JP7637596B2 - Tunnel lining method and lining structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a tunnel lining method and lining structure used, for example, in constructing a lining plate at a tunnel entrance.

Typically, tunnel construction involves forming a primary lining on the inner surface of an excavated tunnel using sprayed concrete, then installing formwork along the primary lining and pouring concrete into the formwork to construct a secondary lining. However, this method requires a lot of man-hours to install and remove the formwork.

Another known lining method is to build a lining plate using precast plates fabricated in advance in a factory or the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1). With this method, the lining plate can be constructed by transporting precast plates to the site and installing them in the circumferential and axial directions of the tunnel using an erector or other erection device, so there is no need to pour the lining concrete on site and the lining plate can be constructed efficiently, and it is therefore used in the construction of many tunnels.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 08-210099

In general tunnel sections that are installed underground in mountainous regions, the natural ground surrounding the tunnel acts to support the tunnel itself, forming a so-called ground arch. However, at the tunnel entrance, where the tunnel is located at the entrance, there is not enough earth covering, so a structure with higher rigidity is required than the general tunnel section. For this reason, conventionally, an invert is installed at the bottom of the tunnel at the entrance to connect the foundations of both side walls, and a reinforcing bar lining is constructed along both side walls.

However, in order to construct a rebar-reinforced lining plate, it was necessary to pour concrete on-site using formwork, which posed the problem of lengthening the construction period due to the installation and removal of the formwork.

In addition, if a precast plate is used for the lining of the tunnel entrance, there is no need to pour concrete on-site using forms. However, because the lining of the tunnel entrance requires a more rigid plate than the general tunnel section, the thickness and weight of the precast plate itself is larger than those for the general tunnel section, which creates the problem of large-scale transportation, delivery and installation at the site.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a tunnel lining method and lining structure that can efficiently construct a highly rigid lining plate without the need to install and remove formwork on-site.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a tunnel lining method in which a plurality of precast slabs curved along the circumferential direction of the tunnel are arranged in the circumferential and axial directions of the tunnel to construct an arch-shaped lining slab, in which an outer plate curved along the outer peripheral surface of the precast slab is attached in advance to the outer peripheral surface of the precast slab at a predetermined distance from the outer peripheral surface of the precast slab by a plurality of first connecting members formed to extend in the radial direction of the tunnel and arranged over the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the tunnel circumferential direction, and a plurality of second connecting members formed to extend in the horizontal direction and arranged over the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the tunnel circumferential direction , and the precast slab with the outer plate attached is installed in an arch shape at the site, and then concrete is poured between the precast slab and the outer plate, and the outer plate is left on the outer peripheral surface of the lining slab, thereby constructing a lining slab in which the precast slab and the outer plate are integrated together with the concrete.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a tunnel lining structure with an arch-shaped lining plate constructed by arranging a plurality of precast slabs, each curved along the circumferential direction of the tunnel, in the circumferential and axial directions of the tunnel, the structure comprising: an outer plate formed to curve along the outer circumferential surface of the precast slab and attached to the outer circumferential surface of the precast slab at a predetermined interval from the outer circumferential surface of the precast slab; a plurality of first connecting members formed to extend in the radial direction of the tunnel and arranged over the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, connecting the outer plate and the precast slab at intervals from each other in the radial direction of the tunnel; and a plurality of second connecting members formed to extend in the horizontal direction and arranged over the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, connecting the outer plate and the precast slab at intervals from each other in the radial direction of the tunnel. The precast slab with the outer plate attached is installed in an arch shape at the site, and concrete is poured between the precast slab and the outer plate to leave the outer plate in place, thereby constructing a lining plate in which the precast slab and the outer plate are integrated together with the concrete.

As a result, the precast plate with the outer plate attached in advance is delivered to the site, concrete is poured between the precast plate and the outer plate, and the outer plate is left in place, thereby constructing a lining plate in which the precast plate and the outer plate are integrated together with the concrete, so that a highly rigid lining plate is constructed without the need to install and remove formwork on site. In addition, the outer plate and the precast plate are connected to each other at intervals in the tunnel radial direction by a plurality of first connecting members extending in the tunnel radial direction, so that the outer plate is held between the precast plate and the tunnel circumferentially at a uniform interval. Furthermore, the outer plate and the precast plate are connected to each other at intervals in the tunnel radial direction by a plurality of second connecting members extending in the horizontal direction, so that the pressure of the concrete is applied evenly to the precast plate and the outer plate by the second connecting members when pouring concrete.

According to the present invention, a highly rigid lining plate can be efficiently constructed without the need for installation and removal of formwork at the site, so that the construction period can be shortened, which is extremely advantageous for the construction of a lining plate constructed at, for example, a tunnel entrance. That is, since the precast plate and the outer plate can be transported to the site before concrete is poured, the weight of the precast plate and the outer plate transported to the site can be reduced, and the installation work can be efficiently performed using an erector or other erection device. In addition, since the precast plate with the outer plate attached in advance is transported to the site, the installation work of the precast plate and the outer plate at the site can be easily performed. Furthermore, since the outer plate can be held at a uniform interval between the precast plate and the tunnel circumferential direction, concrete of a uniform thickness can be easily formed between the outer plate and the precast plate. In addition, since the pressure of the concrete can be evenly applied to the precast plate and the outer plate by the second connecting member during concrete pouring, deformation of the outer plate due to the pressure of poured concrete can be prevented.

A partial cross-sectional front view of a tunnel lining showing one embodiment of the present invention. Perspective view of the lining plate A perspective view of the lining plate showing its condition before concrete is poured Partial front view of the lining plate showing the condition before concrete is poured Partial front view of the lining plate showing the condition before concrete is poured Partially sectional front view showing the construction process of the lining plate Partially sectional front view showing the construction process of the lining plate Partially sectional front view showing the construction process of the lining plate

Figures 1 to 8 show one embodiment of the present invention, and show a tunnel lining method and lining structure used in the construction of a lining plate constructed at the tunnel entrance.

The tunnel 1 shown in the figure is installed at the entrance of a tunnel, for example, in a mountainous area. At the bottom of the tunnel, the foundations of the side walls 2 are placed on the base surface 3, and an arc-shaped lining plate 10 is constructed around each side wall 2.

The lining plate 10 consists of multiple precast plates 11 extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, multiple outer plates 12 arranged on the outer peripheral surface side of the precast plates 11, multiple first and second connecting members 13, 14 that connect the precast plates 11 and the outer plates 12 to each other at intervals in the radial direction of the tunnel, and concrete 15 poured between the precast plates 11 and the outer plates 12.

The precast slab 11 is made of plate-shaped concrete manufactured in a factory or the like, and is formed to have an arc shape along the circumferential direction of the tunnel. The precast slab 11 is divided into multiple parts (for example, into two parts) around the tunnel, and each divided part is formed to have a length around the tunnel that corresponds to the length of the divided part.

The outer plate 12 is made of an arc-shaped metal plate and is formed to have an arc shape that follows the outer peripheral surface of the precast slab 11. Like the precast slab 11, the outer plate 12 is divided into multiple parts in the tunnel circumferential direction, and each divided part is formed to have a length in the tunnel circumferential direction that corresponds to the length of the divided parts. At one end of one outer plate 12 in the tunnel circumferential direction, a joint 12a is provided with the other outer plate 12 adjacent in the tunnel circumferential direction, and the joint 12a is formed in a stepped shape so as to overlap a part of the outer surface of the other outer plate 12.

Each first connecting member 13 is a rod-shaped member that extends in the radial direction of the tunnel when installed, and is arranged between the outer plate 12 and the precast slab 11 at intervals in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. One end of each first connecting member 13 is fixed to the precast slab 11, and the other end is fixed to the outer plate 12.

Each second connecting member 14 is a rod-shaped member that extends horizontally when installed, and is arranged at intervals between the exterior plate 12 and the precast slab 11 in the circumferential direction of the tunnel. One end of each second connecting member 14 is fixed to the precast slab 11, and the other end is fixed to the exterior plate 12.

Here, we will explain the method for constructing the lining plate 10 according to this embodiment.

First, as shown in FIG. 6, the side wall 2 is constructed on the base surface 3 at the bottom of the tunnel, which will be the tunnel entrance. After that, the precast plate 11 to which the outer plate 12 has been attached in advance in a factory or the like is brought to the site, and one precast plate 11 is installed on one of the left and right side wall portions 2 as shown in FIG. 7, and then the other precast plate 11 is installed on the other side wall portion 2 as shown in FIG. 8, so that the precast plate 11 and the outer plate 12 are installed in an arch shape across each side wall portion 2. At that time, the precast plate 11 to which the outer plate 12 has been attached is installed using an erector or other erection device. In addition, the outer plates 12 of the adjacent precast plates 11 are joined to each other by the joints 12a. In this case, the joints 12a of one of the adjacent outer plates 12 are fixed to the other outer plate 12 by, for example, bolting or welding. In this case, reinforcing steel bars extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel may be arranged between the precast plate 11 and the outer plate 12.

Next, the precast slabs 11 and outer plates 12, which are installed in an arch shape across each side wall section 2, are arranged in sequence in the tunnel axial direction as shown in Figure 3, and then concrete 15 is poured between the precast slabs 11 and the outer plates 12, leaving the outer plates 12 in place, thereby constructing the lining plate 10 in which the outer plates 12 and precast slabs 11 are integrated with the concrete 15 as shown in Figures 1 and 2.

At this time, the precast slab 11 and the outer plate 12 are connected to each other by the second connecting member 14 extending in the radial direction of the tunnel, so that the outer plate 12 is held at a uniform distance in the circumferential direction of the tunnel between the precast slab 11 and the first connecting member 13. The concrete 15 is poured by pouring it from an inlet (not shown) at the top of the tunnel, and because the precast slab 11 and the outer plate 12 are connected to each other by the second connecting member 14 extending horizontally, the pressure of the concrete is applied evenly to the precast slab 11 and the outer plate 12 by the second connecting member 14.

Thus, according to this embodiment, the outer plate 12, which curves along the precast plate 11, is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the precast plate 11 in advance at a predetermined distance from the outer peripheral surface of the precast plate 11, and the precast plate 11 with the outer plate 12 attached is installed in an arch shape on site. After that, concrete 15 is poured between the outer plate 12 and the precast plate 11, and the outer plate 12 is left on the outer peripheral surface of the lining plate 10, thereby constructing a lining plate 10 in which the outer plate 12 and the precast plate 11 are integrated with the concrete 15. This makes it possible to efficiently construct a highly rigid lining plate 10 without the need to install and remove formwork on site.

In this case, the precast slab 11 and the outer panel 12 can be transported to the site before the concrete 15 is poured, which reduces the weight of the precast slab 11 and the outer panel 12 transported to the site. In addition, their installation can be carried out efficiently using erector or other erection equipment, just like the general tunnel section, shortening the construction period.

Furthermore, since the precast plate 11 with the exterior panel 12 already attached is transported to the site, the installation work of the precast plate 11 and the exterior panel 12 can be easily performed on site, further shortening the construction period.

In addition, the outer panel 12 and the precast slab 11 are connected to each other at intervals in the tunnel radial direction by a plurality of first connecting members 13 extending in the tunnel radial direction, so that the outer panel 12 can be held between the precast slab 11 at a uniform interval in the tunnel circumferential direction, and concrete 15 of a uniform thickness can be easily formed between the outer panel 12 and the precast slab 11.

Furthermore, the outer panel 12 and the precast slab 11 are connected to each other at intervals in the radial direction of the tunnel by multiple second connecting members 14 extending horizontally. Therefore, when concrete is poured, the pressure of the concrete can be applied evenly to the precast slab 11 and the outer panel 12 by the second connecting members 14, and deformation of the outer panel 12 due to the pressure of the poured concrete can be prevented.

In the above embodiment, the present invention is shown to be used at the entrance of a mountain tunnel, but it can also be applied to the lining of other tunnels, for example, using the cut-and-cover method.

Furthermore, the above embodiment is an example of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to what is described in the above embodiment.

1...tunnel, 10...lining plate, 11...precast plate, 12...exterior plate, 13...first connecting member, 14...second connecting member, 15...concrete.

Claims (2)

A tunnel lining method in which a plurality of precast slabs curved along the tunnel circumferential direction are arranged in the circumferential and axial directions of a tunnel to construct an arch-shaped lining slab,
An outer plate curved along the outer peripheral surface of the precast slab is attached in advance to the outer peripheral surface of the precast slab at a predetermined distance from the outer peripheral surface of the precast slab by a plurality of first connecting members formed to extend in the radial direction of the tunnel and arranged over the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and a plurality of second connecting members formed to extend in the horizontal direction and arranged over the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel ,
The precast panels with the outer panels were installed on-site in an arch shape,
Concrete is poured between the precast slab and the exterior plate,
By leaving the outer plate on the outer periphery of the lining plate,
A tunnel lining method characterized by constructing a lining plate in which a precast plate, an outer plate, and concrete are integrated together. In a tunnel lining structure having an arch-shaped lining plate constructed by arranging a plurality of precast slabs curved along the circumferential direction of a tunnel in the circumferential and axial directions of the tunnel,
An outer plate formed to be curved along the outer peripheral surface of the precast plate and attached to the outer peripheral surface of the precast plate at a predetermined interval from the outer peripheral surface of the precast plate ;
a plurality of first connecting members that are formed to extend in a radial direction of the tunnel and are arranged over the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, connecting the outer plate and the precast slab to each other at intervals in the radial direction of the tunnel;
a plurality of second connecting members that are formed to extend in a horizontal direction and are arranged over the entire circumferential direction of the tunnel at intervals from each other in the circumferential direction of the tunnel, and connect the outer plate and the precast slab to each other at intervals in the radial direction of the tunnel;
A tunnel lining structure characterized in that a precast slab with an outer panel attached is installed in an arch shape on-site, and concrete is poured between the precast slab and the outer panel, leaving the outer panel in place, thereby constructing a lining slab in which the precast slab and the outer panel are integrated together with the concrete.

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