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JP7640243B2 - Method for designing and manufacturing acoustic control panel - Google Patents
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JP7640243B2 - Method for designing and manufacturing acoustic control panel - Google Patents

Method for designing and manufacturing acoustic control panel Download PDF

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JP7640243B2
JP7640243B2 JP2020169460A JP2020169460A JP7640243B2 JP 7640243 B2 JP7640243 B2 JP 7640243B2 JP 2020169460 A JP2020169460 A JP 2020169460A JP 2020169460 A JP2020169460 A JP 2020169460A JP 7640243 B2 JP7640243 B2 JP 7640243B2
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control panel
acoustic control
perforated
flat plate
plate material
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亜美 青木
瑞紀 井上
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Nikken Sekkei Ltd
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Description

本発明は、コンサートホール、映画館、劇場、音楽レッスン室、放送スタジオ、視聴覚室等の施設において、室内の音響環境を向上又は改善するために、室内の天井面、壁面等に設置される音響調整パネルの設計方法及び製造方法に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a method for designing and manufacturing an acoustic control panel that is installed on the ceiling, walls, etc. of a room in a facility such as a concert hall, a movie theater, a theater, a music lesson room, a broadcasting studio, or an audiovisual room in order to improve or enhance the acoustic environment in the room.

従来、コンサートホール、映画館、劇場、音楽レッスン室、放送スタジオ、視聴覚室等の施設、特に、室内の音響環境が重要となる施設においては、室内で発生する音源の音量レベル、周波数特性等を考慮して、天井面、壁面等の吸音、反射、拡散特性を適切に調整すると共に、残響音、フラッターエコー、ブーミング等の音響障害を適切に防止して、室内の音響環境を向上又は改善するようにしている。 Conventionally, in facilities such as concert halls, movie theaters, theaters, music lesson rooms, broadcasting studios, audiovisual rooms, and particularly in facilities where the acoustic environment within the room is important, the sound absorption, reflection, and diffusion characteristics of the ceiling and wall surfaces have been appropriately adjusted taking into account the volume level and frequency characteristics of the sound source generated within the room, while also appropriately preventing acoustic disturbances such as reverberation, flutter echo, and booming, in order to improve or enhance the acoustic environment within the room.

例えば、高周波数帯域の音を吸収する高域吸音パネル4、中周波数帯域の音を吸収する中域吸音パネル5、音を種々角度に反射、拡散する音拡散パネル6,7を、室内1の壁面3に適宜選択して縦横に配置することによって、室内1を適切な音響環境に調整する方法が提案されている(特許文献1参照)。 For example, a method has been proposed for adjusting the acoustic environment of a room 1 to an appropriate level by appropriately selecting and arranging high-frequency sound-absorbing panels 4 that absorb high-frequency sound, mid-frequency sound-absorbing panels 5 that absorb mid-frequency sound, and sound diffusion panels 6 and 7 that reflect and diffuse sound at various angles vertically and horizontally on the walls 3 of the room 1 (see Patent Document 1).

又、対向する有孔ボード材1,1によって画成された空間に不織布部材2を充填して、所定周波数帯域の音を吸収又は反射するように調整した音響調整パネル材を構成し、室内の壁面Wにこの音響調整パネル材を適宜配置することによって、室内を適切な音響環境に調整する方法も提案されている(特許文献2参照)。 A method has also been proposed in which a nonwoven fabric member 2 is filled into the space defined by opposing perforated board members 1, 1 to form an acoustic adjustment panel material that is adjusted to absorb or reflect sounds in a specific frequency band, and the acoustic adjustment panel material is then appropriately positioned on the wall surface W of the room to adjust the room to an appropriate acoustic environment (see Patent Document 2).

特開平06-158750号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 06-158750 実用新案登録第3135263号公報Utility Model Registration No. 3135263

上記特許文献1の方法では、高域吸音パネル4、中域吸音パネル5、音拡散パネル6,7は、表面に不織布4c、板状体5bを張設して構成したものであって、その内部構造及び不織布4c、板状体5bの材料等を適宜選択することによって、吸音、反射及び拡散性能を変化させることができるものの、そのためには、多数種類のパネルを作製しなければならず、又、それら性能を微妙に変化させるのは困難であった。 In the method of Patent Document 1, the high-frequency sound-absorbing panel 4, mid-frequency sound-absorbing panel 5, and sound-diffusing panels 6 and 7 are constructed by stretching nonwoven fabric 4c and plate-like body 5b on the surface, and the sound absorption, reflection, and diffusion performance can be changed by appropriately selecting the internal structure and the materials of the nonwoven fabric 4c and plate-like body 5b, but to do so, many different types of panels must be produced, and it is difficult to subtly change these performances.

一方、上記特許文献2の方法では、充填する不織布部材2の材料、有孔ボード材1の材料及び孔部11の口径及びピッチ等を適宜選択することによって、音響調整パネル材の吸音、反射、拡散性能を変化させることができるものの、そのためには、特許文献1の方法と同様に、多数種類の音響調整パネル材を作製しなければならず、又、それら性能を微妙に変化させるのは困難であった。 On the other hand, in the method of Patent Document 2, the sound absorption, reflection, and diffusion performance of the acoustic control panel material can be changed by appropriately selecting the material of the nonwoven fabric member 2 to be filled, the material of the perforated board material 1, and the diameter and pitch of the holes 11, etc. However, to do so, as with the method of Patent Document 1, many different types of acoustic control panel materials must be produced, and it is difficult to make subtle changes to these performances.

本発明は、このような従来の問題点に鑑みて為されたものであって、多数種類の音響調整パネルを作製しなくても、吸音、反射及び拡散性能を適切に、又、微妙に変化させることができる音響調整パネルの設計方法及び製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention was made in consideration of these conventional problems, and aims to provide a method for designing and manufacturing an acoustic control panel that can appropriately and subtly change the sound absorption, reflection, and diffusion performance without having to produce a large number of different types of acoustic control panels.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の音響調整パネルの設計方法は、平板材に孔部を穿設して構成される音響調整パネルの設計方法において、前記平板材に、所定パターンで、帯状に有孔配列を有する有孔領域を形成すると共に、帯状に無孔領域を形成することを特徴とする。 In order to achieve the above object, the design method of the acoustic control panel of the present invention is a design method of an acoustic control panel constructed by drilling holes in a flat plate material, characterized in that a perforated area having a band-like arrangement of holes in a predetermined pattern is formed in the flat plate material, and a band-like non-perforated area is formed.

又、前記有孔領域において、口径の異なる孔部から成る複数種類の有孔領域を形成することを特徴とする。 Furthermore, the method is characterized in that multiple types of perforated areas are formed in the perforated area, each of which is made up of holes with different diameters.

さらに、前記各有孔領域において、有孔配列の配列数を適宜単数又は複数に設定すると共に、前記平板材の上下端部及び各有孔領域間において、所定幅の無孔領域を形成することを特徴とする。 Furthermore, in each of the perforated regions, the number of perforated arrangements is appropriately set to one or more, and non-perforated regions of a predetermined width are formed at the upper and lower ends of the flat plate material and between each of the perforated regions.

穿孔装置による製造効率を考慮すると、前記各有孔領域において、対応する孔部の長さ方向ピッチを同一ピッチに形成するのが好ましい。 When considering the manufacturing efficiency of the drilling device, it is preferable to form the corresponding holes in each perforated region at the same longitudinal pitch.

又、本発明の音響調整パネルの製造方法は、平板材に孔部を穿設して構成される音響調整パネルの製造方法において、穿孔装置に直交方向に同一間隔で装着された適宜位置のドリルを離脱させると共に、適宜位置のドリルの直径を異なるものに変更して、前記平板材を水平方向かつ長さ方向に搬送させつつ、ドリルを間欠的に上下動させて、前記平板材に適宜パターンで有孔領域及び無孔領域を形成することを特徴とする。 The manufacturing method of the acoustic control panel of the present invention is characterized in that, in the manufacturing method of the acoustic control panel constructed by drilling holes in a flat plate material, drills at appropriate positions attached at equal intervals in the perpendicular direction to the drilling device are removed, and the diameter of the drills at appropriate positions is changed to different ones, and while transporting the flat plate material in the horizontal and longitudinal directions, the drills are intermittently moved up and down to form perforated and non-perforated areas in an appropriate pattern in the flat plate material.

又、前記平板材の長さを所定長さ単位の整数倍とし、その長さ単位の整数倍に相当する適宜位置にて、直交方向に切断することによって、所定長さの音響調整パネルを製造するのが好ましい。 It is also preferable to manufacture an acoustic control panel of a predetermined length by making the length of the flat plate material an integer multiple of a predetermined length unit and cutting it in an orthogonal direction at an appropriate position corresponding to the integer multiple of that length unit.

本発明の音響調整パネルの設計方法によれば、音響調整パネルの吸音性能を、平板材の材料、孔部の口径及びピッチ、さらに、有孔領域及び無孔領域のパターン如何によって、種々に変化させることができる。 The acoustic control panel design method of the present invention allows the sound absorption performance of the acoustic control panel to be varied in various ways depending on the material of the flat plate, the diameter and pitch of the holes, and the pattern of the perforated and non-perforated areas.

そして、1枚の音響調整パネルにおいて、有孔領域及び無孔領域の夫々で異なる性能を有し、音の周波数に対する吸音率も、広い周波数帯域において高い値を有する特性を示す音響調整パネルを作製することができる。 And it is possible to produce an acoustic control panel in which the perforated and non-perforated areas have different performance characteristics and the sound absorption coefficient for sound frequencies is high over a wide frequency range.

又、本発明の音響調整パネルの製造方法によれば、音響調整パネルを、特別な製作工程を必要とせず、従来と同様に製作することができ、製造コストが高額になるということはない。さらに、材料の無駄をなくすことができる。 In addition, according to the manufacturing method of the acoustic control panel of the present invention, the acoustic control panel can be manufactured in the same manner as conventional methods without requiring any special manufacturing process, and manufacturing costs are not high. Furthermore, material waste can be eliminated.

本発明の音響調整パネルの(A)は一実施例の正面図、(B)は他実施例の正面図である。1A is a front view of one embodiment of an acoustic control panel of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a front view of another embodiment. 音響調整パネルの合板から成る平板材の断面構造を示す説明図である。1 is an explanatory diagram showing the cross-sectional structure of a flat plate material made of plywood of an acoustic control panel. FIG. 図1に示す音響調整パネルを壁面に設置した状態を示す断面図である。2 is a cross-sectional view showing the state in which the acoustic control panel shown in FIG. 1 is installed on a wall surface. 音響調整パネルにおける吸音機構を説明する概念図である。1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a sound absorbing mechanism in an acoustic control panel. ヘルムホルツ共鳴器における吸音機構を説明する概念図である。FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a sound absorbing mechanism in a Helmholtz resonator. 音響調整パネルにおける音の周波数に対する吸音率の関係を示すグラフである。1 is a graph showing the relationship between sound absorption coefficient and sound frequency in an acoustic control panel. レッスンルーム内における音の中心周波数と平均吸音率との関係を示すグラフである。1 is a graph showing the relationship between the center frequency of sound and the average sound absorption coefficient in a lesson room. 従来の音響調整パネルにおける音の周波数に対する吸音率の関係を示すグラフである。1 is a graph showing the relationship between sound absorption coefficient and sound frequency in a conventional acoustic control panel. 従来の音響調整パネルによって構成した壁面の正面図である。FIG. 1 is a front view of a wall constructed using conventional acoustic control panels. 本発明の音響調整パネルにおける音の周波数に対する吸音率の関係を示すグラフである。4 is a graph showing the relationship between sound absorption coefficient and sound frequency in the acoustic control panel of the present invention. 本発明の音響調整パネルによって構成した壁面の正面図である。FIG. 2 is a front view of a wall constructed using the acoustic control panel of the present invention. 本発明の設計方法によって作製した音響調整パネルの一実施例の正面図である。1 is a front view of an embodiment of an acoustic control panel manufactured by the design method of the present invention. 図12に示す音響調整パネルの仕様を示す表である。13 is a table showing specifications of the acoustic control panel shown in FIG. 12 . 図12に示す音響調整パネルにおける吸音率の周波数特性を算出した表である。13 is a table showing calculated frequency characteristics of the sound absorption coefficient of the acoustic control panel shown in FIG. 12 . 図12に示す音響調整パネルにおける吸音率の周波数特性の測定結果を示した表である。13 is a table showing measurement results of frequency characteristics of sound absorption coefficient in the acoustic control panel shown in FIG. 12. 図12に示す音響調整パネルにおける吸音率の周波数特性の予測値と測定値とを示したグラフである。13 is a graph showing predicted and measured values of the frequency characteristics of the sound absorption coefficient of the acoustic control panel shown in FIG. 12 . 本発明の製造方法によって作製した音響調整パネルの一実施例の正面図である。1 is a front view of an embodiment of an acoustic control panel manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention. 穿孔装置によって、従来の音響調整パネルに孔部を穿設する方法を示す説明図である。1 is an explanatory diagram showing a method for drilling holes in a conventional acoustic control panel using a drilling device. 穿孔装置によって、本発明の音響調整パネルに孔部を穿設する方法を示す説明図である。4 is an explanatory diagram showing a method of drilling holes in the acoustic control panel of the present invention using a drilling device. FIG. 従来の音響調整パネルの(A)は一実施例の正面図、(B)は他実施例の正面図である。1A is a front view of one embodiment of a conventional acoustic control panel, and FIG. 1B is a front view of another embodiment.

本発明の音響調整パネルの設計方法及び製造方法について、以下、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。 The design and manufacturing methods for the acoustic control panel of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

先ず、本発明の設計方法によって設計される音響調整パネル1は、図1に示すように、適宜寸法の矩形状平板材2に、所定パターンで、帯状に有孔配列を有する有孔領域3を形成すると共に、帯状に無孔領域4を形成したものである。 First, the acoustic control panel 1 designed by the design method of the present invention is, as shown in FIG. 1, a rectangular flat plate material 2 of appropriate dimensions, on which perforated areas 3 having a strip-like arrangement of holes are formed in a predetermined pattern, and also a strip-like non-perforated area 4 is formed.

ここで、平板材2としては、カラマツ、ベイスギ、シナ、タモマサ、ナラマサ、サクラ等の天然木材から成る単板、MDF(中密度繊維板)、又は、図2に示すように、これらを積層した合板を採用することができる。
さらに、合成樹脂又は金属から成る単板、又はこれらを積層した合板を採用することもできる。
The flat board material 2 may be a veneer made of natural wood such as larch, western cedar, linden, tamomasa, naramasa, or cherry, or a plywood made by laminating these as shown in FIG. 2.
Furthermore, a single plate made of synthetic resin or metal, or a plywood made by laminating these may also be used.

本実施例においては、平板材2の寸法として、厚さ9mm、高さ600mm、長さ900mm,1200mm,1500mm,1800mm,2100mm,2400mmのものを採用した。
しかし、必ずしもこれに限定されるものではなく、必要に応じて種々寸法の平板材2を採用することができる。
In this embodiment, the dimensions of the flat plate material 2 are 9 mm in thickness, 600 mm in height, and 900 mm, 1200 mm, 1500 mm, 1800 mm, 2100 mm, and 2400 mm in length.
However, this is not necessarily limited to this, and flat plate materials 2 of various dimensions can be used as necessary.

又、本実施例においては、有孔領域3を形成する、長さ方向に延長する有孔配列において、穿設された孔部5としては、口径6mm,8mm,9mm、長さ方向ピッチ20mmのものを形成した。
しかし、必ずしもこれに限定されるものではなく、必要に応じて種々口径及びピッチの孔部5を形成することができる。
In this embodiment, the holes 5 formed in the longitudinally extending perforated array forming the perforated region 3 had apertures of 6 mm, 8 mm, and 9 mm and a longitudinal pitch of 20 mm.
However, this is not necessarily limited to this, and holes 5 of various diameters and pitches can be formed as necessary.

さらに、防火性能を向上させるために、平板材2の表面に不燃塗料、難燃塗料等を塗布するようにしてもよい。 Furthermore, to improve fire resistance, the surface of the flat plate material 2 may be coated with a non-flammable paint, a flame-retardant paint, etc.

従来の音響調整パネル101は、例えば、図20(A)に示すように、矩形状の平板材102の略全表面領域に、口径9mmという大口径の孔部105Aをピッチ25mmで均一に形成して音響調整パネル101Aを、又は、図20(B)に示すように、口径6mmという小口径の孔部105Bをピッチ25mmで均一に形成して音響調整パネル101Bを構成したものであった。
すなわち、従来の音響調整パネル101は、平板材102の略全表面領域に所定口径及び所定ピッチで孔部105を均一に形成したものであった。
A conventional acoustic control panel 101 is, for example, an acoustic control panel 101A formed by uniformly forming large-diameter holes 105A with an aperture of 9 mm at a pitch of 25 mm over substantially the entire surface area of a rectangular flat plate material 102 as shown in FIG. 20(A), or an acoustic control panel 101B formed by uniformly forming small-diameter holes 105B with an aperture of 6 mm at a pitch of 25 mm as shown in FIG. 20(B).
That is, the conventional acoustic control panel 101 has holes 105 uniformly formed at a predetermined diameter and at a predetermined pitch over substantially the entire surface area of the flat plate material 102 .

一方、本発明の音響調整パネル1は、図1に示すように、矩形状の平板材2の表面に、口径9mm、口径8mm、口径6mmという大、中、小口径の孔部5A,5B,5Cを長さ方向ピッチ20mmで穿設した複数の有孔配列から形成される、帯状に形成した有孔領域3A、3B、3Cと、孔部を形成することなく、帯状に形成した無孔領域4とを区画、形成したものである。 On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, the acoustic control panel 1 of the present invention is formed by dividing and forming a band-shaped perforated area 3A, 3B, 3C formed from a plurality of perforated arrangements on the surface of a rectangular flat plate material 2, in which large, medium and small holes 5A, 5B, 5C with a diameter of 9 mm, a diameter of 8 mm and a diameter of 6 mm are drilled at a longitudinal pitch of 20 mm, and a band-shaped non-perforated area 4 is formed without forming any holes.

すなわち、本発明の音響調整パネル1は、平板材に穿孔して構成される音響調整パネルにおいて、前記平板材2に、所定パターンで、帯状に有孔配列を有する有孔領域3を形成すると共に、帯状に無孔領域4を形成したことを特徴とするものである。 In other words, the acoustic control panel 1 of the present invention is an acoustic control panel constructed by drilling holes in a flat plate material, characterized in that the flat plate material 2 has a perforated area 3 with a band-like arrangement of holes in a predetermined pattern, and a band-like non-perforated area 4 formed therein.

そして、前記有孔領域3は、孔部5の口径が異なる複数種類の有孔配列から構成し、特には、複数種類の前記有孔配列において、各々の有孔配列中における孔部5を長さ方向に同一ピッチで形成したことを特徴とするものである。 The perforated region 3 is composed of multiple types of perforated arrangements with different diameters of the holes 5, and is particularly characterized in that the holes 5 in each of the multiple types of perforated arrangements are formed at the same pitch in the longitudinal direction.

具体的に、本発明の一実施例の音響調整パネル1Aは、平板材2として、図2に示すように、シナ材2A及びスギ材2B,2Cを積層した合板であって、厚さ9mm、高さ600mm、長さ1500mmのものを採用したものである。 Specifically, the acoustic control panel 1A of one embodiment of the present invention uses a flat board 2 made of laminated plywood made of Japanese linden wood 2A and Japanese cedar wood 2B and 2C, as shown in Figure 2, with a thickness of 9 mm, a height of 600 mm, and a length of 1500 mm.

そして、図1(A)に示すように、矩形状の平板材2の表面に、大口径9mmの孔部5Aを長さ方向ピッチ20mmで帯状に形成した有孔領域3A1、3A2、中口径8mmの孔部5Bを長さ方向ピッチ20mmで帯状に形成した有孔領域3B1、3B2、小口径6mmの孔部5Cを長さ方向ピッチ20mmで帯状に形成した有孔領域3C1、3C2、及び、帯状に形成した無孔領域4A,4B,4C,4D,4Eを所定のパターンで形成してある。 As shown in FIG. 1(A), the surface of the rectangular flat plate material 2 is formed with a predetermined pattern of perforated areas 3A1, 3A2 in which large-diameter 9 mm holes 5A are formed in a band shape with a longitudinal pitch of 20 mm, perforated areas 3B1, 3B2 in which medium-diameter 8 mm holes 5B are formed in a band shape with a longitudinal pitch of 20 mm, perforated areas 3C1, 3C2 in which small-diameter 6 mm holes 5C are formed in a band shape with a longitudinal pitch of 20 mm, and non-perforated areas 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E formed in a band shape.

又、本発明の他実施例の音響調整パネル1Bも、図2に示すように、音響調整パネル1Aと同様に、シナ材2A及びスギ材2B,2Cを積層した合板であって、厚さ9mm、高さ600mm、長さ1500mmの平板材2を採用したものである。 As shown in Figure 2, the acoustic control panel 1B of another embodiment of the present invention is also made of plywood made of laminated linden wood 2A and cedar wood 2B, 2C, just like the acoustic control panel 1A, and uses a flat plate material 2 that is 9 mm thick, 600 mm high, and 1500 mm long.

そして、図1(B)に示すように、矩形状の平板材2の表面に、大口径9mmの孔部5Aを長さ方向ピッチ20mmで帯状に形成した有孔領域3A1、3A2、中口径8mmの孔部5Bを長さ方向ピッチ20mmで帯状に形成した有孔領域3B1、3B2、3B3、小口径6mmの孔部5Cを長さ方向ピッチ20mmで帯状に形成した有孔領域3C1、3C2、及び、帯状に形成した無孔領域4A,4B,4C,4D,4Eを所定のパターンで形成してある。 As shown in FIG. 1(B), the surface of the rectangular flat plate material 2 is formed with a predetermined pattern of perforated areas 3A1, 3A2 in which large-diameter 9 mm holes 5A are formed in a band shape with a longitudinal pitch of 20 mm, perforated areas 3B1, 3B2, 3B3 in which medium-diameter 8 mm holes 5B are formed in a band shape with a longitudinal pitch of 20 mm, perforated areas 3C1, 3C2 in which small-diameter 6 mm holes 5C are formed in a band shape with a longitudinal pitch of 20 mm, and non-perforated areas 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E formed in a band shape.

次に、本発明の音響調整パネルの設計方法について、以下、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。 Next, the design method for the acoustic control panel of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

平板材102の表面に所定口径の孔部105を所定ピッチで形成した音響調整パネル101は、共鳴器型吸音材料として把握され、図4に示すように、開口部の直径d、細首部の長さl、空洞部の深さL、体積Vのヘルムホルツ共鳴器(壺)106が配列されたものと例えることができる。 An acoustic control panel 101, in which holes 105 of a specified diameter are formed at a specified pitch on the surface of a flat plate material 102, can be understood as a resonator-type sound-absorbing material, and can be likened to an array of Helmholtz resonators (pots) 106, with an opening diameter d, a narrow neck length l, a cavity depth L, and a volume V, as shown in Figure 4.

そして、このヘルムホルツ共鳴器(壺)106では、図5に示すように、開口部に音のエネルギーが付加されると、細首部に存在する空気が一つの塊として上下方向に移動することによって、空洞部に存在する空気がバネのように上下方向に振動し、摩擦損失によって吸音効果を発揮すると考えることができる。 As shown in Figure 5, when sound energy is applied to the opening of this Helmholtz resonator (pot) 106, the air in the narrow neck moves vertically as a single mass, causing the air in the hollow part to vibrate vertically like a spring, and the sound absorption effect is achieved through friction loss.

このヘルムホルツ共鳴器(壺)106における共振周波数foは、開口部の直径d、細首部の長さl、空洞部の深さL、体積Vを用いると、下記の数式1のように表わすことができる。 The resonant frequency fo of this Helmholtz resonator (pot) 106 can be expressed as the following formula 1 using the diameter d of the opening, the length l of the narrow neck, the depth L of the cavity, and the volume V.

Figure 0007640243000001
ここで、cは音速、δは管端補正値である。
Figure 0007640243000001
Here, c is the sound speed and δ is the tube end correction value.

そして、このヘルムホルツ共鳴器(壺)106において、音の周波数に対応する吸音率は、図6に示すように、共振周波数foにおいて極大値を示すような曲線を呈するものとなる。 In this Helmholtz resonator (pot) 106, the sound absorption coefficient corresponding to the sound frequency exhibits a curve that shows a maximum value at the resonance frequency fo, as shown in Figure 6.

ところで、音楽レッスン室等の音楽演奏をするための空間においては、図7に示すように、壁面、天井面等の平均吸音率がなるべく平坦な周波数特性となるよう、音響調整パネルの材料を選定し、使用範囲を決定しなければならない。 In a space used for musical performance, such as a music lesson room, the material of the acoustic control panel must be selected and the range of use must be determined so that the average sound absorption coefficient of the wall and ceiling surfaces has as flat a frequency characteristic as possible, as shown in Figure 7.

ここで、従来の音響調整パネル101にあっては、図8に示すように、矩形状の平板材102の略全表面領域に所定口径及び所定ピッチで孔部105を均一に形成していることから、各々の音響調整パネル101C,101D,101Eによっては、ある特定の狭い周波数領域の音のみが吸音されることになる。 In the conventional acoustic control panel 101, as shown in FIG. 8, holes 105 are uniformly formed with a predetermined diameter and a predetermined pitch over almost the entire surface area of the rectangular flat plate material 102, so that each of the acoustic control panels 101C, 101D, and 101E absorbs only sounds in a specific narrow frequency range.

よって、周波数特性を調整するためには、図9に示すように、口径及びピッチの異なる孔部105C,105D,105Eを形成した複数種類の音響調整パネル101C,101D,101Eを採用し、それらを適宜位置に組み合せて、壁面、天井面等を構成しなければならない。 Therefore, in order to adjust the frequency characteristics, as shown in FIG. 9, multiple types of acoustic control panels 101C, 101D, and 101E, each having holes 105C, 105D, and 105E with different diameters and pitches, must be used and combined in appropriate positions to form a wall surface, ceiling surface, etc.

一方、本発明の音響調整パネル1にあっては、図10に示すように、矩形状の平板材2の表面に大、中、小口径の孔部5A,5B,5Cを所定ピッチで帯状に形成した複数の有孔領域3A,3B,3Cを形成していることから、1種類の音響調整パネル1によって、広い周波数領域の音を吸音することができる。 On the other hand, in the acoustic control panel 1 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, a plurality of perforated areas 3A, 3B, 3C are formed on the surface of a rectangular flat plate material 2, with large, medium, and small diameter holes 5A, 5B, 5C formed in a strip shape at a predetermined pitch, so that a single type of acoustic control panel 1 can absorb sounds in a wide frequency range.

さらに、周波数特性をより良好に調整するためには、図11に示すように、2種類程度の音響調整パネル1C,1Dを採用し、それらを適宜位置に組み合せ、上下逆に配置する等して、壁面、天井面等を構成することもでき、これによれば、極めて良好な周波数特性を有する室内空間を形成することができる。 Furthermore, in order to better adjust the frequency characteristics, as shown in FIG. 11, two types of acoustic control panels 1C and 1D can be used, combined in appropriate positions, and arranged upside down to form wall surfaces, ceiling surfaces, etc., thereby forming an indoor space with extremely good frequency characteristics.

すなわち、本発明の音響調整パネルの設計方法は、図1に示すように、適宜寸法の矩形状平板材2に、所定パターンで、帯状に有孔配列を有する有孔領域3を形成すると共に、帯状に無孔領域4を形成するというものである。 In other words, the design method for the acoustic control panel of the present invention involves forming a perforated area 3 with a band-like arrangement of holes in a predetermined pattern on a rectangular flat plate material 2 of appropriate dimensions, as shown in Figure 1, and forming a band-like non-perforated area 4.

そして、有孔領域3を形成する、長さ方向に延長する有孔配列において、穿設された孔部5としては、複数種類の口径の孔部5A,5B,5Cを形成する。
よって、1種類の音響調整パネル1において、口径の異なる孔部5A,5B,5Cから成る複数種類の有孔領域3A,3B,3Cを形成するというものである。
In the longitudinally extending perforated array that forms the perforated region 3, the perforations 5 are formed as perforations 5A, 5B, 5C having a plurality of different diameters.
Therefore, in one type of acoustic control panel 1, a plurality of types of perforated regions 3A, 3B, 3C consisting of holes 5A, 5B, 5C having different diameters are formed.

さらに、各有孔領域3A,3B,3Cにおいて、有孔配列の配列数を適宜単数又は複数に設定すると共に、矩形状平板材2の上下端部及び各有孔領域3A,3B,3C間において、所定幅の無孔領域4A,4B,・・・を形成するというものである。 Furthermore, in each of the perforated regions 3A, 3B, 3C, the number of perforated arrangements is appropriately set to one or more, and non-perforated regions 4A, 4B, ... of a predetermined width are formed at the upper and lower ends of the rectangular flat plate material 2 and between each of the perforated regions 3A, 3B, 3C.

さらに、周波数特性上、製造上及び意匠上からすると、各有孔領域3A,3B,3Cにおいて、対応する孔部5A,5B,5Cの長さ方向ピッチが同一ピッチに形成されるように設計するのが好ましい。 Furthermore, from the viewpoints of frequency characteristics, manufacturing, and design, it is preferable to design each of the perforated regions 3A, 3B, and 3C so that the longitudinal pitch of the corresponding holes 5A, 5B, and 5C is the same.

本発明の音響調整パネル1は、図3に示すように、音楽レッスン室等の壁面11に支持部材12を介して設置され、壁面11と音響調整パネル1との間に空間13を画成しておくと共に、音響調整パネル1の裏面に吸音部材14を配置して、使用される。 As shown in FIG. 3, the acoustic control panel 1 of the present invention is installed on a wall surface 11 of a music lesson room or the like via a support member 12, and a space 13 is defined between the wall surface 11 and the acoustic control panel 1, and a sound-absorbing member 14 is placed on the back surface of the acoustic control panel 1 for use.

よって、音響調整パネル1の表面において所定周波数帯域の音は反射及び拡散されると共に、所定周波数帯域の音は孔部5を通過して、空間13及び吸音部材14によって吸収されることになる。 As a result, sound in a specific frequency band is reflected and diffused on the surface of the acoustic control panel 1, and sound in a specific frequency band passes through the hole 5 and is absorbed by the space 13 and the sound-absorbing material 14.

本発明の音響調整パネル1は、図1(A)及び(B)に示すように、矩形状の平板材2の表面に、大、中、小口径の孔部5A,5B,5Cを長さ方向に所定ピッチで帯状に形成した複数の有孔領域3A、3B、3Cと、帯状に形成した複数の無孔領域4を、所定パターンで形成したものであるから、その吸音及び反射性能等は、平板材2の材料、孔部5の口径及びピッチ、さらに、有孔領域3及び無孔領域4のパターン如何によって、種々に変化させることができる。 As shown in Figures 1(A) and (B), the acoustic control panel 1 of the present invention is formed on the surface of a rectangular flat plate material 2 in a predetermined pattern with multiple perforated areas 3A, 3B, 3C, in which large, medium, and small diameter holes 5A, 5B, 5C are formed in strips at a predetermined pitch along the length, and multiple non-perforated areas 4 also formed in strips. Therefore, the sound absorption and reflection performance can be varied in various ways depending on the material of the flat plate material 2, the diameter and pitch of the holes 5, and the pattern of the perforated areas 3 and non-perforated areas 4.

そして、1枚の音響調整パネル1において、有孔領域3A、3B、3C及び無孔領域4A,4B,・・・の夫々で異なる性能を有し、図10に示すように、音の周波数に対する吸音率も、広い周波数帯域においてバランスのとれた特性を示すものとなる。 In one acoustic control panel 1, the perforated areas 3A, 3B, 3C and the non-perforated areas 4A, 4B, ... each have different performance, and as shown in Figure 10, the sound absorption coefficient for sound frequency also shows balanced characteristics over a wide frequency range.

又、パターンの異なる各音響調整パネル1A,1Bによっても、音の周波数に対する吸音率の関係は全く異なるものとなるから、これらの特性を考慮し、複数の音響調整パネル1を適宜配置することによって、図7に示すように、音楽レッスンルーム等の室内の音響環境を従来にないほど最適化することができる。 In addition, the relationship of the sound absorption coefficient to the sound frequency is completely different depending on the acoustic control panels 1A and 1B, which have different patterns. Therefore, by taking these characteristics into consideration and appropriately arranging multiple acoustic control panels 1, as shown in Figure 7, it is possible to optimize the acoustic environment in a room such as a music lesson room to an unprecedented degree.

本発明の音響調整パネルの設計方法を採用して、実際に、図12に示すような形態及び図13に示すような仕様の音響調整パネル11を設計し、作製した。 By adopting the design method for the acoustic control panel of the present invention, an acoustic control panel 11 was actually designed and manufactured with the configuration shown in FIG. 12 and the specifications shown in FIG. 13.

この音響調整パネル11において、各有孔領域3A、3B、3C,3D及び無孔領域4の吸音率を算出したところ、音響調整パネル11の予測吸音率は、図14に示すようなものであった。 When the sound absorption coefficient of each of the perforated regions 3A, 3B, 3C, and 3D and the non-perforated region 4 of this acoustic control panel 11 was calculated, the predicted sound absorption coefficient of the acoustic control panel 11 was as shown in FIG. 14.

ここで、1枚の平板の中に、その長さ方向を長辺とする、従来の有孔板、無孔板の帯が複数配置されていると仮定し、吸音率を算出した。
又、有孔領域3A、3B、3Cについては、無孔板の帯と隣接するため、背後空気層の体積が2倍になるとして、吸音率を算出した。
Here, it was assumed that a single flat plate had multiple bands of conventional perforated and non-perforated plates arranged in its longitudinal direction, and the sound absorption coefficient was calculated.
In addition, for the perforated regions 3A, 3B, and 3C, the sound absorption coefficient was calculated assuming that the volume of the back air space is doubled since they are adjacent to the band of non-perforated plate.

尚、平板全体の開口率が小さくなる場合には、有孔板としての性能に加えて、無孔板の有する板振動による吸音性能も発揮されると考え、その効果についても加味して、吸音率の算出を行うこととする。 When the opening ratio of the entire plate becomes small, it is believed that in addition to the performance of a perforated plate, the sound absorption performance due to the plate vibration of a non-perforated plate will also be exhibited, and this effect will also be taken into account when calculating the sound absorption rate.

そして、音響調整パネル11の予測吸音率は、各有孔領域及び無孔領域の吸音率に基づいて、下記の数式2によって算出することができる。 The predicted sound absorption coefficient of the acoustic control panel 11 can be calculated based on the sound absorption coefficients of each perforated and non-perforated area using the following formula 2.

Figure 0007640243000002
Figure 0007640243000002

又、この音響調整パネル11について、実験室でISO354に準拠して吸音率を測定したところ、図15に示すようなものであった。 The sound absorption coefficient of this acoustic control panel 11 was measured in a laboratory in accordance with ISO 354, and the results are shown in Figure 15.

図14に示した音響調整パネル11の吸音率の予測値と、図15に示した吸音率の測定値とをグラフに表したところ、図16に示すようなものとなり、予測値と測定値の整合性が高いことが解った。 When the predicted sound absorption coefficient of the acoustic control panel 11 shown in Figure 14 and the measured sound absorption coefficient shown in Figure 15 were plotted on a graph, the result was as shown in Figure 16, which showed that the predicted and measured values were highly consistent.

次に、本発明の音響調整パネルの製造方法について、以下、図面を参照して詳細に説明する。 Next, the manufacturing method of the acoustic control panel of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

従来の音響調整パネル101を作製するときは、例えば、図18に示すように、平板材102を水平方向かつ長さ方向に搬送させつつ、穿孔装置21に直交方向に同一間隔で装着されたドリル22,22,・・・を間欠的に上下動させて、平板材102の略全面領域に均一に孔部を形成している。 When manufacturing a conventional acoustic control panel 101, for example, as shown in FIG. 18, while conveying a flat plate material 102 in the horizontal and longitudinal directions, drills 22, 22, ... attached at equal intervals in the perpendicular direction to a drilling device 21 are intermittently moved up and down to form holes uniformly over almost the entire surface area of the flat plate material 102.

一方、本発明の音響調整パネル1を作製するときは、図19に示すように、穿孔装置21に直交方向に同一間隔で装着されたドリル22,22,・・・の適宜位置のドリル22を離脱させると共に、適宜位置のドリル22の直径を異なるものに変更すればよい。 On the other hand, when manufacturing the acoustic control panel 1 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 19, the drills 22, 22, ... attached at equal intervals in the perpendicular direction to the drilling device 21 are removed from the appropriate positions of the drills 22, and the diameter of the drills 22 at the appropriate positions is changed to a different one.

このようにすれば、従来におけると同様の作製方法で、ドリル22,22,・・・を間欠的に上下動させて、図17に示すような平板材2に適宜パターンで有孔領域3及び無孔領域4を形成した音響調整パネル1を製造することができる。 In this way, an acoustic control panel 1 can be manufactured in the same manner as in the conventional method, by intermittently moving the drills 22, 22, ... up and down to form perforated areas 3 and non-perforated areas 4 in an appropriate pattern on the flat plate material 2 as shown in Figure 17.

すなわち、本発明の音響調整パネルの製造方法は、穿孔装置21に直交方向に同一間隔で装着されたドリル22,22,・・・の適宜位置のドリル22を離脱させると共に、適宜位置のドリル22の直径を異なるものに変更して、平板材2を水平方向かつ長さ方向に搬送させつつ、ドリル22,22,・・・を間欠的に上下動させて、平板材2に適宜パターンで有孔領域3及び無孔領域4を形成するというものである。
尚、ドリル22,22,・・・を間欠的に上下動させる時間を適宜変化させれば、1枚の平板材2において、孔部の長さ方向ピッチを変化させることもできる。
In other words, the manufacturing method for the acoustic control panel of the present invention involves removing the drills 22 at appropriate positions from the drills 22, 22, ... attached at equal intervals in the perpendicular direction to the drilling device 21, changing the diameter of the drills 22 at appropriate positions to different ones, and intermittently moving the drills 22, 22, ... up and down while transporting the flat plate material 2 horizontally and longitudinally, to form perforated areas 3 and non-perforated areas 4 in an appropriate pattern in the flat plate material 2.
Furthermore, by appropriately changing the time for which the drills 22, 22, . . . are intermittently moved up and down, the longitudinal pitch of the holes in one flat plate material 2 can also be changed.

さらに、無駄なく材料を使用するという観点から、平板材2の長さLaを所定長さ単位L1の整数倍として、その長さ単位L1の整数倍に相当する適宜位置にて、直交方向に切断することによって、所定長さの音響調整パネル1を製造するのが好ましい。 Furthermore, from the viewpoint of using materials without waste, it is preferable to manufacture an acoustic control panel 1 of a predetermined length by setting the length La of the flat plate material 2 to an integer multiple of a predetermined length unit L1 and cutting it in the orthogonal direction at an appropriate position corresponding to an integer multiple of that length unit L1.

以上のように、本発明の音響調整パネルの製造方法によれば、本発明の音響調整パネル1を、特別な製作工程を必要とせず、従来の穿孔装置21を使用し、従来と同様に製作することができ、製造コストが高額になるということはない。 As described above, according to the manufacturing method of the acoustic control panel of the present invention, the acoustic control panel 1 of the present invention can be manufactured in the same manner as in the conventional method using a conventional drilling device 21 without requiring any special manufacturing process, and the manufacturing costs are not high.

又、平板材2の長さLaを所定長さ単位L1の整数倍とし、その長さ単位L1の整数倍に相当する適宜位置にて、直交方向に切断するものであるから、無駄なく材料を使用して所定長さの音響調整パネル1を製造することができる。 In addition, the length La of the flat plate material 2 is an integer multiple of a predetermined length unit L1, and it is cut in the orthogonal direction at an appropriate position that corresponds to an integer multiple of that length unit L1, so that an acoustic control panel 1 of a predetermined length can be manufactured using material without waste.

音楽レッスン室等の室内の音響環境を最適化するとき、従来の音響調整パネル101によれば、1枚の音響調整パネル101において単純な吸音及び反射性能を発揮するだけだから、図9に示すように、多数種類の音響調整パネル101C,101D,101Eを使用しなければならなかった。 When optimizing the acoustic environment in a room such as a music lesson room, a conventional acoustic control panel 101 only provides simple sound absorption and reflection performance in a single acoustic control panel 101, so as shown in Figure 9, multiple types of acoustic control panels 101C, 101D, and 101E had to be used.

一方、本発明の音響調整パネル1によれば、1枚の音響調整パネル1において、有孔領域3、無孔領域4毎に性能が異なり、複雑な吸音及び反射性能を発揮することができると共に、音の周波数に対する吸音率も広い周波数帯域において良好な値を有する特性を示すから、図11に示すように、少数種類の音響調整パネル1C,1Dを使用しても、音響環境を最適化することができ、又、微妙な音響調整も可能となる。 On the other hand, according to the acoustic control panel 1 of the present invention, the performance of each of the perforated and non-perforated areas 3 and 4 in a single acoustic control panel 1 is different, and complex sound absorption and reflection performance can be achieved. In addition, the sound absorption coefficient for sound frequency also exhibits good values over a wide frequency range, so that, as shown in FIG. 11, even if only a small number of types of acoustic control panels 1C and 1D are used, the acoustic environment can be optimized and subtle acoustic adjustments can also be made.

又、本発明の音響調整パネル1によれば、図11に示すように、1枚の音響調整パネル1を上下反転して使用することによって、又、上下反転して設置された各音響調整パネル1においても、異なる吸音及び反射性能を発揮することができるから、このような点も考慮すると、極めて多面的に、微妙な音響調整をすることが可能となる。 In addition, according to the acoustic control panel 1 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 11, by using one acoustic control panel 1 upside down, and even when each acoustic control panel 1 is installed upside down, different sound absorption and reflection performances can be achieved. Taking this into consideration, it is possible to perform extremely multifaceted and delicate acoustic adjustments.

さらに、図9と図11を対比すれば、容易に理解できるように、壁面に音響調整パネルを設置したとき、従来の音響調整パネル101では、孔部の個数が極めて多く、しかも、全面に形成されることから、外観上で極めて煩雑な印象を与える。 Furthermore, as can be easily understood by comparing Figures 9 and 11, when an acoustic control panel is installed on a wall, the conventional acoustic control panel 101 has an extremely large number of holes, which are formed over the entire surface, giving the appearance an extremely cluttered appearance.

一方、本発明の音響調整パネル1では、孔部が一部領域に形成されて、全面に形成されないことから、外観上で極めて簡潔な印象を与え、壁面及び室内を意匠的な面でも良好にすることができる。 On the other hand, in the acoustic control panel 1 of the present invention, the holes are formed in certain areas and not over the entire surface, giving the appearance an extremely simple impression and improving the design of the wall surface and room.

又、長さの相違する複数の音響調整パネル1を使用し、隣接する音響調整パネル1を所定角度傾斜させて連結すれば、音の吸収及び反射状態を適宜調整することができて、より音響環境を最適化することができる。 In addition, by using multiple acoustic control panels 1 of different lengths and connecting adjacent acoustic control panels 1 at a predetermined angle, the sound absorption and reflection states can be adjusted appropriately, further optimizing the acoustic environment.

さらに、微妙な音響調整をする場合には、図1(A)又は(B)に示す穿孔パターンの音響調整パネル1A,1Bを、他の穿孔パターンの音響調整パネル1Cに交換するようにしてもよい。 Furthermore, when fine-tuning the acoustic adjustment is required, the acoustic adjustment panel 1A, 1B having the perforation pattern shown in FIG. 1(A) or (B) may be replaced with an acoustic adjustment panel 1C having a different perforation pattern.

以上のように、室内の天井面、壁面等に本発明の音響調整パネル1を設置することによって、室内の音響環境を従来になく最適化することができる室内構造を実現できる。 As described above, by installing the acoustic control panel 1 of the present invention on the ceiling, walls, etc. of a room, it is possible to realize an interior structure that can optimize the acoustic environment of the room in an unprecedented way.

上記実施形態においては、所定の穿孔パターンから成る有孔領域3及び無孔領域4を形成した2種類の音響調整パネル1A,1Bについて説明したが、他の適宜穿孔パターンから成る有孔領域3及び無孔領域4を形成した音響調整パネル1を構成しても良いこと、勿論である。 In the above embodiment, two types of acoustic control panels 1A and 1B have been described, each having a perforated area 3 and a non-perforated area 4 formed with a predetermined perforation pattern. However, it is of course possible to configure an acoustic control panel 1 having a perforated area 3 and a non-perforated area 4 formed with any other suitable perforation pattern.

又、音響調整パネル1の平板材2の材料及び寸法、孔部5の口径及びピッチ等も、上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、適宜選択することによって、より適切な音響調整パネル1を作製することもできる。 Furthermore, the material and dimensions of the flat plate material 2 of the acoustic control panel 1, the diameter and pitch of the holes 5, etc. are not limited to those in the above embodiment, and a more suitable acoustic control panel 1 can be produced by appropriately selecting them.

さらに、上記実施形態では、音楽レッスン室の壁面に音響調整パネル1を設置する場合について説明したが、壁面だけではなく、天井面、柱面等に設置してもよい。
又、上記の如く、音楽レッスン室のみならず、コンサートホール、映画館、劇場、音楽レッスン室、放送スタジオ、視聴覚室等、室内の音響環境を向上又は改善する必要のある施設にも適用できること、勿論である。
Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the acoustic control panel 1 is installed on the wall surface of the music lesson room. However, the acoustic control panel 1 may be installed not only on the wall surface, but also on the ceiling surface, pillar surface, and the like.
Furthermore, as mentioned above, it goes without saying that the present invention can be applied not only to music lesson rooms, but also to facilities such as concert halls, movie theaters, theaters, music lesson rooms, broadcasting studios, audiovisual rooms, and other facilities where it is necessary to improve or enhance the indoor acoustic environment.

1 音響調整パネル
1A,1B 音響調整パネル
2 平板材
3 有孔領域
3A,3B,3C 有孔領域
4 無孔領域
4A,4B,4C,4D,4E 無孔領域
5 孔部
5A,5B,5C 孔部
1 Acoustic adjustment panel 1A, 1B Acoustic adjustment panel 2 Flat plate material 3 Perforated area 3A, 3B, 3C Perforated area 4 Non-porous area 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, 4E Non-porous area 5 Hole 5A, 5B, 5C Hole

Claims (2)

平板材に孔部を穿設して構成される音響調整パネルの製造方法において、In a method for manufacturing an acoustic control panel constructed by drilling holes in a flat plate material,
穿孔装置に直交方向に同一間隔で装着された適宜位置のドリルを離脱させると共に、適宜位置のドリルの直径を異なるものに変更して、前記平板材を水平方向かつ長さ方向に搬送させつつ、ドリルを間欠的に上下動させて、前記平板材に適宜パターンで有孔領域及び無孔領域を形成することを特徴とする音響調整パネルの製造方法。A method for manufacturing an acoustic control panel, comprising the steps of: detaching drills at appropriate positions attached at equal intervals in a direction perpendicular to a drilling device; changing the diameter of the drills at appropriate positions to different ones; transporting the flat plate material horizontally and lengthwise while intermittently moving the drills up and down to form perforated and non-perforated areas in an appropriate pattern in the flat plate material.
前記平板材の長さを所定長さ単位の整数倍とし、その長さ単位の整数倍に相当する適宜位置にて、直交方向に切断することによって、所定長さの音響調整パネルを製造することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の音響調整パネルの製造方法。The method for manufacturing an acoustic control panel as described in claim 1, characterized in that the length of the flat plate material is an integer multiple of a predetermined length unit, and an acoustic control panel of a predetermined length is manufactured by cutting it in an orthogonal direction at an appropriate position corresponding to the integer multiple of that length unit.
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