JP7640488B2 - Manufacturing method of reamer and cutting workpiece - Google Patents

Description

This disclosure relates to a reamer. The reamer can be used to enlarge the inner diameter of a hole in a workpiece such as a metal.

The reamer described in Patent Document 1 is known as a cutting tool used when cutting workpieces such as metals. The reamer described in Patent Document 1 has a tool body and a cap body. The tool body has an oil hole that extends along the rotation axis. Coolant is supplied to the tip side through this oil hole. The cap body has an outlet hole. The coolant is sprayed to the outside from the outlet hole and is used to cool the cutting edge.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-114628

In the reamer described in Patent Document 1, the coolant sprayed out from the outlet holes is likely to hit the unmachined parts of the workpiece or chips. As a result, there is a risk that the coolant will not be supplied sufficiently near the cutting edge, resulting in an insufficient cooling effect.

The non-limiting one-sided reamer of the present disclosure has a rod-shaped body extending from the rear end to the tip along a rotation axis, and a cover attached to the tip side of the body. The body has an outer circumferential surface, a groove extending from the tip side to the rear end along the outer circumferential surface, a peripheral cutting edge located at the intersection of the outer circumferential surface and the groove, and a through hole extending from the rear end to the tip and opening on the tip side.

The lid has a first hole connected to the through hole and extending toward the tip of the lid, and a second hole connected to the first hole. The second hole has a connection part connected to the first hole, an injection port located on the rear end side of the lid, and a straight part extending in a straight line from the connection part to the injection port. The straight part is inclined so as to move away from the rotation axis and toward the front in the rotation direction of the rotation axis as it approaches the injection port.

The above reamer provides a high cooling effect with coolant.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a non-limiting one sided reamer of the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the reamer shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the tip side. 3 is the same plan view as FIG. 2, but showing the second hole and the like in a see-through view. FIG. FIG. 3 is a side view of the reamer shown in FIG. 2 as viewed from a direction IV. 5 is an enlarged view of a region V shown in FIG. 4, with a second hole and the like seen through. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a cover body of the reamer shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the tip side. FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the cover shown in FIG. 6 as seen from the rear end side. FIG. FIG. 8 is the same perspective view as FIG. 7, but showing the second hole and the like. 7 is a plan view of the cover shown in FIG. 6 as viewed from the rear end side. FIG. FIG. 10 is the same plan view as FIG. 9, but showing the second hole and the like in a see-through view. 10 is a side view of the cover shown in FIG. 9 as viewed from the XI direction. FIG. 12 is the same side view as FIG. 11, but showing the second hole and the like in a see-through manner. FIG. 4 is a plan view of a non-limiting one-sided reamer of the present disclosure, seen from the tip side, corresponding to FIG. 3 . FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a step in a non-limiting method of manufacturing a one-sided machined product according to the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a step in a non-limiting method of manufacturing a one-sided machined product according to the present disclosure. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a step in a non-limiting method of manufacturing a one-sided machined product according to the present disclosure.

<Reamer>
Hereinafter, a non-limiting aspect of the reamer 1 of the present disclosure will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, in each of the drawings referred to below, for the sake of convenience, only the main components necessary for explaining the embodiment are shown in a simplified form. Therefore, the reamer 1 may include any component not shown in each of the drawings referred to. Furthermore, the dimensions of the components in each drawing do not faithfully represent the dimensions of the actual components and the dimensional ratios of each component.

The reamer 1 may have a main body 3 and a cover 5, as shown in a non-limiting example in Figures 1 to 12.

The main body 3 may be rod-shaped. The main body 3 may extend from the rear end 3b to the front end 3a along the rotation axis O1. The main body 3 is rotatable around the rotation axis O1. The arrow Y1 in FIG. 1 may indicate the direction of rotation of the rotation axis O1.

Materials for the main body 3 include, for example, steel and cemented carbide. When the main body 3 is made of steel, the main body 3 has high toughness.

The body 3 may have a shank portion 7 and a cutting portion 9.

The shank portion 7 can function as a part that is gripped by a rotating spindle of a machine tool. The shank portion 7 may be designed according to the shape of the spindle in the machine tool.

The cutting portion 9 may be located on the tip 3a side of the shank portion 7. The cutting portion 9 is capable of contacting the workpiece and can function as a portion that plays a major role in cutting the workpiece (e.g., enlarging the inner diameter of a machined hole).

The main body 3 is not limited to a specific size. For example, the maximum outer diameter D of the cutting portion 9 may be set to approximately 1 to 20 mm. Furthermore, the length L of the cutting portion 9 in the direction along the rotation axis O1 may be set to approximately L = 1D to 10D.

The main body 3 may have an outer peripheral surface 11, a groove 13, an outer peripheral blade 15, and a through hole 17, as shown in a non-limiting example in Figures 1 and 5.

The outer peripheral surface 11 may also be referred to as a clearance surface. The outer peripheral surface 11 may also have a margin surface 19 and a clearance surface 21, as shown in a non-limiting example in FIG. 5.

The margin surface 19 may be located along the groove 13, rearward of the rotational direction Y1 of the rotation axis O1. The margin surface 19 can function as a portion that makes sliding contact with the inner wall surface of the machined hole in the workpiece to stabilize the operability of the reamer 1.

The clearance surface 21 may be located along the margin surface 19, rearward of the rotational direction Y1. The clearance surface 21 may be recessed relative to the margin surface 19. The clearance surface 21 may function as a portion that reduces friction with the workpiece during cutting.

The groove 13 may extend from the tip 3a toward the rear end 3b along the outer circumferential surface 11. The groove 13 may function as a portion for discharging chips to the outside. The groove 13 may extend parallel to the rotation axis O1, or may extend in a spiral shape around the rotation axis O1. There may be only one groove 13, or there may be multiple grooves 13. When there are multiple grooves 13, the number of grooves 13 may be 2 to 8. The groove 13 may be located in the cutting portion 9.

The depth of the groove 13 is not limited to a specific value. For example, the depth of the groove 13 may be set to 10-40% of the outer diameter of the main body 3 (cutting portion 9). The depth of the groove 13 may be the value obtained by subtracting the distance between the bottom of the groove 13 and the rotation axis O1 from the radius of the main body 3 (cutting portion 9) in a cross section perpendicular to the rotation axis O1. The bottom may be the portion of the groove 13 closest to the rotation axis O1.

The peripheral blade 15 may be located at the intersection of the peripheral surface 11 and the groove 13. The peripheral blade 15 may function as a part that cuts the workpiece in the cutting process. The number of peripheral blades 15 may be the same as the number of grooves 13. The peripheral blade 15 may be located in the cutting section 9.

The through hole 17 may extend from the rear end 3b toward the front end 3a and open on the side of the front end 3a. In other words, the through hole 17 may extend from the rear end 3b toward the front end 3a and have an opening 23 that opens on the side of the front end 3a. Coolant supplied from the outside can be passed through the inside of the through hole 17. The shape of the through hole 17 is not particularly limited as long as it allows the coolant to pass through.

The through hole 17 may open on the side of the rear end 3b. In other words, the through hole 17 may further have an opening that opens on the side of the rear end 3b. For convenience, this opening may be called the second opening, and the opening 23 may be called the first opening 23.

The second opening can function as an inlet for allowing coolant to flow into the through hole 17. The position of the second opening is not particularly limited. For example, as in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 4, when the main body 3 has an end surface 25 on the rear end 3b side, the second opening may be located at the end surface 25.

Examples of coolants include water-insoluble oils and water-soluble oils. Examples of water-insoluble oils include cutting oils such as oil-based, inactive extreme pressure, and active extreme pressure. Examples of water-soluble oils include cutting oils such as emulsions, solubles, and solutions. The coolant is not limited to a liquid, and may be a gas such as an inert gas. The coolant may be appropriately selected and used depending on the material of the workpiece.

The lid 5 may be attached to the tip 3a side of the main body 3. The lid 5 may be attached to the tip 3a side of the main body 3 so as to cover the opening 23 of the through hole 17. The lid 5 may function as a member that controls the direction of the flow of coolant supplied from the main body 3 through the through hole 17.

The lid body 5 may be attached removably. For example, the lid body 5 may be attached to the main body 3 by bonding with an adhesive or by press-fitting. Examples of the material of the lid body 5 include metal and resin. The maximum value of the outer diameter of the lid body 5 may be smaller than the maximum value of the outer diameter of the main body 3 (cutting portion 9). In the direction along the rotation axis O1, the length of the lid body 5 may be shorter than the length of the main body 3 (cutting portion 9).

The lid body 5 may have a first hole 27 and a second hole 29, as in the non-limiting example shown in Figures 5 and 12. The first hole 27 may be connected to the through hole 17 and may extend toward the tip 5a of the lid body 5. The second hole 29 may be connected to the first hole 27. In these cases, it is possible for the coolant supplied from the main body 3 through the through hole 17 to flow through the first hole 27 and then the second hole 29.

The number of first holes 27 and second holes 29 may be one each, or may be multiple. When the cover body 5 has multiple first holes 27 and second holes 29, these first holes 27 and second holes 29 may be positioned at equal intervals around the rotation axis O1, or may be positioned at unequal intervals. When there are multiple first holes 27 and second holes 29, the number of each of the first holes 27 and second holes 29 may be 2 to 8. The number of each of the first holes 27 and second holes 29 may be the same as the number of grooves 13.

The second hole 29 may have a connection portion 31, an injection port 33, and a straight portion 35. The connection portion 31 may be a portion connected to the first hole 27. The injection port 33 may be located on the side of the rear end 5b of the lid 5. The straight portion 35 may be a portion extending in a straight line from the connection portion 31 to the injection port 33.

In these cases, the coolant that flows toward the tip 5a through the first hole 27 can be directed toward the rear end 5b by the straight section 35, and can be sprayed to the outside from the nozzle 33. Note that the nozzle 33 may open to include the intersection of the outer peripheral surface 37 of the lid 5 and the end face 39 on the rear end 5b side, as in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 7.

The straight portion 35 may be spaced apart from the rotation axis O1 as it approaches the nozzle 33, as shown in a non-limiting example in FIG. 5 and FIG. 12. The straight portion 35 may also be inclined so as to face forward in the rotation direction Y1 of the rotation axis O1, as shown in a non-limiting example in FIG. 3 and FIG. 10.

In these cases, the coolant is sprayed from the rear to the front in the rotation direction Y1, so the sprayed coolant is less likely to be affected by unmachined parts or cutting chips. This makes it easier for the coolant to be sprayed stably onto the surface of the reamer 1. In other words, the coolant is easier to supply to the outer peripheral surface 11, etc. Therefore, the reamer 1 provides a high cooling effect by the coolant.

As a non-limiting example shown in FIG. 3, when the lid 5 is viewed from the tip, the inclination angle θ1 in the rotational direction Y1 at the connection portion 31 may be smaller than the inclination angle θ2 in the rotational direction Y1 at the straight portion 35. In this case, it is easy to avoid a sudden change in the inclination angle in the rotational direction Y1 at the second hole 29.

The connection part 31 does not have to be inclined with respect to the rotational direction Y1. In other words, the inclination angle θ1 of the connection part 31 with respect to the rotational direction Y1 may be 0°. In this case, the coolant is more likely to be smoothly supplied from the first hole 27 to the second hole 29. It is also easier to incline the straight part 35 with respect to the rotational direction Y1. When the lid body 5 is viewed through the tip, the straight part 35 may be inclined with respect to the connection part 31.

When evaluating the inclination angle θ1 of the rotation direction Y1 at the connection portion 31, the central axis O2 passing through the center of the connection portion 31 may be used as a reference. Similarly, when evaluating the inclination angle θ2 of the rotation direction Y1 at the straight portion 35, the central axis O3 passing through the center of the straight portion 35 may be used as a reference.

Note that the inclination angle θ1 and the inclination angle θ2 are not limited to specific values. For example, the inclination angle θ1 may be set to about 0 to 20°. More specifically, the inclination angle θ1 may be set to about 5 to 15°. The inclination angle θ2 may be set to about 0 to 50°. More specifically, the inclination angle θ2 may be set to about 10 to 45°.

The connection portion 31 may have a first portion 41 and a second portion 43, as shown in a non-limiting example in FIG. 12. The first portion 41 may be connected to the first hole 27 and extend from the first hole 27 toward the leading end 5a. The second portion 43 may be connected to the first portion 41 and extend from the first portion 41 toward the rear end 5b. In these cases, the supply of coolant from the first hole 27 to the second hole 29 is more likely to proceed smoothly.

The length of the straight portion 35 may be the same as the length of the connection portion 31, or may be different. For example, as in the non-limiting example shown in Figures 10 and 12, the straight portion 35 may be longer than the connection portion 31. In this case, the direction in which the coolant is sprayed is more likely to be stable.

The cover 5 may further have a recess 45, as shown in a non-limiting example in FIG. 7. The recess 45 may be located on the rear end 5b side, and the first hole 27 may open. The recess 45 may open on the end surface 39 on the rear end 5b side.

The recess 45 may have a first portion 47 and a second portion 49, as shown in a non-limiting example in FIG. 12. The first hole 27 may open into the first portion 47. The second portion 49 may be located closer to the rear end 5b than the first portion 47, and may have a smaller inner diameter than the first portion 47.

The main body 3 may further have a protrusion 51, as in the non-limiting example shown in FIG. 5. The protrusion 51 may be located on the side of the tip 3a, and the through hole 17 may open. Note that, when the main body 3 has the protrusion 51, the top of the protrusion 51 may be the tip 3a of the main body 3.

The protrusion 51 may have a third portion 53 and a fourth portion 55. The third portion 53 may be located on the side of the tip 3a. The fourth portion 55 may be located closer to the rear end 3b than the third portion 53, and may have a smaller outer diameter than the third portion 53.

The third portion 53 may be located in the first portion 47. The fourth portion 55 may be located in the second portion 49. In these cases, the cover body 5 is less likely to come off the main body 3 when the reamer 1 is in use.

The body 3 may further include a tip edge 57 and a tip clearance surface 59, as shown in a non-limiting example in Figures 2 and 5.

The tip blade 57 may be connected to the peripheral blade 15 on the tip 3a side, and may approach the rotation axis O1 as it moves away from the peripheral blade 15. The length of the tip blade 57 may be shorter than the length of the peripheral blade 15.

The tip flank 59 may be located along the tip cutting edge 57, rearward in the rotational direction Y1. The tip flank 59 may have a margin surface 61 and a clearance surface 63, similar to the outer peripheral surface 11.

Next, a non-limiting one-sided reamer 1A of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG. 13. Below, the differences between reamer 1A and reamer 1 will be mainly described, and detailed descriptions of the parts that have the same configuration as reamer 1 may be omitted.

In the reamer 1A, as shown in a non-limiting example in FIG. 13, the central axis O3 passing through the center of the straight section 35 may intersect with the tip flank 59. In this case, coolant can be made to flow to the tip flank 59, so the cooling effect of the tip cutting edge 57 is high. The central axis O3 may intersect with the margin surface 61 on the tip flank 59.

<Method of manufacturing machined product>
Next, a non-limiting method for manufacturing the one-sided machined product 101 according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS.

The machined product 101 may be produced by cutting a workpiece 103. A manufacturing method of the machined product 101 may include the following steps. That is,
(1) rotating the reamer 1, which is representative of the non-limiting embodiment described above, along a rotation axis O1;
(2) contacting the reamer 1 with a workpiece 103;
(3) a step of separating the reamer 1 from the workpiece 103;
may have the following structure:

Specifically, first, as shown in a non-limiting example in FIG. 14, the reamer 1 may be rotated in the Y1 direction along the rotation axis O1 while being brought relatively close to the workpiece 103. Next, as shown in a non-limiting example in FIG. 15, the peripheral cutting edge 15 may be brought into contact with the workpiece 103 to cut the workpiece 103. Then, as shown in a non-limiting example in FIG. 16, the reamer 1 may be moved relatively away from the workpiece 103.

By going through the above steps, it is possible to obtain a machined product 101 with a highly accurate finished surface. Specifically, when a reamer 1 is used in the manufacturing method of the machined product 101, the cooling effect of the coolant is high, making it possible to achieve excellent workability. As a result, it is possible to obtain a machined product 101 with a highly accurate finished surface.

Note that in the non-limiting example shown in Figures 14 to 16, the workpiece 103 is fixed and the reamer 1 is moved in each process, but of course this is not limited to this form.

For example, in step (1), the workpiece 103 may be brought closer to the reamer 1. Similarly, in step (3), the workpiece 103 may be moved away from the reamer 1. If cutting is to be continued, the reamer 1 may be kept rotating and the process of contacting the peripheral cutting edge 15 with different locations on the workpiece 103 may be repeated.

Examples of the material of the workpiece 103 include carbon steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, cast iron, and non-ferrous metals.

Note that in the non-limiting example shown in Figures 14 to 16, reamer 1 is used, but the present invention is not limited to this form. For example, reamer 1A may be used instead of reamer 1.

LIST OF SYMBOLS 1: Reamer 3: Main body 3a: Tip 3b: Rear end 5: Cover 5a: Tip 5b: Rear end 7: Shank portion 9: Cutting portion 11: Outer surface 13: Groove 15: Outer cutting edge 17: Through hole 19: Margin surface 21: Clearance surface 23: Opening 25: End surface 27: First hole 29: Second hole 31: Connection portion 33: Injection port 35: Straight portion 37: Outer surface 39: End surface 41: First portion 43: Second portion 45: Recess 47: First portion 49: Second portion 51: Convex portion 53: Third portion 55: Fourth portion 57: Tip cutting edge 59: Tip relief surface 61: Margin surface 63: Clearance surface 101: Cutting workpiece 103: Workpiece O1: Rotating shaft O2: Central axis O3: Central axis Y1: Rotation direction

Claims (8)

A rod-shaped main body extending from a rear end to a front end along a rotation axis;
a cover attached to the main body on the side of the tip,
The body includes:
The outer periphery and
a groove extending along the outer circumferential surface from the tip end side toward the rear end;
a peripheral cutting edge located at an intersection of the peripheral surface and the groove;
a through hole extending from the rear end toward the front end and opening on the front end side,
The lid body is
A first hole connected to the through hole and extending toward a tip of the lid;
a second hole connected to the first hole,
The second hole is
A connection portion connected to the first hole;
An injection port located on the rear end side of the lid body;
a straight portion extending in a straight line from the connection portion to the injection port,
The straight portion is inclined so as to move away from the rotation shaft and toward a front in a rotation direction of the rotation shaft as the straight portion approaches the injection port. The reamer according to claim 1, in which, when the lid is viewed through the tip, the angle of inclination of the connection portion in the direction of rotation is smaller than the angle of inclination of the straight portion in the direction of rotation. The reamer according to claim 2, wherein the connection portion is not inclined with respect to the direction of rotation. The connection portion is
a first portion connected to the first hole and extending from the first hole toward the tip;
The reamer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising: a second portion connected to said first portion and extending from said first portion toward said rear end. The body includes:
a tip blade connected to the peripheral blade at the tip side and approaching the rotation shaft as it moves away from the peripheral blade;
A tip flank surface is located along the tip cutting edge at a rear side in the rotation direction,
The reamer according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a central axis passing through a center of said straight portion intersects with said tip flank surface. The reamer according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the straight portion is longer than the connecting portion. the cover further has a recess located on the rear end side and into which the first hole opens,
The recessed portion is
a first portion in which the first hole opens;
a second portion located closer to the rear end than the first portion and having an inner diameter smaller than that of the first portion,
The main body further has a protrusion located on the tip side and into which the through hole opens,
The protrusion is
A third portion located on the tip side;
a fourth portion located closer to the rear end than the third portion and having an outer diameter smaller than that of the third portion,
The reamer of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein said third portion is located in said first portion and said fourth portion is located in said second portion. Rotating the reamer according to any one of claims 1 to 7 along the rotation axis;
contacting the reamer with a workpiece;
and removing the reamer from the workpiece.

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