JP7657691B2 - Method for replacing choke ring of vertical crusher and vertical crusher - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for replacing choke rings in a vertical crusher that crushes discarded home appliances, bulky and non-burnable waste, metal scraps, etc., and to the vertical crusher.

Vertical crushers are used to crush waste such as large home appliances so that they can be reused as resources.

The vertical crusher is equipped with an input hood for inputting the material to be crushed, a shell located at the lower end of the input hood, a crushing mechanism that rotates around a rotation axis located at the center of the shell, a discharge ring through which the crushed material falls between the shell and the crushing mechanism, and a choke ring that is located between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring and forms a gap through which the material falls between the shell and the crushing mechanism.

The crushing mechanism is composed of a rotor that rotates around an axis and a breaker attached to the top of the rotor. The rotor is equipped with three disks arranged vertically and horizontally, and multiple crushing grinders that are supported on the outer periphery of the disks so that they can rotate freely. The material to be crushed is roughly crushed by the breaker, and then finely crushed between the shell liner attached inside the shell and the crushing grinder.

Patent Document 1 discloses a particle size adjustment device for a crusher in which a member thicker than the movable choke ring is interposed between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring, allowing each divided movable choke ring to move freely back and forth in the radial direction of the shell, and the outer ends of each movable choke ring protrude outward from both flanges, and the protruding ends of each movable choke ring are connected to the outside of the shell by a screw-type or cylinder-type jack, allowing each movable choke ring to move back and forth in the radial direction by the jack.

Patent Document 2 discloses a particle size adjustment mechanism for a crusher in which movable choke rings that can move back and forth in the radial direction are provided in multiple locations between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring, the inner peripheral edge of the movable choke rings is formed as a comb-tooth edge with multiple notches, and each movable choke ring is provided with a moving means for moving the movable choke ring back and forth in the radial direction, and a fixing means for fixing the movable choke ring integrally between the lower flange and the upper flange at a predetermined position.

The particle size adjustment mechanism is a crusher that is configured such that the movable choke ring is formed from two ring plates, an upper choke ring plate with a comb-tooth edge and a lower choke ring plate with an arc-shaped periphery, the lower choke ring plate is movably stacked on the upper choke ring plate so that the arc-shaped periphery of the lower choke ring plate overlaps with the notch in the comb-tooth edge of the upper choke ring plate at any position, a specified gap is set between the rotor and the inner peripheral end of the comb-tooth edge that is equal to or smaller than the set particle size, and the particle size can be finely adjusted.

Japanese Utility Model Application Publication No. 5-74641 JP 2003-117414 A

In both cases, the choke ring is moved forward and backward radially to adjust the size of the gap formed between the lower end of the crushing mechanism and the inner tip edge of the choke ring, thereby adjusting the particle size of the crushed material that falls from the gap into the discharge ring.

When the choke ring became worn, the lower flange of the shell was jacked up from the upper flange of the discharge ring to create a small gap between the two flanges, and the choke ring was pulled outward in the radial direction and replaced with a new choke ring.

However, when the objects to be crushed that are crushed between the shell liner and the crushing mechanism fall into the discharge ring and collide with the inner tip area of the choke ring, there have been cases where the inner tip of the choke ring becomes distorted and tilts downward over time.

In this case, even if you try to pull the distorted choke ring outward in the radial direction to replace it, the distorted area in the choke ring gets caught in the small gap formed between the two flanges, making it impossible to pull it outward in the radial direction.

A large and heavy loading hood is installed directly above the shell of the vertical crusher, and the frame of the vertical crusher is restrained by the foundation, making it difficult to jack it up until there is a sufficient gap between the two flanges.

In such cases, the heavy crushing mechanism installed inside the shell must be lifted up and removed from the shell using a hoist, after which a worker must enter the inside of the shell, pull out the choke ring radially inward through the small gap formed between the two flanges, install a new choke ring, and then reinstall the crushing mechanism inside the shell, a very cumbersome task.

In view of the above-mentioned problems with the conventional technology, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for replacing a choke ring in a vertical crusher, and a vertical crusher, which can secure a necessary gap between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring and pull the choke ring outward in the radial direction.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the first characteristic configuration of the method for replacing the choke ring of a vertical crusher according to the present invention is a method for replacing the choke ring of a vertical crusher, comprising: an input hood for inputting the object to be crushed; a shell arranged at the lower end of the input hood; a crushing mechanism that rotates around a rotation axis provided at the center of the shell; a discharge ring through which the object to be crushed falls between the shell and the crushing mechanism; and a choke ring arranged between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring, forming a gap through which the object to be crushed falls between the shell and the crushing mechanism. A method for replacing a choke ring in a vertical crusher having a spacer that forms a hollow space with the discharge ring, the shell, and the discharge ring, and that forms an expansion space that expands the hollow space in a direction along the rotation axis, includes a clamping pressure reduction process for reducing or releasing the clamping pressure between the members that clamp the spacer when replacing the choke ring, a spacer removal process for removing the spacer after the clamping pressure reduction process, and a choke ring replacement process for replacing the choke ring using the space secured by the spacer removal process.

If an expansion space is formed by expanding the hollow space formed by the input hood, shell, and discharge ring in the direction along the rotation axis via the spacer, when replacing the choke ring, the clamping pressure reduction process is carried out to reduce or release the clamping pressure between the members that clamp the spacer, and then the spacer is removed in the spacer removal process, and the expanded space secured by the spacer ensures that the lower flange of the shell can be lifted from the upper flange of the discharge ring. In other words, the gap widens by the thickness of the spacer, and even if a choke ring has distortion at its radially inner tip, it can be pulled out radially outward.

The second characteristic feature of the present invention is that, in addition to the first characteristic feature described above, the choke ring replacement process uses the expansion space secured by the spacer removal process to secure the space required to replace the choke ring between the upper flange of the discharge ring and the lower flange of the shell, and then replaces the choke ring.

Whether the spacer that forms the expansion space is placed in the hollow space formed by the input hood, shell, and discharge ring, the expansion space provided by the spacer ensures that there is enough space to lift the lower flange of the shell from the upper flange of the discharge ring, and even if the choke ring has a downwardly bent tip, the gap required to pull it out radially outward can be secured.

The third characteristic configuration includes, in addition to the first or second characteristic configuration described above, a spacer installation process in which the spacer is installed between the components to restore the clamping pressure between the components after the choke ring replacement process.

After replacing the choke ring, a spacer is installed between the components whose clamping pressure was reduced or released in the clamping pressure reduction process, and the clamping pressure between the components is restored, completing the spacer replacement process.

The first characteristic configuration of the vertical crusher according to the present invention is a vertical crusher comprising an input hood for inputting the material to be crushed, a shell arranged at the lower end of the input hood, a crushing mechanism rotating around a rotation axis provided at the center of the shell, a discharge ring into which the material to be crushed falls between the shell and the crushing mechanism, and a choke ring arranged between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring, forming a gap into which the material to be crushed falls between the crushing mechanism. The input hood, the shell, and the discharge ring form a hollow space in the vertical crusher, and the vertical crusher is provided with a spacer that forms an expansion space that expands the hollow space in a direction along the rotation axis, and the spacer is made of metal or hard resin and is attached between or within any of the adjacent members among the members constituting the input hood, the shell, and the discharge ring.

To replace a choke ring whose tip has been bent downward due to the crushing process, it is necessary to ensure a sufficient gap between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring. However, it is difficult to lift the lower flange of the shell from the upper flange of the discharge ring, including the input hood that is placed directly above the shell and fixed via a support frame. In such a case, if a spacer is attached between or within any of the adjacent components that make up the input hood, shell, and discharge ring, which ensures the space required to replace the choke ring, it is possible to ensure a lifting allowance for lifting the lower flange of the shell from the upper flange of the discharge ring by the amount of space created by removing the spacer.

The second characteristic configuration is that, in addition to the first characteristic configuration described above, the spacer is divided into multiple spacer pieces.

The spacer is a component that expands the hollow space formed by the input hood, shell, and discharge ring in the direction along the rotation axis. If constructed as a single unit, it would be a very large and heavy component, and the work of attaching or removing the spacer would be very time-consuming, requiring heavy machinery. However, if the spacer is divided into multiple spacer pieces, each spacer piece can be made small and lightweight, improving workability.

The third characteristic feature is that, in addition to the second characteristic feature described above, the spacer has a protruding piece that protrudes outward from the outer edge.

In normal use, the spacer is pressed against the members that hold it from above and below, so even if the clamping pressure between the members that hold the spacer is reduced or released, the spacer may become stuck to the members above and below and may not be easily detached. However, if a protruding piece that protrudes outward is formed on the outer edge of the spacer, the spacer can be detached by applying a mechanical force such as a strike to the protruding piece, or by entangling a tool around the protruding piece.

The fourth characteristic configuration is that, in addition to any one of the first to third characteristic configurations described above, the thickness of the spacer is configured to be at least thicker than the expected maximum deformation of the choke ring that occurs at the tip side due to the impact of the crushed object.

By making the spacer thicker than the expected maximum deformation of the choke ring, the choke ring can be properly pulled out radially outward.

The fifth characteristic configuration is that, in addition to any one of the first to fourth characteristic configurations described above, the feeding hood is supported by a support frame constructed around the vertical crusher via a support portion provided around the feeding hood, and the spacer is attached between the lower flange of the feeding hood and the upper flange of the shell.

By supporting the heavy loading hood on the support frame, the loading hood can be lifted upward relative to the support frame, and the spacer attached between the lower flange of the loading hood and the upper flange of the shell can be easily removed, allowing the space previously occupied by the space to be used to lift the lower flange of the shell from the upper flange of the discharge ring.

The sixth characteristic configuration is that, in addition to any one of the first to fourth characteristic configurations described above, the feeding hood is composed of an upper feeding hood supported on a support frame constructed around the vertical crusher via a support portion provided around the feeding hood, and a lower feeding hood flange-connected to the upper feeding hood, and the spacer is attached between the lower flange of the upper feeding hood and the upper flange of the lower feeding hood.

By supporting the heavy loading hood on the support frame, the loading hood can be lifted upward relative to the support frame, and the spacer attached between the lower flange of the loading hood and the upper flange of the lower loading hood can be easily removed, allowing the space that was previously occupied by the spacer to be used to lift the lower flange of the shell from the upper flange of the discharge ring.

As described above, the present invention provides a method for replacing a choke ring in a vertical crusher, and a vertical crusher that can secure a required gap between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring and pull the choke ring outward in the radial direction.

Partial cutaway diagram of a vertical crusher An explanatory diagram showing a vertical cross section of the main parts of a vertical crusher FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a vertical cross section of a main part of a vertical crusher in which a spacer is disposed between a lower flange of a shell and an upper flange of a discharge ring. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a cross section of a main part of a vertical crusher in which a spacer is disposed between the lower flange of the shell and the upper flange of the discharge ring. FIG. 5A is an explanatory diagram showing a cross section of a hatched essential part of the spacer shown in FIG. 4, and FIG. 5B is a plan view of the spacer. FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a main portion showing a state in which a spacer is disposed between a lower flange of a shell and a choke ring, and FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of a main portion showing a state before the spacer is disposed. 1A to 1C are explanatory diagrams showing different installation states of a choke ring and a spacer. Schematic explanatory diagram of a vertical crusher from a rear view FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram of a side view of a vertical crusher. A spacer SP is mounted between a lower flange 40A of the input hood 40 and an upper flange 7B of the shell 7. 1A is a plan view of the upper flange of the shell, FIG. 1B is a plan view of a spacer formed by dividing the spacer in the circumferential direction of the upper flange of the shell, FIG. 1C is a plan view of a spacer disposed on the upper surface of the upper flange of the shell, and FIG. 1D is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a spacer fastened by a bolt via a gasket between the lower flange of the input hood and the upper flange of the shell. 1A is a plan view of an upper flange of a lower input hood, FIG. 1B is a plan view of a spacer formed by dividing the spacer in the circumferential direction of the upper flange of the lower input hood, FIG. 1C is a plan view of a spacer disposed on the upper surface of the upper flange of the lower input hood, and FIG. 1D is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing a spacer fastened by a bolt via a gasket between the lower flange of the upper input hood and the upper flange of the lower input hood.

Hereinafter, a method for replacing a choke ring of a vertical crusher and a vertical crusher according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in Fig. 1, the vertical crusher 1 is a device that crushes waste such as large home appliances in order to reuse them as resources. The vertical crusher 1 is equipped with a device frame 2 fixed to a concrete floor, a crushing section 5, an electric motor 3 that drives the crushing section 5, and the like.

The crushing section 5 includes a cylindrical discharge ring 6 fixed to the device frame 2, a cylindrical shell 7 arranged on top of the discharge ring 6, and a crushing mechanism 8 attached to a rotating shaft 4 arranged in the center of the shell 7. The rotating shaft 4 is connected to an electric motor 3 via a power transmission mechanism such as a belt.

An input hood 40 is provided on top of the shell 7, and the material to be crushed transported by a belt-type conveyor mechanism (not shown) is dropped into the shell 7 through an input port 11 formed in the side wall of the input hood 40. A blast exhaust duct 12 is provided on the top surface of the input hood 40, and an opening and closing door (not shown) is provided on the back of the input hood 40 to introduce a crane mechanism such as a hoist for lifting the crushing mechanism 8.

A support frame F is constructed around the vertical crusher 1, and is composed of multiple vertical frames F1 and multiple horizontal frames F suspended between the vertical frames F1. A floor member (not shown) that serves as a foothold for workers is placed between the multiple horizontal frames F2. H-shaped steel, for example, is used as the horizontal frame F2. A heavy loading hood 40 is supported by a support part on a part of such a support frame F. Note that the support frame F shown in FIG. 1 is an example for ease of understanding, and differs from the configuration of the support frame F that is actually installed.

Figure 2 shows an example of a vertical cross section of the crushing unit 5. The shell 7 is formed in a cylindrical shape that gradually expands in diameter from bottom to top, and multiple shell liners 13 are arranged at predetermined intervals inside. The shell is made of general structural rolled steel SS, and the shell liners 13 are made of wear-resistant castings. In this embodiment, the term "shell 7" is used to include the shell liners 13.

The crushing mechanism 8 is composed of a rotor 17 that rotates around the rotating shaft 4, and a breaker 14 attached to the upper part of the rotor 17. The breaker 14 has a pair of breaker arms 15, 16 that extend radially from the rotating shaft 4. The rotor 17 has disks 18 installed in three tiers, one above the other, and multiple crushing grinders 19 are supported on the outer periphery of the disks 18 so that they can rotate freely.

The breaker 14 and rotor 17 rotate together with the rotating shaft 4, so that the object to be crushed that is put inside the shell 7 is first struck by the breaker arms 15, 16 and roughly crushed, and then the roughly crushed object is finely crushed between the crushing grinder 19 provided on the rotor 17 and the shell liner 13. Note that the shell liner 13 is not limited to a structure that covers the inside of the shell 7, and may have protrusions that protrude radially inward from the inside of the shell 7, as long as it is a structure that is arranged inside the shell 7 and crushes the object to be crushed between the crushing mechanism.

A choke ring 20 is installed between the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 and the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6. The objects to be crushed CM fall into the discharge ring 6 through a gap S formed between the lowest disk 18 of the rotor 17 and the choke ring 20 arranged on its outer periphery. The objects to be crushed CM that have fallen into the discharge ring 6 are swept inside the discharge ring 50 by a sweeper 6S installed on the discharge ring 6 and rotating integrally with the rotating shaft 4, and are discharged from an opening formed in the side wall of the discharge ring 6 to a discharge port 60 formed in the device frame 2.

When the object to be crushed CM falls into the discharge ring 6, the object to be crushed CM falls and collides with the inner tip region of the choke ring 20, causing distortion over time in which the inner tip of the choke ring 20 tilts downward. If the size of the gap S increases due to distortion, there is a risk that the particle size of the object to be crushed CM will increase, so it becomes necessary to replace the choke ring 20 with an undistorted one. Note that a distorted choke ring 20 can be repaired and reused after replacement by processing such as sheet metal or padding.

To replace the choke ring 20, the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 is lifted from the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6, creating a small space (gap) between the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 and the lower flange 7A of the shell 7, and the choke ring 20 is pulled out radially outward through that space (gap).

However, if the inner tip of the choke ring 20 is inclined downward, the distorted area generated in the choke ring 20 gets caught in the small gap formed between the two flanges, and the choke ring 20 cannot be pulled out radially outward.

For this reason, the vertical crusher 1 is equipped with a spacer SP that forms an expansion space that expands the cylindrical hollow space formed by the input hood 40, the shell 7, and the discharge ring 6 in the direction along the rotation shaft 4.

When replacing the choke ring 20, first remove the spacer SP, and then use the space provided by the spacer SP to form a gap between the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 and the lower flange 7A of the shell 7, and then pull out the choke ring 20 from that gap. This is explained in detail below.

[First Aspect of Spacer]
The first aspect will be described below.
Fig. 3 shows a longitudinal section of the main part of the vertical crusher 1 equipped with a spacer, and Fig. 4 shows a transverse section of the main part of the vertical crusher 1. In Fig. 4, the crushing mechanism 8 provided inside the shell 7 is omitted. Fig. 5(a) shows the main part of the transverse section with the spacer SP shown in Fig. 4 hatched.

As shown in FIG. 3, a spacer SP is attached between the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 and the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6. In this embodiment, the spacer SP is disposed on the upper surface of the choke ring 20, but the spacer SP may be disposed either above or below the choke ring 20.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5(a), six choke ring guides 22, each of which has a substantially triangular shape in plan view, are provided at intervals of 60° between the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 and the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6, and six choke rings 20 and spacers SP, each of which has a substantially rectangular shape in plan view, are overlappingly arranged between each choke ring guide 22. Note that the number of choke ring guides 22 and choke rings 20 is not limited to six.

The choke ring guide 22 is a component that guides the insertion and removal direction of the choke ring 20 and acts as a distance piece that maintains a constant distance between the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 and the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6, and is fastened to the lower flange 7A with a bolt. The thickness of the choke ring guide 22 is set to the same thickness as the combined thickness of the choke ring 20 and the spacer SP.

The choke ring 20 is a flat plate that is approximately rectangular in plan view, with both sides formed parallel to each other. Furthermore, the radial inner edge of the choke ring 20 is formed in an arc shape so that a small gap is formed between the outer periphery of the disk 18 provided on the rotor 17, and multiple comb-tooth-shaped notches 20C are formed in the arc shape.

The choke ring 20 is attached by the position adjustment mechanism 30 between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A so that it can move forward and backward radially along the left and right sides of the choke ring guide 22. The gap S between the comb teeth formed on the radial inner edge of the choke ring 20 and the outer edge of the lowest disk 18 on the rotor 17 is adjusted, and the crushed particle size of the material CM to be crushed is adjusted so that it falls through the gap S.

Each choke ring 20 has a pair of long holes 20A drilled parallel to both sides, and a long hole 20B with a larger diameter than the long hole 20A drilled between the pair of long holes 20A. The pair of long holes 20A serve as bolt insertion holes for fastening the choke ring 20 between the flanges 6A and 7A via bolts 23 and nuts 24 so that the choke ring 20 does not move due to the impact of crushing (see Figure 3).

The long hole 20B becomes a through hole for inserting the jack bolt 25 for lifting the shell 7. The jack bolt 25 is screwed into a threaded hole drilled in the lower flange 7A of the shell 7, and the lower end of the jack bolt 25 passes through the long hole 20B and abuts against the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6. In this state, the lower flange 7A, i.e., the shell 7, is lifted from the upper flange 6A by further rotating the jack bolt 25 (see Figure 3). In this way, the long holes 20A and 20B are formed so that the radial position of the choke ring 20 can be adjusted with no load applied to the choke ring 20.

The position adjustment mechanism 30 includes a threaded bolt 32 rotatably held on a base 31 welded to the lower flange 7A, and a movable piece 33 screwed into the threaded bolt 32, and the movable piece 33 is fixed to the choke ring 20 via an attachment part 34. The threaded bolt 32 is rotatable relative to the base 31, but is held so that it cannot move horizontally. When the head of the threaded bolt 32 is rotated with a tool such as a wrench, the movable piece 33 screwed into the threaded bolt 32 moves horizontally, and the choke ring 20 to which the movable piece 33 is attached moves radially.

In addition to the choke ring 20, a spacer SP is provided between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A to ensure a withdrawal allowance for the choke ring 20. As described above, the choke ring 20 is configured to be able to move radially in and out between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A by the position adjustment mechanism 30, and the spacer SP is positioned overlapping the choke ring 20 and is fixed in position between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A.

As shown in Figures 5(a) and (b), the spacer SP is formed in an arc shape on the radial inside and outside, and the left and right ends are formed parallel to match the left and right ends of the choke ring 20. Two protruding pieces SP5 are formed on the radial outside of the spacer SP, which protrude outward from the outer edge of the lower flange 7A. In addition, openings SP3 and SP4 are formed through which the above-mentioned bolt 23 and jack bolt 25 can be inserted.

Unlike the long holes 20A, 20B formed in the choke ring 20, the openings SP3, SP4 formed in the spacer SP are round holes, so they are prevented from moving in the radial direction and are fixed in a predetermined position between the lower flange 7A and the upper flange 6A.

In this example, the radial inner edge SP1 of the spacer SP is fixed at a position flush with or slightly protruding from the inner edge of the lower flange 7A, where it will not collide with the object to be crushed CM. The radial outer edge SP2 of the spacer SP is fixed so as to be flush with the outer edge of the lower flange 7A, and the protruding piece SP5 is positioned so as to protrude from the outer edge of the lower flange 7A. The radial inner edge SP1 of the spacer SP may be recessed radially outward from the inner edge of the lower flange 7A. In this case, the radial width of the spacer SP may be configured to be up to about half the radial width of the lower flange 7A and upper flange 6A.

As shown in Figures 6(a) and (b), if the inner edge of the choke ring 20 is distorted downward, it becomes necessary to lift the shell 1 using the jack bolts 25 described above to form a gap between the lower flange 7A and the upper flange 6A, pull the choke ring 20 outward in the radial direction, and replace it with a new choke ring 20.

The gap formed between the lower flange 7A and the upper flange 6A is only about 1 to 2 mm, so there are cases where the warped area gets caught and makes it difficult to pull out. Even in such cases, if a spacer SP is placed between the lower flange 7A and the upper flange 6A in advance, the gap between the lower flange 7A and the upper flange 6A becomes wider by the thickness of the spacer SP when the spacer SP is removed, and the choke ring 20 can be easily pulled out.

In this embodiment, the choke ring 20 is made of wear-resistant steel plate and has a thickness of 25 mm. The spacer SP is made of SUS and has a thickness of 5 mm.

The thickness of the spacer SP should be at least thicker than the expected maximum deformation of the distortion of the choke ring 20 that occurs at the tip side due to the impact of the object to be crushed CM. The expected maximum deformation is a value determined by the crushing capacity of the vertical crusher 1, the type of object to be crushed by the vertical crusher 1, and the material and thickness of the choke ring 20, and is not a fixed value. For example, it is set in the range of 2 mm to 10 mm, preferably in the range of 4 mm to 6 mm. The thickness of the spacer SP is the same in the second and third aspects described below.

When replacing the choke rings 20, insert the jack bolts 25 into each of the six choke rings 20, lift the shells 7 evenly from the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6, and remove the position adjustment mechanism 30 from the choke ring 20 to be replaced.

Then, pull out the jack bolt 25, remove the spacer SP, widen the gap, and then replace the choke ring 20. If the spacer SP is in close contact with the lower flange 7A or the choke ring 20, the close contact can be easily eliminated by inserting a jig into the hole formed in the protruding piece SP5 to apply a tensile force, or by applying a mechanical shock to the protruding piece SP5.

After replacing the choke ring 20, the spacer SP is attached again and the position adjustment mechanism 30 is assembled. The choke ring 20 is positioned in a specified position using the position adjustment mechanism 30, and then the jack bolt 25 is inserted to maintain the gap between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A. The same procedure is then repeated for the other spacer SP.

Instead of the jack bolts 25, it is also possible to use small hydraulic jacks to lift the shell 7 evenly. In this case, it is preferable to install the hydraulic jacks at three locations with a central angle of approximately 120 degrees.

In the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7(a), a single choke ring 20 having comb-tooth-shaped notches 20C formed on the radial inner edge is described, but the configuration of the choke ring 20 is not limited to this example.

For example, as shown in FIG. 7(b), even if the choke ring 20 does not have comb-tooth notches 20C and is simply formed in an arc on the radial inner edge, the spacer SP can be overlapped in the same manner. Also, as shown in FIG. 7(c), two choke rings 20 are provided, one above the other, with the upper choke ring being configured similarly to the choke ring 20 shown in FIG. 7(a), and the lower choke ring being configured similarly to the choke ring 20 shown in FIG. 7(b) and simply formed in an arc on the radial inner edge, and the depth of the comb-tooth notches 20C can be adjusted by the choke ring provided on the lower side.

[Second embodiment of the spacer]
The second aspect will now be described.
8 and 9, the feeding hood 40 is installed directly above the shell 7. The feeding hood 40 is supported by a support frame F (horizontal frame) constructed around the vertical crusher 1 via a plurality of support parts 41 provided around the cylindrical side wall, and is fixed with bolts B1 and nuts N1.

The spacer SP is mounted between the lower flange 40A of the input hood 40 and the upper flange 7B of the shell 7.

As shown in Figures 10(a) to (d), the upper flange 7B of the shell 7 is formed in an annular shape in a plan view, and multiple bolt holes 7h for fixing are provided in the circumferential direction. The lower flange 10A of the input hood 40 is also formed in an annular shape in a plan view, and bolt holes are provided at positions corresponding to the bolt holes 7h.

A spacer SP, which is divided into multiple spacer pieces in the circumferential direction, is arranged along the upper surface of the upper flange 7B of the shell 7. The spacer SP has an arc-shaped radial inner side SP1 and outer side SP2, and the radial width is set so that the outer side is flush with the outer surface of the upper flange 7B and the inner side is slightly recessed from the inner surface of the upper flange 7B. In addition, the left and right edges are formed in a shape that follows the radial direction.

The spacer SP has two protruding pieces SP5 on the radially outer side that protrude outward from the outer edge of the upper flange 7B. The number of protruding pieces SP5 is not particularly limited. Furthermore, the spacer SP has a notch SP6 on the radially inner side that has an open end through which the above-mentioned bolt can be inserted.

The spacer SP is sandwiched between the upper flange 7B of the shell 7 and the lower flange 40A of the input hood 40 via a gasket 40P, and is fastened in place with a bolt B2 and a nut N2.

When removing the spacer SP from between the upper flange 7B of the shell 7 and the lower flange 40A of the input hood 40, first loosen the bolt B2 that is fastened and fixed, then loosen the bolt B1 that secures the support part 41 to the support frame F (horizontal frame). After that, the input hood 40 is lifted from the support frame F (horizontal frame) using a towing tool such as a hoist. This reduces or releases the clamping pressure between the upper flange 7B of the shell 7, which is the member that clamps the spacer SP, and the lower flange 40A of the input hood 40.

Then, the spacer SP is pulled outward in the radial direction and removed to secure a space between the upper flange 7B of the shell 7 and the lower flange 40A of the input hood 40. If the spacer SP is in close contact with the lower flange 40A or the upper flange 7B, the close contact can be easily eliminated by inserting a jig into the hole formed in the protruding piece SP5 to apply a tensile force or by applying a mechanical shock to the protruding piece SP5.

Furthermore, as explained in the first embodiment, the jack bolts 25 are screwed into each of the threaded holes for the jack bolts 25 formed in the lower flange 7A of the shell 7, thereby lifting the shell 7 evenly from the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6, and removing the position adjustment mechanism 30 provided on the choke ring 20 to be replaced. At this time, a gap of the same thickness as the spacer SP is formed between the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 and the lower flange 7A of the shell 7.

Then, the jack bolt 25 is pulled out and one of the choke rings 20 is replaced. After replacing one of the choke rings 20, the position adjustment mechanism 30 is reassembled and the choke ring 20 is positioned in a predetermined position by the position adjustment mechanism 30. The jack bolt 25 is then inserted to maintain the gap between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A, and the same procedure is then repeated for the other choke ring 20.

After the replacement work is completed, the jack bolt 25 is removed and the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 and the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 are fastened together with the bolt B2.
Next, all of the removed spacers SP are inserted between the upper flange 7B of the shell 7 and the lower flange 40A of the input hood 40, and the input hood 40 that has been lifted up using a hoist or the like is pulled down. The upper flange 7B of the shell 7 and the lower flange 40A of the input hood 40 are fastened and fixed with the respective bolts B2 and nuts N2, and further, the support portion 41 is fastened and fixed to the support frame F (horizontal frame) with the bolts B1 and nuts N1.

[Third aspect of the spacer]
The third aspect will now be described.
8 and 9, the feeding hood 40 disposed directly above the shell 7 is supported by a support frame F (horizontal frame F2) constructed around the vertical crusher 1 via a plurality of support parts 41 provided around the feeding hood 40, and is fixed with bolts B1 and nuts N1. The configuration of the feeding hood 40 is the same as that of the second embodiment described above, except for the installation position of the spacer SP.

The input hood 40 is divided into an upper input hood 44 and a lower input hood 46, and a spacer SP is attached between the lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46.

As shown in Figures 11(a) to (d), the upper flange 46B of the lower feeding hood 46 is formed in a keyhole shape in plan view with an annular portion 461 and a rectangular portion 462 that serves as the entrance portion of the conveyor mechanism that transports the objects to be crushed, and is provided with multiple bolt holes 46h in the circumferential direction for fastening. The lower flange 44A of the upper feeding hood 44 is also formed in a keyhole shape in plan view with an annular portion and a rectangular portion that are connected, and is provided with bolt holes at positions corresponding to the bolt holes 46h.

A spacer SP, which is divided into multiple spacer pieces in the circumferential direction, is arranged along the upper surface of the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46. The spacer SP arranged in the annular portion 461 has an arc-shaped radial inner side SP1 and outer side SP2, and is formed so that the outer side is flush with the outer surface of the upper flange 7B and the inner side is slightly recessed from the inner surface of the upper flange 7B.

The spacer SP arranged in the rectangular portion 462 is formed in a rectangular shape in a plan view, with its outer side flush with the outer surface of the upper flange 46B and its inner side slightly recessed from the inner surface of the upper flange 46B.

On the radially outer side of each spacer SP, two protruding pieces SP5 are formed that protrude outward from the outer edge of the upper flange 46B. The number of protruding pieces SP5 is not particularly limited. Furthermore, on the radially inner side of each spacer SP, a notch SP6 with an open end through which the above-mentioned bolt can be inserted is formed.

As shown in FIG. 11(c), the spacer SP is inserted between the lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46, sandwiched from above and below via a gasket 46P, and is fastened and fixed with a bolt B3 and a nut N3.

When removing the spacer SP from between the lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46, first loosen the bolt B3 that is fastened and then loosen the bolt B1 that secures the support part 41 to the support frame F (horizontal frame). After that, the input hood 40 is lifted from the support frame F (horizontal frame) using a towing tool such as a hoist. This reduces or releases the clamping pressure between the lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46, which are the members that clamp the spacer SP.

Then, the spacer SP is pulled outward in the radial direction and removed to secure a space between the lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46. If the spacer SP is in close contact with the lower flange 44A or the upper flange 46B, the close contact can be easily eliminated by inserting a jig into the hole formed in the protruding piece SP5 to apply a tensile force or by applying a mechanical shock to the protruding piece SP5.

Furthermore, as explained in the first embodiment, the jack bolts 25 are screwed into each of the threaded holes for the jack bolts 25 formed in the lower flange 7A of the shell 7, thereby lifting the shell 7 evenly from the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6, and removing the position adjustment mechanism 30 provided on the choke ring 20 to be replaced. At this time, a gap of the same thickness as the spacer SP is formed between the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 and the lower flange 7A of the shell 7.

Then, the jack bolt 25 is pulled out and one of the choke rings 20 is replaced. After replacing one of the choke rings 20, the position adjustment mechanism 30 is reassembled and the choke ring 20 is positioned in a predetermined position by the position adjustment mechanism 30. The jack bolt 25 is then inserted to maintain the gap between the upper flange 6A and the lower flange 7A, and the same procedure is then repeated for the other choke ring 20.

After the replacement work is completed, the jack bolt 25 is removed and the lower flange 7A of the shell 7 and the upper flange 6A of the discharge ring 6 are fastened together with the bolt B2.
Next, all the removed spacers SP are inserted between the lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46, and the input hood 40 that has been lifted up is pulled down using a hoist or the like. The lower flange 44A of the upper input hood 44 and the upper flange 46B of the lower input hood 46 are fastened and fixed with bolts B3 and nuts N3, and further, the support portion 41 is fastened and fixed to the support frame F (horizontal frame) with bolts B1 and nuts N1.

In the second and third embodiments described above, examples were described in which the spacer SP was attached between the flanges via a gasket, but the gasket alone may function as the spacer SP. A hard resin can be suitably used as the material for forming the gasket.

The choke ring 20 can be replaced appropriately using any of the spacers described in the first to third aspects above. In other words, the spacer SP only needs to be installed between or within any of the adjacent members 6, 7, and 10 that make up the input hood 40, shell 7, and discharge ring 6.

As described above, the method for replacing a choke ring in a vertical crusher according to the present invention includes a clamping pressure reduction process for reducing or releasing the clamping pressure between the members that clamp the spacer when replacing the choke ring, a spacer removal process for removing the spacer after the clamping pressure reduction process, and a choke ring replacement process for replacing the choke ring using the space secured by the spacer removal process.

The choke ring replacement process utilizes the expansion space secured by the spacer removal process to secure the space required to replace the choke ring between the upper flange of the discharge ring and the lower flange of the shell, and then replaces the choke ring.

Furthermore, after the choke ring replacement process, a spacer installation process is included in which a spacer is installed between the components to restore the clamping pressure between the components.

It goes without saying that the above-described embodiment is merely one example of the present invention, and the specific structure, shape, size, etc. of each part can be appropriately modified and designed within the scope of the effects of the present invention.

1: Vertical crusher 2: Device frame 3: Electric motor 4: Rotating shaft 4
5: Crushing processing section 6: Discharge ring 6A: Upper flange 60: Discharge port 7: Shell 7A: Lower flange of shell 7B: Upper flange of shell 8: Crushing mechanism 13: Shell liner 14: Breaker 15, 16: Breaker arm 17: Rotor 18: Disk 19: Crushing grinder 20: Choke ring 40: Input hood 40A: Between the lower flange 40A of the input hood and the upper flange 7B of the shell 7: Gasket 40P: Gasket 44: Upper input hood 44A: Lower flange of upper input hood 46: Lower input hood 46P: Gasket 46B: Upper flange SP of lower input hood: Spacer

Claims (9)

A method for replacing a choke ring of a vertical crusher comprising: an input hood for inputting materials to be crushed; a shell disposed at the lower end of the input hood; a crushing mechanism that rotates around a rotation axis provided at the center of the shell; a discharge ring into which the materials to be crushed fall between the shell and the crushing mechanism; and a choke ring disposed between a lower flange of the shell and an upper flange of the discharge ring and forming a gap into which the materials to be crushed fall between the shell and the crushing mechanism, wherein the input hood, the shell, and the discharge ring form a hollow space, and the vertical crusher is provided with a spacer that forms an expansion space that expands the hollow space in a direction along the rotation axis,
a clamping pressure reducing step of reducing or releasing a clamping pressure between members that clamp the spacer when replacing the choke ring;
a spacer removing step of removing the spacer after the clamping pressure reducing step;
a choke ring replacement process for replacing the choke ring by using the space secured by the spacer removal process;
How to replace the choke ring of a vertical crusher including. The choke ring replacement process is a process of replacing the choke ring by using the expansion space secured by the spacer removal process to secure the space required for replacing the choke ring between the upper flange of the discharge ring and the lower flange of the shell, as described in claim 1. The method for replacing the choke ring of a vertical crusher according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a spacer installation step of attaching the spacer between the members to restore the clamping pressure between the members after the choke ring replacement step. A vertical crusher comprising: an input hood for inputting materials to be crushed; a shell disposed at the lower end of the input hood; a crushing mechanism that rotates around a rotation axis provided at the center of the shell; a discharge ring through which the materials to be crushed fall between the shell and the crushing mechanism; and a choke ring disposed between a lower flange of the shell and an upper flange of the discharge ring, forming a gap through which the materials to be crushed fall between the shell and the crushing mechanism, wherein the input hood, the shell, and the discharge ring form a hollow space;
a spacer that forms an expansion space that expands the hollow space in a direction along the rotation axis,
The spacer is made of metal or hard resin and is attached between or within any of adjacent members among the members constituting the feeding hood, the shell, and the discharge ring. The vertical crusher according to claim 4, wherein the spacer is divided into a plurality of spacer pieces. The vertical crusher according to claim 5, wherein the outer edge of the spacer is provided with a protruding piece that protrudes outward. A vertical crusher according to any one of claims 4 to 6, in which the thickness of the spacer is configured to be at least thicker than the expected maximum deformation of the choke ring caused at the tip side by the impact of the object to be crushed. The feeding hood is supported by a support frame constructed around the vertical crusher via a support portion provided around the feeding hood,
8. The vertical crusher according to claim 4, wherein the spacer is mounted between a lower flange of the input hood and an upper flange of the shell. The feeding hood is composed of an upper feeding hood supported on a support frame constructed around the vertical crusher via a support part provided around the feeding hood, and a lower feeding hood flange-connected to the upper feeding hood,
8. The vertical crusher according to claim 4, wherein the spacer is mounted between a lower flange of the upper input hood and an upper flange of the lower input hood.

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