JP7659606B2 - Smoking device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a smoking device and a smoking method.

Fumigants containing pesticides and antibacterial and antifungal agents as active ingredients have been used indoors for pest control and sterilization and antifungal purposes, and organic foaming agents such as azodicarbonamide are contained in the preparations to enhance the transpiration and diffusion of the active ingredients. This is because the gas and smoke particles generated by burning or decomposing the organic foaming agent during use transpire and diffuse the active ingredients in the preparations into the air in a short time, allowing the active ingredients to fully reach every corner of the space, thereby achieving excellent pest control and sterilization and antifungal effects.
Such fumigants are often heated using a heat generating agent that generates heat through hydration, and because the heat generated by this hydration reaction reaches high temperatures (approximately 250-400°C), the fumigants and the containers in which they are stored are exposed to high temperatures. For this reason, non-flammable containers are used, and metal cans such as aluminum and tinplate are commonly used.
On the other hand, the use of metal cans as smoking agents or containers for storing them generates a burning odor (burning odor), which is a cause of discomfort to users. In order to prevent this burning odor and improve the feeling of use, a technique of making a mineral substance with a specific oil absorption amount exist in the smoking agent as a burning odor inhibitor, and a technique of blending a fragrance in the smoking agent have been reported (Patent Documents 1 and 2, etc.), but a sufficient odor suppression effect that satisfies many users has not yet been obtained.
In addition, smoking devices that use metal cans must be disposed of as non-combustible waste after use, making them difficult to dispose of, and there is a demand for smoking devices that are easy to dispose of and have a low environmental impact.

JP 2007-117950 A JP 2007-326851 A

If a flammable material were used instead of a metal can, the heat of the hydration reaction would reach high temperatures (approximately 250 to 400 degrees Celsius), causing the container to carbonize and emit a burning odor (burnt odor), which would be unpleasant for the user. In the worst case scenario, the container would ignite, posing a risk of fire. As such, it has been difficult to find an alternative material that is both safe and provides a good usability.
Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a smoking device which is safe and easy to use, has a container for storing a heat generating agent, is not susceptible to fire, is not susceptible to damage such as carbonization, and does not produce unpleasant odors such as a burnt smell.

As a result of extensive research into solving the above problems, the inventors discovered that a smoking container made of absorbent material can absorb a specific amount of water and retain more than a specific amount of water during smoking, and therefore can be used safely as a smoking device without being damaged by carbonization or ignition due to the heat of the hydration reaction during smoking, and thus completed the present invention.

Specifically, the present invention relates to the following items.
1. A smoking apparatus comprising a smoking canister filled with a heat generating agent that generates heat by hydration, having a bottom and a side wall connected thereto, and entirely made of a water-absorbent material, characterized in that the weight of water that the smoking canister can hold (water retention capacity a) is 1.5 times or more the dry weight of the smoking canister, and the smoking canister can hold water that is 0.10 times or more the water retention capacity a.
2. A method of smoking using a smoking apparatus equipped with a smoking container filled with a heat generating agent that generates heat by hydration, having a bottom and a side wall connected thereto, and entirely made of a water-absorbent material, characterized in that the weight of water that the smoking container can hold (water retention capacity a) is 1.5 times or more the dry weight of the smoking container, and the smoking container can hold water at least 0.10 times the water retention capacity a, without damaging the smoking container.

The smoking device of the present invention has a smoking container filled with a heat generating agent that is entirely made from absorbent material and does not use a metal can, so the smoking device can be disposed of as general waste after use, reducing the environmental impact.
In addition, the smoking apparatus of the present invention has a smoking container filled with a heat generating agent that can absorb a specific amount of water and retains more than a specific amount of water during smoking, which prevents the temperature of the smoking container itself from rising above the boiling point of water due to the heat of the hydration reaction during smoking.This means that the smoking container will not catch fire or be damaged by carbonization, and can be used safely.
Furthermore, the material of the fumigation container in the smoking device of the present invention retains absorbed water and at the same time allows water to pass through quickly, so the hydration reaction of the exothermic agent begins instantly, allowing the desired fumigation to be achieved satisfactorily.
In addition, the fumigation method of the present invention is useful because it allows for safe fumigation without causing damage to the smoker container, such as burning or holes.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a smoking receptacle of the present invention; 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of the smoking device of the present invention. FIG. A cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the smoking device of the present invention. A cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the smoking device of the present invention.

The present invention will now be described in detail.
The present invention is characterized in that the weight of water that the smoker can hold (water retention capacity a) is 1.5 times or more the dry weight of the smoker (dry weight c), and the smoker can hold water that is 0.10 times or more the water retention capacity a.
Here, the water retention capacity a is a value expressed as the difference between the weight of the entire smoking can when it is immersed in water for 10 minutes, then taken out and the naturally dripping water is removed, and the dry weight of the smoking can (dry weight c). In other words, the water retention capacity a means the weight of water that the smoking can hold.
In the present invention, it is important to "retain 0.10 times or more water relative to the water retention amount a" during smoking, and it is essential to "retain 0.10 times or more water relative to the water retention amount a" at least at the end of smoking. The end of smoking means immediately after the end of smoking. Specifically, for example, in the case of a smoking container filled with 10 to 100 g of a heat generating agent that generates heat by hydration reaction, "immediately after the end of smoking" means 10 minutes after the smoking container filled with the heat generating agent is immersed in water, and in the case of a smoking container filled with more than 100 g and not more than 300 g of a heat generating agent that generates heat by hydration reaction, "immediately after the end of smoking" means 20 minutes after the smoking container filled with the heat generating agent is immersed in water.
Furthermore, in the present invention, the difference between the weight of the fumigation container excluding its contents at the end of fumigation and the dry weight of the fumigation container (dry weight c) is defined as the weight of water retained in the fumigation container at the end of fumigation (water retention capacity b).
The present invention is characterized in that the water retention capacity a is 1.5 times or more the dry weight c, i.e., "water retention capacity a÷dry weight c≧1.5", and the water retention capacity b is 0.10 times or more the water retention capacity a, i.e., "water retention capacity b÷water retention capacity a≧0.10".

The smoking apparatus and the smoking container of the present invention will be described in detail below.
<About the smoking device>
The smoking apparatus of the present invention is equipped with a smoking receptacle, which has a bottom portion and a side wall portion connected thereto, and is in the shape of a container made entirely of a water-absorbent material.
An embodiment of the smoking apparatus and smoking container of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a smoking receptacle 10 of the present invention. The smoking receptacle 10 comprises a bottom portion 14 and a side wall portion 12 connected thereto.
2 is a cross-sectional view of the smoking apparatus 1 of the present invention, showing a first embodiment of the smoking apparatus in which a heating agent 20 that generates heat by hydration reaction and a smoking agent 30 are filled inside a smoking container 10. In detail, the smoking container 10 has a heating agent 20 and a smoking agent 30 arranged adjacent to each other vertically with a partition member 40 interposed therebetween, and the smoking apparatus 1 has the smoking container 10 inside an outer container 70 capable of containing water W.
3 and 4 are cross-sectional views of the smoking apparatus 1 of the present invention, showing a second or third embodiment of the smoking apparatus in which only a heat generating agent that generates heat by hydration reaction is filled inside the smoking box 10. More specifically, the smoking box 10 is filled with only a heat generating agent 20, and the smoking agent 30 is stored in a chemical container 36 separate from the smoking box 10 and located above the smoking box 10.
FIG. 3 shows an embodiment in which the chemical container 36 is positioned above the fumigation receptacle 10 without contacting it, using a fixing device not shown in the figure.
In contrast, FIG. 4 shows an embodiment in which the upper open surface of the fumigation receptacle 10 is in contact with the bottom surface of the chemical container 36.

<About smoking containers>
Smoking canister 10 is a container formed entirely from a water-absorbent material, and has a bottom 14 and a side wall 12 connected thereto, as shown in Fig. 1. The shape of bottom 14 is not particularly limited, but specific examples include a circle, an ellipse, a square, a rectangle, and a star shape. Side wall 12 may be connected to bottom 14 at an angle less than 180 degrees from approximately perpendicular. Smoking canister 10 may have any shape as long as it can be filled with heat generating agent 20 that generates heat by hydration reaction, and preferably has an approximately cylindrical or cup shape.
The upper open surface of the fumigation receptacle 10 may be provided with a lid 50 (FIGS. 2-4) or a top surface 25 (FIG. 3) as required. For example, the upper open surface of the fumigation receptacle 10 in FIG. 2 is provided with a lid 50 and is covered with a lid member 54 having one or more smoke vents 52 with a diameter of 1-10 mm for allowing the agent contained in the vaporized fumigation agent 30 to flow out, and the smoke vents 52 of the lid member 54 are further blocked by a heat-melting film 60 in contact with the lower surface of the lid member 54. Here, the lid 50 is preferably one that can be sealed to the fumigation receptacle 10 by welding or using an adhesive, etc., the lid member 54 is preferably formed of a composite material such as plastic, aluminum, paper, etc., and the heat-melting film 60 is preferably a polyolefin-based, polyester-based, polyamide-based, or polyacrylic-based film.
The upper open surface of the fumigation receptacle 10 in Fig. 3 is provided with a top surface 25 having a steam exhaust port 22 for exhausting steam. The upper open surface of the fumigation receptacle 10 in Fig. 4 is an embodiment in which nothing is provided.
In the first embodiment of Fig. 2, the lower part of the smoking container 10 is filled with a heat generating agent 20, and a fumigating agent 30 is placed on the upper surface of the heat generating agent 20 via a partition member 40. This fumigating agent 30 contains an organic foaming agent, and other chemicals may be mixed in depending on the purpose.
The smoking receptacle 10 of the present invention is formed from a water-absorbent material A, which will be described below, and which retains water during smoking in an amount ranging from 1.5 to 5 times the weight of the smoking receptacle 10. It is preferable that the side wall portion 12 and the bottom portion 14 of the smoking receptacle 10 are integrally formed.

<About absorbent material A>
The water-absorbent material A forming the smoking container 10 of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can instantly absorb water and penetrate into the smoking container 10 when the smoking container 10 is placed in the outer container 70 containing water W. Specifically, it is important that the material can retain at least 1.5 times the water weight of the smoking container 10 when it is dried, preferably at least 1.6 times, and more preferably at least 1.8 times. Specific examples of the water-absorbent material A include pulp such as paper, nonwoven fabric, resin and composite materials thereof, and among these, pulp and nonwoven fabric are preferred. The material can be determined taking into consideration the heat of hydration reaction of the heat generating agent 20, and specific examples include polyethylene, polypropylene, polyester, rayon, pulp, cotton, and the like. The type of nonwoven fabric is not particularly limited, and examples include nonwoven fabrics obtained by known manufacturing methods such as spunbond, melt-blown, thermal bond, chemical bond, spunlace, and needle punch. Among them, polyester, or a blended spunbond of polyester and rayon, or rayon and polyolefin, etc. is preferable. The basis weight of the nonwoven fabric is preferably in the range of 100 to 400 g/ ^m2 , more preferably in the range of 120 to 300 g/ ^m2 , and particularly preferably in the range of 150 to 250 g/ ^m2 . The thickness of the nonwoven fabric is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 2.0 mm.
It is important that the weight of water that the smoking container 10 can hold (water retention capacity a) is 1.5 times or more the dry weight of the smoking container, preferably 1.6 times or more, and more preferably 1.8 times or more.
Furthermore, it is important that the smoking container 10 of the present invention retains at least 0.10 times the weight of water that the smoking container 10 can hold during smoking (water retention capacity a), with 0.20 times or more being preferable, and 0.30 times or more being even more preferable.

<About the heat generating agent 20>
The heat generating agent 20 filled in the smoking container 10 of the present invention generates heat at any temperature through a hydration reaction with water. Specific examples include calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, aluminum chloride, calcium chloride, iron oxide, etc., and among these, calcium oxide is preferred because it is easy to handle.
The amount of heat generating agent 20 filled in the smoking canister 10 can be determined taking into consideration the size of the smoking canister 10 and the amount of organic blowing agent, etc., but as a guideline, for example, a weight ratio of heat generating agent/organic blowing agent in the range of 1 to 20 is preferable.

<About fumigant 30>
The fumigating agent 30 filled in the smoking container 10 of the present invention contains an organic foaming agent. The organic foaming agent is one that decomposes thermally when heated to generate a large amount of heat and also generates carbon dioxide gas, nitrogen gas, etc. (hereinafter, collectively referred to as gas). Specific examples of the organic foaming agent include azodicarbonamide, nitrocellulose, p,p'-oxybis(benzenesulfonylhydrazide), N,N'-dinitrosopentamethylenetetramine, azobisisobutyronitrile, etc. Among the organic foaming agents, azodicarbonamide is preferred from the viewpoint of decomposition temperature, gas generation amount, etc. In particular, the azodicarbonamide used in the smoking device of the present invention is preferably one that decomposes thermally at around 200°C to generate gas, and specific examples thereof include Uniform AZ (manufactured by Otsuka Chemical Co., Ltd.) and Cellmic (manufactured by Sankyo Kasei Co., Ltd.).
These organic foaming agents may be used alone or in appropriate combination of two or more.
In the second and third embodiments shown in Figures 3 and 4, the smoking agent 30 is contained in a chemical container 36. This chemical container 36 is vapor permeable and may be disposed in a position not in contact with the smoking receptacle 10 (e.g., Figure 3) or in contact with the smoking receptacle 10 (e.g., Figure 4).

Depending on the purpose, chemicals may be mixed into the fumigant 30. Examples of chemicals include pest control agents such as insecticides, insect repellents, repellents, attractants, and insect growth regulators, microbial control agents such as antibacterial agents, bactericides, and fungicides, deodorizers, and aromatic agents.
Examples of pest control agents include pyrethroid insecticides such as natural pyrethrins, pyrethrins, allethrin, phthalthrin, resmethrin, furamethrin, permethrin, fenothrin, cyphenothrin, prallethrin, bifenthrin, transfluthrin, metofluthrin, profluthrin, imiprothrin, empenthrin, etofenprox, and silafluofen; carbamate insecticides such as propoxur and carbaryl; organophosphorus insecticides such as fenitrothion and DDVP; oxadiazole insecticides such as metoxadiazone; phenylpyrazole insecticides such as fipronil; neonicotinoid insecticides such as imidacloprid and dinotefuran; sulfonamide insecticides such as amidoflumet; benzamide insecticides such as brofuranilide; chlorfena Examples of such compounds include pyrrole compounds such as pyr; insect juvenile hormone-like compounds such as methoprene and hydroprene; anti-juvenile hormone-like compounds such as precocene; molting hormone-like compounds such as ecdysone; chitin synthesis inhibitors such as chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, hexaflumuron, and buprofezin; phytoncides, essential oils such as peppermint oil, orange oil, cinnamon oil, and clove oil; and isobornyl thiocyanoacetate (IBTA), isobornyl thiocyanoethyl ether (IBTE), quaternary ammonium salts, benzyl salicylate, DEET, di-n-butyl succinate, hydroxyanisole, rotenone, ethyl-butyl acetylaminopropionate, icaridin, and 3-(N-n-butyl-N-acetyl)aminopropionic acid ethyl ester.
Among these, pyrethroid insecticides, carbamate insecticides, oxadiazole insecticides and sulfonamide insecticides are preferred because they have improved volatilization, and fenothrin, cyphenothrin, permethrin, methoxadiazone, propoxur, amidoflumet and etofenprox are particularly preferred.

Examples of the microbicidal agent include agricultural fungicides such as isophthalonitrile, procymidone, bayleton, and morestan, and environmental sanitation fungicides such as thiabendazole, 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC), isopropylmethylphenol (chemical name: 3-methyl-4-isopropylphenol), and IF-1000.
Examples of deodorants include lauryl methacrylate, geranyl chlorinate, catechin, polyphenol, and charcoal.
As the fragrance, various fragrances can be used according to the purpose. For example, see "Perfume and Flavor Materials of Natural Origin", Steffen Arctander, Allured Pub. Co. (1960), "Encyclopedia of Fragrance", edited by the Japan Fragrance Association, Asakura Shoten (1989), "Flower oils and floral compounds in perfumery", Danute Pajaujis Anonis, Allured Pub. Co. (1993), "Perfume and Flavor Chemicals (aroma chemicals)", edited by the Japan Fragrance Association, Asakura Shoten (1999), "Flower oils and floral compounds in perfumery", Danute Pajaujis Anonis, Allured Pub. Co. (20 ...
Examples of the fragrances that can be used include those described in "Fragrances and Perfume Blending", Vols. I and II, Steffen Arctander, Allured Pub. Co. (1994), "Fundamentals of Fragrances and Perfume Blending", edited by Nakajima Mototaka, Sangyo Tosho (1995), "Synthetic Fragrances: Chemistry and Product Knowledge", written by Indo Genichi, Chemical Daily Co. (1996), and "Encyclopedia of Fragrances", edited by Tanidagai Mitsukatsu, Maruzen (2005).

The fumigant 30 used in the fumigation device of the present invention contains 50 to 99% by weight, preferably 60 to 90% by weight, and more preferably 70 to 90% by weight of an organic foaming agent, so that the agent blended according to the purpose can be efficiently evaporated. If the content of this organic foaming agent exceeds 99% by weight, a separate solvent or the like is required to form, for example, granules, and is therefore not preferred.
When adding a chemical agent depending on the purpose, the chemical agent may be added in an amount of 0.5 to 80.0% by weight, preferably 3 to 70% by weight, and particularly preferably 5 to 50% by weight, relative to the fumigant 30.

The fumigant 30 used in the smoking device of the present invention is not particularly limited in its formulation form, and can be in any form, such as granules, lumps, particles, powder, tablets, or other solid forms.
When making a solid fumigant, each component may be molded into a desired shape using a known granulator or molding machine. The organic foaming agent may be mixed with a chemical agent according to the purpose, granulated with a binder or solvent, and dried to form a plate-like agent, granules, powder, fine granules, etc. When granulating these, for example, the particle size of granules may be about 1 to 10 mm, and the length may be about 1 to 30 mm.
Examples of binders used during granulation include one or more of celluloses such as carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, and hydroxypropylmethylcellulose; starch-based compounds such as alpha-starch, beta-starch, dextrin, and starch; natural polymer compounds such as gum arabic; and synthetic polymer compounds such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
These binders may be added in an amount of 0.5 to 5.0% by weight relative to the fumigation agent.
Examples of the solvent include water, alcohols such as ethanol, propanol, and benzyl alcohol, polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, glycerin, and 1,3-butanediol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monoisobutyl ether, triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol dimethyl ether, and dipropylene glycol. Examples of the solvent include glycol ethers such as ethanol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether, propylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol-tert-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol dimethyl ether, phenyl carbitol, phenyl cellosolve, and benzyl carbitol, paraffins such as liquid paraffin and n-paraffin, esters such as diethyl phthalate, benzyl benzoate, triethyl citrate, and isopropyl myristate, and others such as 3-methyl-4-methoxybutanol, N-methylpyrrolidone, and propylene carbonate. These solvents may be used alone or in any combination of two or more.
The above-mentioned chemicals can be mixed or kneaded during granulation, or can be retained in the granules by spraying or immersing the granules in the form of a solution after granulation.

The fumigant 30 used in the smoking device of the present invention may contain any component as long as the effects of the present invention are achieved. Examples of other optional components that can be used include evaporation aids, disintegrants, rust inhibitors, stabilizers, excipients, and pigments.
Examples of the evaporation aid include zinc stearate, aluminum stearate, barium stearate, calcium stearate, zinc oxide, zinc carbonate, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, carbon black, antimony trioxide, decabromodiphenylene oxide, trimellitic anhydride, maleic anhydride, benzotriazole, 4,4'-oxybis(benzenesulfonylhydrazide), urea, etc. By using these in combination, the evaporation efficiency of the drug can be adjusted.
Examples of disintegrants include organic acid esters such as paraoxybenzoate esters, stearic acid esters, ethyl lactate, and chlorophenyl salicylate; organic acids such as lactic acid, malic acid, fumaric acid, tartaric acid, adipic acid, and succinic acid; and inorganic acids such as phosphoric acid. When a disintegrant is contained, disintegration of the preparation by heating is promoted, and the efficiency of volatilization of the drug can be increased.
Examples of the rust inhibitor include 1,2,3-benzotriazole and dicyclohexylammonium nitrite.
Examples of the stabilizer include dibutylhydroxytoluene, butylhydroxyanisole, and tocopherol.
Examples of excipients include minerals such as perlite, talc, diatomaceous earth, clay, bentonite, and clay minerals; sugars such as sucrose and glucose; and sugar alcohols such as maltitol, sorbitol, and xylitol.
Furthermore, if necessary, various surfactants, efficacy enhancers, etc. may be added.

<Regarding the Partition Member 40>
The partition member 40 used in the fumigation receptacle 10 of the present invention has the function of preventing the heat generating agent 20 and the smoking agent 30 from mixing during storage or transportation after the manufacture of the smoking device. The partition member 40 may be of a size such that its side edge contacts the side wall 12 of the fumigation receptacle 10 to completely separate the heat generating agent 20 and the smoking agent 30. The partition member 40 may also be of a size such that its side edge only partially contacts the side wall 12 of the fumigation receptacle 10, or may have one or more holes on the plane of the partition member 40, so that the heat generating agent 20 and the smoking agent 30 can be largely separated even if they are in partial contact with each other. Furthermore, if the particle sizes of the heat generating agent 20 and the smoking agent 30 can be controlled to prevent mixing of the two agents, the partition member 40 may not be used.
The material is one that melts due to the heat generated by the heat generating agent 20, and can be selected according to the heat generating temperature of the heat generating agent 20. Specifically, for example, polyolefins such as polyethylene (melting point: 105 to 115°C) and polypropylene (melting point: 170°C), polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (melting point: 260°C), and plastic films and nonwoven fabrics such as polystyrene (melting point: 230°C) can be mentioned. For example, when calcium oxide (quicklime) is used as the heat generating agent 20, the material of the partition member 40 is preferably one with a melting point of 80 to 300°C. If the melting point is less than 80°C, there is a risk of melting and deformation due to storage at high temperatures, and if the melting point is more than 300°C, the partition member 40 is unlikely to melt due to the heat of hydration reaction of calcium oxide.
Furthermore, when calcium oxide is used as the heat generating agent 20, water vapor generated by the reaction between calcium oxide and water rises inside the fumigation container 10. For this reason, it is preferable to use a plastic film as the partition member 40 in order to prevent the water vapor generated in the initial reaction between calcium oxide and water from coming into contact with the organic foaming agent 30. If the agent that may be mixed into the fumigation agent 30 is a substance with low alkali resistance, the partition member 40 can also be made of a material that does not melt.

In the smoking device 1 of the present invention, it is preferable to use 1 to 20 times the weight of the heat generating agent 20 relative to the weight of the smoking agent 30. Specifically, it is preferable to use 10 to 300 g of heat generating agent 20 for every 1 to 100 g of smoking agent 30.
Furthermore, when actually using the smoking apparatus of the present invention, the smoking container 10 is placed in the outer container 70 containing water W, and the water W flows into the smoking container 10 through a part of the side wall 12 and the bottom 14 of the smoking container 10, and the water W comes into contact with the heat generating agent 10 located at the bottom of the smoking container 10. The heat of the hydration reaction between the heat generating agent 10 and the water W melts the partition member 40, and further heats the smoking agent 30. The organic foaming agent is decomposed by heating, and if a chemical agent is included, the chemical agent volatilizes together with the decomposition gas and is released to the outside of the smoking apparatus through the smoke vent 52.
In this case, the amount of water W used should be 0.5 to 3 times the weight of the heat generating agent 20, and better heat generation can be achieved by making the molar ratio of water W to the heat generating agent 20 1.5 to 9.0 times.

The present invention will be specifically described in the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. In the examples, parts mean parts by weight unless otherwise specified.

<Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3>
[Preparation of test specimens]
Each test ^specimen was prepared by filling 30 g of calcium oxide into a cup-shaped container (diameter of upper open surface: 60 mm, diameter of bottom surface: 38 mm, height: 40 mm, dry weight c1: 0.9 g) whose sidewall and bottom surface were integrally formed from nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 230 g/m2). The top surface of the filled calcium oxide was approximately 20 mm above the bottom surface of the test specimen. The water retention capacity a of the test specimen, "water retention capacity a1", was 2.33 g.
The weight of water that this test specimen could hold (water retention capacity a1) was about 2.6 times the dry weight of the test specimen (dry weight c1) ("water retention capacity a1" ÷ "dry weight c1" ≈ 2.6).
[Test Method]
A stainless steel petri dish (diameter 90 mm x height 20 mm) was filled with water in an amount A (mL) shown in Table 1 below, and the test specimen was immersed in the water. The time of immersion was the start of the test (evaluation).

[Evaluation method]
(1) Evaluation of water absorption of container After 10 minutes from immersing the test specimen in water, the calcium oxide and other contents were quickly removed from the test specimen, the test specimen was weighed, and the amount of water (water retention amount b) retained in the test specimen immediately after the smoking was terminated was calculated by subtracting the weight of the test specimen when dry (0.9 g) from the weight. The test was performed twice, and the average value was taken as "water retention amount b1".
This "water retention capacity b1" and the value obtained by dividing the "water retention capacity b1" by the "water retention capacity a1" are shown in Table 1.
(2) Container Damage Verification Evaluation After 10 minutes from immersing the test specimen in water, the contents such as calcium oxide were quickly removed from the test specimen. The test specimen was visually observed for the presence or absence of "burnt" or "holes" and evaluated according to the following items. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
(Evaluation items)
○: No damage to the container.
Δ: The damage to the container is less than 1 to 2 mm in diameter, and there is no leakage of the contents.
×: The damage to the container is approximately 2 mm or more in diameter, and the contents are leaking.
The above evaluation of "good" indicates that the product is practical.
(3) Smoke Temperature Evaluation A thermometer was placed at the center of the surface of the calcium oxide packed in the test specimen, and a data logger (Graphtec Corporation, MT100) was used to record the temperature change every second. From this record, the highest temperature reached and the time (seconds) at which the temperature was maintained at 350°C or higher were extracted and shown in Table 1. Note that in Example 2, this smoke temperature evaluation was not performed, and this is shown in Table 1 as "-".

The evaluation results of the above items (1) to (3) for each of the test samples (Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3) are summarized in Table 1.

The results in Table 1 show that the weight of water that the test specimens could hold (water retention capacity a1) was 1.5 or more times the dry weight of the smoke container (dry weight c1), and that the smoke containers of Examples 1 to 8, which retained 0.10 or more times the water retention capacity a1 immediately after the end of fumigation, were safe to use without any damage such as "burnt" or "holes" and without any unpleasant odors such as a burnt smell.
In contrast, the weight of water that the test specimens could hold (water retention capacity a1) was 1.5 times or more the dry weight of the fumigation container (dry weight c1), but the fumigation containers of Comparative Examples 1 to 3, which were able to hold less than 0.10 times the water retention capacity a1 immediately after the end of fumigation, suffered from scorching and holes and were found to be unsafe for use.
In particular, when the results of Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 are examined in detail, it can be seen that the hydration reaction was good in Example 1 and Comparative Example 3 because the maximum temperature reached and the 350°C retention time were the same, although the water volume A was different. On the other hand, damage to the container was observed in the test specimen of Comparative Example 3. In other words, this result makes it clear that even if the usage condition of the water volume A fluctuates, the retention of 0.10 times or more of the weight of water that the test specimen can retain (water retention volume a1) immediately after the end of fumigation is an "essential component" of a smoking device that can be used safely.
Furthermore, if the holding time at 350°C is 10 seconds or longer, the organic foaming agent can be brought up to its decomposition temperature and the agent can be vaporized well, so we believe that the fumigation device of the present invention can achieve a good vaporization effect.

<Comparative Examples 4 and 5>
[Preparation of test specimens]
Each test specimen was prepared by filling a cubic container (dry weight c2: 0.27 g) with a side length of 40 mm, a bottom surface and side walls made of water-repellent nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 20 g/ ^m2 ), and no top surface with 30 g of calcium oxide. The top surface of the filled calcium oxide was approximately 18 mm above the bottom surface of the test specimen. The water retention capacity a of the test specimen, "water retention capacity a2", was 0.15 g.
The weight of water that this test specimen could hold (water retention capacity a2) was approximately 0.6 times the dry weight of the test specimen (dry weight c2) ("water retention capacity a2" ÷ "dry weight c2" ≈ 0.6).
Using this test sample, the same tests and evaluations as those in the above test and evaluation methods (1) and (2) were carried out once.

The evaluation results of (1) and (2) for each of the test samples (Comparative Examples 4 and 5) are summarized in Table 2.

The results in Table 2 confirm that the smoke containers of Comparative Examples 4 and 5, in which the weight of water that the test specimens can hold (water retention capacity a2) is approximately 0.6 times the dry weight of the smoke container (dry weight c2), suffer from "burning" and "holes" and cannot be used safely.

<Examples 9 to 12, Comparative Example 6>
[Preparation of test specimens]
Each test specimen was prepared by filling 30 g of calcium oxide into a cup-shaped container (diameter of upper open surface: 75 mm, diameter of bottom surface: 47 mm, height: 30 mm, dry weight c3: 1.24 ^g ) whose sidewall and bottom surface were integrally formed from nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 230 g/m2). The top surface of the filled calcium oxide was approximately 10 mm above the bottom surface of the test specimen. The water retention capacity a of the test specimen, "water retention capacity a3", was 2.48 g.
The weight of water that this test specimen could hold (water retention capacity a3) was 2.0 times the dry weight of the test specimen (dry weight c3) ("water retention capacity a3"÷"dry weight c3"=2.0).
Using this test sample, tests and evaluations similar to those in the above test and evaluation methods (1) to (3) were carried out, and the results are summarized in Table 3.

The results in Table 3 show that the weight of water that the test specimens could hold (water retention capacity a3) was 1.5 or more times the dry weight of the smoke container (dry weight c3), and that the smoke containers of Examples 9 to 12, which retained 0.10 or more times the water retention capacity a3 immediately after the end of fumigation, were safe to use without any damage such as "burnt" or "holes" and without any unpleasant odors such as a burnt smell.
In contrast, the weight of water that the test specimen could hold (water retention capacity a3) was 1.5 times or more the dry weight of the fumigation container (dry weight c3), but the fumigation container of Comparative Example 6, which could only hold less than 0.10 times the water retention capacity a3 immediately after the end of fumigation, was found to become scorched or develop holes, and was therefore unsafe to use.
Furthermore, similar to the results in Table 1, since the holding time at 350°C is 10 seconds or more, it is believed that the smoking device of the present invention can obtain a good volatilization effect.

<Examples 13 to 18, Comparative Example 7>
[Preparation of test specimens]
Each test specimen was prepared by filling 45 g of calcium oxide into a cup-shaped container (diameter of upper open surface: 75 mm, diameter of bottom surface: 47 mm, height: 30 mm, dry weight c4: 1.24 ^g ) whose sidewall and bottom surfaces were integrally formed from nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 230 g/m2). The top surface of the filled calcium oxide was approximately 13 mm above the bottom surface of the test specimen. The water retention capacity a4 of the test specimen was 2.48 g.
The weight of water that this test specimen could hold (water retention capacity a4) was 2.0 times the dry weight of the test specimen (dry weight c4) ("water retention capacity a4"÷"dry weight c4"=2.0).
Using this test sample, tests and evaluations similar to those in the above test and evaluation methods (1) to (3) were carried out, and the results are summarized in Table 4.

The results in Table 4 show that the weight of water that the test specimens could hold (water retention capacity a4) was 1.5 or more times the dry weight of the smoke container (dry weight c4), and that the smoke containers of Examples 13 to 18 retained 0.10 or more times the water retention capacity a4 immediately after the end of fumigation, and were safe to use without any damage such as "burnt" or "holes" and without any unpleasant odors such as a burnt smell.
In contrast, the weight of water that the test specimen could hold (water retention capacity a4) was 1.5 times or more the dry weight of the fumigation container (dry weight c4), but the fumigation container of Comparative Example 7, which could only hold less than 0.10 times the water retention capacity a4 immediately after the end of fumigation, was found to become scorched or develop holes, and was therefore unsafe to use.
Furthermore, similar to the results in Tables 1 and 3, since the holding time at 350°C is 10 seconds or more, we believe that the smoking device of the present invention can achieve a good volatilization effect.

<Examples 19 to 22>
[Preparation of test sample 1]
Each test specimen (Examples 19 and 20) was prepared by filling a cubic container (dry weight c5: 0.82 g) with 40 mm sides, side walls and a bottom made of filter paper (basis weight: 90 g/ ^m2 ), and no top with 30 g of calcium oxide. The top surface of the filled calcium oxide was approximately 18 mm above the bottom surface of the test specimen. The water retention capacity a5 of the test specimen was 2.15 g.
The weight of water that this test specimen could hold (water retention capacity a5) was approximately 2.6 times the dry weight of the test specimen (dry weight c5) ("water retention capacity a5" ÷ "dry weight c5" ≈ 2.6).
[Preparation of test specimen 2]
Each test specimen (Examples 21 and ²² ) was prepared by filling a cubic container (dry weight c6: 1.53 g) with 40 mm sides, side walls and a bottom made of nonwoven fabric (basis weight: 165 g/m2), no top, with 30 g of calcium oxide. The top surface of the filled calcium oxide was approximately 18 mm above the bottom surface of the test specimen. The water retention capacity a6 of the test specimen was 6.65 g.
The weight of water that this test specimen could hold (water retention capacity a6) was about 4.3 times the dry weight of the test specimen (dry weight c6) ("water retention capacity a6" ÷ "dry weight c6" ≈ 4.3).
Using these test samples (Examples 19 to 22), tests and evaluations similar to those described in the above test and evaluation methods (1) and (2) were carried out, and the results are summarized in Table 5.

The results in Table 5 show that the weight of water that the test specimens can hold (water retention capacity a5, 6) is 1.5 times or more the dry weight of the smoking container (dry weight c5, 6), and that the smoking containers of Examples 19 to 22 retained 0.10 times or more water immediately after the end of smoking compared to the water retention capacity a5, 6, regardless of the type of absorbent material A. They therefore showed no damage such as "burnt" or "holes" and no unpleasant odors such as a burnt smell, making them safe to use.

The smoking apparatus of the present invention has a smoking container filled with a heat generating agent that is entirely made of absorbent material and does not use a metal can, so it can be disposed of as general waste after use, reducing the burden on the environment. In addition, the smoking container filled with a heat generating agent can absorb a specific amount of water and retains more than a specific amount of water during smoking, which prevents the temperature of the container itself from rising above the boiling point of water due to the heat of the hydration reaction during smoking. This means that the smoking container will not catch fire or be damaged by carbonization, such as being "burned" or "punctured," making it safe to use and useful.

Reference Signs List 1: Fumigation device 10: Fumigation container 12: Side wall 14: Bottom 20: Heat generating agent 22: Steam exhaust port 25: Top 30: Fumigation agent 36: Chemical container 40: Partition member 50: Lid 52: Smoke vent 54: Lid member 60: Heat melting film 70: Outer container W: Water

Claims (2)

A smoking apparatus including a smoking container filled with a heat generating agent that generates heat by hydration reaction, a smoking agent containing a chemical agent and an organic foaming agent , the smoking container having a bottom and a side wall that is continuous with the bottom and the side wall, the whole of which is integrally formed from a water-absorbent material,
The partition member used in the smoke receptacle is made of a material having a melting point of more than 300°C ;
This smoking apparatus is characterized in that the weight of water that the smoking container can hold (water retention capacity a) is 1.5 times or more the dry weight of the smoking container, and the smoking container immediately after the end of smoking retains water that is 0.10 times or more the water retention capacity a. A smoking device is used that includes a smoking container filled with a heat generating agent that generates heat by hydration reaction, a smoking agent containing a chemical agent and an organic foaming agent , the smoking container having a bottom portion and a side wall portion connected thereto, the bottom portion and the side wall portion being integrally molded and entirely made of a water-absorbent material,
The partition member used in the smoke receptacle is made of a material having a melting point of more than 300°C ;
This method of smoking, which does not damage the smoking container, is characterized in that the weight of water that the smoking container can hold (water retention capacity a) is 1.5 times or more the dry weight of the smoking container, and the smoking container immediately after the end of smoking retains water that is 0.10 times or more the water retention capacity a.

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