JP7653854B2 - Insulated structure - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a thermal insulation structure.

For example, in the case of building ceilings, there is a girder insulation method in which plywood is laid on top of the girder and then insulation material is laid on top of that (Patent Document 1). Insulation material may also be placed on the underside of the plywood. However, this type of insulation method requires the time-consuming task of cutting the insulation material on-site.

JP 2000-213074 A

The present invention aims to provide a building material panel that can be easily installed on-site without producing waste material in a ceiling or attic insulation construction method, and an insulation structure that uses the building material panel.

The present invention has the following aspects.
[1] A building material panel comprising: a wooden board; a joist arranged on one side of the board; and insulation arranged along the joist on both sides of the width of the joist on one side of the board, the building material panel being installed between cross members in a roof truss or in the attic so that the insulation is positioned inside the room relative to the board.
[2] A building material panel as described in [1], in which an airtight gasket is arranged along the outer periphery of the board, outside the joists and the insulation on one side of the board.
[3] The building material panel according to [1] or [2], wherein the insulating material has a thermal conductivity of 0.021 W/m·K or less.
[4] An insulating structure in which a building material panel described in any one of [1] to [3] is installed between cross members in a rafter or between ascending beams in an attic, so that the insulating material is positioned inside the room relative to the board material.
[5] A first building material panel and a second building material panel are installed in a pair next to each other on any one of the frames between the cross members or the ascending beams, and the first building material panel further has, on one side of the plate, in addition to the joists and the insulation materials provided on both sides of them, a joist adjacent to the insulation material along the edge on the second building material panel side, and airtight gaskets are arranged on the outside of the joists and the insulation material on one side of the plate along all edges of the outer periphery of the plate except for the edge on the second building material panel side, and the second building material panel has airtight gaskets arranged on the outside of the joists and the insulation material on one side of the plate along all edges of the outer periphery of the plate except for the edge on the first building material panel side.
[6] An insulating structure as described in [4] or [5], in which one building material panel is installed for any one of the frames between the cross members or the ascending beams, and the building material panel has airtight gaskets arranged along all edges of the outer periphery of the board on the outside of the joists and the insulating material on one side of the board.

The present invention provides a building material panel that can be easily installed on-site without producing waste material in a ceiling or attic insulation construction method, and an insulation structure that uses the building material panel.

FIG. 2 is a bottom view of a building material panel according to an embodiment, viewed from the insulating material side. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the building material panel of FIG. 1 along line AA. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the building material panel of FIG. 1 taken along line B-B. FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the building material panel of FIG. 1 installed between cross members. This is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC of FIG. This is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D of FIG. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing building material panels according to another example of the embodiment, in which FIG. 7A is a bottom view of a first building material panel, and FIG. 7B is a bottom view of a second building material panel. 8 is a plan view showing the first building material panel and the second building material panel of FIG. 7 installed between cross members. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line E-E of FIG.

The building material panel of the present invention is a panel used for heat insulation construction in ceilings and attics.
The building material panel of the present invention includes a wooden board, a joist arranged on one side of the board, and a heat insulating material arranged along the joist on both sides of the one side of the board in the width direction. The building material panel of the present invention is installed on a ceiling or attic so that the heat insulating material is arranged inside the room relative to the board.

[First embodiment]
(Construction panels)
A building panel 1 according to a first embodiment is shown in Figs.
In addition, the dimensions of the figures illustrated in the following description are merely examples, and the present invention is not necessarily limited to them, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope that does not change the gist of the present invention.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the building panel 1 comprises a wooden board 10, a joist 12 arranged on one first surface 10a of the board 10, and a first insulating material 14 and a second insulating material 16 arranged along the joist 12 on both sides of the width of the joist 12 on the first surface 10a of the board 10.

The plate material 10 is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, a single plate or a plywood made up of two or more plates.
The planar shape of the plate material 10 can be appropriately determined according to the frame shape between the cross members or ascending beams to be installed, and is typically a rectangular shape such as a square or a rectangle.

The dimensions of the plate material 10 can be optimized as appropriate through trial and error. For example, in the case of a rectangular shape, the width can be set to 260 to 1000 mm, and the length to 870 to 2000 mm.
The thickness of the plate material 10 can be set appropriately and can be, for example, 9 mm or more, and can be 9 to 12 mm.

In the example of Fig. 1, a columnar joist 12 is arranged in the widthwise center of the first surface 10a of the board 10 along the length of the board 10. By arranging the joist 12 on the first surface 10a of the board 10, the strength of the building material panel 1 is increased.
In this example, the cross-sectional shape perpendicular to the length direction of the joists 12 is rectangular. Note that the cross-sectional shape of the joists 12 is not limited to a rectangle, and may be, for example, a trapezoid, a circle, or the like.

The width of the joists 12 can be set appropriately and can be, for example, 30 to 50 mm.
The length of the joists 12 can be appropriately set in accordance with the length of the board material 10, and can be, for example, 870 to 1885 mm.
The height of the joist 12, i.e., the distance between the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the joist 12 in the thickness direction of the board material 10, can be set appropriately depending on the thicknesses of the first insulation material 14 and the second insulation material 16, and can be, for example, 45 to 105 mm.

In this example, the joists 12 are fixed to the boards 10 by driving a plurality of nails 20 along the length of the joists 12. The nails 20 are all driven into the center of the width of the joists 12 at regular intervals along the length of the joists 12.
The pitch between the nails driven into the joists 12 may be appropriately set within a range that allows the joists 12 to be sufficiently fixed to the board material 10, and may be, for example, 100 to 200 mm.

The first insulating material 14 can be any known insulating material used in insulating ceilings and attics, without any restrictions. The first insulating material 14 can be, for example, a rectangular insulating board with a rectangular shape in plan view. The first insulating material 14 can be a single insulating board, or a laminate of multiple insulating boards.

As the first insulating material 14, an insulating material having a thermal conductivity of 0.021 W/m·K or less is preferable, and an insulating material having a thermal conductivity of 0.019 W/m·K or less is more preferable, in order to easily reduce the thickness and weight of the building material panel 1. The thermal conductivity is measured in accordance with JIS A 1412-1 or JIS A 1412-2.
Specific examples of the first insulating material 14 include phenol foam, rigid urethane foam, polystyrene foam, glass wool, polyethylene foam, and insulation fiber, with phenol foam being preferred because it allows the building material panel 1 to be easily made thinner and lighter.

The dimensions of the first insulating material 14 can be appropriately set in accordance with the dimensions of the plate material 10. For example, in the case of a rectangle, the ratio of the width of the plate material 10 to the width of the first insulating material 14 can be set to 1.34:1 to 2.73:1, and the ratio of the length of the plate material 10 to the length of the first insulating material 14 can be set to 1.03:1 to 1.08:1.
The thickness of the first insulating material 14 can be set appropriately and can be, for example, 20 to 100 mm.

Everything stated for the first insulating material 14 also applies to the second insulating material 16 .
It is preferable that the first insulating material 14 and the second insulating material 16 have the same features, including the type and dimensions of the insulating material.

2 and 3, in this example, the first insulating material 14 and the second insulating material 16 are fixed to the plate material 10 by screwing in screws 22. It is preferable to dispose a fastener (insulating ring) 24 at the position where the screw 22 is screwed in, for firmly fixing the insulating material to the plate material by the screw 22.
The shape of the fixing device 24 may be any shape that can stably fix the insulation material to the plate material with the screws 22. For example, the description of the insulation material fixing device in JP 2016-188461 A can be referenced.

The method of fixing the first insulating material 14 and the second insulating material 16 to the plate material 10 is not limited to fixing with screws, but may be fixed with, for example, an adhesive, and it is particularly preferable to use both an adhesive and screws.
The adhesive for bonding the heat insulating material to the plate material is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include vinyl acetate resin, urethane resin, and acrylic resin. Among them, vinyl acetate resin is preferred from the viewpoint of adhesion to the plate material and workability. The adhesive for bonding the heat insulating material to the plate material may be used alone or in combination of two or more kinds.

As shown in FIG. 1 , when the building panel 1 is viewed from the joist 12 side, the board material 10 is slightly larger than the area occupied by the joist 12 , the first insulating material 14 and the second insulating material 16 .
1, an airtight packing 18 is disposed around the entire periphery of the plate material 10 on the outside of the joists 12, the first insulating material 14, and the second insulating material 16 on the first surface 10a of the plate material 10. As a result, when the building material panel 1 is installed in a frame between cross members or ascending beams, the airtight packing 18 adheres closely to the surfaces of the cross members and beams, thereby increasing the airtightness of the interior side relative to the building material panel 1.

The airtight gasket 18 may be any material that can increase airtightness by adhering closely to the cross members or beams between the cross members or in the ascending beams, and an example of this is a tape-shaped gasket.
Examples of materials for the airtight packing 18 include foamed EPDM (ethylene propylene diene rubber), polyethylene resin, and urethane resin, with foamed EPDM being preferred from the standpoint of durability and weather resistance.
The width of the airtight packing 18 can be set appropriately and can be, for example, 20 to 50 mm.

The building material panel 1 is a single panel in which the board material 10, the joists 12, the first insulation material 14, and the second insulation material 16 are integrated, so that it has a higher floor coefficient than the board material or insulation material alone, and can be included in earthquake resistance calculations.
The floor ratio of the building material panel 1 is preferably 1.0 or more, and more preferably 2.0 or more. If the floor ratio is 1.0 or more, it is advantageous in that a flint can be omitted when installing the building material panel 1. The floor ratio of the building material panel 1 may be less than 1.0.

The weight of the building panel 1 can be adjusted as appropriate depending on the material and dimensions of each component, and can be set to, for example, 15 kg or less.

The manufacturing method of the building material panel 1 is not particularly limited. For example, the joists 12 are fixed by nailing along the length of the plate 10 at the center of the width on the first surface 10a side of the plate 10. Furthermore, the first insulation material 14 and the second insulation material 16 are fixed to both sides of the joists 12 on the first surface 10a side of the plate 10 by using a combination of adhesive, screws, and fasteners. Then, a tape-shaped airtight packing 18 is attached along the outer periphery of the plate 10 to the outer peripheral end portions 11 of the joists 12, the first insulation material 14, and the second insulation material 16 on the first surface 10a of the plate 10, to obtain the building material panel 1.

(Thermal insulation structure)
In a thermal insulation structure, the building material panels are installed between the cross members in the roof truss or between the ascending beams in the attic. At this time, the building material panels are installed so that the thermal insulation material is disposed inside the room relative to the board materials. Below, as an example of a thermal insulation structure, a thermal insulation structure using the building material panel 1 will be described.

FIG. 4 shows a heat insulating structure 100 in which the building material panels 1 are installed between the cross members of the roof truss.
Between the cross members in the example shown in Figure 4, a rectangular frame 110 is formed by a plurality of cross members 112 arranged in parallel and a plurality of beams 114 arranged parallel to each other at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the cross members 112, connecting the cross members 112 to each other.

The thermal insulation structure 100 in this example is formed by fitting one building panel 1 from above into any one of the frames 110 between the cross members. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the building panel 1 has the joists 12, the first insulation material 14, and the second insulation material 16 fitted into the frame 110, and the peripheral end 11 of the plate material 10 rests on the cross members 112 and the beams 114.

As shown in Figure 4, the plate material 10 can be fixed to the cross members 112 and the beams 114 by driving multiple nails 120 at a specified interval along the peripheral edge 11 of the plate material 10. Also, as shown in Figure 5, the nails 120 can be driven diagonally from the plate material 10 side into the abutting portions between both ends of the joist 12 and the beams 114, thereby fixing both ends of the joist 12 to the beams 114.

By installing building material panels 1 on each frame 110 between the cross members in the roof truss as in the thermal insulation structure 100, the air volume of the insulated section is reduced, improving the efficiency of heating and cooling. In addition, if airtight packing 18 is provided as in the building material panels 1, the improved airtightness further increases the efficiency of heating and cooling, which is particularly advantageous in cold regions where the heating load is high.

As explained above, the thermal insulation structure 100 uses a building material panel 1 assembled from pre-cut components that are aligned with the layout of each property, so construction can be easily carried out on-site by simply fitting the building material panel 1 in place and nailing it in. In addition, because there is no need to cut boards or thermal insulation materials on-site, no waste material is generated.

[Second embodiment]
(Construction panels)
A first building material panel 2 and a second building material panel 3 according to the second embodiment are shown in Fig. 7(a) and Fig. 7(b). The first building material panel 2 and the second building material panel 3 are building material panels used in pairs. The same parts in Fig. 7 as those in Fig. 1 are given the same reference numerals and their explanations are omitted.

The first building material panel 2 is similar to the building material panel 1, except that a joist 12 is arranged instead of an airtight packing 18 on the side of the second insulation 16 opposite the first insulation 14 on the first surface 10a of the plate material 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7(a), in addition to the joist 12 and the first insulation 14 and second insulation 16 provided on both sides of the joist 12, the joist 12 is arranged adjacent to the second insulation 16 along the side of the plate material 10 on the second insulation 16 side in the width direction of the plate material 10. In the first building material panel 2, airtight packing 18 is arranged along the three sides of the first surface 10a of the plate material 10 other than the side on which the joist 12 is arranged.

The joists 12 arranged along the sides of the board material 10 in the first building material panel 2 partially protrude beyond the board material 10 on their outer widthwise sides.
It is preferable that the joists 12 arranged between the first insulation material 14 and the second insulation material 16 and the joists 12 arranged along the edges of the board 10 on the second insulation material 16 side in the width direction of the board 10 have the same shape and dimensions, but they may be different.

The second building material panel 3 is similar to the building material panel 1, except that the airtight packing 18 is not provided on the side of the first insulation 14 opposite the second insulation 16 on the first surface 10a of the plate material 10. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 7(b), the first surface 10a of the plate material 10 includes a joist 12 and a first insulation 14 and a second insulation 16 provided on both sides thereof, and airtight packing 18 is arranged along three sides of the plate material 10 in the width direction, excluding the side on the side of the first insulation 14.

The width of the portion of the joist 12 arranged along the side of the board 10 in the first building material panel 2 that protrudes from the board 10 is the same as the width of the area where the first surface 10a of the board 10 is exposed along the side of the board 10 in the second building material panel 3 where the airtight gasket 18 is not arranged.
During construction, the first building material panel 2 and the second building material panel 3 are installed between cross members or between ascending beams so that the side of the first building material panel 2 where the joists 12 protrude is butted against the side of the second building material panel 3 where the airtight packing 18 is not arranged. In other words, with the first building material panel 2 and the second building material panel 3 arranged side by side, the side of the first building material panel 2 where the joists 12 protrude is adjacent to the second building material panel, and the side of the second building material panel 3 where the airtight packing 18 is not arranged is adjacent to the first building material panel 2.

(Thermal insulation structure)
As an example of a thermal insulation structure, a thermal insulation structure 100A in which a first building material panel 2 and a second building material panel 3 are installed between cross members in a roof truss structure is shown in Figs. 8 and 9 .
Between the cross members in the example shown in Figure 8, a rectangular frame 110A is formed by a plurality of cross members 112 arranged in parallel and a plurality of beams 114 that are arranged parallel to each other at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the cross members 112 and connect the cross members 112 to each other.

8 and 9, the thermal insulation structure 100A of this example is formed by fitting a pair of a first building material panel 2 and a second building material panel 3 from above into any one of the frames 110A between the cross members. In each frame 110A, the first building material panel 2 and the second building material panel 3 are butted against each other at the side of the first building material panel 2 where the joist 12 protrudes and the side of the second building material panel 3 where the airtight packing 18 is not arranged.
In the width direction of each board 10, the protruding portion of the joist 12 in the first building material panel 2 fits within the first surface 10a of the board 10 in the second building material panel 3 and abuts against the side end surface of the first insulation material 14 of the second building material panel 3.

The plate materials 10 of each of the first building material panel 2 and the second building material panel 3 can be fixed to the cross members 112 and the beams 114 by driving multiple nails 120 at a specified interval along the peripheral edge 11. In addition, at the abutment portions between both ends of the joists 12 of the first building material panel 2 and the second building material panel 3 and the beams 114, nails 120 can be driven diagonally from the plate material 10 side to fix both ends of the joists 12 to the beams 114.

In the thermal insulation structure 100A, the first building material panel 2 and the second building material panel 3 are installed on each frame 110A between the cross members of the roof truss, thereby reducing the air volume of the thermal insulation section and increasing the efficiency of heating and cooling. Furthermore, if airtight packing 18 is provided, the improved airtightness further increases the efficiency of heating and cooling, which is advantageous in cold regions where the heating load is particularly high.
In addition, the heat-insulating structure 100A also uses building material panels assembled from pre-cut members that are aligned with the layout of each property, so construction can be easily performed on-site by simply fitting the building material panels in place and nailing them in. In addition, since there is no need to cut boards or heat-insulating materials on-site, no waste material is generated.

The building material panel and the heat insulating structure of the present invention are not limited to the aspects exemplified as the first and second embodiments.
The building material panel of the present invention does not necessarily need to be provided with an airtight packing.
The insulating structure of the present invention is not limited to a structure in which building material panels are installed between cross members in a roof truss, but may also be an insulating structure in which building material panels are installed on a frame formed between ascending beams.
In the insulating structure of the present invention, a building material panel that is installed one per frame, such as building material panel 1, may be combined with building material panels that are installed in pairs per frame, such as first building material panel 2 and second building material panel 3.
In the heat-insulating structure of the present invention, a set of three or more building material panels may be installed on any one frame between cross members or ascending beams.

In the heat-insulating structure of the present invention, the building material panel of the present invention may be used in combination with a building material panel not having a joist. Specifically, for example, a building material panel may be used in combination in which a heat-insulating material is arranged on one side of a plate material, and an airtight packing is arranged along the outer periphery of the plate material on the outside of the heat-insulating material on one side of the plate material. Such a building material panel not having a joist may be used as a building material panel to be installed in a frame when a narrow frame is formed in the design, such as at the wall edge between cross members or ascending beams.
In addition, within the scope of the invention, the components in the above-described embodiments may be replaced with well-known components, and the above-described modified examples may be combined as appropriate.

1...building material panel, 2...first building material panel, 3...second building material panel, 10...board material, 10a...first surface, 12...joist, 14...first insulation material, 16...second insulation material, 18...airtight packing, 20...nail, 22...screw, 24...fixing device (insulation ring), 100, 100A...insulation structure, 110...frame, 112...cross member, 114...beam, 120...nail.

Claims (3)

A thermal insulation structure in which a building material panel including a wooden board, a joist arranged on one side of the board, and a thermal insulation material arranged along the joist on both sides of the width direction of the joist on one side of the board is installed between cross members in a roof truss or between climbing beams in an attic so that the thermal insulation material is arranged inside the room relative to the board,
A first building material panel and a second building material panel are installed side by side in pairs for any one frame between the cross members or between the ascending beams,
An insulated structure in which the first building material panel has, on one side of the board, in addition to the joist and the insulation material provided on both sides of it, a joist adjacent to the insulation material along the edge on the second building material panel side. The first building material panel has an airtight packing arranged on the outside of the joist and the insulating material on one side of the plate material along all edges of the outer periphery of the plate material except for the edge on the second building material panel side,
The second building material panel has an airtight gasket arranged on the outside of the joists and the insulation material on one side of the board, along all edges of the outer periphery of the board except for the edge on the first building material panel side. The heat-insulating structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the heat-insulating material has a thermal conductivity of 0.021 W/m·K or less.

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