用する際、水溶液に対して極めて溶解しにくく作業性が悪いという問題がある。 In the production of ginkgo leaf extract, extraction is mainly performed using aqueous ethanol in order to efficiently extract the active ingredients and from the viewpoint of safety. Therefore, when ginkgo leaf extract is used in foods and beverages, health foods, cosmetics, medicines, etc., there is a problem that it is very difficult to dissolve in aqueous solutions and is difficult to work with.
また、果汁や酸味料が使用されてpHが低い清涼飲料水等にイチョウ葉抽出物を使用する場合、イチョウ葉抽出物の溶解安定性は著しく低下し、0.01質量%程度の極めて低い濃度においても沈殿が生じてしまい、製品の外観を損なうという問題がある。更に、酸性条件下では、イチョウ葉抽出物の有効成分のひとつである前記フラボノイド配糖体も分解しやすいという問題もある。 In addition, when ginkgo leaf extract is used in soft drinks and the like that contain fruit juice or acidulants and have a low pH, the solubility stability of the ginkgo leaf extract is significantly reduced, and even at extremely low concentrations of about 0.01% by mass, precipitation occurs, causing problems such as impairing the appearance of the product. Furthermore, there is also the problem that the flavonoid glycoside, one of the active ingredients of ginkgo leaf extract, is easily decomposed under acidic conditions.
これらの問題に対し、イチョウ葉抽出物、キラヤサポニン、酵素分解レシチン、デキストリン、サイクロデキストリン、又はこれらの混合物を含む、水に対し優れた分散性及び可溶性を有し、飲食品、健康食品、化粧品又は医薬品等に添加した場合に、長期間に亘って沈殿の生成を防止することができる液体状の水分散性又は水溶解性のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物が提案されている(特許文献1参照)。 In response to these problems, a liquid water-dispersible or water-soluble ginkgo leaf extract composition has been proposed that contains ginkgo leaf extract, quillaja saponin, enzymatically hydrolyzed lecithin, dextrin, cyclodextrin, or a mixture thereof, and has excellent dispersibility and solubility in water, and can prevent the formation of precipitates for a long period of time when added to foods and beverages, health foods, cosmetics, medicines, etc. (see Patent Document 1).
しかしながら、上記提案のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物は、酸性溶媒への溶解性が十分満足できるものではないという問題がある。 However, the ginkgo leaf extract composition proposed above has the problem that its solubility in acidic solvents is not fully satisfactory.
したがって、水又は酸性溶媒に対する優れた分散性及び可溶性を有し、長期間に亘って沈殿の生成を防止することができるイチョウ葉抽出物組成物の速やかな提供が強く望まれているのが現状である。 Therefore, there is currently a strong demand for the prompt provision of a ginkgo leaf extract composition that has excellent dispersibility and solubility in water or acidic solvents and can prevent the formation of precipitates over a long period of time.
本発明は、従来における前記諸問題を解決し、以下の目的を達成することを課題とする。即ち、本発明は、水又は酸性溶媒に対する優れた分散性及び可溶性を有し、長期間に亘って沈殿の生成を防止することができるイチョウ葉抽出物組成物、及び前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物を含有する経口用組成物を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention aims to solve the above-mentioned problems and achieve the following objectives. That is, the present invention aims to provide a ginkgo leaf extract composition that has excellent dispersibility and solubility in water or an acidic solvent and can prevent the formation of precipitation for a long period of time, and an oral composition containing the ginkgo leaf extract composition.
前記課題を解決するための手段としては、以下の通りである。即ち、
<1> (A)イチョウ葉抽出物、(B)酵素分解レシチン、(C)サポニン、(D)グリセリン、及び(E)脂肪酸エステルを含有することを特徴とするイチョウ葉抽出物組成物である。
<2> 前記<1>に記載のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物を含有することを特徴とする経口用組成物である。
The means for solving the above problems are as follows.
<1> A ginkgo leaf extract composition comprising (A) ginkgo leaf extract, (B) enzymatically hydrolyzed lecithin, (C) saponin, (D) glycerin, and (E) a fatty acid ester.
<2> A composition for oral administration, comprising the ginkgo leaf extract composition according to <1>.
本発明によると、従来における前記諸問題を解決し、前記目的を達成することができ、水又は酸性溶媒に対する優れた分散性及び可溶性を有し、長期間に亘って沈殿の生成を防止することができるイチョウ葉抽出物組成物、及び前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物を含有する経口用組成物を提供することができる。 The present invention can solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and achieve the above-mentioned objective, and can provide a ginkgo leaf extract composition that has excellent dispersibility and solubility in water or an acidic solvent and can prevent the formation of precipitates for a long period of time, and an oral composition containing the ginkgo leaf extract composition.
(イチョウ葉抽出物組成物)
本発明のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物は、(A)イチョウ葉抽出物、(B)酵素分解レシチン、(C)サポニン、(D)グリセリン、及び(E)脂肪酸エステルを含有し、必要に応じて更にその他の成分を含有する。
(Ginkgo Leaf Extract Composition)
The ginkgo leaf extract composition of the present invention contains (A) ginkgo leaf extract, (B) enzymatically hydrolyzed lecithin, (C) saponin, (D) glycerin, and (E) fatty acid ester, and may further contain other components as necessary.
<(A)イチョウ葉抽出物>
前記(A)成分としてのイチョウ葉抽出物の抽出原料として使用するイチョウ(学名:Ginkgo biloba)は、イチョウ科(Ginkgoaceae)イチョウ属(Ginkgo)に属する落葉高木である。前記イチョウは、人為的な移植により世界中に分布しており、これらの地域から容易に入手可能である。前記イチョウの茎の高さは、20m~30mであり、裸子植物の1種である。
前記イチョウの葉の入手方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、自然界から採取してもよいし、市販品を用いてもよい。
<(A) Ginkgo Leaf Extract>
Ginkgo (scientific name: Ginkgo biloba ) used as the raw material for extracting ginkgo leaf extract as component (A) is a deciduous tall tree belonging to the genus Ginkgo in the family Ginkgoaceae . Ginkgo is distributed throughout the world by artificial transplantation and is easily available from these regions. The height of the stem of ginkgo is 20 to 30 m, and it is a type of gymnosperm.
The method for obtaining the ginkgo leaves is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. The leaves may be collected from nature or may be commercially available.
前記イチョウ葉抽出物は、植物の抽出に一般的に用いられる方法により容易に得ることができ、例えば、抽出溶媒を満たした処理槽に前記抽出原料として使用するイチョウの葉を浸漬し、必要に応じて適宜攪拌しながら可溶性成分を溶出した後、濾過して抽出残渣を除くことによりイチョウ葉抽出物を得る方法などが挙げられ、更に粗精製物又は精製したものであることが好ましい。 The ginkgo leaf extract can be easily obtained by a method generally used for plant extraction. For example, the ginkgo leaf used as the extraction raw material is immersed in a treatment tank filled with an extraction solvent, and soluble components are dissolved while stirring as necessary, and then the extract is filtered to remove the extraction residue to obtain the ginkgo leaf extract. It is preferable that the ginkgo leaf extract is a crude or purified product.
前記抽出原料として使用する前記イチョウの葉の大きさとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、採取したそのままの大きさ、切断した所望の大きさ、微粉(パウダー)化された大きさなどが挙げられる。 There are no particular limitations on the size of the ginkgo leaves used as the extraction raw material, and they can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, the size of the leaves as they are when harvested, the size of the leaves cut to the desired size, or the size of the leaves pulverized (powdered) can be mentioned.
前記抽出原料として使用する前記イチョウの葉の状態としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、採取したそのままの状態、乾燥した状態、粉砕した状態、搾汁の状態などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、乾燥した状態が好ましい。 The state of the ginkgo leaves used as the extraction raw material is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, the leaves may be in the state as they are harvested, dried, crushed, or juiced. Among these, the dried state is preferred.
前記イチョウの葉を前記乾燥した状態にする方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、天日で乾燥する方法、通常使用される乾燥機を用いて乾燥する方法などが挙げられる。 The method for drying the ginkgo leaves is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, the method includes drying in the sun and drying using a commonly used dryer.
前記イチョウの葉を前記粉砕した状態にする方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、ミキサー、シュガーミル、パワーミル、ジェットミル、衝撃式粉砕機等により粉砕する方法などが挙げられる。 The method for crushing the ginkgo leaves is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples of the method include crushing the ginkgo leaves using a mixer, sugar mill, power mill, jet mill, impact crusher, etc.
前記イチョウの葉を前記搾汁の状態にする方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、圧搾などが挙げられる。 There are no particular limitations on the method for making the ginkgo leaves into the juice state, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, and examples include squeezing.
前記イチョウ葉抽出物の抽出溶媒としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、水、親水性溶媒、又はこれらの混合溶媒などが挙げられる。 The extraction solvent for the ginkgo leaf extract is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples of the solvent include water, a hydrophilic solvent, or a mixture thereof.
前記水としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、純水、水道水、井戸水、鉱泉水、鉱水、温泉水、湧水、淡水、精製水、熱水、イオン交換水、生理食塩水、リン酸緩衝液、リン酸緩衝生理食塩水などが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。 The water is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples of the water include pure water, tap water, well water, mineral water, hot spring water, spring water, fresh water, purified water, hot water, ion-exchanged water, saline solution, phosphate buffer, and phosphate buffered saline solution. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
前記親水性溶媒としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、プロピルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール等の炭素数1~5の低級アルコール;アセトン、メチルエチルケトン等の低級脂肪族ケトン;1,3-ブチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、グリセリン等の炭素数2~5の多価アルコールなどが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。 The hydrophilic solvent is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples of the hydrophilic solvent include lower alcohols having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, and isopropyl alcohol; lower aliphatic ketones, such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; and polyhydric alcohols having 2 to 5 carbon atoms, such as 1,3-butylene glycol, propylene glycol, and glycerin. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
前記水と前記親水性溶媒との混合溶媒としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、前記親水性溶媒として前記低級アルコールを使用する場合は、前記水10質量部に対して、前記親水性溶媒を1質量部~90質量部使用することが好ましく、前記親水性溶媒として前記低級脂肪族ケトンを使用する場合は、前記水10質量部に対して、前記親水性溶媒を1質量部~40質量部使用することが好ましく、前記親水性溶媒として多価アルコールを使用する場合は、前記水10質量部に対して、前記親水性溶媒を1質量部~90質量部使用することが好ましい。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。 The mixed solvent of water and the hydrophilic solvent is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. When the lower alcohol is used as the hydrophilic solvent, it is preferable to use 1 to 90 parts by mass of the hydrophilic solvent per 10 parts by mass of the water. When the lower aliphatic ketone is used as the hydrophilic solvent, it is preferable to use 1 to 40 parts by mass of the hydrophilic solvent per 10 parts by mass of the water. When a polyhydric alcohol is used as the hydrophilic solvent, it is preferable to use 1 to 90 parts by mass of the hydrophilic solvent per 10 parts by mass of the water. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
これらの中でも、前記イチョウ葉抽出物の抽出溶媒は、安全性、取扱性の観点から、水とエタノールとの混合溶媒(含水エタノール)が好ましい。
前記含水エタノールを抽出溶媒として用いる場合のエタノールの濃度としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、50質量%以上であることが好ましく、70質量%以上であることがより好ましい。
Among these, the extraction solvent for the ginkgo leaf extract is preferably a mixed solvent of water and ethanol (hydrous ethanol) from the viewpoints of safety and ease of handling.
When the aqueous ethanol is used as the extraction solvent, the concentration of ethanol is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but is preferably 50% by mass or more, and more preferably 70% by mass or more.
前記抽出溶媒の使用量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、前記抽出原料として使用するイチョウ葉の5倍量~15倍量(質量比)が好ましい。 There are no particular limitations on the amount of the extraction solvent used and it can be selected appropriately depending on the purpose, but it is preferable to use an amount (mass ratio) of 5 to 15 times the amount of ginkgo leaves used as the extraction raw material.
前記イチョウ葉抽出物の抽出条件(抽出時間、抽出温度、圧力等の雰囲気条件など)としては、特に制限はなく、公知の方法の中から目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。
前記イチョウ葉抽出物の可溶性成分を溶出するための抽出時間としては、通常、30分間~2時間程度である。
前記抽出溶媒の温度としては、室温又は使用する溶媒の沸点以下の温度で用いることが好ましい。
前記抽出溶媒として水とエタノールとの混合溶媒を用いた場合には、40℃~80℃で30分間~4時間抽出することが好ましい。
The extraction conditions for the ginkgo leaf extract (extraction time, extraction temperature, atmospheric conditions such as pressure, etc.) are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from known methods depending on the purpose.
The extraction time for dissolving the soluble components of the ginkgo leaf extract is usually about 30 minutes to 2 hours.
The temperature of the extraction solvent is preferably room temperature or a temperature not higher than the boiling point of the solvent used.
When a mixed solvent of water and ethanol is used as the extraction solvent, it is preferable to carry out the extraction at 40° C. to 80° C. for 30 minutes to 4 hours.
前記イチョウ葉抽出物の状態としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、前記イチョウ葉抽出物そのものであってもよく、前記イチョウ葉抽出物の粗精製物又は精製物、前記イチョウ葉抽出物の濃縮物、前記イチョウ葉抽出物の希釈物、前記イチョウ葉抽出物の乾燥物などであってもよい。また、前記イチョウ葉抽出物は、前記イチョウ葉抽出物の乾燥物を、再度水、親水性溶媒、又はこれらの混合溶媒等の溶媒に混合又は溶解させたものであってもよい。 The state of the ginkgo leaf extract is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, it may be the ginkgo leaf extract itself, a crude or purified product of the ginkgo leaf extract, a concentrate of the ginkgo leaf extract, a diluted product of the ginkgo leaf extract, or a dried product of the ginkgo leaf extract. The ginkgo leaf extract may also be obtained by mixing or dissolving the dried product of the ginkgo leaf extract again in a solvent such as water, a hydrophilic solvent, or a mixture thereof.
前記イチョウ葉抽出物の精製方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、分配クロマトグラフィー、吸着クロマトグラフィー、イオン交換クロマトグラフィー、サイズ排除クロマトグラフィー等のクロマトグラフィー、液-液分配抽出、膜分離などが挙げられる。これらの精製方法は、1種単独で行ってもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。これらの中でも、前記イチョウ葉抽出物は、前記吸着樹脂を用いて精製されたものであることが好ましい。 The purification method of the ginkgo leaf extract is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples of the purification method include chromatography such as partition chromatography, adsorption chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and size exclusion chromatography, liquid-liquid partition extraction, and membrane separation. These purification methods may be performed alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, it is preferable that the ginkgo leaf extract is purified using the adsorption resin.
前記吸着樹脂としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、芳香族系又は芳香族系修飾型の吸着樹脂が好ましい。
前記吸着樹脂の具体例としては、ダイヤイオンHP20、ダイヤイオンHP21、セパビーズSP825L、セパビーズSP850、セパビーズSP207(以上、三菱化学株式会社製)、アンバーライトXAD-2、アンバーライトXAD4、アンバーライトXAD7(以上、オルガノ株式会社製)などが挙げられる。
The adsorption resin is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but aromatic or aromatic modified adsorption resins are preferred.
Specific examples of the adsorption resin include Diaion HP20, Diaion HP21, Sepabeads SP825L, Sepabeads SP850, Sepabeads SP207 (all manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), Amberlite XAD-2, Amberlite XAD4, Amberlite XAD7 (all manufactured by Organo Corporation), and the like.
このようなイチョウ葉抽出物の市販品としては、イチョウ葉エキスC(丸善製薬株式会社製)などが挙げられる。 Commercially available products of this type of ginkgo leaf extract include Ginkgo Leaf Extract C (manufactured by Maruzen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.).
なお、前記イチョウ葉抽出物には、有効成分として、ケルセチン、イソラムネチン、ケンフェロール等のフラボノイド配糖体や、ギンゴライド、ビロバリド等のテルペンラクトンなどが含まれている。 The ginkgo leaf extract contains active ingredients such as flavonoid glycosides, such as quercetin, isorhamnetin, and kaempferol, and terpene lactones, such as ginkgolides and bilobalide.
前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物における前記イチョウ葉抽出物の含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物全体の0.01質量%~50質量%が好ましく、0.1質量%~30質量%がより好ましい。前記イチョウ葉抽出物の含有量が、0.01質量%以上であると、有効成分であるイチョウ葉抽出物の所望の効果が得られる点で有利であり、50質量%以下であると、水又は酸性溶媒に対する分散性及び可溶性が良好であり、長期間に亘って沈殿の生成を防止することができる点で有利である。 The content of the ginkgo leaf extract in the ginkgo leaf extract composition is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but is preferably 0.01% by mass to 50% by mass, and more preferably 0.1% by mass to 30% by mass, of the entire ginkgo leaf extract composition. If the content of the ginkgo leaf extract is 0.01% by mass or more, it is advantageous in that the desired effect of the active ingredient ginkgo leaf extract can be obtained, and if it is 50% by mass or less, it is advantageous in that the dispersibility and solubility in water or acidic solvents are good and the formation of precipitation can be prevented for a long period of time.
<(B)酵素分解レシチン>
前記(B)成分としての酵素分解レシチンとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、大豆由来のレシチンの酵素処理物、卵由来のレシチンの酵素処理物、菜種由来のレシチンの酵素処理物などが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
<(B) Enzymatically Decomposed Lecithin>
The enzymatically decomposed lecithin as the component (B) is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, and examples thereof include enzyme-treated products of soybean-derived lecithin, egg-derived lecithin, rapeseed-derived lecithin, etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.
前記酵素分解レシチンの入手方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、公知の製造方法により適宜製造してもよく、市販品を使用してもよい。 The method for obtaining the enzymatically decomposed lecithin is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. It may be appropriately produced by a known production method, or a commercially available product may be used.
前記酵素分解レシチンは、一般的に、鶏、うずら、アヒル等の家禽卵の卵黄、大豆、菜種などの動植物から抽出したジアシルグリセロリン脂質であるリン脂質をホスホリパーゼAで処理して得られる、リン脂質の1つの脂肪酸が切断されたリゾ体としたもの(リゾリン脂質)である。
また、前記動植物原料を直接ホスホリパーゼAで酵素処理し、その後、常法により抽出して得られたもの、あるいは合成法によって得られたもの、更に必要に応じて得られた酵素分解レシチンを水素添加処理したものなども含まれる。
The enzymatically hydrolyzed lecithin is generally a lyso-form (lysophospholipid) in which one fatty acid of the phospholipid has been cleaved, which is obtained by treating a phospholipid, which is a diacylglycerophospholipid extracted from the yolk of poultry eggs such as chickens, quails, and ducks, or from animals and plants such as soybeans and rapeseeds, with phospholipase A.
Also included are those obtained by directly enzymatically treating the animal or plant raw materials with phospholipase A and then extracting by a conventional method, or those obtained by synthesis, and further, those obtained by subjecting the enzymatically decomposed lecithin to hydrogenation as necessary.
前記リゾリン脂質は、リン酸エステルの構造により、例えば、リゾホスファチジルコリン(LPC)、リゾホスファチジルエタノールアミン(LPE)、リゾホスファチジルイノシトール(LPI)、リゾホスファチジン酸(LPA)、リゾホスファチジルセリン(LPS)、リゾホスファチジルグリセロール(LPG)などが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。 The lysophospholipids may be, for example, lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC), lysophosphatidylethanolamine (LPE), lysophosphatidylinositol (LPI), lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), lysophosphatidylserine (LPS), lysophosphatidylglycerol (LPG), etc., depending on the structure of the phosphate ester. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more types.
前記酵素分解レシチンにおける前記各リゾリン脂質の含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。
前記酵素分解レシチンにおける前記各リゾリン脂質の含有量は、超臨界流体クロマトグラフィーで測定することができる。
なお、前記各リゾリン脂質の含有量は、前記酵素分解レシチンの原料の状態によって変化するものである。大豆由来のレシチンの場合、大豆栽培時の気温や干ばつ等の気候変化、収穫時の大豆の成熟度合いなどによってレシチン中のリン脂質組成や脂肪酸組成が変化することが知られている(D. L. Dornbos et al., Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 01 Sep 1989, Vol. 66, Issue 9, p.1371-1373参照)。
The content of each of the lysophospholipids in the enzymatically decomposed lecithin is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
The content of each of the lysophospholipids in the enzymatically decomposed lecithin can be measured by supercritical fluid chromatography.
The content of each lysophospholipid varies depending on the state of the raw material of the enzymatically decomposed lecithin. In the case of soybean-derived lecithin, it is known that the phospholipid composition and fatty acid composition in the lecithin vary depending on the climate change such as temperature and drought during soybean cultivation, and the maturity of soybeans at harvest time (see D. L. Dornbos et al., Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society, 01 Sep 1989, Vol. 66, Issue 9, p. 1371-1373).
酵素分解レシチンの市販品としては、例えば、SLP-LPC70、SLP-ホワイトリゾ(以上、辻製油株式会社製、大豆由来のレシチンの酵素処理物)、エルマイザーA(協和発酵株式会社製、大豆由来のレシチンの酵素処理物)、サンレシチンA1(太陽化学株式会社製、大豆由来のレシチンの酵素処理物)、リゾリン脂質ナガセL(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製、大豆由来のレシチンの酵素処理物)などが挙げられる。 Commercially available enzymatically hydrolyzed lecithin products include, for example, SLP-LPC70 and SLP-White Lyso (both manufactured by Tsuji Oil Mills, an enzymatically treated product of soybean-derived lecithin), Elmeizer A (manufactured by Kyowa Hakko Co., Ltd., an enzymatically treated product of soybean-derived lecithin), Sun Lecithin A1 (manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd., an enzymatically treated product of soybean-derived lecithin), and Lysophospholipid Nagase L (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation, an enzymatically treated product of soybean-derived lecithin).
前記酵素分解レシチンの市販品は、超臨界流体クロマトグラフィーで測定した前記リゾホスファチジルコリンの含有量(質量)と、前記リゾホスファチジン酸の含有量(質量)とから算出される質量比[LPA/LPC]が、150未満のものと、150以上のものに大別することができる。SLP-LPC70、SLP-ホワイトリゾ、エルマイザーA、及びサンレシチンA1は質量比[LPA/LPC]が150未満であり、リゾリン脂質ナガセLは質量比[LPA/LPC]が150以上である。
前記リゾリン脂質ナガセLの質量比[LPA/LPC]の上限値としては、特に制限はなく、前記酵素分解レシチンの原料の状態などに応じて適宜選択することができるが、3,000以下が好ましく、1,500以下がより好ましく、1,200以下が更に好ましい。
The commercially available enzymatically decomposed lecithin products can be roughly divided into those in which the mass ratio [LPA/LPC] calculated from the content (mass) of the lysophosphatidylcholine and the content (mass) of the lysophosphatidic acid measured by supercritical fluid chromatography is less than 150, and those in which the mass ratio [LPA/LPC] is 150 or more. SLP-LPC70, SLP-White Lyso, Elmizer A, and Sun Lecithin A1 have a mass ratio [LPA/LPC] of less than 150, while Lysophospholipid Nagase L has a mass ratio [LPA/LPC] of 150 or more.
There is no particular upper limit to the mass ratio [LPA/LPC] of the lysophospholipid Nagase L, and it can be selected appropriately depending on the state of the raw material of the enzymatically decomposed lecithin, but it is preferably 3,000 or less, more preferably 1,500 or less, and even more preferably 1,200 or less.
前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物における前記酵素分解レシチンの含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物全体の0.3質量%~4質量%が好ましく、0.3質量%~2質量%がより好ましい。前記酵素分解レシチンの含有量が、0.3質量%以上又は4質量%以下であると、水又は酸性溶媒に対する分散性及び可溶性が良好である点で有利である。 The content of the enzymatically decomposed lecithin in the ginkgo leaf extract composition is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but is preferably 0.3% to 4% by mass, and more preferably 0.3% to 2% by mass, of the entire ginkgo leaf extract composition. If the content of the enzymatically decomposed lecithin is 0.3% by mass or more or 4% by mass or less, it is advantageous in that the dispersibility and solubility in water or acidic solvents are good.
<(C)サポニン>
前記(C)成分としてのサポニンとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、今日の健康志向を考慮に入れると、安全性の観点から天然物由来のサポニンであることが好ましく、植物由来のサポニンであることがより好ましい。
<(C) Saponin>
The saponin used as component (C) is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. However, taking into consideration today's health-consciousness, from the standpoint of safety, it is preferable for the saponin to be derived from a natural product, and it is more preferable for the saponin to be derived from a plant.
前記植物由来のサポニンとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、キラヤサポニン、ダイズサポニン、ユッカサポニン、エンジュサポニン、茶種子サポニン、ビートサポニン、ニンジンサポニン、甘草サポニン(グリチルリチン酸)などが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。これらの中でも、キラヤサポニンが、特に界面活性能に優れており、入手が容易である点で好ましい。
前記サポニンの入手方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、自然界から採取した植物から得たものであってもよいし、市販品を用いてもよい。
The plant-derived saponin is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, and examples thereof include Quillaja saponin, soybean saponin, yucca saponin, soybean saponin, tea seed saponin, beet saponin, carrot saponin, and licorice saponin (glycyrrhizic acid). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, Quillaja saponin is preferred because it has excellent surface activity and is easily available.
The method for obtaining the saponin is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. The saponin may be obtained from a plant collected from nature, or a commercially available product may be used.
前記キラヤサポニンの原料として使用するキラヤ(学名:Quillaja saponaria)は、キラヤ科(Quillajaceae)キラヤ属(Quillaja)の常緑の小高木である。前記キラヤは、南米のチリ、ボリビア、ペルー地域に自生しており、これらの地域から容易に入手可能である。前記キラヤの樹皮には、タンニンやトリテルペン系サポニンが含まれている。前記キラヤのサポニン(キラヤサポニン)は、キラヤ酸をアグリコンとするトリテルペン系サポニンであり、他の植物から得られるサポニンと比べて、優れた界面活性と均質性を有することで知られており、食品の乳化剤、ビタミンE、香料の可溶化、歯磨や飲料の発泡剤、トイレタリー商品、写真フィルム等の工業分野でも広く利用されている。 The Quillaja saponaria used as the raw material for the Quillaja saponin is an evergreen small tree of the Quillaja genus of the Quillaja family. The Quillaja grows naturally in Chile, Bolivia, and Peru in South America, and is easily available from these regions. The bark of the Quillaja contains tannins and triterpene saponins. The Quillaja saponin (Quillaja saponin) is a triterpene saponin with quillajaic acid as the aglycone, and is known to have excellent surface activity and homogeneity compared to saponins obtained from other plants, and is widely used in industrial fields such as food emulsifiers, vitamin E, solubilization of flavors, foaming agents for toothpaste and beverages, toiletry products, and photographic films.
前記植物由来のサポニンは、植物の抽出に一般的に用いられる方法により容易に得ることができ、例えば、抽出溶媒を満たした処理槽に前記植物等の抽出原料を浸漬し、必要に応じて適宜攪拌しながら可溶性成分を溶出した後、濾過して抽出残渣を除くことにより前記サポニンを得る方法などが挙げられ、更に粗精製物又は精製したものであることが好ましい。 The plant-derived saponin can be easily obtained by a method commonly used for plant extraction. For example, the plant-derived raw material is immersed in a treatment tank filled with an extraction solvent, and the soluble components are dissolved while stirring as necessary, and then the extraction residue is removed by filtration to obtain the saponin. It is preferable that the saponin is crudely purified or purified.
前記抽出原料として使用する前記植物の抽出部位としては、特に制限はなく、前記抽出原料として使用する前記植物の種類などに応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、葉部、枝部、幹部、樹皮部、花部、果実部、根部などが挙げられる。前記抽出原料としてキラヤを使用する場合は、これらの中でも樹皮部が好ましい。 There are no particular limitations on the part of the plant used as the extraction raw material, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the type of plant used as the extraction raw material, and examples include leaves, branches, trunks, bark, flowers, fruits, and roots. When Quillaja quilla is used as the extraction raw material, the bark is preferred.
前記抽出原料として使用する前記植物の各抽出部位の大きさとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、採取したそのままの大きさ、切断した所望の大きさ、微粉(パウダー)化された大きさなどが挙げられる。 There are no particular limitations on the size of each part of the plant used as the extraction raw material, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, it can be the size as it is when harvested, the desired size after cutting, or the size after pulverization (powder).
前記抽出原料として使用する前記植物の各抽出部位の状態としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、採取したそのままの状態、乾燥した状態、粉砕した状態、搾汁の状態の状態などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、乾燥した状態が好ましい。 The state of each part of the plant used as the extraction raw material is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, the part may be in the state as it is when it is collected, in a dried state, in a crushed state, or in a juice-squeezed state. Among these, the dried state is preferred.
前記抽出原料として使用する前記植物の各抽出部位を前記乾燥した状態にする方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、天日で乾燥する方法、通常使用される乾燥機を用いて乾燥する方法などが挙げられる。 There are no particular limitations on the method for drying each of the extracted parts of the plant used as the extraction raw material, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, it can be dried in the sun or using a commonly used dryer.
前記抽出原料として使用する前記植物の各抽出部位を前記粉砕した状態にする方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、ミキサー、シュガーミル、パワーミル、ジェットミル、衝撃式粉砕機等により粉砕する方法などが挙げられる。 There are no particular limitations on the method for pulverizing each part of the plant used as the extraction raw material, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, it can be pulverized using a mixer, sugar mill, power mill, jet mill, impact grinder, etc.
前記抽出原料として使用する前記植物の各抽出部位を前記搾汁の状態にする方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、圧搾などが挙げられる。 There are no particular limitations on the method for making each part of the plant used as the extraction raw material into the juice, and it can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, such as squeezing.
前記植物からサポニンを抽出するための抽出溶媒としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、水、親水性溶媒、又はこれらの混合溶媒などが挙げられる。
前記水、前記親水性溶媒としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、前記(A)成分としてのイチョウ葉抽出物に記載のものと同様のものなどが挙げられる。
The extraction solvent for extracting saponin from the plant is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples of the extraction solvent include water, a hydrophilic solvent, and a mixed solvent thereof.
The water and the hydrophilic solvent are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples thereof include those similar to those described for the ginkgo leaf extract as component (A).
前記水と前記親水性溶媒との混合溶媒としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、前記親水性溶媒として前記低級アルコールを使用する場合は、前記水10質量部に対して、前記親水性溶媒を1質量部~90質量部使用することが好ましく、前記親水性溶媒として前記低級脂肪族ケトンを使用する場合は、前記水10質量部に対して、前記親水性溶媒を1質量部~40質量部使用することが好ましく、前記親水性溶媒として多価アルコールを使用する場合は、前記水10質量部に対して、前記親水性溶媒を1質量部~90質量部使用することが好ましい。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。 The mixed solvent of water and the hydrophilic solvent is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. When the lower alcohol is used as the hydrophilic solvent, it is preferable to use 1 to 90 parts by mass of the hydrophilic solvent per 10 parts by mass of the water. When the lower aliphatic ketone is used as the hydrophilic solvent, it is preferable to use 1 to 40 parts by mass of the hydrophilic solvent per 10 parts by mass of the water. When a polyhydric alcohol is used as the hydrophilic solvent, it is preferable to use 1 to 90 parts by mass of the hydrophilic solvent per 10 parts by mass of the water. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
これらの中でも、前記抽出溶媒は、安全性、取扱性の観点から、水とエタノールとの混合溶媒(含水エタノール)が好ましい。
前記含水エタノールを抽出溶媒として用いる場合のエタノールの濃度としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、50質量%以上であることが好ましく、70質量%以上であることがより好ましい。
Among these, the extraction solvent is preferably a mixed solvent of water and ethanol (hydrous ethanol) from the viewpoints of safety and ease of handling.
When the aqueous ethanol is used as the extraction solvent, the concentration of ethanol is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but is preferably 50% by mass or more, and more preferably 70% by mass or more.
前記抽出溶媒の使用量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、前記抽出原料として使用する前記植物の各抽出部位の5倍量~15倍量(質量比)が好ましい。 There are no particular limitations on the amount of the extraction solvent used and it can be selected appropriately depending on the purpose, but it is preferable to use an amount (mass ratio) of 5 to 15 times the amount of each part of the plant used as the extraction raw material.
前記植物からサポニンを抽出するための抽出条件(抽出時間、抽出温度、圧力等の雰囲気条件など)としては、特に制限はなく、公知の方法の中から目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。
前記植物の各抽出部位からサポニンを溶出するための抽出時間としては、通常、30分間~2時間程度である。
前記抽出溶媒の温度としては、室温又は使用する溶媒の沸点以下の温度で用いることが好ましい。
前記抽出溶媒として水とエタノールとの混合溶媒を用いた場合には、40℃~80℃で30分間~4時間抽出することが好ましい。
The extraction conditions (extraction time, extraction temperature, atmospheric conditions such as pressure, etc.) for extracting saponin from the plant are not particularly limited, and can be appropriately selected from known methods depending on the purpose.
The extraction time for eluting saponin from each of the extracted parts of the plant is usually about 30 minutes to 2 hours.
The temperature of the extraction solvent is preferably room temperature or a temperature not higher than the boiling point of the solvent used.
When a mixed solvent of water and ethanol is used as the extraction solvent, it is preferable to carry out the extraction at 40° C. to 80° C. for 30 minutes to 4 hours.
前記サポニンの状態としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、前記抽出したサポニンそのものであってもよく、前記サポニンの粗精製物又は精製物、前記サポニンの濃縮物、前記サポニンの希釈物、前記サポニンの乾燥物などであってもよい。また、前記サポニンは、前記サポニンの乾燥物を、再度水、親水性溶媒、又はこれらの混合溶媒等の溶媒に混合又は溶解させたものであってもよい。 The state of the saponin is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, it may be the extracted saponin itself, a crude or purified product of the saponin, a concentrate of the saponin, a diluted product of the saponin, or a dried product of the saponin. The saponin may also be the dried product of the saponin that has been mixed or dissolved again in a solvent such as water, a hydrophilic solvent, or a mixture thereof.
前記サポニンの精製方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、分配クロマトグラフィー、吸着クロマトグラフィー、イオン交換クロマトグラフィー、サイズ排除クロマトグラフィー等のクロマトグラフィー、液-液分配抽出、膜分離などなどが挙げられる。これらの精製方法は、1種単独で行ってもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。 The purification method of the saponin is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. Examples of the purification method include chromatography such as partition chromatography, adsorption chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and size exclusion chromatography, liquid-liquid partition extraction, and membrane separation. These purification methods may be performed alone or in combination of two or more.
前記サポニンの市販品としては、例えば、キラヤサポニンとしては、キラヤニンC-100、キラヤニンP-20、キラヤニンS-100(以上、丸善製薬株式会社製)などが挙げられる。 Commercially available saponins include, for example, Quillaja saponins such as Quillajanin C-100, Quillajanin P-20, and Quillajanin S-100 (all manufactured by Maruzen Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd.).
なお、前記サポニンの純度は、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、サポニン特有の味を考慮に入れると、純度の高い方が好ましい。 The purity of the saponin is not particularly limited and can be selected appropriately depending on the purpose, but taking into account the unique taste of saponin, a higher purity is preferable.
前記植物抽出物中のサポニン含有量は、前記サポニンを含む植物抽出物を適宜水に希釈し、これにアルカリ溶液を加え加水分解処理した後、有機溶媒、有機酸、及び水の少なくともいずれかを加え、液体クロマトグラフィーを行うことにより測定することができる。 The saponin content in the plant extract can be measured by diluting the plant extract containing the saponin appropriately with water, adding an alkaline solution to the dilution, and then adding at least one of an organic solvent, an organic acid, and water, and performing liquid chromatography.
前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物における前記サポニンの含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物全体の0.01質量%~30質量%が好ましく、0.1質量%~10質量%がより好ましく、0.1質量%~0.5質量%が更に好ましい。前記サポニンの含有量が、0.01質量%以上又は30質量%以下であると、水又は酸性溶媒に対する分散性及び可溶性が良好であり、長期間に亘って沈殿の生成を防止することができる点で有利である。 The content of the saponin in the ginkgo leaf extract composition is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but is preferably 0.01% to 30% by mass, more preferably 0.1% to 10% by mass, and even more preferably 0.1% to 0.5% by mass of the entire ginkgo leaf extract composition. If the content of the saponin is 0.01% by mass or more or 30% by mass or less, the dispersibility and solubility in water or acidic solvents are good, and it is advantageous in that the formation of precipitation can be prevented for a long period of time.
<(D)グリセリン>
前記(D)成分としてのグリセリンとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、食品グレードの安全性が高いものであることが好ましい。
前記グリセリンは、公知の方法により適宜合成したものを使用してもよく、市販品を使用してもよい。
<(D) Glycerin>
The glycerin used as the component (D) is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but it is preferable that the glycerin be food-grade and highly safe.
The glycerin used may be one that has been appropriately synthesized by a known method, or a commercially available product.
前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物における前記グリセリンの含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物全体の40質量%~90質量%が好ましく、60質量%~90質量%がより好ましい。前記グリセリンの含有量が、40質量%以上であると、水又は酸性溶媒に対する分散性及び可溶性が良好であり、長期間に亘って沈殿の生成を防止することができる点で有利であり、90質量%以下であると、有効成分であるイチョウ葉抽出物の所望の効果が得られやすい点で有利である。 The content of the glycerin in the ginkgo leaf extract composition is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but is preferably 40% to 90% by mass, and more preferably 60% to 90% by mass, of the entire ginkgo leaf extract composition. If the content of the glycerin is 40% by mass or more, it is advantageous in that the dispersibility and solubility in water or acidic solvents are good and the formation of precipitation can be prevented for a long period of time, and if the content is 90% by mass or less, it is advantageous in that the desired effect of the active ingredient ginkgo leaf extract can be easily obtained.
<(E)脂肪酸エステル>
前記(E)成分としての前記脂肪酸エステルとしては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル、ショ糖脂肪酸エステルなどが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。これらの中でも、グリセリン脂肪酸エステルが好ましく、ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルがより好ましい。
<(E) Fatty acid ester>
The fatty acid ester as the component (E) is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, and examples thereof include glycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Among these, glycerin fatty acid ester is preferred, and polyglycerin fatty acid ester is more preferred.
前記脂肪酸エステルの脂肪酸部分の炭素数としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、12~18が好ましい。 The number of carbon atoms in the fatty acid portion of the fatty acid ester is not particularly limited and can be selected appropriately depending on the purpose, but 12 to 18 is preferable.
前記ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは、グリセリンの重合物であるポリグリセリンと脂肪酸とを構成成分として含むものであり、これらの成分は、ポリグリセリンの水酸基と脂肪酸のカルボン酸を介してエステル結合してなる。
前記ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルは、適宜合成したものを使用してもよく、市販品を使用してもよい。
The polyglycerol fatty acid ester contains polyglycerol, which is a polymer of glycerol, and fatty acids as constituent components, and these components are formed by ester bonds via the hydroxyl groups of the polyglycerol and the carboxylic acids of the fatty acids.
The polyglycerol fatty acid ester may be an appropriately synthesized product or a commercially available product.
前記ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステルのグリセリンの重合度としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、5~10が好ましい。 The degree of polymerization of glycerin in the polyglycerol fatty acid ester is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but is preferably 5 to 10.
前記脂肪酸エステルの具体例としては、ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル-10、ミリスチン酸ポリグリセリル-10、ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル-5、ミリスチン酸ポリグリセリル-5、オレイン酸ポリグリセリル-5、オレイン酸ポリグリセリル-10、パルミチン酸ポリグリセリル-10、ステアリン酸ポリグリセリル-10、ステアリン酸ポリグリセリル-5等のポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル;ショ糖ラウリン酸エステル、ショ糖ミリスチン酸エステル、ショ糖オレイン酸エステル、ショ糖パルミチン酸エステル、ショ糖ステアリン酸エステル等のショ糖脂肪酸エステルなどが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。 Specific examples of the fatty acid ester include polyglycerin fatty acid esters such as polyglyceryl-10 laurate, polyglyceryl-10 myristate, polyglyceryl-5 laurate, polyglyceryl-5 myristate, polyglyceryl-5 oleate, polyglyceryl-10 oleate, polyglyceryl-10 palmitate, polyglyceryl-10 stearate, and polyglyceryl-5 stearate; and sucrose fatty acid esters such as sucrose laurate, sucrose myristate, sucrose oleate, sucrose palmitate, and sucrose stearate. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
前記脂肪酸エステルの市販品の具体例としては、サンソフトQ-12S(ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル-10)、サンソフトQ-14S(ミリスチン酸ポリグリセリル-10)、サンソフトA-121E(ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル-5)、サンソフトA-141E(ミリスチン酸ポリグリセリル-5)、サンソフトA-171E(オレイン酸ポリグリセリル-5)(以上、太陽化学株式会社製)、NIKKOL DECAGLYN 1-OVEX(オレイン酸ポリグリセリル-10)(日光ケミカルズ株式会社製)、DKエステル(登録商標)F-140(ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、HLB値 13)、DKエステル(登録商標)SS(ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、HLB値 19)、DKエステル(登録商標)F-160(ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、HLB値 15)、DKエステル(登録商標)F-110(ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、HLB値 11)、DKエステル(登録商標)F-90(ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、HLB値 9.5)、DKエステル(登録商標)F-70(ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、HLB値 8)、DKエステル(登録商標)F-500(ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、HLB値 6)、DKエステル(登録商標)F-20W(ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、HLB値 2)、DKエステル(登録商標)F-10(ショ糖脂肪酸エステル、HLB値 1)、DKエステル(登録商標)FA-10E(ショ糖脂肪酸エステル)(以上、第一工業製薬株式会社製)などが挙げられる。 Specific examples of commercially available fatty acid esters include Sunsoft Q-12S (polyglyceryl-10 laurate), Sunsoft Q-14S (polyglyceryl-10 myristate), Sunsoft A-121E (polyglyceryl-5 laurate), Sunsoft A-141E (polyglyceryl-5 myristate), Sunsoft A-171E (polyglyceryl-5 oleate) (all manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.), NIKKOL DECAGLYN 1-OVEX (polyglyceryl-10 oleate) (manufactured by Nikko Chemicals Co., Ltd.), DK Ester (registered trademark) F-140 (sucrose fatty acid ester, HLB value 13), DK Ester (registered trademark) SS (sucrose fatty acid ester, HLB value 19), DK Ester (registered trademark) F-160 (sucrose fatty acid ester, HLB value 15), DK Ester (registered trademark) F-110 (sucrose fatty acid ester, HLB value 11), DK Ester (registered trademark) F-90 (sucrose fatty acid ester, HLB value 9.5), DK Ester (registered trademark) F-70 (sucrose fatty acid ester, HLB value 8), DK Ester (registered trademark) F-500 (sucrose fatty acid ester, HLB value 6), DK Ester (registered trademark) F-20W (sucrose fatty acid ester, HLB value 2), DK Ester (registered trademark) F-10 (sucrose fatty acid ester, HLB value 1), DK Ester (registered trademark) FA-10E (sucrose fatty acid ester) (all manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.), etc.
前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物における前記脂肪酸エステルの含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物全体の0.1質量%~50質量%が好ましく、0.1質量%~10質量%がより好ましい。前記脂肪酸エステルの含有量が、0.1質量%以上又は50質量%以下であると、水又は酸性溶媒に対する分散性及び可溶性が良好であり、前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物をハンドリングしやすい程度の粘性となる点で有利である。 The content of the fatty acid ester in the ginkgo leaf extract composition is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but is preferably 0.1% to 50% by mass, and more preferably 0.1% to 10% by mass, of the entire ginkgo leaf extract composition. If the content of the fatty acid ester is 0.1% by mass or more or 50% by mass or less, it is advantageous in that the dispersibility and solubility in water or an acidic solvent are good and the ginkgo leaf extract composition has a viscosity that makes it easy to handle.
前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物の状態としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、ペースト状、液状などが挙げられる。
これらの状態は、前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物の製造方法により適宜調製することができる。
The state of the ginkgo leaf extract composition is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, the composition may be in a paste form or liquid form.
These conditions can be appropriately adjusted by the method for producing the ginkgo leaf extract composition.
-製造方法-
イチョウ葉抽出物組成物のペースト状物又は液状物の製造方法について説明する。
前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物のペースト状物又は液状物の製造方法としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、前記(A)成分のイチョウ葉抽出物と、前記(B)成分の酵素分解レシチンと、前記(C)成分のサポニンと、前記(D)成分のグリセリンと、前記(E)成分の脂肪酸エステルとを添加混合し、ロータリーエバポレーター等の装置で減圧濃縮することにより製造することができる。
- Manufacturing method -
A method for producing a paste or liquid of a ginkgo leaf extract composition will now be described.
The method for producing the paste or liquid of the ginkgo leaf extract composition is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose. For example, the composition can be produced by adding and mixing the ginkgo leaf extract (A), the enzymatically hydrolyzed lecithin (B), the saponin (C), the glycerin (D), and the fatty acid ester (E), and concentrating the mixture under reduced pressure using an apparatus such as a rotary evaporator.
-用途-
本発明のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物は、水又は酸性溶媒に対する優れた分散性及び可溶性を有し、長期間に亘って沈殿の生成を防止することができるものであることから、化粧料、飲食品、医薬品など分野を問わず幅広く利用可能である。また、後述する本発明の経口用組成物に好適に利用可能である。
--Applications--
The ginkgo leaf extract composition of the present invention has excellent dispersibility and solubility in water or acidic solvents and can prevent the formation of precipitates for a long period of time, and therefore can be widely used in a wide range of fields, including cosmetics, foods and beverages, pharmaceuticals, etc. In addition, it can be suitably used in the oral composition of the present invention described below.
本発明のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物は、ヒトに対して好適に適用されるものであるが、それぞれの作用効果が奏される限り、ヒト以外の動物(例えば、マウス、ラット、ハムスター、イヌ、ネコ、ウシ、ブタ、サルなど)に対して適用することもできる。 The ginkgo leaf extract composition of the present invention is suitable for use in humans, but can also be used in animals other than humans (e.g., mice, rats, hamsters, dogs, cats, cows, pigs, monkeys, etc.) as long as the respective functional effects are achieved.
(経口用組成物)
本発明の経口用組成物は、本発明のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物を含有し、必要に応じて更に酸性pH調整剤等のその他の成分を含有する。
(Oral Composition)
The oral composition of the present invention contains the ginkgo leaf extract composition of the present invention, and further contains other ingredients such as an acidic pH adjuster, if necessary.
本発明における経口用組成物は、前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物を含むため、該イチョウ葉抽出物組成物の有効成分であるイチョウ葉抽出物の作用により、循環器機能の改善、血流促進の改善(神経痛の予防、肩凝りの予防、冷え性の予防、頭痛又は偏頭痛の改善)、老化の防止、健胃、健眼、健脳、老人性痴呆症の予防(特に、脳梗塞や脳血栓等の脳血管障害による痴呆の予防)、心疾患の予防(血圧やコレステロールの低下、動脈硬化の予防)、アレルギー症状の改善(アトピー性皮膚炎やぜんそくの症状の改善)などのために用いることができるものである。 The oral composition of the present invention contains the ginkgo leaf extract composition, and therefore, due to the action of the ginkgo leaf extract, which is the active ingredient of the ginkgo leaf extract composition, it can be used to improve circulatory function, promote blood flow (prevent neuralgia, stiff shoulders, poor circulation, and improve headaches or migraines), prevent aging, improve stomach, eyes, and brain, prevent senile dementia (particularly, prevent dementia due to cerebrovascular disorders such as cerebral infarction and cerebral thrombosis), prevent heart disease (reduce blood pressure and cholesterol, prevent arteriosclerosis), and improve allergy symptoms (improve symptoms of atopic dermatitis and asthma).
前記経口用組成物とは、人の健康に危害を加えるおそれが少なく、通常の社会生活において、経口又は消化管投与により摂取されるものをいい、行政区分上の食品、医薬品、医薬部外品などの区分に制限されるものではない。したがって、前記経口用組成物は、経口的に摂取される一般食品、健康食品(機能性飲食品)、保健機能食品(特定保健用食品,栄養機能食品,機能性表示食品)、医薬部外品、医薬品等を構成する飲食品を幅広く含むものを意味する。 The oral composition refers to a composition that is unlikely to be harmful to human health and is taken orally or by administration through the digestive tract in normal social life, and is not limited to administrative classifications such as food, medicine, and quasi-drugs. Therefore, the oral composition refers to a wide range of foods and beverages that are taken orally, including general foods, health foods (functional food and beverages), health functional foods (foods for specified health uses, foods with nutrient functions, and foods with functional claims), quasi-drugs, and medicines.
前記経口用組成物の種類としては、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、茶飲料、清涼飲料、炭酸飲料、栄養飲料、果実飲料、乳酸飲料等の飲料;アイスクリーム、アイスシャーベット、かき氷等の冷菓;そば、うどん、はるさめ、ぎょうざの皮、しゅうまいの皮、中華麺、即席麺等の麺類;飴、キャンディー、ガム、チョコレート、錠菓、スナック菓子、ビスケット、ゼリー、ジャム、クリーム、焼き菓子、パン等の菓子類;カニ、サケ、アサリ、マグロ、イワシ、エビ、カツオ、サバ、クジラ、カキ、サンマ、イカ、アカガイ、ホタテ、アワビ、ウニ、イクラ、トコブシ等の水産物;かまぼこ、ハム、ソーセージ等の水産・畜産加工食品;加工乳、発酵乳等の乳製品;サラダ油、てんぷら油、マーガリン、マヨネーズ、ショートニング、ホイップクリーム、ドレッシング等の油脂及び油脂加工食品;ソース、たれ等の調味料;カレー、シチュー、親子丼、お粥、雑炊、中華丼、かつ丼、天丼、うな丼、ハヤシライス、おでん、マーボドーフ、牛丼、ミートソース、玉子スープ、オムライス、餃子、シューマイ、ハンバーグ、ミートボール等のレトルトパウチ食品;サラダ、漬物等の惣菜;種々の形態の健康用、美容用、又は栄養補助用の食品;錠剤、顆粒剤、カプセル剤、ドリンク剤、トローチ、うがい薬等の医薬品、医薬部外品;口中清涼剤、口臭防止剤等の口腔内で使用する口腔清涼剤、歯磨剤などが挙げられる。 The type of the oral composition is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, and examples of the composition include beverages such as tea drinks, soft drinks, carbonated drinks, nutritional drinks, fruit drinks, and lactic acid drinks; cold desserts such as ice cream, ice sherbet, and shaved ice; noodles such as soba, udon, harusame, gyoza wrappers, shumai wrappers, Chinese noodles, and instant noodles; sweets such as candy, candy, gum, chocolate, tablet candy, snacks, biscuits, jelly, jam, cream, baked goods, and bread; seafood such as crab, salmon, clams, tuna, sardines, shrimp, bonito, mackerel, whale, oysters, pacific saury, squid, ark shells, scallops, abalone, sea urchin, salmon roe, and tokobushi; processed seafood and livestock foods such as kamaboko, ham, and sausage; processed foods Dairy products such as milk and fermented milk; oils and fats and processed oils such as salad oil, tempura oil, margarine, mayonnaise, shortening, whipped cream, and dressings; seasonings such as sauces and sauces; retort pouch foods such as curry, stew, oyakodon, porridge, porridge, Chinese rice bowl, katsudon, tempura bowl, eel bowl, hayashi rice, oden, mabo dolph, beef bowl, meat sauce, egg soup, omelet rice, gyoza, shumai, hamburger, and meatballs; side dishes such as salads and pickles; various forms of health, beauty, or nutritional supplement foods; medicines and quasi-drugs such as tablets, granules, capsules, drinks, lozenges, and mouthwash; oral fresheners used in the oral cavity such as mouth fresheners and breath fresheners, and toothpastes.
これらの中でも、前記経口用組成物の種類は、pH2~7の飲料が好ましい。 Among these, the type of oral composition is preferably a beverage with a pH of 2 to 7.
<イチョウ葉抽出物組成物>
前記経口用組成物が含有する前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物は、前述の本発明のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物である。
前記経口用組成物中の前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物の含有量としては、特に制限はなく、使用目的、症状、性別等を考慮して適宜調整することができる
前記経口用組成物の種類が飲料である場合、前記飲料における前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物の含有量は、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができるが、0.01質量%~50質量%が好ましい。
<Ginkgo Leaf Extract Composition>
The ginkgo leaf extract composition contained in the oral composition is the ginkgo leaf extract composition of the present invention described above.
The content of the ginkgo leaf extract composition in the oral composition is not particularly limited and can be appropriately adjusted taking into consideration the purpose of use, symptoms, gender, etc. When the oral composition is a beverage, the content of the ginkgo leaf extract composition in the beverage is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose, but is preferably 0.01% by mass to 50% by mass.
<その他の成分>
前記経口用組成物における前記その他の成分としては、特に制限はなく、通常の経口用組成物の製造に用いられる補助的原料又は添加物又はその他の成分の中から目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、酸性pH調整剤、ブドウ糖、果糖、ショ糖、マルトース、ソルビトール、ステビオサイド、ルブソサイド、コーンシロップ、dl-α-トコフェロール、エリソルビン酸ナトリウム、グリセリン、プロピレングリコール、前記(E)成分以外の脂肪酸エステル、アラビアガム、カラギーナン、カゼイン、ゼラチン、ペクチン、寒天、ビタミンB類、ニコチン酸アミド、パントテン酸カルシウム、アミノ酸類、カルシウム塩類、色素、香料、保存剤、溶媒、安定化剤、酸化防止剤等の各種添加剤などが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。
<Other ingredients>
The other components in the oral composition are not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose from auxiliary raw materials, additives, or other components used in the production of ordinary oral compositions, and examples thereof include various additives such as acidic pH adjusters, glucose, fructose, sucrose, maltose, sorbitol, stevioside, rubusoside, corn syrup, dl-α-tocopherol, sodium erythorbate, glycerin, propylene glycol, fatty acid esters other than the component (E), gum arabic, carrageenan, casein, gelatin, pectin, agar, vitamin B, nicotinamide, calcium pantothenate, amino acids, calcium salts, colorants, flavorings, preservatives, solvents, stabilizers, and antioxidants. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
前記経口用組成物における前記その他の成分の含有量としては、本発明の効果を損なわない限り、特に制限はなく、目的に応じて適宜選択することができる。 The content of the other components in the oral composition is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the effects of the present invention, and can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.
前記酸性pH調整剤としては、特に制限はなく、公知のpH調整剤の中から目的に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、リン酸、アスコルビン酸、クエン酸、酒石酸、リンゴ酸、乳酸、フィチン酸、グルコン酸、コハク酸、フマル酸などが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。
前記酸性pH調整剤の含有量としては、特に制限はなく、目的のpHに応じて適宜選択することができる。
The acidic pH adjuster is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected from known pH adjusters depending on the purpose, and examples thereof include phosphoric acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, lactic acid, phytic acid, gluconic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The content of the acidic pH adjuster is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the target pH.
以下に実施例及び比較例、並びに試験例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例及び試験例に何ら限定されるものではない。 The present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to examples, comparative examples, and test examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples and test examples.
(実施例1)
イチョウ葉抽出物(製品名:イチョウ葉エキスC、丸善製薬株式会社製)2.00gに50体積%エタノール8mLを加え、60℃の加温下で溶解して溶解液10mLを得た。
また、脂肪酸エステル1(製品名:サンソフトA-141E、太陽化学株式会社製)0.10gに50体積%エタノール4mLを加え、60℃の加温下で溶解して溶解液4mLを得た。
また、酵素分解レシチンとして0.09g相当量の酵素分解レシチン1(製品名:SLP-ホワイトリゾ、辻製油株式会社製)を蒸留水4mLに分散した分散液4mLを得た。
グリセリン7.50gに、前記イチョウ葉抽出物の溶解液10mLと、前記脂肪酸エステル1の溶解液4mLと、部分加水分解サポニン0.041g相当量のキラヤサポニン(製品名:キラヤニンC-100、丸善製薬株式会社製)とを添加し、ロータリーエバポレーターN-1100型(東京理化器械株式会社製)で、60℃の条件下で減圧濃縮した。減圧濃縮により溶媒中からエタノールが気化した後、前記酵素分解レシチン1の分散液4mLを添加し更に60℃の減圧下で10gまで濃縮し、実施例1のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物10gを液状で得た。
Example 1
8 mL of 50% by volume ethanol was added to 2.00 g of ginkgo leaf extract (product name: Ginkgo Leaf Extract C, manufactured by Maruzen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), and dissolved under heating at 60° C. to obtain 10 mL of a solution.
Also, 4 mL of 50% by volume ethanol was added to 0.10 g of fatty acid ester 1 (product name: Sunsoft A-141E, manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.) and dissolved under heating at 60° C. to obtain 4 mL of a solution.
In addition, 0.09 g of enzymatically decomposed lecithin 1 (product name: SLP-White Lyso, manufactured by Tsuji Oil Mills) was dispersed in 4 mL of distilled water to obtain 4 mL of a dispersion.
10 mL of the ginkgo leaf extract solution, 4 mL of the fatty acid ester 1 solution, and Quillaja saponin (product name: Quillayanin C-100, manufactured by Maruzen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.) in an amount equivalent to 0.041 g of partially hydrolyzed saponin were added to 7.50 g of glycerin, and the mixture was concentrated under reduced pressure at 60° C. using a rotary evaporator N-1100 (manufactured by Tokyo Rikakikai Co., Ltd.). After ethanol was evaporated from the solvent by the reduced pressure concentration, 4 mL of the enzymatically decomposed lecithin 1 dispersion was added, and the mixture was further concentrated to 10 g under reduced pressure at 60° C. to obtain 10 g of the ginkgo leaf extract composition of Example 1 in liquid form.
(実施例2)
実施例1において、酵素分解レシチンの種類を、酵素分解レシチン1(製品名:SLP-ホワイトリゾ、辻製油株式会社製)から、酵素分解レシチン2(製品名:サンレシチンA1、太陽化学株式会社製)に変更したこと以外は、実施例1に記載の方法と同様の方法で実施例2のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物10gを得た。
Example 2
10 g of a ginkgo leaf extract composition of Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the type of enzymatically decomposed lecithin in Example 1 was changed from Enzymatically Decomposed Lecithin 1 (product name: SLP-White Lyso, manufactured by Tsuji Oil Mills) to Enzymatically Decomposed Lecithin 2 (product name: Sun Lecithin A1, manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.).
(実施例3)
イチョウ葉抽出物(製品名:イチョウ葉エキスC、丸善製薬株式会社製)2.00gに50体積%エタノール8mLを加え、60℃の加温下で溶解して溶解液10mLを得た。
また、脂肪酸エステル1(製品名:サンソフトA-141E、太陽化学株式会社製)0.10gに50体積%エタノール4mLを加え、60℃の加温下で溶解して溶解液4mLを得た。
グリセリン7.50g、及び酵素分解レシチンとして0.09g相当量の酵素分解レシチン3(製品名:エルマイザーA、協和発酵工業株式会社製)を混合した混合物に、前記イチョウ葉抽出物の溶解液10mLと、部分加水分解サポニン0.041g相当量のキラヤサポニン(製品名:キラヤニンC-100、丸善製薬株式会社製)と、前記脂肪酸エステル1の溶解液4mLとを添加した混合液を得た。前記混合液をロータリーエバポレーターN-1100型(東京理化器械株式会社製)で、60℃の減圧下で10gまで濃縮し、実施例3のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物を液状で得た。
Example 3
8 mL of 50% by volume ethanol was added to 2.00 g of ginkgo leaf extract (product name: Ginkgo Leaf Extract C, manufactured by Maruzen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), and dissolved under heating at 60° C. to obtain 10 mL of a solution.
Also, 4 mL of 50% by volume ethanol was added to 0.10 g of fatty acid ester 1 (product name: Sunsoft A-141E, manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.) and dissolved under heating at 60° C. to obtain 4 mL of a solution.
A mixture of 7.50 g of glycerin and 0.09 g of enzymatically decomposed lecithin 3 (product name: Elmeizer A, manufactured by Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was added with 10 mL of the solution of the ginkgo leaf extract, 0.041 g of partially hydrolyzed saponin equivalent to Quillaja saponin (product name: Quillayanin C-100, manufactured by Maruzen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), and 4 mL of the solution of the fatty acid ester 1 to obtain a mixed solution. The mixed solution was concentrated to 10 g under reduced pressure at 60° C. using a rotary evaporator N-1100 (manufactured by Tokyo Rikakikai Co., Ltd.), to obtain the ginkgo leaf extract composition of Example 3 in liquid form.
(実施例4)
実施例3において、酵素分解レシチンの種類を、酵素分解レシチン3(製品名:エルマイザーA、協和発酵工業株式会社製)から、酵素分解レシチン4(製品名:リゾリン脂質ナガセL、ナガセケムテックス株式会社製)に変更したこと以外は、実施例3に記載の方法と同様の方法で実施例4のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物10gを得た。
Example 4
In Example 3, the type of enzymatically decomposed lecithin was changed from Enzymatically Decomposed Lecithin 3 (product name: Elmeizer A, manufactured by Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to Enzymatically Decomposed Lecithin 4 (product name: Lysophospholipid Nagase L, manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation). Except for this, 10 g of the ginkgo leaf extract composition of Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3.
(実施例5)
実施例2において、脂肪酸エステルの種類及び添加量を、脂肪酸エステル1(製品名:サンソフトA-141E、太陽化学株式会社製)0.10gから、脂肪酸エステル2(製品名:サンソフトQ-14S、太陽化学株式会社製)0.50gに変更し、グリセリンの添加量を7.50gから7.10gに変更したこと以外は、実施例2に記載の方法と同様の方法で実施例5のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物10gを得た。
Example 5
In Example 2, the type and amount of fatty acid ester added was changed from 0.10 g of fatty acid ester 1 (product name: Sunsoft A-141E, manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.) to 0.50 g of fatty acid ester 2 (product name: Sunsoft Q-14S, manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.), and the amount of glycerin added was changed from 7.50 g to 7.10 g. Except for this, 10 g of the ginkgo leaf extract composition of Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2.
(実施例6)
実施例2において、脂肪酸エステルの種類及び添加量を、脂肪酸エステル1(製品名:サンソフトA-141E、太陽化学株式会社製)0.10gから、脂肪酸エステル2(製品名:サンソフトQ-14S、太陽化学株式会社製)0.30gに変更し、グリセリンの添加量を7.50gから7.30gに変更したこと以外は、実施例2に記載の方法と同様の方法で実施例6のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物10gを得た。
Example 6
In Example 2, the type and amount of fatty acid ester added was changed from 0.10 g of fatty acid ester 1 (product name: Sunsoft A-141E, manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.) to 0.30 g of fatty acid ester 2 (product name: Sunsoft Q-14S, manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.), and the amount of glycerin added was changed from 7.50 g to 7.30 g. Except for this, 10 g of the ginkgo leaf extract composition of Example 6 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2.
(比較例1)
実施例1において、脂肪酸エステル1を添加しなかったこと以外は、実施例1に記載の方法と同様の方法で、比較例1のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物10gを得た。
(Comparative Example 1)
10 g of a ginkgo leaf extract composition of Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that fatty acid ester 1 was not added.
(比較例2)
実施例2において、脂肪酸エステル1を添加しなかったこと以外は、実施例2に記載の方法と同様の方法で、比較例2のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物10gを得た。
(Comparative Example 2)
10 g of a ginkgo leaf extract composition of Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2, except that fatty acid ester 1 was not added.
(比較例3)
実施例3において、脂肪酸エステル1を添加しなかったこと以外は、実施例3に記載の方法と同様の方法で比較例3のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物10gを得た。
(Comparative Example 3)
10 g of a ginkgo leaf extract composition of Comparative Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3, except that fatty acid ester 1 was not added.
(比較例4)
実施例1において、酵素分解レシチン1及び脂肪酸エステル1を添加しなかったこと以外は、実施例1に記載の方法と同様の方法で、比較例4のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物10gを得た。
(Comparative Example 4)
10 g of a ginkgo leaf extract composition of Comparative Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the enzymatically decomposed lecithin 1 and fatty acid ester 1 in Example 1 were not added.
(比較例5)
実施例1において、酵素分解レシチン1及びキラヤサポニンを添加しなかったこと以外は、実施例1に記載の方法と同様の方法で、比較例5のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物10gを得た。
(Comparative Example 5)
10 g of a ginkgo leaf extract composition of Comparative Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that enzymatically decomposed lecithin 1 and Quillaja saponin were not added.
実施例1~6及び比較例1~5の各イチョウ葉抽出物組成物について、以下に示す方法で、「透過率」、「保存安定性(濁り)」、「保存安定性(沈殿)」、及び「起泡性」を評価した。結果を下記表1及び2に示す。下記表1及び2における実施例及び比較例に記載の各成分の含有量は、「質量(g)」で示す。 The ginkgo leaf extract compositions of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 were evaluated for "transmittance," "storage stability (turbidity)," "storage stability (precipitation)," and "foamability" using the methods described below. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below. The content of each component described in the Examples and Comparative Examples in Tables 1 and 2 below is shown in "mass (g)."
-試験試料の調製-
イチョウ葉抽出物として80mg相当量の実施例1~6及び比較例1~5の各イチョウ葉抽出物組成物を秤取し、pH3.5の20mMクエン酸ナトリウム緩衝液で希釈して100mL(イチョウ葉抽出物濃度0.80質量%)の希釈液とした。
これらの希釈液を90℃に10分間さらし、5℃の条件下にて1週間静置して保管したものを試験試料とした。
- Preparation of test samples -
Each ginkgo leaf extract composition of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 was weighed out in an amount equivalent to 80 mg of ginkgo leaf extract, and diluted with 20 mM sodium citrate buffer at pH 3.5 to give a diluted solution of 100 mL (ginkgo leaf extract concentration: 0.80% by mass).
These diluted solutions were exposed to 90° C. for 10 minutes and then left to stand at 5° C. for one week to prepare test samples.
<透過率>
紫外可視分光光度計(型番:UV-1800、株式会社島津製作所製)を用い、光路長10mmのガラスセルに、実施例及び比較例の各試験試料を入れ、600nmの透過率(%T)を測定した。
<Transmittance>
Using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer (model: UV-1800, manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation), each test sample of the examples and comparative examples was placed in a glass cell with an optical path length of 10 mm, and the transmittance (% T) at 600 nm was measured.
<保存安定性(濁り)>
実施例及び比較例の各試験試料の濁りを目視にて確認し、以下に示す評価基準により評価した。
[保存安定性(濁り)の評価基準]
- :透明であり濁りは認められない
+ :わずかな濁りが認められる
++ :濁りが認められる
+++ :多くの濁りが認められる
++++ :更に多くの濁りが認められる
+++++:著しく多い濁りが認められる
<Storage stability (turbidity)>
The turbidity of each test sample in the Examples and Comparative Examples was visually confirmed and evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria.
[Evaluation criteria for storage stability (turbidity)]
-: Transparent, no turbidity observed +: Slight turbidity observed ++: Turbidity observed +++: Significant turbidity observed +++++: Even more turbidity observed ++++++: Significantly more turbidity observed
<保存安定性(沈殿)>
実施例及び比較例の各試験試料の沈殿を目視にて確認し、以下に示す評価基準により評価した。
[保存安定性(沈殿)の評価基準]
- :沈殿は認められない
+ :わずかな沈殿が認められる
++ :沈殿が認められる
+++ :多くの沈殿が認められる
++++ :更に多くの沈殿が認められる
+++++:著しく多い沈殿が認められる
<Storage stability (precipitation)>
The precipitation of each test sample of the Examples and Comparative Examples was visually confirmed and evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria.
[Evaluation criteria for storage stability (precipitation)]
-: No precipitation observed +: Slight precipitation observed ++: Precipitation observed +++: Much precipitation observed ++++: Even more precipitation observed ++++++: Significantly more precipitation observed
<起泡性>
イチョウ葉抽出物として16mg相当量の実施例1~6及び比較例1~5の各イチョウ葉抽出物組成物を秤取し、pH6.0の20mMリン酸カリウム緩衝液で希釈して100mLの希釈液(イチョウ葉抽出物濃度0.16質量%)とした。
前記希釈液15mLを、50mLのネスラー管(口径:2cm)に採取し、栓をして40回振盪後、泡高として液面から気泡面までの高さ(mm)を測定し、起泡性の評価とした。
<Foaming properties>
Each ginkgo leaf extract composition of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5 was weighed out in an amount equivalent to 16 mg of ginkgo leaf extract, and diluted with 20 mM potassium phosphate buffer at pH 6.0 to give 100 mL of diluted solution (ginkgo leaf extract concentration: 0.16% by mass).
15 mL of the diluted solution was placed in a 50 mL Nessler tube (diameter: 2 cm), plugged, and shaken 40 times. The height (mm) from the liquid surface to the foam surface was measured as the foam height, and this was used to evaluate foamability.
(実施例7)
実施例4において、脂肪酸エステルの種類を、脂肪酸エステル1(製品名:サンソフトA-141E、太陽化学株式会社製)から、脂肪酸エステル2(製品名:サンソフトQ-14S、太陽化学株式会社製)に変更したこと以外は、実施例4に記載の方法と同様の方法で、実施例7のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物10gを得た。
(Example 7)
10 g of the ginkgo leaf extract composition of Example 7 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 4, except that the type of fatty acid ester in Example 4 was changed from fatty acid ester 1 (product name: Sunsoft A-141E, manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.) to fatty acid ester 2 (product name: Sunsoft Q-14S, manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.).
(実施例8)
実施例7において、脂肪酸エステル2(製品名:サンソフトQ-14S、太陽化学株式会社製)の添加量を0.10gから1.00gに変更し、グリセリンの添加量を7.50gから6.60gに変更したこと以外は、実施例7に記載の方法と同様の方法で実施例8のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物10gを得た。
(Example 8)
10 g of the ginkgo leaf extract composition of Example 8 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 7, except that the amount of fatty acid ester 2 (product name: Sunsoft Q-14S, manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.) added was changed from 0.10 g to 1.00 g and the amount of glycerin added was changed from 7.50 g to 6.60 g.
(実施例9)
実施例3において、脂肪酸エステルの種類及び添加量を、脂肪酸エステル1(製品名:サンソフトA-141E、太陽化学株式会社製)0.10gから、脂肪酸エステル2(製品名:サンソフトQ-14S、太陽化学株式会社製)0.05gに変更し、グリセリンの添加量を7.50gから7.55gに変更したこと以外は、実施例3に記載の方法と同様の方法で実施例9のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物10gを得た。
(Example 9)
In Example 3, the type and amount of fatty acid ester added was changed from 0.10 g of fatty acid ester 1 (product name: Sunsoft A-141E, manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.) to 0.05 g of fatty acid ester 2 (product name: Sunsoft Q-14S, manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.), and the amount of glycerin added was changed from 7.50 g to 7.55 g. Except for this, 10 g of the ginkgo leaf extract composition of Example 9 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3.
実施例7~9の各イチョウ葉抽出物組成物について、以下に示す方法で試験試料の調製を行ったこと以外は、実施例1~6及び比較例1~5のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物の評価と同様の方法で、「透過率」、「保存安定性(濁り)」、及び「保存安定性(沈殿)」の評価を行った。また、実施例7~9の各イチョウ葉抽出物組成物の起泡性については、実施例1~6及び比較例1~5のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物の起泡性の評価と同様の方法で行った。結果を下記表3に示す。下記表3における実施例に記載の各成分の含有量は、「質量(g)」で示す。 For each of the ginkgo leaf extract compositions of Examples 7 to 9, the "transmittance," "storage stability (turbidity)," and "storage stability (precipitation)" were evaluated in the same manner as in the evaluation of the ginkgo leaf extract compositions of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5, except that the test samples were prepared in the manner described below. In addition, the foamability of each of the ginkgo leaf extract compositions of Examples 7 to 9 was evaluated in the same manner as in the evaluation of the foamability of the ginkgo leaf extract compositions of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5. The results are shown in Table 3 below. The content of each component described in the examples in Table 3 below is shown in "mass (g)."
-試験試料の調製-
イチョウ葉抽出物として16mg相当量の実施例7~9の各イチョウ葉抽出物組成物を秤取し、pH3.5の20mMクエン酸ナトリウム緩衝液で希釈して100mL(イチョウ葉抽出物濃度0.80質量%)の希釈液とした。
これらの希釈液を90℃に10分間さらし、5℃の条件下にて1週間静置して保管したものを試験試料とした。
- Preparation of test samples -
Each of the ginkgo leaf extract compositions of Examples 7 to 9 was weighed out in an amount equivalent to 16 mg of ginkgo leaf extract, and diluted with 20 mM sodium citrate buffer at pH 3.5 to give a diluted solution of 100 mL (ginkgo leaf extract concentration: 0.80% by mass).
These diluted solutions were exposed to 90° C. for 10 minutes and then left to stand at 5° C. for one week to prepare test samples.
<官能評価>
イチョウ葉抽出物として16mg相当量の実施例2のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物を秤取し、水で希釈して100mL(イチョウ葉抽出物濃度0.16質量%)とし、90℃に10分間さらし、水冷したものを試験試料1とした。
また、イチョウ葉抽出物として16mg相当量の実施例7のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物を秤取し、水で希釈して100mL(イチョウ葉抽出物濃度0.16質量%)とし、90℃に10分間さらし、水冷したものを試験試料2とした。
また、イチョウ葉抽出物として16mg相当量のイチョウ葉抽出物(製品名:イチョウ葉エキスC、丸善製薬株式会社製)を秤取し、水で希釈して100mL(イチョウ葉抽出物濃度0.16質量%)とし、90℃に10分間さらし、水冷したものを対照試料とした。
<Sensory evaluation>
The ginkgo leaf extract composition of Example 2 equivalent to 16 mg of ginkgo leaf extract was weighed out, diluted with water to 100 mL (ginkgo leaf extract concentration: 0.16% by mass), exposed to 90°C for 10 minutes, and cooled with water to obtain test sample 1.
In addition, 16 mg of the ginkgo leaf extract composition of Example 7 was weighed out, diluted with water to 100 mL (ginkgo leaf extract concentration: 0.16% by mass), exposed to 90°C for 10 minutes, and cooled with water to obtain test sample 2.
In addition, a control sample was prepared by weighing out 16 mg of ginkgo leaf extract (product name: Ginkgo Leaf Extract C, manufactured by Maruzen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.), diluting it with water to 100 mL (ginkgo leaf extract concentration: 0.16% by mass), exposing it to 90°C for 10 minutes, and cooling it with water.
におい及び呈味の官能評価は、成人パネラー13名(男性:8名、女性:5名)が、前記試験試料1(実施例2のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物)、前記試験試料2(実施例7のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物)、又は対照試料(イチョウ葉抽出物)のにおいを嗅いだ後、試飲し、アンケート用紙に回答することで行った。アンケートの評価方法は、パネラーが、「飲みやすさ」、「におい」、「特有の風味」、「苦味及び渋味」、「後味(苦味)」、及び「後味」を評価項目として、下記7段階の評価基準に基づき評価することにより行った。パネラー13名の評価の平均点を各項目の評価結果とし、下記表4、並びに図1及び図2に示した。 The sensory evaluation of the smell and taste was carried out by 13 adult panelists (8 men, 5 women) who smelled and then tasted the test sample 1 (the ginkgo leaf extract composition of Example 2), the test sample 2 (the ginkgo leaf extract composition of Example 7), or the control sample (ginkgo leaf extract), and answered a questionnaire. The panelists evaluated the following items based on the seven-point scale: "ease of drinking," "smell," "characteristic flavor," "bitterness and astringency," "aftertaste (bitterness)," and "aftertaste." The average scores of the 13 panelists were used as the evaluation results for each item, and are shown in Table 4 below and in Figures 1 and 2.
[飲みやすさの評価基準]
3:非常に飲みやすい
2:かなり飲みやすい
1:やや飲みやすい
0:どちらでもない
-1:やや飲みにくい
-2:かなり飲みにくい
-3:非常に飲みにくい
[Easy-to-drink evaluation criteria]
3: Very easy to drink 2: Quite easy to drink 1: Somewhat easy to drink 0: Neither -1: Somewhat difficult to drink -2: Quite difficult to drink -3: Very difficult to drink
[においの評価基準]
3:非常に感じない
2:かなり感じない
1:やや感じない
0:どちらでもない
-1:やや感じる
-2:かなり感じる
-3:非常に感じる
[Odor evaluation criteria]
3: Very little 2: Very little 1: Slightly little 0: Neither -1: Slightly little -2: Very little -3: Very little
[特有の風味の評価基準]
3:非常に感じない
2:かなり感じない
1:やや感じない
0:どちらでもない
-1:やや感じる
-2:かなり感じる
-3:非常に感じる
[Evaluation criteria for distinctive flavor]
3: Very little 2: Very little 1: Slightly little 0: Neither -1: Slightly little -2: Very little -3: Very little
[苦味及び渋味の評価基準]
3:非常に感じない
2:かなり感じない
1:やや感じない
0:どちらでもない
-1:やや感じる
-2:かなり感じる
-3:非常に感じる
[Evaluation criteria for bitterness and astringency]
3: Very little 2: Very little 1: Slightly little 0: Neither -1: Slightly little -2: Very little -3: Very little
[後味(苦味)の評価基準]
3:非常に感じない
2:かなり感じない
1:やや感じない
0:どちらでもない
-1:やや感じる
-2:かなり感じる
-3:非常に感じる
[Evaluation criteria for aftertaste (bitterness)]
3: Very little 2: Very little 1: Slightly little 0: Neither -1: Slightly little -2: Very little -3: Very little
[後味の評価基準]
3:非常に感じない
2:かなり感じない
1:やや感じない
0:どちらでもない
-1:やや感じる
-2:かなり感じる
-3:非常に感じる
[Aftertaste evaluation criteria]
3: Very little 2: Very little 1: Slightly little 0: Neither -1: Slightly little -2: Very little -3: Very little
(試験例1)
以下の酵素分解レシチン1~4を試験試料として用い、以下の方法で酵素分解レシチン1~4の質量比[LPA/LPC]を求めた。なお、酵素分解レシチン4については、3つの異なるロットのものを試験試料として使用した。
・ 酵素分解レシチン1:SLPホワイトリゾ(辻製油株式会社製、リン脂質としての含有量:96質量%~98質量%)
・ 酵素分解レシチン2:サンレシチンA1(太陽化学株式会社製、酵素分解レシチンとしての含有量:33質量%)
・ 酵素分解レシチン3:エルマイザーA(協和発酵工業株式会社製、酵素分解レシチンとしての含有量:100質量%)
・ 酵素分解レシチン4:リゾリン脂質ナガセL(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製、酵素分解レシチンとしての含有量:18質量%)
(Test Example 1)
The following enzymatically decomposed lecithins 1 to 4 were used as test samples, and the mass ratios [LPA/LPC] of the enzymatically decomposed lecithins 1 to 4 were determined by the following method. For the enzymatically decomposed lecithin 4, three different lots were used as the test samples.
Enzymatically decomposed lecithin 1: SLP White Lyso (Tsuji Oil Mills, content as phospholipid: 96% to 98% by mass)
Enzymatically decomposed lecithin 2: Sunlecithin A1 (manufactured by Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd., content as enzymatically decomposed lecithin: 33% by mass)
Enzymatically decomposed lecithin 3: Elmizer A (Kyowa Hakko Kogyo Co., Ltd., content as enzymatically decomposed lecithin: 100% by mass)
Enzymatically decomposed lecithin 4: Lysophospholipid Nagase L (manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation, content as enzymatically decomposed lecithin: 18% by mass)
<LPA分析用試料溶液又はLPA分析用標準溶液の調製>
LPAは金属配位性が強く、金属配管を使用した通常のHPLCやSFCではカラムや配管に吸着してしまうため分析が困難である。そこで、和泉 自泰ら(オレオサイエンス, 14, 2014, p.329-335)の方法を参照してメチル化を行い、LPA分析用試料とした。
前記各試験試料は、酵素分解レシチンとしての含有量として4mg/mLとなるようにメタノールにて調製した。また、LPA標準品(1-Oleoyl Lysophosphatidic Acid(sodium salt) Cayman Chemical社製)は、10μg/mLとなるようにメタノールにて調製した。各試験試料又はLPA標準品を含むメタノール液1mLに、0℃下でトリメチルシリルジアゾメタン(TMS-ジアゾメタン)0.5mLを加え、室温(25±5℃)にて10分間反応させた。反応液を濃縮乾固した後、リン脂質含有量として100μg/mLとなるようメタノールにて調製した。この液をメンブランフィルター(孔径0.2μm)でろ過したものをLPA分析用試料溶液又はLPA分析用標準溶液とした。
<Preparation of sample solution for LPA analysis or standard solution for LPA analysis>
LPA has a strong metal coordination property, and it is difficult to analyze it in normal HPLC or SFC using metal piping because it is adsorbed to the column and piping. Therefore, methylation was performed according to the method of Izumi Motoyasu et al. (Oleoscience, 14, 2014, p.329-335) to prepare a sample for LPA analysis.
Each test sample was prepared in methanol so that the content as enzymatically decomposed lecithin was 4 mg/mL. In addition, an LPA standard (1-oleoyl lysophosphatidic acid (sodium salt) manufactured by Cayman Chemical Co.) was prepared in methanol so that the content was 10 μg/mL. 0.5 mL of trimethylsilyldiazomethane (TMS-diazomethane) was added to 1 mL of a methanol solution containing each test sample or LPA standard at 0° C., and the mixture was reacted at room temperature (25±5° C.) for 10 minutes. After concentrating and drying the reaction solution, the mixture was prepared in methanol so that the content of phospholipid was 100 μg/mL. This solution was filtered through a membrane filter (pore size 0.2 μm) to prepare a sample solution for LPA analysis or a standard solution for LPA analysis.
<LPC分析用試料溶液又はLPC分析用標準溶液の調製>
前記各試験試料は、酵素分解レシチンとしての含有量として100μg/mLとなるようにメタノールにて調製し、メンブランフィルター(孔径0.2μm)でろ過したものをLPC分析用試料溶液とした。
また、LPC標準品(L-α-リゾホスファチジルコリン,卵黄由来、富士フィルム和光純薬工業株式会社製)は、1μg/mL、5μg/mL、又は10μg/mLとなるようメタノールにて調製し、各液をメンブランフィルター(孔径0.2μm)でろ過したものをLPC分析用標準溶液とした。
<Preparation of sample solution for LPC analysis or standard solution for LPC analysis>
Each of the test samples was prepared in methanol so that the content of enzymatically decomposed lecithin was 100 μg/mL, and the solution was filtered through a membrane filter (pore size: 0.2 μm) to prepare a sample solution for LPC analysis.
Furthermore, an LPC standard (L-α-lysophosphatidylcholine, derived from egg yolk, manufactured by Fujifilm Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.) was prepared with methanol to give concentrations of 1 μg/mL, 5 μg/mL, or 10 μg/mL, and each solution was filtered through a membrane filter (pore size: 0.2 μm) to prepare a standard solution for LPC analysis.
<分析>
リン脂質は脂肪酸鎖の種類にかかわらず、超臨界流体クロマトグラフィーにてリン脂質の種類ごとに近しい保持時間をとることが明らかとなっている(Waters application ‘Lipid Class Separation Using UPC2/MS’参照)。また、表5に示すように、リン脂質はその種類ごとに分子量が決まっていることから、メチル化LPA及びLPCの検出し得る質量の範囲でマスクロマトグラムを作成し、以下に記載の分析条件にて定量を行った。なお、大豆レシチンには、炭素数14以下又は炭素数20以上の脂肪酸はほとんど含有されないことから、定量するマススペクトルから除外した(松本義信ら、川崎医療福祉学会誌、15、2005、p.209-216参照)。
LPA分析用試料溶液のピークは、LPA分析用標準溶液の保持時間と比較して同定し、3.5分間~4.0分間にあるピークを全て合算して面積を算出した。また、LPC分析用試料溶液のピークは、LPC分析用標準溶液の保持時間と比較して同定し、6.9分間~7.6分間にあるピークを全て合算して面積を算出した。
各分析用試料溶液中のメチル化LPA又はLPCのピーク面積を標準溶液の検量線に代入してそれぞれの定量値を算出し、質量比[LPA/LPC]を算出した。結果を下記表6に示す。
[分析条件]
・ SFC装置:ACQUITY UPC2(Waters社製)
・ MS装置:Xevo G2 Tof(Waters社製)
・ カラム:Viridis BEH(1.7μm、100×3.0mm i.d.、Waters社製)
・ カラム温度:40℃
・ 移動相:A=CO2、B=0.1%NH3/メタノール
・ グラジエントプログラム:0分(A:B=99:1)→7.0分(A:B=50:50)→7.5分(A:B=50:50)
・ 流速:1.6mL/分間
・ 注入量:1.0μL
・ 検出器:MS
-LPAのMS条件-
・ 極性(Polarity):ネガティブモード(ES-)
・ キャピラリー電圧(capillary voltage):2.0kV
・ 抽出コーン電圧(extraction cone):4.0kV
・ コーン電圧(cone Voltage):10V
・ ソース温度(source temp.):120℃
・ 脱溶媒温度(desolvation temp.):450℃
・ コーンガス流量(cone gas flow):50L/時間
・ 脱溶媒ガス流量(desolvation gas flow):800L/時間
・ 質量スキャン範囲(Mass scan range):50Da~1,500Da
・ スキャン時間(Scan time):0.2sec-1
-LPCのMS条件-
・ 極性(Polarity):ポジティブ(ES+)
・ キャピラリー電圧(capillary voltage):3.0kV
・ 抽出コーン電圧(extraction cone):4.0kV
・ コーン電圧(cone Voltage):30V
・ ソース温度(source temp.):120℃
・ 脱溶媒温度(desolvation temp.):450℃
・ コーンガス流量(cone gas flow):50L/時間
・ 脱溶媒ガス流量(desolvation gas flow):800L/時間
・ 質量スキャン範囲(Mass scan range):50Da~1,500Da
・ スキャン時間(Scan time):0.2sec-1
Analysis
It has been revealed that phospholipids have similar retention times for each type of phospholipid in supercritical fluid chromatography, regardless of the type of fatty acid chain (see Waters application 'Lipid Class Separation Using UPC 2 /MS'). As shown in Table 5, since the molecular weight of each type of phospholipid is determined, mass chromatograms were prepared within the range of masses that can be detected for methylated LPA and LPC, and quantification was performed under the analytical conditions described below. Since soybean lecithin contains almost no fatty acids with 14 or less carbon atoms or 20 or more carbon atoms, these were excluded from the mass spectrum to be quantified (see Matsumoto Yoshinobu et al., Kawasaki Medical Welfare Society Journal, 15, 2005, pp. 209-216).
The peaks of the LPA analysis sample solution were identified by comparing with the retention time of the LPA analysis standard solution, and the area of all peaks between 3.5 and 4.0 minutes was calculated by adding up the peaks. The peaks of the LPC analysis sample solution were identified by comparing with the retention time of the LPC analysis standard solution, and the area of all peaks between 6.9 and 7.6 minutes was calculated by adding up the peaks.
The peak area of methylated LPA or LPC in each analytical sample solution was substituted into the calibration curve of the standard solution to calculate the respective quantitative values, and the mass ratio [LPA/LPC] was calculated. The results are shown in Table 6 below.
[Analysis conditions]
SFC device: ACQUITY UPC 2 (manufactured by Waters)
MS device: Xevo G2 Tof (Waters)
Column: Viridis BEH (1.7 μm, 100 × 3.0 mm i.d., Waters)
Column temperature: 40°C
Mobile phase: A = CO2 , B = 0.1% NH3 /methanol Gradient program: 0 min (A:B = 99:1) → 7.0 min (A:B = 50:50) → 7.5 min (A:B = 50:50)
Flow rate: 1.6 mL/min Injection volume: 1.0 μL
Detector: MS
- MS conditions for LPA -
Polarity: Negative mode ( ES- )
Capillary voltage: 2.0 kV
Extraction cone voltage: 4.0 kV
Cone Voltage: 10V
Source temperature: 120° C.
Desolvation temperature: 450° C.
Cone gas flow: 50 L/hr Desolvation gas flow: 800 L/hr Mass scan range: 50 Da to 1,500 Da
Scan time: 0.2 sec
- MS conditions for LPC -
Polarity: Positive (ES + )
Capillary voltage: 3.0 kV
Extraction cone voltage: 4.0 kV
Cone Voltage: 30V
Source temperature: 120° C.
Desolvation temperature: 450° C.
Cone gas flow: 50 L/hr Desolvation gas flow: 800 L/hr Mass scan range: 50 Da to 1,500 Da
Scan time: 0.2 sec
前記実施例及び比較例で使用した各成分の詳細について、下記表7に示す。 Details of each component used in the above examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 7 below.
本発明の態様としては、例えば、以下のものなどが挙げられる。
<1> (A)イチョウ葉抽出物、(B)酵素分解レシチン、(C)サポニン、(D)グリセリン、及び(E)脂肪酸エステルを含有することを特徴とするイチョウ葉抽出物組成物である。
<2> (E)脂肪酸エステルが、ショ糖脂肪酸エステル及びグリセリン脂肪酸エステルの少なくともいずれかである前記<1>に記載のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物である。
<3> 前記<1>から<2>のいずれかに記載のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物を含有することを特徴とする経口用組成物である。
<4> pH2~7の飲料である前記<3>に記載の経口用組成物である。
Examples of aspects of the present invention include the following.
<1> A ginkgo leaf extract composition comprising (A) ginkgo leaf extract, (B) enzymatically hydrolyzed lecithin, (C) saponin, (D) glycerin, and (E) a fatty acid ester.
<2> The ginkgo leaf extract composition according to <1>, wherein the fatty acid ester (E) is at least one of a sucrose fatty acid ester and a glycerin fatty acid ester.
<3> A composition for oral administration, comprising the ginkgo leaf extract composition according to any one of <1> to <2>.
<4> The composition for oral administration according to <3>, which is a beverage having a pH of 2 to 7.
本発明のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物は、水又は酸性溶媒に対する優れた分散性及び可溶性を有し、長期間に亘って沈殿の生成を防止することができるものであることから、化粧料、飲食品、医薬品など分野を問わず幅広く利用可能である。
また、本発明における経口用組成物は、前記イチョウ葉抽出物組成物を含むため、循環器機能の改善、血流促進の改善(神経痛の予防、肩凝りの予防、冷え性の予防、頭痛又は偏頭痛の改善)、老化の防止、健胃、健眼、健脳、老人性痴呆症の予防(特に、脳梗塞や脳血栓等の脳血管障害による痴呆の予防)、心疾患の予防(血圧やコレステロールの低下、動脈硬化の予防)、アレルギー症状の改善(アトピー性皮膚炎やぜんそくの症状の改善)などに好適に利用可能である。
The ginkgo leaf extract composition of the present invention has excellent dispersibility and solubility in water or acidic solvents and can prevent the formation of precipitation for a long period of time, and therefore can be widely used in a variety of fields, including cosmetics, food and beverages, and pharmaceuticals.
In addition, since the oral composition of the present invention contains the ginkgo leaf extract composition, it can be suitably used for improving circulatory function, promoting blood flow (preventing neuralgia, stiff shoulders, poor circulation, and improving headaches or migraines), preventing aging, strengthening the stomach, healthy eyes, and healthy brain, preventing senile dementia (particularly, preventing dementia caused by cerebrovascular disorders such as cerebral infarction and cerebral thrombosis), preventing heart disease (reducing blood pressure and cholesterol, preventing arteriosclerosis), and improving allergic symptoms (improving the symptoms of atopic dermatitis and asthma).
Claims (5)
前記(B)酵素分解レシチンの含有量が、0.3質量%~4質量%であり、
前記(C)サポニンの含有量が、0.01質量%~30質量%であり、
前記(D)グリセリンの含有量が、40質量%~90質量%であり、
前記(E)脂肪酸エステルの含有量が、0.1質量%~50質量%である
ことを特徴とするイチョウ葉抽出物組成物。 The composition contains (A) ginkgo leaf extract, (B) enzymatically decomposed lecithin, (C) saponin, (D) glycerin, and (E) a fatty acid ester (excluding unsaturated fatty acid esters) ,
The content of the enzymatically decomposed lecithin (B) is 0.3% by mass to 4% by mass,
The content of the saponin (C) is 0.01% by mass to 30% by mass,
The content of the (D) glycerin is 40% by mass to 90% by mass,
The content of the (E) fatty acid ester is 0.1% by mass to 50% by mass.
A ginkgo leaf extract composition comprising:
前記グリセリン脂肪酸エステルが、ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル-10、ミリスチン酸ポリグリセリル-10、ラウリン酸ポリグリセリル-5、ミリスチン酸ポリグリセリル-5、オレイン酸ポリグリセリル-5、オレイン酸ポリグリセリル-10、パルミチン酸ポリグリセリル-10、ステアリン酸ポリグリセリル-10、及びステアリン酸ポリグリセリル-5からなる群より選択される少なくともいずれかである、請求項2に記載のイチョウ葉抽出物組成物。The ginkgo leaf extract composition according to claim 2, wherein the glycerol fatty acid ester is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyglyceryl-10 laurate, polyglyceryl-10 myristate, polyglyceryl-5 laurate, polyglyceryl-5 myristate, polyglyceryl-5 oleate, polyglyceryl-10 oleate, polyglyceryl-10 palmitate, polyglyceryl-10 stearate, and polyglyceryl-5 stearate.
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