JP7651017B2 - Elevator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an elevator in which a hoist and a control panel are installed within a hoistway.

Machine room-less elevators (see, for example, Patent Document 1), in which the hoist and control panel are installed inside the hoistway, are widely installed in train stations and other locations where there is no space available for a machine room. Machine room-less elevators are also widely installed in low- to mid-rise buildings, where the installation of a machine room would affect the available space.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 7-10434

In machine room elevators, like elevators with a machine room, equipment such as the governor device and shielding plates that serve as the target of the position detection sensor are installed inside the hoistway. This makes it difficult to further reduce space or to permanently install dedicated maintenance equipment (such as a pit ladder).

Therefore, the present invention provides an elevator that allows for further space savings and the permanent installation of dedicated maintenance equipment, even while the hoisting machine and control panel are installed inside the hoistway.

In order to solve the above problems, the elevator of the present invention has a hoist and a control panel provided in a hoistway, and is equipped with a non-contact position detection device that detects the position of a car and is provided adjacent to a car door threshold and a landing door threshold, and an electric emergency stop device operated by a ropeless governor system equipped with a non-contact speed detector, and has, in the hoistway, a first space and a second space located on either side of a first guide rail that guides the car, and a third space and a fourth space located on either side of a second guide rail that guides the car, and a control panel is provided in one of the first, second, third and fourth spaces, and a hoist and a counterweight are provided in the other space, and further includes any of the following means :
The first means is that dedicated maintenance equipment is permanently installed in the spaces other than one space and the other one space among the first space, the second space, the third space and the fourth space.
The second means is that the control panel is provided in the first space, the hoist and the counterweight are provided in the second space, and dedicated maintenance equipment is permanently installed in the fourth space.

According to the present invention, it is possible to further reduce the space required for elevators in which the hoisting machine and control panel are installed inside the hoistway. In addition, in elevators in which the hoisting machine and control panel are installed inside the hoistway, it is possible to ensure space for permanent installation of dedicated maintenance equipment.

Issues, configurations and effects other than those described above will become clear from the description of the embodiments below.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the schematic configuration of an elevator according to an embodiment of the present invention in the height direction within a hoistway. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the elevator of this embodiment as seen from above the car. 1 is a front view of a car and an electric emergency stop device, showing an example of a schematic configuration of the electric emergency stop device in the present embodiment. FIG. 13 is a front view of a car and an electric emergency stop device, showing another example of the schematic configuration of the electric emergency stop device in the present embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an image of an exposed surface of a car guide rail 2A (FIG. 2). FIG. 1 is a side view of a part of a car and a part of a landing, showing an example of a schematic configuration of a non-contact position detection device in this embodiment. 13 is a side view of a part of a car and a part of a landing, showing another example of the schematic configuration of a non-contact position detection device in the present embodiment. FIG.

Hereinafter, the embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each drawing, the same reference numerals indicate the same components or components having similar functions.

Figure 1 is a diagram showing the overall configuration of an elevator according to one embodiment of the present invention, in the height direction within a hoistway. Figure 2 is a plan view of the elevator according to this embodiment, as seen from above the car within the hoistway.

As shown in Figure 1, in the elevator of this embodiment, a hoist 3 supported by a machine beam 3B is installed near the top of the hoistway 1. The car 4 and counterweight 50 are suspended in the hoistway 1 by a main rope 40. One end of the main rope 40 is fixed to the machine beam 3B, and is further wound around a pulley 50A provided on the counterweight 50, a sheave 3A of the hoist 3, a car under pulley 4B (Figure 2) provided at the bottom of the car 4, and a car under pulley 4A, in that order. Although not shown, the other end of the main rope 40 is fixed near the top of the hoistway 1.

A control panel 30, which houses a drive device (e.g., an inverter device) that drives the hoisting machine 3 and a control device that controls the operation of the car 4, is installed near the top of the elevator shaft 1.

In this embodiment, the vicinity of the top is the area in the elevator shaft 1 between the top floor surface and the top of the elevator shaft, i.e., the so-called overhead.

The non-contact position detection device 200 that detects the position of the car 4 in the elevator system of this embodiment is composed of a moving part ("200A" in Fig. 2) provided adjacent to the car floor surface at the front lower part of the car, and a fixed part ("200B" in Fig. 2) fixed adjacent to the landing floor surface in the hoistway 1. The fixed part functions as a floor position setting device.

The control device in the control panel 30 controls the speed of the car 4 and lands the car 4 on each floor in response to a position detection signal from the non-contact position detection device 200 and a rotation detection signal from a rotation detector (e.g., a rotary encoder) not shown that detects the rotation of the hoist 3.

The car 4 is provided with an electric emergency stop device 100. In the electric emergency stop device 100, when the car 4 falls into an overspeed state, the brake shoe is pulled up by an electric actuator, as described below (FIGS. 3 and 4). This electric actuator is operated by a ropeless governor system that does not use a governor rope. This ropeless governor system has a non-contact type speed detector 60.

A pit ladder 300, which is a dedicated maintenance device, is permanently installed near the bottom of the elevator shaft 1, i.e., in the pit. When working in the pit, a maintenance technician uses the pit ladder 300 to descend to the pit. In this embodiment, the pit ladder 300 is permanently installed in a space adjacent to the lowest floor landing for the convenience of the maintenance technician. In this embodiment, the electric emergency stop device 100 operated by the non-contact position detection device 200 and the ropeless governor system described above can reduce the amount of equipment installed in the tower along the height direction of the elevator shaft, such as a shielding plate for position measurement and a rope-type governor system, in the space between the side of the car 4 and the elevator shaft wall when the car door is the front. This allows a space to be secured in the elevator shaft 1 for permanently installing a dedicated maintenance device, in this embodiment, a pit ladder.

As shown in Figure 2, the equipment in the elevator is arranged in the space (SP1 to SP5) between the car 4 and the elevator wall (see the dashed line in Figure 2).

Spaces SP1 and SP2 are the spaces between one of the left and right side surfaces in the depth direction of the car 4, i.e., in this embodiment, the left side surface facing the car door 80, and the car shaft wall surface 1A adjacent to and parallel to this one side surface, as viewed from above the car shaft. Also, spaces SP1 and SP2 are located on the car door 80 side and the opposite side of the car guide rail 2A, respectively, as viewed from above the car shaft.

Spaces SP3 and SP4 are the spaces between the other of the left and right side surfaces in the depth direction of the car 4, i.e., in this embodiment, the right side surface facing the car door 80, and the car shaft wall surface 1B adjacent to and parallel to the other side surface, as viewed from above the car shaft. Also, spaces SP4 and SP3 are located on the car door 80 side and the opposite side of the car guide rail 2B, respectively, as viewed from above the car shaft.

Space SP5 is the space between the back surface of the car 4 facing the car door 80 and the elevator shaft wall surface 1C adjacent to and parallel to this back surface, as viewed from above the elevator shaft.

As shown in Figure 2, the hoist 3 and counterweight 50 are located within space SP2. In this embodiment, a thin hoist is applied as the hoist 3 so that the hoist 3 can be installed in such a narrow space. The counterweight 50 is located below the hoist 3 within space SP2. The hoist 3 and counterweight 50 are positioned within space SP2 so that they overlap each other when viewed from above the hoistway.

In the space SP2, one end of the main rope 40 (Fig. 1) is fixed to the machine beam 3B (Fig. 1). The main rope 40 (Fig. 1) is wound around the pulley 50A (Fig. 1), sheave 3A and under-car pulley 4B in the space SP2, and then passes under the car 4 and is wound around the under-car pulley 4A. The main rope 40 wound around the under-car pulley 4A extends upward in the space SP3. The other end of the main rope 40 extending upward is fixed to a main rope fixing member (not shown) that is fixed to the hoistway wall surface 1B, or the car guide rail 2B, or the rail bracket 20, near the top of the hoistway 1 in the space SP3.

The control panel 30 is disposed within the space SP1. The control panel 30 is fixed to the hoistway wall surface 1A near the top of the hoistway 1. This reduces the length of wiring between the hoisting machine 3 and the control panel 30. In this embodiment, the control panel 30 is made thin. This allows the control panel 30 to be disposed within the narrow space SP1.

In addition, since both the control panels 30 and the hoisting machine 3 can be positioned near the top of the elevator 1, when a maintenance technician performs maintenance work on the elevator car 4, the technician can perform maintenance work on the hoisting machine 3 and each control panel 30 without moving the elevator car 4. This improves the efficiency of the maintenance work.

When the electric motor of the hoist 3 is rotated by a drive device stored in a control panel 30 in the space SP1, the sheave 3A, which is mechanically connected to the electric motor, rotates. When the rotation of the sheave 3A frictionally drives the main rope 40 wound around the sheave 3A, the car 4 and counterweight 50 move in opposite directions to each other in the hoistway 1. At this time, the car 4 is guided by a pair of car guide rails 2A, 2B fixed in the hoistway 1. The counterweight 50 is guided by a pair of counterweight guide rails 2C, 2D fixed in the hoistway 1.

The car guide rails 2A and 2B are supported by rail brackets 20 fixed to the hoistway walls 1A and 1B, respectively. The counterweight guide rails 2C and 2D are supported by rail brackets 20 fixed to the hoistway walls 1A and 1C, respectively.

The moving part 200A of the non-contact position device 200 is provided below the threshold for the car door 80. The fixed part 200B of the non-contact position device 200 is provided below the threshold for the landing door (not shown). Therefore, the non-contact position detection device 200 consisting of the moving part 200A and the fixed part 200B does not affect the size of the spaces SP1 to SP5.

A non-contact speed detector 60 and a safety control device 70 that inputs the signal output by the non-contact speed detector 60 are provided on the top of the car 4. In this embodiment, the non-contact speed detector 60 and the safety control device 70 constitute a ropeless governor system.

In this embodiment, an image sensor is used as the non-contact speed detector 60. The safety control device 70 measures the lifting and lowering speed of the car 4 based on the surface image of the car guide rail 2A acquired by the non-contact speed detector 60 (image sensor). When the safety control device 70 determines that the measured lifting and lowering speed has reached a first overspeed (e.g., a speed not exceeding 1.3 times the rated speed), it outputs a command signal to cut off the power supply of the hoist and the power supply of the control device that controls the hoist. When the safety control device 70 determines that the measured descent speed has reached a second overspeed (e.g., a speed not exceeding 1.4 times the rated speed), it outputs a command signal to operate the electric emergency stop device 100. When the electric emergency stop device 100 is activated, the car guide rails 2A and 2B are clamped by a pair of brakes 151, thereby causing the car 4 to come to an emergency stop.

In this embodiment, as described above, the non-contact position detection device 200 composed of a moving part 200A and a fixed part 200B, and the electric emergency stop device 100 operated by a ropeless governor system having a non-contact speed detector 60 are used, thereby making it possible to reduce the amount of equipment inside the tower.

This makes it possible to secure a space within the elevator shaft 1 that is less occupied by equipment, such as space SP3 shown in Figure 2. This makes it possible to reduce the area of the elevator shaft 1. In addition, it is possible to secure a space in which dedicated maintenance equipment can be permanently installed, such as space SP4 shown in Figure 2.

In this embodiment, a tail cord support member 601 that supports the tail cord 600 is fixed to the elevator shaft wall surface 1B in the space SP3. A pit ladder 300 is permanently installed in the space SP4 near the bottom.

In this embodiment, the hoist 3, counterweight 50 and control panel 30 are provided in one (left) space (SP1 and SP2) of the spaces on both the left and right sides facing the car door 80. This leaves room for reduction in the entire other (right) space (SP3 and SP4). This ensures that the area of the hoistway 1 can be reduced. It also ensures that space can be permanently installed for dedicated maintenance equipment (pit ladder 300). In this embodiment, the pit ladder 300 is permanently installed in space SP4, which is adjacent to the landing and closer to the landing than space SP3, out of spaces SP3 and SP4. This improves convenience for maintenance workers, thereby improving the efficiency of maintenance work in the pit.

Next, an example configuration of the electric emergency stop device 100 will be explained using Figures 3 and 4.

Figure 3 is a front view of the car 4 and the electric emergency stop device 100, showing an example of the general configuration of the electric emergency stop device 100 in this embodiment.

In this embodiment, the electric actuator 103 is an electromagnetic actuator and is disposed on the top of the car 4. The electric actuator 103 has a movable piece or a movable rod that is driven by, for example, a solenoid or an electromagnet.

When the car 4 reaches a predetermined overspeed state (the "second overspeed" mentioned above), the electric operator 103 operates in response to a command signal from the safety control device 70 (Figure 2) in the ropeless governor system, displacing the link mechanism 104 to place the brake 151 in a braking state.

In Figure 3, the guide member that guides the brake 151 and the elastic body (such as a spring) that presses the brake 151 and the guide portion are omitted from the illustration.

The link mechanism 104 has a link shaft 140 driven by the electric operator 103 and a lifting rod 141 linked to the link shaft 140 in an interlocking manner, and the lifting rod 141 is lifted in response to the operation of the electric operator 103. As a result, when the brake shoe 151 attached to the lifting rod 141 is lifted, the brake shoe 151 clamps the car guide rails ("2A, 2B" in Figure 2).

Figure 4 is a front view of the car 4 and the electric emergency stop device 100, showing another example of the schematic configuration of the electric emergency stop device 100 in this embodiment.

In the example of Figure 4, the electric operator 103 is arranged at the bottom of the car 4. The configuration and operation of the electric safety device 100 are similar to those in the example of Figure 3.

Next, the speed detection means in the safety control device 70 (Figure 2) that constitutes the ropeless governor system of this embodiment will be explained using Figure 5.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing an example of an image of the exposed surface of the car guide rail 2A (Figure 2).

Figure 5 shows image I(t) at time t and image I(t+Δt) at time t+Δt (Δt: frame period) acquired by a non-contact speed detector 60 (image sensor) (Figures 1 and 2). Both are images of the exposed surface of the steel material that constitutes the guide rail 2A, and show a brightness distribution pattern that indicates the unevenness distribution on the exposed surface of the steel material. Note that the car 4 is descending between time t and time t+Δt.

Since the car 4 is moving, as shown in FIG. 5, an image shift d occurs between image I(t) and image I(t+Δt). In FIG. 5, since the car 4 is descending, an image shift d occurs in the upward direction in the image frame. In this embodiment, this image shift d is calculated by comparing image I(t) and image I(t+Δt) using an image correlation method. In this case, image I(t) or a part of it is moved by a predetermined amount in the longitudinal direction of the guide rail 2A in the image frame, and the correlation function value between the moved image I(t) and image I(t+Δt) is calculated. The total movement amount of image I(t) when the correlation function value is maximum is set to be the image shift d.

The image shift d corresponds to the amount of movement of the car 4 in time Δt (the amount of descent in Figure 5). Therefore, the speed v of the car can be measured from the image shift d and time Δt (v = d/Δt).

In addition, the direction in which the image shifts in the image frame indicates the direction of movement (upward or downward) of the car 4. Therefore, if the positive or negative value of the image shift is set according to the direction in which the image shifts, for example, the downward direction (upward direction) is positive and the upward direction (downward direction) is negative, then the image shift d can be calculated every Δt and integrated with the car position at the time of start-up to measure the car position at the current time.

It is preferable that the car guide rail is surface-finished by polishing or the like to create an uneven surface. It is also preferable that the non-contact speed detector 60 (image sensor) is equipped with a light source that illuminates the surface of the car guide rail 2A. This improves the measurement accuracy of the car position.

Next, an example configuration of the non-contact position detection device 200 (Figures 1 and 2) will be explained using Figures 6 and 7.

Figure 6 is a side view of a part of the car 4 and a part of the landing, showing an example of a schematic configuration of the non-contact type position detection device 200 in this embodiment. In Figure 6, the car 4 has landed on the floor and is stopped.

As shown in Fig. 6, the moving part 200A of the non-contact position detection device 200 is fixed to the lower part of a threshold 81 for the car door 80 provided on the car 4. The fixed part 200B of the non-contact position detection device 200 is fixed to the lower part of a threshold 91 for the hall door 90 provided on the hall 400.

In the example of Figure 6, either a photoelectric sensor (light emitting unit) or a magnetic sensor is applied as the moving unit 200A. When the moving unit 200A is a photoelectric sensor (light emitting unit) or a magnetic sensor, a photoelectric sensor (light receiving unit) and a magnet are applied as the fixed unit 200B, respectively.

Figure 7 is a side view of a part of the car 4 and a part of the landing, showing another example of the schematic configuration of the non-contact type position detection device 200 in this embodiment. In Figure 7, the car 4 has landed on the floor and is stopped.

As shown in Fig. 7, the moving part 200A of the non-contact position detection device 200 is fixed to the lower part of the threshold 81 for the car door 80 provided on the car 4 via the support part 201. The fixed part 200B of the non-contact position detection device 200 is formed of a plate-shaped member and is fixed to the lower part of the threshold 91 for the hall door 90 provided on the hall 400.

In the example of Figure 7, the moving part 200A is either a photoelectric sensor (light receiving/emitting part), an induction type displacement sensor or proximity sensor, or a capacitive displacement sensor or proximity sensor. When the moving part 200A is a photoelectric sensor (light receiving/emitting part), a reflector is applied as the fixed part 200B. When the moving part 200A is an induction type displacement sensor or proximity sensor, a magnetic plate is applied as the fixed part 200B. When the moving part 200A is a capacitive type displacement sensor or proximity sensor, a conductive plate is applied as the fixed part 200B.

According to the above embodiment, the non-contact position detection device 200 provided adjacent to the car door threshold and the landing door threshold, and the electric emergency stop device 100 operated by a ropeless governor system equipped with a non-contact speed detector 60, reduce the amount of equipment in the tower arranged in the hoistway. Furthermore, in the hoistway 1, of the spaces SP1 and SP2 located on both sides of the car guide rail 2A and the spaces SP3 and SP4 located on both sides of the car guide rail 2B, the hoist 3 and counterweight 50 are arranged in one space (space SP2 in FIG. 2), and the control panel is arranged in the other space (space SP1 in FIG. 2). As a result, there is room for reduction in the remaining spaces (spaces SP3 and SP4 in FIG. 2), and it becomes possible to permanently install dedicated maintenance equipment (pit ladder 300 in FIG. 2).

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, but includes various modified examples. For example, the above-described embodiments have been described in detail to clearly explain the present invention, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to those having all of the configurations described. In addition, some of the configurations of the embodiments may be deleted, other configurations may be added, or other configurations may be replaced.

For example, the control panel 30 may be divided and arranged into space SP1 and space SP5.

1 Hoistway, 1A, 1B, 1C Hoistway wall, 2A, 2B Car guide rail, 2C, 2D Counterweight guide rail, 3 Hoist, 3A Sheave, 3B Machine beam, 4 Car, 4A, 4B Car under pulley, 20 Rail bracket, 30 Control panel, 40 Main rope, 50 Counterweight, 50A Pulley, 60 Non-contact speed detector, 70 Safety control device, 80 Cage door, 81 Threshold, 90 Landing door, 91 Threshold, 100 Electric emergency stop device, 103 Electric operator, 104 Link mechanism, 140 Link shaft, 141 Lifting rod, 151 Brake, 200 Non-contact position detection device, 200A Moving part, 200B Fixed part, 300 Pit ladder, 400 Landing, 600 tail cord, 601 tail cord support member

Claims (7)

In an elevator in which a hoist and a control panel are provided in a hoistway,
A non-contact type position detection device that detects a position of a car and is provided adjacent to a car door threshold and a landing door threshold;
An electric emergency stop device operated by a ropeless governor system equipped with a non-contact type speed detector;
Equipped with
The elevator includes a first space and a second space located on both sides of a first guide rail that guides the elevator car, and a third space and a fourth space located on both sides of a second guide rail that guides the elevator car,
The control panel is provided in one of the first space, the second space, the third space, and the fourth space, and the hoist and the counterweight are provided in the other space,
An elevator, characterized in that dedicated maintenance equipment is permanently installed in a space other than the one space and the other one space among the first space, the second space, the third space, and the fourth space . In the elevator according to claim 1,
An elevator characterized in that the control panel is provided in the first space, and the hoist and the counterweight are provided in the second space. In an elevator in which a hoist and a control panel are provided in a hoistway,
A non-contact type position detection device that detects a position of a car and is provided adjacent to a car door threshold and a landing door threshold;
An electric emergency stop device operated by a ropeless governor system equipped with a non-contact type speed detector;
Equipped with
The elevator includes a first space and a second space located on both sides of a first guide rail that guides the elevator car, and a third space and a fourth space located on both sides of a second guide rail that guides the elevator car,
The control panel is provided in one of the first space, the second space, the third space, and the fourth space, and the hoist and the counterweight are provided in the other space,
The control panel is provided in the first space, and the hoist and the counterweight are provided in the second space,
An elevator characterized in that dedicated maintenance equipment is permanently installed in the fourth space . In the elevator according to claim 3 ,
An elevator characterized in that the dedicated maintenance equipment is a pit ladder provided near the bottom of the elevator shaft. In the elevator according to claim 4 ,
The fourth space is closer to a landing than the third space. In the elevator according to claim 1,
The counterweight is located below the hoist,
An elevator, characterized in that the hoist and the counterweight are arranged so as to overlap each other when viewed from above the hoistway. In the elevator according to claim 1,
An elevator characterized in that the control panel and the hoist are provided near the top of the elevator shaft.

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