JP7651438B2 - Earthquake-resistant wall structure and earthquake-resistant wall construction method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a seismic wall and a method for constructing the same.

In recent years, wood materials have been widely used in structures from the perspectives of carbon fixation, wellness, and design, and are increasingly being applied to earthquake-resistant walls such as CLT (Cross Laminated Timber) and LVL (Laminated Veneer Lumber).

When applying wooden materials to earthquake-resistant walls, a conventional method is to use metal fittings such as steel drift pins and bolts to join wooden planks to steel plates protruding from the framework.

Patent Document 1 also discloses a seismic wall in which a pair of wooden plates are pressed together with a steel member protruding from a beam between them, and roughened sections are formed on the surface of the steel members, and the wooden members and steel members are joined by fitting the roughened sections into the wooden members.

JP 2018-204397 A

Conventional earthquake-resistant walls have a problem in that it is difficult to ensure high strength and toughness because the strength is determined by the brittle fracture of the wood material near the joints between the wood material and the steel plate. The earthquake-resistant wall in Patent Document 1 also has a similar problem because it uses steel members only in the joints.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above problems, and its purpose is to provide a seismic wall etc. that can easily ensure high strength and toughness.

The first invention for achieving the above-mentioned object is a seismic wall structure comprising a steel plate arranged from the upper end to the lower end of a seismic wall, and a pair of wooden boards arranged to sandwich the steel plate from the front and back, the upper and lower ends of the steel plate are bolted to connecting plates protruding from the upper and lower frame members, the pair of wooden boards are placed with their lower ends in contact with the lower frame member, a notch is formed in the steel plate side surface of the lower ends of the pair of wooden boards, the joint between the lower end of the steel plate and the connecting plate protruding from the lower frame member is contained within the notch, and the steel plate side surfaces of the pair of wooden boards not formed with the notch are joined so as to be pressed against the steel plate.

In the earthquake-resistant wall structure of the present invention, a steel plate arranged from the upper end to the lower end of the earthquake-resistant wall is joined to the joining plates of the upper and lower frame materials, and the steel plate is sandwiched between a pair of wooden boards and pressed from the front and back by these wooden boards. The earthquake resistance of the earthquake-resistant wall is mainly realized by the steel plate, and the buckling of the steel plate due to horizontal shear deformation of the earthquake-resistant wall is restrained by the pair of wooden boards, so that high strength and toughness can be easily ensured even though it is an earthquake-resistant wall with a design that exposes wood. In addition, the steel plate is arranged from the upper end to the lower end of the earthquake-resistant wall, and the joining parts of the steel plate and the joining plates are joined by bolts that are generally used in steel-frame construction, so the total number of members can be reduced and construction is easy.

Furthermore, a notch may be formed on the surface of the upper ends of the pair of wooden boards facing the steel plate, and the joint between the upper end of the steel plate and the joint plate protruding from the upper frame material may be accommodated within the notch .

The plurality of steel plates may be arranged so that they partially overlap each other.
By stacking multiple steel plates, the overall shape of the steel plates can be varied, improving design freedom. In addition, each steel plate can be made smaller and have a simpler shape, which improves transportability and ease of construction and increases the yield when cutting the steel plates from the base material.

A plurality of the steel plates may be arranged overlapping each other in an X-shape, and the steel plates may be joined together at the overlapping portions.
With this, by fixing one of the steel plates that bears the compressive force during shear deformation of the earthquake-resistant wall to the other steel plate, the buckling length of the one of the steel plates can be shortened, thereby suppressing buckling.

A second invention is a method for constructing an earthquake-resistant wall having a pair of wooden boards and a steel plate, comprising: a step (a) of erecting a steel plate spanning from the upper to lower ends of the earthquake-resistant wall between upper and lower frame members and bolting the upper and lower ends of the steel plate to connecting plates protruding from the upper and lower frame members; and a step (b ) of arranging a pair of wooden boards so as to sandwich the steel plate from the front and back and joining the pair of wooden boards so as to press them against the steel plate, wherein a notch is formed in the surface of the lower end of the pair of wooden boards facing the steel plate, and in step (b), the pair of wooden boards are placed with their lower ends in contact with the frame member below, the joint between the lower end of the steel plate and the connecting plate protruding from the frame member below is accommodated in the notch, and the surface of the pair of wooden boards facing the steel plate without the notch is joined so as to be pressed against the steel plate .

The second invention is a method for constructing an earthquake-resistant wall according to the first invention. In the second invention, the joining work between the steel plate and the joining plate can be performed before the wooden boards are arranged, so that the construction is easy.

The present invention provides earthquake-resistant walls and other structures that can easily ensure high strength and toughness.

A diagram showing a seismic wall 6. An example in which notches 23 are provided at the top and bottom ends of a wooden board 2. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a method of constructing a seismic wall 6. 1A to 1C are diagrams showing variations of steel plate 1. 1A to 1C are diagrams showing variations of steel plate 1. A diagram showing a seismic wall 6a. A diagram showing a method of constructing a seismic wall 6a. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the configuration of a steel plate 1 and a wooden plate 2. FIG. A diagram showing the earthquake-resistant wall 6b. An example of joining steel plates 1 together.

The following describes in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings.

[First embodiment]
(1. Earthquake-resistant wall 6)
Figures 1(a) and (b) are diagrams showing a seismic wall 6 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1(a) is a diagram showing the wall surface of the seismic wall 6. Figure 1(b) is a diagram showing the seismic wall 6 as seen from the side in the beam axis direction, and corresponds to the cross section taken along line A-A in Figure 1(a). The beam axis direction corresponds to the left-right direction in Figure 1(a).

The earthquake-resistant wall 6 is a wall member having a steel plate 1 and a pair of wooden boards 2, and is arranged between upper and lower beams 3, which are the framework (frame) material of the structure. The beams 3 are, for example, steel beams, but are not limited to this and may be made of RC (reinforced concrete), SRC (steel reinforced concrete), wood, etc.

As shown in FIG. 1(c), the earthquake-resistant wall 6 is constructed by placing a pair of wooden boards 2 at the front and rear with a steel plate 1 sandwiched between them. The front-to-rear direction corresponds to the normal direction of the wall surface of the earthquake-resistant wall 6. Also, the steel plate 1 and wooden board 2 in FIG. 1(c) are only shown in outline, and the detailed configuration of the steel plate 1 and wooden board 2 (for example, the notch 23 in the wooden board 2 described below) is omitted.

The steel plate 1 is a steel plate-like member with an X-shaped surface, and is arranged over approximately the entire height of the earthquake-resistant wall 6 from the upper end to the lower end. The upper and lower ends of the steel plate 1 are joined to steel joint plates 31 that protrude from the upper and lower beams 3. The joint plate 31 protrudes downward from the upper beam 3, and the joint plate 31 protrudes upward from the lower beam 3.

The joining plates 31 between the upper end of the steel plate 1 and the upper beam 3, and between the lower end of the steel plate 1 and the lower beam 3 are joined with bolts. The joining plates 31 between the upper and lower ends of the steel plate 1 and the upper and lower beams 3 are provided with holes (not shown) for inserting bolts.

In this embodiment, the upper end of the steel plate 1 is butted against the connecting plate 31 of the upper beam 3, and splice plates 5 that straddle the steel plate 1 and the connecting plate 31 are placed in front of and behind the steel plate 1 and the connecting plate 31. These splice plates 5 are then fastened together, sandwiching the steel plate 1 and the connecting plate 31, with fasteners 4 consisting of high-strength bolts and nuts. This results in a bolted connection between the upper end of the steel plate 1 and the connecting plate 31 of the upper beam 3. The lower end of the steel plate 1 and the connecting plate 31 of the lower beam 3 are also bolted in the same way, thereby fixing the steel plate 1 to the upper and lower beams 3.

The wooden boards 2 are planar wooden materials with rectangular board surfaces. The wooden boards 2 on the front and rear of the steel plate 1 are fastened together using fasteners 25 such as bolts and nuts. This allows the pair of wooden boards 2 to be pressed against the steel plate 1 and joined together.

The fastener 25 is positioned to avoid the steel plate 1, and a hole (not shown) for inserting a bolt is provided in the wooden board 2 at that position.

At the lower end of the wooden board 2, a notch 23 is formed on the surface facing the steel plate 1, and the joint between the lower end of the steel plate 1 and the joint plate 31 of the lower beam 3 is housed within this notch 23. This makes the joint hidden so that it cannot be seen from the outside.

In this embodiment, the joint between the upper end of the steel plate 1 and the joint plate 31 of the upper beam 3 is exposed above the wooden board 2, but this is because the joint is hidden in the ceiling space above the ceiling surface (not shown). However, as shown in FIG. 2, a notch 23 similar to that at the lower end may be provided at the upper end of the wooden board 2 so that the joint is accommodated within the notch 23. Alternatively, the notch 23 may not be provided and the joint may be exposed above and below the wooden board 2. In the example of FIG. 2, a protrusion 21 that protrudes toward the other wooden board 2 is provided at the position of the fastener 25 on one wooden board 2, and the protrusion 21 is abutted against the other wooden board 2. The protrusion 21 may be formed by attaching a member made of wood, iron, plastic, rubber, or the like, separate from the wooden board 2 to the wooden board 2, or may be formed integrally with the wooden board 2 by notching the wooden board 2 itself.

(2. Construction method of earthquake-resistant wall 6)
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing a method for constructing an earthquake-resistant wall 6. To construct an earthquake-resistant wall 6, first, as shown in Fig. 3(a), the upper and lower ends of a steel plate 1 are joined to joining plates 31 provided on upper and lower beams 3 as shown in Fig. 3(b). The joining method is as described above, and bolt joining is performed using fasteners 4 such as high-strength bolts and splice plates 5. The number and arrangement of the high-strength bolts are determined so that the earthquake-resistant wall 6 can exert sufficient strength.

Next, as shown by the arrows in Figure 3(c), a pair of wooden boards 2 are erected so as to sandwich the steel plate 1 from the front and back. These wooden boards 2 are positioned so that the notches 23 at their lower ends face the steel plate 1, and the joint between the lower end of the steel plate 1 and the joint plate 31 of the lower beam 3 is housed within the notches 23.

After that, as shown in Figures 1(a) and (b), a pair of front and rear wooden boards 2 are fastened together using fasteners 25 such as bolts, and these wooden boards 2 are joined by pressing them against the steel plate 1. If necessary, holes (not shown) in the wooden boards 2 through which the bolts passed are blocked with a blocking material such as a wooden plug, and the earthquake-resistant wall 6 is completed.

As described above, in the first embodiment of the earthquake-resistant wall 6, the steel plate 1 arranged from the upper end to the lower end of the earthquake-resistant wall 6 is joined to the joining plates 31 of the upper and lower beams 3, and the steel plate 1 is sandwiched between a pair of wooden boards 2 from the front and back, and these wooden boards 2 press the steel plate 1 from the front and back.

The earthquake resistance of the earthquake-resistant wall 6 is mainly achieved by the steel plate 1, and the buckling of the steel plate 1 due to horizontal shear deformation in the in-plane direction of the earthquake-resistant wall 6 is restrained by a pair of wooden boards 2. If the steel plate 1 were not sandwiched between the wooden boards 2, there would be a concern that the load would decrease due to the buckling of the steel plate 1 when horizontal shear deformation occurs in the earthquake-resistant wall 6. However, in the earthquake-resistant wall 6 in which the steel plate 1 is sandwiched between the wooden boards 2 to stiffen it, the steel plate 1 is restrained and buckling is suppressed, so the steel plate 1 resists horizontal forces and exhibits stable behavior by plasticizing, making it easy to ensure high strength and toughness.

The steel plate 1 is placed from the upper end to the lower end of the earthquake-resistant wall 6, and the joint between the steel plate 1 and the joint plate 31 is bolted, as is commonly used in steel-frame construction, so the total number of components can be reduced and construction is simple. In this embodiment, the joint is placed within a notch 23 formed in the wooden board 2, which hides the joint and exposes the wood, improving the design.

However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, various arrangements and shapes of the steel plates 1 are possible. For example, as shown in FIG. 4(a), two strip-shaped steel plates 1 may be arranged overlapping each other in an X-shape. The method of joining each steel plate 1 to the joining plate 31 is the same as described above. Also, as shown in FIG. 4(b), the steel plate 1 may be V-shaped, or as shown in FIG. 4(c), the steel plate 1 may be rectangular. Also, as shown in FIG. 4(d), multiple strip-shaped steel plates 1 may be arranged side by side.

In particular, by arranging multiple steel plates 1 so that they partially overlap, as shown in Figure 4 (a), the overall shape of the steel plates 1 can be varied, improving design freedom. In addition, each steel plate 1 can be made smaller and have a simpler shape, which improves transportability and workability and also improves the yield when cutting the steel plates from the base material.

For example, as shown in the left diagram of FIG. 5(a), it is possible to stack three strip-shaped steel plates 1 in an X-shape by sandwiching the front and rear of a steel plate 1 between a pair of steel plates 1. In this case, with regard to the joining of the pair of steel plates 1 to the joining plate 31, as shown in the right diagram, the joining plate 31 protruding from the beam 3 can be sandwiched between the pair of steel plates 1 at the front and rear, and these steel plates 1 can be fastened together by sandwiching the joining plate 31 with fasteners 4 such as high-strength bolts.

As shown in the left diagram of FIG. 5(b), two strip-shaped steel plates 1 can also be arranged in a V-shape. In this case, the two steel plates 1 overlap each other at the tip of the V-shape, and as for the joining of this overlapping portion to the beam 3, as shown in the right diagram, the overlapping portion can be sandwiched between a pair of joining plates 31 protruding from the beam 3, and these joining plates 31 can be fastened by fastening the overlapping portion with fasteners 4 such as high-strength bolts. Alternatively, as shown in the right diagram of FIG. 5(a), the joining plate 31 protruding from the beam 3 can be sandwiched between two steel plates 1, and these steel plates 1 can be fastened by sandwiching the joining plates 31.

As shown generally in the left diagram of Figure 5(c), it is also possible to combine two V-shaped steel plates 1 above and below to form an overall X-shape. The upper and lower steel plates 1 can be joined by bolting using fasteners 4 such as high-strength bolts and splice plates 5, as shown in the cross section in the wall thickness direction in the right diagram. The joint can be hidden by forming a notch 26 in advance on the surface of the wood board 2 facing the steel plate 1 to accommodate the joint.

Below, other examples of the present invention will be described as the second and third embodiments. Each embodiment will be described with respect to the differences from the previously described embodiments, and similar configurations will be given the same reference numerals in the figures and the like, and the description will be omitted. In addition, the configurations described in each embodiment, including the first embodiment, can be combined as necessary.

Second Embodiment
6(a) to 6(c) are views showing a second embodiment of an earthquake-resistant wall 6a in the same manner as in Fig. 1(a) to 1(c), and Fig. 6(b) corresponds to the cross section taken along line B-B in Fig. 6(a). The earthquake-resistant wall 6a of the second embodiment differs from the earthquake-resistant wall 6 of the first embodiment mainly in that it is composed of a combination of units in which a steel plate 1 is fixed in advance to a wooden board 2 by gluing or the like.

The units are arranged so that the steel plates 1 face each other. As for the joining of the steel plates 1 of each unit to the joining plates 31, as shown in the right diagram of Figure 5 (a), the joining plates 31 protruding from the beams 3 can be sandwiched between the steel plates 1 of each unit, and these steel plates 1 can be fastened together by sandwiching the joining plates 31 with fasteners 4 such as high-strength bolts.

As shown in Figures 6(a) and (b), a work hole 27 is formed at the lower end of the wooden board 2 at a position corresponding to the steel plate 1, penetrating the wooden board 2 from front to rear, and the notch 23 is omitted in this embodiment.

When constructing the earthquake-resistant wall 6a, as shown in FIG. 7(b), a unit of steel plate 1 and wooden board 2 is erected from the front and back onto the joining plates 31 provided on the upper and lower beams 3 as shown in FIG. 7(a). At this time, the upper and lower ends of the steel plate 1 of the unit erected earlier are temporarily joined to the joining plates 31 of the upper and lower beams 3 with bolts and nuts, thereby temporarily fixing the unit. As holes for inserting the bolts, holes dedicated to temporary joining can be provided separately in the steel plate 1 and the joining plates 31, but the holes for actual joining can also be used for temporary joining.

Then, the upper and lower ends of the steel plates 1 of each unit are joined (full joining) to the joining plates 31 of the upper and lower beams 3 as described above. The work holes 27 are formed to facilitate the temporary joining and full joining work, and are later blocked with a blocking material (not shown).

After this, the procedure is the same as in the first embodiment, and the wooden boards 2 of each unit are fastened together using fasteners 25 such as bolts as shown in FIG. 6. This joins the pair of wooden boards 2 together by pressing them against the steel plate 1, and the earthquake-resistant wall 6a is constructed.

In the second embodiment, the steel plate 1 arranged from the upper end to the lower end of the earthquake-resistant wall 6a is joined to the joining plates 31 of the upper and lower beams 3, and the steel plate 1 is sandwiched between a pair of wooden boards 2 from the front and back, and pressed against the steel plate 1 from the front and back by these wooden boards 2, thereby achieving the same effect as in the first embodiment.

In the second embodiment, the wooden board 2 and the steel plate 1 are integrated into a unit in advance, so that construction can be completed in a short period of time. On the other hand, in the first embodiment, the joining work between the steel plate 1 and the joining plate 31 can be performed before the wooden board 2 is placed, which has the advantage of making construction easier.

In the second embodiment, the earthquake-resistant wall 6a is formed by a pair of units in which the steel plate 1 is integrated with the wooden board 2, but only one of the wooden boards 2 may be a unit in which the steel plate 1 is fixed. In this case, the unit is erected first, and the upper and lower ends of the steel plate 1 are joined to the joining plates 31 of the upper and lower beams 3 using fasteners 4 and splice plates 5 as in FIG. 1(b), and then the other wooden board 2 is erected and the pair of front and rear wooden boards 2 are fastened together with fasteners 25.

In the second embodiment, the shape of the steel plate 1 is not limited, and for example, the steel plate 1 of each unit may be rectangular as shown in FIG. 8(a). Also, as shown in FIG. 8(b), two strip-shaped steel plates 1 that form a V shape as a whole may be integrated with the respective wooden boards 2 of each unit so that the two steel plates 1 overlap at the tip of the V shape.

In this embodiment, a work hole 27 is formed in the wooden board 2 of each unit, but by fixing a high-strength bolt to the steel plate 1 of one of the units in advance, it is possible to omit the work hole 27 in the wooden board 2 of that unit.

[Third embodiment]
9(a) and (b) are views showing a third embodiment of an earthquake-resistant wall 6b, similar to Figs. 1(a) and (c). The earthquake-resistant wall 6b of the third embodiment is mainly different from the second embodiment in that the belt-shaped steel plates 1 fixed to the wooden boards 2 of each unit are overlapped in an X-shape, and the overlapping portions are joined.

Figure 9(c) shows a cross section of this joint in the wall thickness direction. In this embodiment, the steel plates 1 of each unit are fastened and joined together by fasteners 7 consisting of high-strength bolts and nuts. In addition, work holes 28 are formed in the wooden boards 2 of each unit at positions corresponding to the above-mentioned joints.

The upper and lower ends of the steel plate 1 of each unit are joined to the joining plates 31 of the upper and lower beams 3 as in FIG. 1(b), and the lower end of the wooden board 2 of each unit has a working hole 27, similar to that of the second embodiment, formed at a position that corresponds to the lower end of the steel plate 1 of that unit.

The construction method of the earthquake-resistant wall 6b is basically the same as in the second embodiment, but in this embodiment, after each unit is erected, the overlapping parts of the steel plates 1 of each unit are fastened with fasteners 7 using the work holes 28. After the work, the work holes 28 are closed with a plugging material such as a wooden plug.

In the third embodiment, the steel plate 1 arranged from the upper end to the lower end of the earthquake-resistant wall 6b is joined to the joining plates 31 of the upper and lower beams 3, and the steel plate 1 is sandwiched between a pair of wooden boards 2 from the front and back, and pressed against the steel plate 1 from the front and back by these wooden boards 2, thereby achieving the same effect as in the first embodiment.

In the third embodiment, the overlapping portions of the steel plates 1 of each unit are joined by fasteners 7. When horizontal shear forces occur in the frame due to an earthquake or the like, a compressive force occurs in one of the steel plates 1 of each unit, and a tensile force occurs in the other. However, by joining the steel plates 1 together as described above and fixing one of the steel plates 1 to the other steel plate 1, the buckling length of the one of the steel plates 1 becomes the distance from the upper or lower end of the steel plate 1 to the joint, which is shortened, and the buckling can be suppressed. This structure in which the steel plate 1 is less likely to buckle is particularly useful when the height of the earthquake-resistant wall 6b is large. If necessary, it is also possible to join a pair of steel plates 1 together by fasteners 7 with another steel plate sandwiched between them.

The third embodiment can also be applied to cases where the steel plate 1 and the wooden board 2 are not unitized as in the first embodiment. In this case, the overlapping parts of the steel plates 1 arranged in an X-shape can be fastened with fasteners 7 as shown in FIG. 10. The wooden board 2 that is then erected can be made to hide the joint by forming a notch 29 in advance on the surface facing the steel plate 1 to accommodate the joint.

The above describes preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the attached drawings, but the present invention is not limited to such examples. It is clear that a person skilled in the art can come up with various modified or revised examples within the scope of the technical ideas disclosed in this application, and it is understood that these also naturally fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

1: Steel plate 2: Wooden plate 3: Beams 6, 6a, 6b: Earthquake-resistant wall 31: Joint plate

Claims (5)

A steel plate disposed from the upper end to the lower end of the seismic wall;
A pair of wooden boards arranged to sandwich the steel plate from the front and back;
Equipped with
The upper and lower ends of the steel plate are bolted to connecting plates protruding from the upper and lower frame members,
The pair of wooden boards are placed on the lower frame member with their lower ends in contact with each other,
A notch is formed on the surface of the lower end of the pair of wooden boards facing the steel plate, and a joint between the lower end of the steel plate and the joint plate protruding from the lower frame material is accommodated in the notch,
A seismic wall structure characterized in that the surfaces of the pair of wooden boards facing the steel plate on which the notches are not formed are joined so as to be pressed against the steel plate. The earthquake-resistant wall structure according to claim 1, further characterized in that a notch is formed on the surface of the upper ends of the pair of wooden boards facing the steel plate, and the joint between the upper end of the steel plate and the joint plate protruding from the upper frame material is accommodated within the notch . 3. The earthquake-resistant wall structure according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said steel plates are arranged so that they partially overlap each other. 4. The earthquake-resistant wall structure according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of said steel plates are arranged overlapping each other in an X-shape, and said steel plates are joined together at the overlapping portions. A method for constructing a seismic wall having a pair of wood boards and a steel plate, comprising the steps of:
A process (a) of erecting a steel plate extending from the upper end to the lower end of the seismic wall between upper and lower frame members and bolting the upper and lower ends of the steel plate to connecting plates protruding from the upper and lower frame members;
A step (b) of placing a pair of wood boards so as to sandwich the steel plate from the front and rear and joining the pair of wood boards so as to press the pair of wood boards against the steel plate;
Equipped with
A notch is formed on the surface of the lower end of the pair of wooden boards facing the steel plate,
In step (b), the pair of wooden boards are placed on the lower frame member with their lower ends in contact with each other, and the joint between the lower end of the steel plate and the joint plate protruding from the lower frame member is accommodated in the notch;
A method for constructing an earthquake-resistant wall, comprising joining the pair of wooden boards by pressing the surfaces of the pair of wooden boards facing the steel plate on which the notches are not formed against the steel plate .

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