JP7643881B2 - 目封止ハニカム構造体 - Google Patents
目封止ハニカム構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- B01D46/2403—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using rigid hollow filter bodies characterised by the physical shape or structure of the filtering element
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- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
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- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion
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Description
前記セルにおける前記流入端面側又は前記流出端面側のいずれか一方の端部を封止するように配置された目封止部と、を備え、
前記流出端面側の端部に前記目封止部が配設され、前記流入端面側が開口した前記セルを流入セルとし、且つ、前記流入端面側の端部に前記目封止部が配設され、前記流出端面側が開口した前記セルを流出セルとし、
前記ハニカム構造部の前記セルの延びる方向に直交する断面において、前記セルの形状が多角形であるとともに、一の前記流入セルと他の前記流入セルとが前記隔壁を挟んで隣接するセル構造を有し、且つ、
前記セルの延びる方向に直交する前記断面において、前記流入セルの総面積が前記流出セルの総面積よりも大きく、
前記隔壁の気孔率が38%以上であり、前記隔壁の厚さが125μm以上、280μm以下で、前記ハニカム構造部のセル密度が31.0個/cm2以上であり、
前記隔壁の空気の透過抵抗が、4.5×107Pa・s/m2以下である、目封止ハニカム構造体。
前記流出セルの総個数Nbに対する、前記流入セルの総個数Naの比が、2以上である、前記[1]又は[2]に記載の目封止ハニカム構造体。
図1~図5を参照して、第一実施形態の目封止ハニカム構造体100について説明する。ここで、図1は、本発明の目封止ハニカム構造体の第一実施形態を模式的に示す流入端面側から見た斜視図である。図2は、図1に示す目封止ハニカム構造体の流入端面を模式的に示す平面図である。図3は、図2に示す流入端面の一部を拡大した拡大平面図である。図4は、図1に示す目封止ハニカム構造体の流出端面を模式的に示す平面図である。図5は、図2のA-A’断面を模式的に示す、断面図である。
次に、図6~図9を参照して、第二実施形態の目封止ハニカム構造体200について説明する。ここで、図6は、本発明の目封止ハニカム構造体の第二実施形態の流入端面を模式的に示す平面図である。図7は、図6に示す流入端面の一部を拡大した拡大平面図である。図8は、図6に示す目封止ハニカム構造体の流出端面を模式的に示す平面図である。図9は、図6のB-B’断面を模式的に示す、断面図である。
次に、図10及び図11を参照して、第三実施形態の目封止ハニカム構造体300について説明する。ここで、図10は、本発明の目封止ハニカム構造体の第三実施形態の流入端面の一部を拡大した拡大平面図である。図11は、図10に示す目封止ハニカム構造体の流出端面の一部を拡大した拡大平面図である。
次に、図12及び図13を参照して、第四実施形態の目封止ハニカム構造体400について説明する。ここで、図12は、本発明の目封止ハニカム構造体の第四実施形態の流入端面の一部を拡大した拡大平面図である。図13は、図12に示す目封止ハニカム構造体の流出端面の一部を拡大した拡大平面図である。
次に、図14及び図15を参照して、第五実施形態の目封止ハニカム構造体700について説明する。ここで、図14は、本発明の目封止ハニカム構造体の第五実施形態を模式的に示す流入端面側から見た斜視図である。図15は、図14に示す目封止ハニカム構造体に用いられるハニカムセグメントを模式的に示す流入端面側から見た斜視図である。
本発明の目封止ハニカム構造体におけるハニカム構造部は、図14に示すような「セグメント構造のハニカム構造部84」であってもよいし、例えば、図1に示すような「一体型のハニカム構造部4」であってもよい。なお、図14においては、各ハニカムセグメント86の流入端面91上の隔壁及びセルを捨象した形で作図を行っている。
まず、ハニカム構造部を作製するための坏土を調製した。実施例1では、坏土を調製するための原料粉末として、炭化珪素(SiC)粉末と金属珪素(Si)粉末とを、80:20の質量割合で混合した混合粉末を準備した。この混合粉末に、バインダ、造孔材、及び水を添加して、成形原料とした。次に、成形原料を混練して円柱状の坏土を作製した。なお、上述したような材料を用いて調製された坏土からハニカム構造部を作製した場合については、表2、表4、表6及び表8の「材料」の欄に「SiC」と記す。
目封止ハニカム構造体のハニカム構造部から、一部の隔壁を切り出した。そして、切り出した隔壁に、25℃の空気をマスフローメータで流量を変化させて通気し、その際の隔壁を透過する前後の空気の差圧を圧力計によって測定した。そして、隔壁の単位面積(mm2)当たりの空気の透過抵抗(Pa・s/m2)を算出した。
まず、目封止ハニカム構造体の圧力損失を測定し、測定した圧力損失を「初期圧損(kPa)」とした。次に、目封止ハニカム構造体の隔壁に対して、所定量のススとアッシュ(灰)を堆積させた状態で圧力損失を測定し、測定した圧力損失を「スス付き圧損(kPa)」とした。なお、スス付き圧損測定時において、ススの堆積量は6g/Lとし、アッシュの堆積量は30g/Lとした。ここで、スス及びアッシュの堆積量とは、ハニカム構造部の単位体積(1L)当たりにおける、スス又はアッシュの堆積量(g)である。そして、「スス付き圧損(kPa)」から「初期圧損(kPa)」を減算した値を、「圧損上昇ΔP(kPa)」とした。
目封止ハニカム構造体における各構成を、表1~表10に示すように変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で目封止ハニカム構造体を作製した。実施例2~40及び比較例1~22の目封止ハニカム構造体について、実施例1と同様の方法で、「隔壁の空気の透過抵抗」を測定した。また、実施例2~40及び比較例1~22の目封止ハニカム構造体について、実施例1と同様の方法で、「圧損上昇ΔP」に関する評価を行った。各結果を表2、表4、表6、表8、表10に示す。
実施例1~3の目封止ハニカム構造体は、比較例1の目封止ハニカム構造体よりも圧損上昇ΔPが大幅に小さいものであった。また、実施例1~3の目封止ハニカム構造体は、流入セルと流出セルの総開口率(別言すれば、総面積)が同じ値を示す比較例16の目封止ハニカム構造体に対しても、圧損上昇ΔPが小さいものであった。このように、一の流入セルと他の流入セルとが隔壁を挟んで隣接するセル構造を有し、且つ、流入セルの総面積が流出セルの総面積よりも大きく構成された実施例1~3の目封止ハニカム構造体は、圧損上昇ΔPが小さいものであった。
Claims (10)
- 流入端面から流出端面まで延びる流体の流路となる複数のセルを取り囲むように配設された多孔質の隔壁を有するハニカム構造部と、
前記セルにおける前記流入端面側又は前記流出端面側のいずれか一方の端部を封止するように配置された目封止部と、を備え、
前記流出端面側の端部に前記目封止部が配設され、前記流入端面側が開口した前記セルを流入セルとし、且つ、前記流入端面側の端部に前記目封止部が配設され、前記流出端面側が開口した前記セルを流出セルとし、
前記ハニカム構造部の前記セルの延びる方向に直交する断面において、前記セルの形状が多角形であるとともに、一の前記流入セルと他の前記流入セルとが前記隔壁を挟んで隣接するセル構造を有し、且つ、
前記セルの延びる方向に直交する前記断面において、前記流入セルの総面積が前記流出セルの総面積よりも大きく、
前記隔壁の気孔率が38%以上であり、前記隔壁の厚さが125μm以上、280μm以下で、前記ハニカム構造部のセル密度が31.0個/cm2以上であり、
前記隔壁の空気の透過抵抗が、4.5×107Pa・s/m2以下であり、
前記流入セルと前記流出セルとの間に配設された前記隔壁を第一隔壁とし、前記流入セル同士の間に配設された前記隔壁を第二隔壁としたときに、前記第一隔壁の厚さ及び前記第二隔壁の厚さは同じであり、
前記隔壁に、酸化触媒、選択的触媒還元触媒、及び三元触媒からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の触媒が担持された、目封止ハニカム構造体。 - 前記隔壁の空気の透過抵抗が、4.0×107Pa・s/m2以下である、請求項1に記載の目封止ハニカム構造体。
- 前記セルの延びる方向に直交する前記断面において、一の前記流入セルの形状と一の前記流出セルの形状が合同又は相似であり、且つ、
前記流出セルの総個数Nbに対する、前記流入セルの総個数Naの比が、2以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の目封止ハニカム構造体。 - 前記セルの延びる方向に直交する前記断面において、前記流入セルの形状が一種類である、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の目封止ハニカム構造体。
- 前記セルの延びる方向に直交する前記断面において、前記流入セルの形状及び前記流出セルの形状が共に六角形である、請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の目封止ハニカム構造体。
- 前記セルの延びる方向に直交する前記断面において、少なくとも1つ以上の前記セルの形状が、正六角形である、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の目封止ハニカム構造体。
- 前記隔壁に前記酸化触媒が担持され、前記酸化触媒の担持量が、0.1~30g/Lである、請求項1に記載の目封止ハニカム構造体。
- 前記隔壁に前記選択的触媒還元触媒が担持され、前記選択的触媒還元触媒の担持量が、50~130g/Lである、請求項1に記載の目封止ハニカム構造体。
- 前記選択的触媒還元触媒が、ゼオライト型の選択的触媒還元触媒又はバナジウム型の選択的触媒還元触媒である、請求項1又は8に記載の目封止ハニカム構造体。
- 前記隔壁に前記三元触媒が担持され、前記三元触媒の担持量が、40~130g/Lである、請求項1に記載の目封止ハニカム構造体。
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