JP7638751B2 - マイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法、マイクロ繊維セルロース複合樹脂の製造方法、及びマイクロ繊維セルロース - Google Patents
マイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法、マイクロ繊維セルロース複合樹脂の製造方法、及びマイクロ繊維セルロース Download PDFInfo
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- JP7638751B2 JP7638751B2 JP2021054991A JP2021054991A JP7638751B2 JP 7638751 B2 JP7638751 B2 JP 7638751B2 JP 2021054991 A JP2021054991 A JP 2021054991A JP 2021054991 A JP2021054991 A JP 2021054991A JP 7638751 B2 JP7638751 B2 JP 7638751B2
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- cellulose
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- microfiber
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical group NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
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Description
セルロース原料を変性してカルバメート化セルロースを得る変性工程と、
前記カルバメート化セルロースを解繊してマイクロ繊維セルロースを得る解繊工程を有し、
前記変性工程は、セルロース原料に、尿素又はその誘導体と双性イオン化合物を添加して、100~300℃に加熱して行うものである、
ことを特徴とするマイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法。
前記セルロース原料がシート状のパルプである、
第1の態様のマイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法。
前記双性イオン化合物がベタインである、
第1又は第2の態様のマイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法。
前記双性イオン化合物がトリメチルグリシン又はその誘導体である、
第1~第3の態様のいずれかの態様のマイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法。
尿素又はその誘導体と双性イオン化合物を1:99~99:1の質量比で添加する、
第1~第4の態様のいずれかの態様のマイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法。
前記マイクロ繊維セルロースの平均繊維幅が0.1~20.0μmである、
第1~第5の態様のいずれかの態様のマイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法。
前記変性工程は、1秒以上かつ2時間以下加熱して行う、
第1~第6の態様のいずれかの態様のマイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法。
第1~第7の態様のいずれかの態様の製造方法によって得られたマイクロ繊維セルロースと樹脂を混練してセルロース複合樹脂を得る混練工程を有する、
ことを特徴とするセルロース複合樹脂の製造方法。
セルロース原料を変性してカルバメート化セルロースを得る変性工程と、
前記カルバメート化セルロースを解繊する解繊工程を有し、
前記変性工程は、セルロース原料に、尿素又はその誘導体と双性イオン化合物を添加して、100~300℃に加熱して行うものであり、
前記解繊工程によって得られ、結晶化度が50~95%である、
ことを特徴とするマイクロ繊維セルロース。
変性工程は、セルロース原料を変性させて、セルロース原料のヒドロキシ基がカルバメート基に置換されたカルバメート化セルロースを得る工程である。変性工程に用いるセルロース原料の形態としては、シート状のパルプ、スラリー化されたパルプ、粉砕されたパルプ、繊維状のパルプ等を例示できる。特にシート状のパルプであれば、セルロース原料全体に熱が伝わりやすいので、カルバメート化の反応効率がよく、加熱時間の短縮化が図られ好ましい。
NH2-CO-NH2 → H-N=C=O + NH3 …(1)
Cell-OH + H-N=C=O → Cell-O-CO-NH2 …(2)
セルロース原料の解繊は、例えば、ビーター、高圧ホモジナイザー、高圧均質化装置等のホモジナイザー、グラインダー、摩砕機等の石臼式摩擦機、単軸混練機、多軸混練機、ニーダーリファイナー、ジェットミル等を使用してセルロース原料を叩解することによって行うことができる。特に、リファイナーやジェットミルを使用して行うと繊維の損傷が抑制でき、繊維が均質なものになるので好ましい。
製造されたマイクロ繊維セルロースは、水系媒体中に分散させて分散液(スラリー)にしておくと保管、取り扱いが容易にでき好ましい。水系媒体は、全量が水であるのが特に好ましいが、一部が水と相溶性を有する液体である水系媒体を使用することができる。液体としては、炭素数3以下の低級アルコール類等を使用することができる。
マイクロ繊維セルロースは、好ましくは酸変性樹脂と混合する。酸変性樹脂を混合すると、酸基がカルバメート基の一部又は全部とイオン結合する。このイオン結合により、樹脂の補強効果が向上する。
本形態のマイクロ繊維セルロースは、好ましくは分散剤と混合しておくとよい。マイクロ繊維セルロースに分散剤が混在していると、マイクロ繊維セルロースが相互に凝集し難くなる。これは、分散剤がマイクロ繊維セルロース相互の水素結合を阻害する働きがあるからである。分散剤の混在により、マイクロ繊維セルロース及び樹脂の混練に際して、樹脂に対するマイクロ繊維セルロースの分散性が向上する。また、分散剤はマイクロ繊維セルロース及び樹脂の相溶性を向上させる役割も有する。
本形態のマイクロ繊維セルロースは、粉末と混合しておくと好適である。粉末と混合しておくことで、マイクロ繊維セルロースは凝集化が抑制され、樹脂の補強性を発揮できる形態とすることができる。マイクロ繊維セルロースは、樹脂と複合化するまでは、含有水分率を所定の範囲に調節しておくとよく、当該範囲を超えると水系媒体を除去する過程で、マイクロ繊維セルロースが相互に水素結合して凝集化してしまい、樹脂との分散性が悪化して、樹脂を補強する効果を十分に発揮できなくなる可能性がある。
樹脂との混練に供される、マイクロ繊維セルロース及び酸変性樹脂、分散剤、粉末等の混合物は、含有水分率を18%未満とする乾燥体としておくとよい。この乾燥体は、好ましくは粉砕して粉状物にする。粉状物の形態にすると、樹脂と混練して得られるマイクロ繊維セルロース複合樹脂の着色が低減される。一般にセルロース原料と樹脂から複合樹脂を製造すると、複合樹脂が黄色味がかった色彩を呈する。しかしながら、当該粉状物から製造された複合樹脂は、樹脂の本来の色彩に近い色彩を呈する。また、粉状物の形態であれば、容易に乾燥し、樹脂との混練に際してマイクロ繊維セルロースを敢えて乾燥させる必要がなく、混練の熱効率が良い。混合物に粉末や、分散剤が混合されている場合は、当該混合物を乾燥したとしても、マイクロ繊維セルロース(マイクロ繊維セルロース)が再分散しなくなるおそれが低い。
含有水分率(%)=[(乾燥前質量-乾燥後質量)÷乾燥前質量]×100
以上のようにして得たマイクロ繊維セルロース含有物(樹脂の補強材)は、樹脂と混練し、マイクロ繊維セルロース複合樹脂を得る。この混練は、例えば、ペレット状の樹脂と補強材とを混ぜ合わす方法によることのほか、樹脂をまず溶融し、この溶融物の中に補強材を添加するという方法によることもできる。なお、酸変性樹脂や分散剤等は、この段階で添加することもできる。
マイクロ繊維セルロース含有物及び樹脂の混練物は、必要により再度混練する等した後、所望の形状に成形することができる。この成形の大きさや厚さ、形状等は、特に限定されず、例えば、シート状、ペレット状、粉末状、繊維状等とすることができる。
◎:カルバメート化率が1.80mmol/g以上である。
〇:カルバメート化率が1.25mmol/gを超え、1.80mmol/g未満である。
×:カルバメート化率が1.25mmol/g以下である。
Claims (7)
- セルロース原料を変性してカルバメート化セルロースを得る変性工程と、
前記カルバメート化セルロースを解繊してマイクロ繊維セルロースを得る解繊工程を有し、
前記変性工程は、セルロース原料に、尿素又はその誘導体とベタインを添加して、100~300℃に加熱して行うものであり、
前記マイクロ繊維セルロースにおけるカルバメート基の変性率が0.5~3.0mmol/gである、
ことを特徴とするマイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法。 - 前記セルロース原料がシート状のパルプである、
請求項1に記載のマイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法。 - 尿素又はその誘導体とベタインを1:99~99:1の質量比で添加する、
請求項1又は請求項2のいずれか1項に記載のマイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法。 - 前記マイクロ繊維セルロースの平均繊維幅が0.1~15μmである、
請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のマイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法。 - 前記変性工程は、1秒以上かつ2時間以下加熱して行う、
請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のマイクロ繊維セルロースの製造方法。 - 請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載の製造方法によって得られたマイクロ繊維セルロースと樹脂を混練してセルロース複合樹脂を得る混練工程を有する、
ことを特徴とするセルロース複合樹脂の製造方法。 - セルロース原料を変性してカルバメート化セルロースを得る変性工程と、
前記カルバメート化セルロースを解繊する解繊工程を有し、
前記変性工程は、セルロース原料に、尿素又はその誘導体とベタインを添加して、100~300℃に加熱して行うものであり、
前記解繊工程によって得られ、結晶化度が50~95%であり、カルバメート基の変性率が0.5~3.0mmol/gである、
ことを特徴とするマイクロ繊維セルロース。
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| JP2021025049A (ja) | 2019-07-31 | 2021-02-22 | 丸住製紙株式会社 | スルホン化パルプ繊維、誘導体パルプ、スルホン化微細セルロース繊維、スルホン化微細セルロース繊維の製造方法およびスルホン化パルプ繊維の製造方法 |
| JP2021031662A (ja) | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-01 | 大王製紙株式会社 | 繊維状セルロース複合樹脂及びその製造方法 |
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| WO2012145522A2 (en) | 2011-04-19 | 2012-10-26 | Georgia Tech Research Corporation | Deep eutectic solvent systems and methods |
| JP2019070084A (ja) | 2017-10-10 | 2019-05-09 | 第一工業製薬株式会社 | 化学修飾セルロース繊維の製造方法 |
| JP2021025049A (ja) | 2019-07-31 | 2021-02-22 | 丸住製紙株式会社 | スルホン化パルプ繊維、誘導体パルプ、スルホン化微細セルロース繊維、スルホン化微細セルロース繊維の製造方法およびスルホン化パルプ繊維の製造方法 |
| JP2021031662A (ja) | 2019-08-29 | 2021-03-01 | 大王製紙株式会社 | 繊維状セルロース複合樹脂及びその製造方法 |
| JP2021042319A (ja) | 2019-09-12 | 2021-03-18 | 王子ホールディングス株式会社 | 硫酸エステル化繊維状セルロース、組成物、シート及び硫酸エステル化繊維状セルロースの製造方法 |
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