JP7666991B2 - How to measure curved glass surfaces - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for measuring the shape of a curved glass surface.

In recent years, the number of curved glass facade designs has increased. In particular, when using three-dimensional bent glass as exteriors (see Patent Document 1 below), the manufacturing precision of bent glass is poorer than that of flat glass, which increases the amount of work required for on-site installation, and in some cases, it may become necessary to post-process the installation fasteners on-site and adjust the installation position. Furthermore, if the dimensions of the joints between the glass panels are not secured according to the drawings, not only will problems with performance, such as earthquake resistance and watertightness, occur, but the appearance may also be poor.

JP 2011-12463 A

The conventional method of checking manufacturing accuracy is to control the edge shape of the curved glass by aligning the glass edge upright against a full-scale drawing and measuring the error with a ruler. However, this method not only has problems with measurement accuracy, but also requires extensive measurement work that takes time. Furthermore, when checking the accuracy of the shape of the inside of the curved glass, only a few points on the glass are measured and the error from the drawing is confirmed, which cannot be said to be sufficient quality control.

To solve these problems, a process is needed to understand the exact shape of the curved glass during the glass production stage before on-site construction, and to share data so that the positions of installation fasteners, drilling positions, and loose holes can be checked and adjusted on-site.

On the other hand, when trying to obtain three-dimensional coordinate data using a 3D scanner to measure the surface of glass, the glass transmits the measurement laser, making it impossible to obtain coordinate data for the glass surface, and making it difficult to measure the shape as is.

Therefore, the present invention has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and provides a method for measuring the curved glass surface shape that can accurately measure the glass shape.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs the following means.
That is, the method for measuring the shape of a curved glass surface according to the present invention comprises a peripheral colored area forming step of providing a peripheral colored area, which is a colored area of a color other than transparent, along the periphery of the surface of a glass member; a surface colored area forming step of providing a surface colored area, which is a colored area of a color other than transparent, at a location other than the periphery of the surface of the glass member; a three-dimensional measurement step of measuring a measurement range including the peripheral colored area and the surface colored area from a specified direction facing the surface using a three-dimensional scanner; a peripheral shape measurement step of measuring the shape of the peripheral area from the measurement values of the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement range measured by the three-dimensional scanner; and a surface shape measurement step of measuring the shape of the surface from the measurement values of the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement range measured by the three-dimensional scanner.

In the method for measuring the curved shape of glass configured in this manner, a peripheral colored area is provided on the periphery of the glass member in the peripheral colored area forming process, and a surface colored area is provided at a location other than the periphery of the surface of the glass member in the surface colored area forming process. As a result, even if the reflected light from the glass member, which is transparent to light in the visible wavelength range, to the three-dimensional scanner is extremely weak, the reflected light from the peripheral colored area and the surface colored area can be received by the three-dimensional scanner in the three-dimensional measurement process, and the measurement values of the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement range including the peripheral colored area and the surface colored area can be obtained. In the peripheral shape measurement process, the dimensions related to the periphery can be measured from the measurement values of the three-dimensional coordinates of the peripheral colored area. In the surface shape measurement process, the dimensions related to the surface can be measured from the measurement values of the three-dimensional coordinates of the surface colored area. Therefore, according to the above-mentioned method for measuring the curved shape of glass, the shape of the glass member can be easily measured with high accuracy according to the spatial resolution of the three-dimensional scanner. Furthermore, with the above-mentioned method for measuring the curved shape of glass surfaces, the measurement range can be acquired all at once using a three-dimensional scanner, allowing for good control of the dimensions related to the periphery and surface of the glass component, as well as the quality of the glass component.

In addition, in the glass curved surface shape measurement method according to the present invention, in the peripheral colored area forming step, the peripheral colored area may be formed on the surface by attaching a tape material of a predetermined width and a color other than transparent to the surface along the periphery.

In this method for measuring the curved shape of glass, a peripheral colored area can be easily created on the glass member by applying a tape material of a color other than transparent along the periphery of the glass member.

In addition, in the glass curved surface shape measurement method according to the present invention, in the surface coloring area formation step, the surface coloring area may be formed on the surface by attaching a tape material of a color other than transparent having a predetermined width in the vertical and horizontal directions to the surface.

In this method for measuring the curved shape of glass, a surface colored area can be easily created on the glass member by attaching tape material of a color other than transparent to the surface of the glass member vertically and horizontally.

The method for measuring the curved glass surface shape according to the present invention allows the glass shape to be measured accurately.

1 is a perspective view of a curved glass sheet that is a measurement target of a method for measuring a curved glass surface shape according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating a method for measuring a curved glass surface shape according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3 is a diagram illustrating a peripheral shape measuring step in part A of FIG. 2. 3 is a diagram for explaining a surface shape measuring step in part B of FIG. 2. 3 is a diagram for explaining shape management in the surface shape measurement process in part B of FIG. 2. 1A to 1C are diagrams for explaining verification of a method for measuring a curved glass surface shape according to an embodiment of the present invention. 1A to 1C are diagrams illustrating verification results of a method for measuring a curved glass surface shape according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Below, one embodiment of the method for measuring the curved glass surface shape according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the method for measuring the curved glass shape in this embodiment is a method for measuring the dimensions of a glass member (bent glass) 10. The glass member 10 is installed, for example, as part of the exterior of a building. With the glass member 10 installed, the horizontal direction is the X direction, and the vertical direction is the Y direction. The depth direction perpendicular to the X direction and the Y direction is the Z direction. The glass member 10 is formed, for example, from tempered glass, and is substantially transparent to light in the visible wavelength range. The surface 10a of the glass member 10 is curved, bulging and denting in the Z direction.

The direction along the Z direction with respect to the surface 10a of the glass member 10 is referred to as the measurement direction D. When viewed from the measurement direction D, the glass member 10 is substantially rectangular. When viewed from the measurement direction D, the periphery 11 of the surface 10a of the glass member 10 is an upper end 11a, a right end 11b, a lower end 11c, and a left end 11d. A peripheral colored area 101, which is a colored area of a color other than transparent, is provided on the periphery 11 of the surface 10a of the glass member 10.

In the present embodiment, first surface colored regions (surface colored regions) 102, which are colored regions of a color other than transparent, are provided in the vertical and horizontal directions on the surface 10a of the glass member 10 other than the periphery 11. The first surface colored regions 102 along the vertical direction extend in the Y direction and are provided in multiple areas spaced apart in the X direction. The first surface colored regions 102 along the horizontal direction extend in the X direction and are provided in multiple areas spaced apart in the Y direction.

The color of the peripheral colored region 101 and the first surface colored region 102 is, for example, white or a chromatic color such as blue, yellow, or red, and is matte.

The peripheral colored region 101 and the first surface colored region 102 have a predetermined width 100R. Since the predetermined width 100R needs to be represented by multiple point image data when measured by the three-dimensional scanner 200 described later, it is preferable that the predetermined width 100R is four or more times the minimum dimension that can be distinguished by the three-dimensional scanner 200 at the separation distance LL between the light receiving position 205 of the three-dimensional scanner 200 and the center position (reference position) 215 of the measurement range 210. In other words, the predetermined width 100R is at least twice the spatial resolution of the three-dimensional scanner 200 at the separation distance LL, and preferably four or more times. The predetermined width 100R is appropriately set according to the separation distance LL in the measurement direction D and the spatial resolution of the three-dimensional scanner 200. As an example, when using a commercially available 3D scanner (product name: FocusS Plus150, manufacturer: FARO), if the separation distance LL is 10 m, it is preferable that the predetermined width 100R is 24 mm or more.

The peripheral colored region 101 and the first surface colored region 102 are formed by a tape material 110 having a predetermined width 100R. The tape material 110 may be, for example, a film, masking tape, curing tape, packing tape, etc., but is not particularly limited as long as it is a tape material that can be attached and detached to the glass member 10 and does not deteriorate the design of the glass member 10 when removed.

A second surface colored area (surface colored area) 103, which is a colored area of a color other than transparent, is provided on the surface 10a of the glass member 10. The second surface colored area 103 is dot-shaped. The shape of the second surface colored area 103 can be set appropriately, such as a circle, an ellipse, or a polygon such as a triangle or a rectangle. The second surface colored area 103 has a predetermined size 111R. It is preferable that the predetermined size 111R is approximately 50 mm or more.

The second surface colored region 103 is provided at a location other than the periphery 11 of the surface 10a of the glass member 10, and is preferably provided at a location that is an important control item, such as the inflection point of the glass member 10 (the position of maximum bending in the out-of-plane direction) or the installation position of a joint metal fitting.

The color of the second surface colored region 103 is, for example, white or a chromatic color such as blue, yellow, or red, and is matte.

The second surface colored region 103 is formed by a tape material 111 having a predetermined size 111R. The tape material 111 may be, for example, a film, masking tape, curing tape, packing tape, etc., but is not particularly limited as long as it is a tape material that can be attached and detached to the glass member 10 and does not deteriorate the design of the glass member 10 when removed.

The method for measuring the curved glass surface shape in this embodiment includes a peripheral colored area forming process, a surface colored area forming process, a three-dimensional measurement process, a peripheral shape measuring process, and a surface shape measuring process.

In the peripheral colored region forming process, a peripheral colored region 101 having a predetermined width 100R relative to the peripheral edge 11 is provided on the surface 10a of the glass member 10.

In the surface coloring region formation process, a first surface coloring region 102 having a predetermined width 100R in the vertical and horizontal directions is provided on the surface 10a of the glass member 10, and a second surface coloring region 103 having a predetermined size 111R is provided.

Next, in the three-dimensional measurement process, the measurement values (three-dimensional coordinate measurement values, hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as three-dimensional coordinate values) obtained for each coordinate of the three-dimensional coordinate system with the X-, Y-, and Z-directions of the measurement range 210 of the glass member 10 as axes are measured by the three-dimensional scanner 200 from the measurement direction D (i.e., the direction toward approximately the center of the measurement range 210 from a position a predetermined distance away from the glass member 10 toward the outdoor side). The distance LL between the light receiving position 205 of the three-dimensional scanner 200 and the center position 215 of the measurement range 210 may be set appropriately taking into consideration the site conditions, the size of the building containing the glass member 10, etc. The measurement range 210 is an area including the peripheral colored area 101, the first surface colored area 102, and the second surface colored area 103.

Note that, although the center position 215 is exemplified as the reference position of the measurement range 210, the reference position may be any position that can serve as a reference in the method for measuring the curved glass shape of this embodiment. In the method for measuring the curved glass shape of this embodiment, the three-dimensional coordinate values of the measurement range 210 may be measured in a single scan, or the measurement range 210 may be divided and measured in multiple scans. The number of scans can be set appropriately taking into account the imaging range and spatial resolution of the 3D scanner 200, etc.

The three-dimensional scanner 200 is supported by a support mechanism (not shown). The three-dimensional scanner 200 may be provided, for example, on a self-propelled mobile robot, a crane device, or the like that can be operated directly or remotely. When the glass member 10 is formed in a curved or complex shape and multiple scans are to be performed, the measurement using the three-dimensional scanner 200 can be carried out smoothly if the three-dimensional scanner 200 is provided on a self-propelled mobile robot, a crane device, or the like as described above.

Next, in the peripheral shape measurement process, the dimensions of the peripheral edge 11 of the surface 10a of the glass member 10 are measured from the three-dimensional coordinate values of the measurement range 210 measured by the three-dimensional scanner 200. The dimensions of the peripheral edge 11 include all dimensions of the peripheral edge 11, such as the depth of the peripheral edge 11 (dimension in the Z direction), the inclination of the peripheral edge 11 in the X direction, the inclination of the peripheral edge 11 in the Y direction, etc.

Next, in the surface shape measurement process, the dimensions of the surface 10a of the glass member 10 are measured from the three-dimensional coordinate values of the measurement range 210 measured by the three-dimensional scanner 200. The dimensions of the surface 10a include all dimensions of the surface 10a, such as the bulge dimension of the surface 10a in the Z direction, the recess dimension in the Z direction, etc.

The three-dimensional scanner 200 is connected to a computer 220 such as a personal computer by cable 202 or wirelessly. The computer 220 may be built into the three-dimensional scanner 200. The three-dimensional coordinate values of the measurement range 210 acquired by the three-dimensional scanner 200 are output to the computer 220. The computer 220 performs the processing and calculations described below based on the input values, and measures the dimensions related to the periphery 11.

The values acquired by the 3D scanner 200 include the three-dimensional coordinates, i.e., the values of the glass member 10 and the tape material 110 at each coordinate value in the X, Y, and Z directions, as three-dimensional data. The three-dimensional coordinate values include the measurement values of each color of the three primary colors of light, RGB, and the measurement value of brightness at each coordinate value (hereinafter referred to as RGB values and brightness values).

Fig. 2 is a diagram for explaining a method for measuring the shape of a curved glass surface, and Fig. 3 is a diagram for explaining a peripheral shape measuring step in part A of Fig. 2.
As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, in the peripheral shape measurement process, a data range indicating coloring in the three-dimensional coordinate values is extracted as a peripheral colored region 101, i.e., a region of the tape material 110. An approximation curve (or an approximation straight line, hereinafter collectively referred to as an approximation curve) of the surface of the tape material 110 is obtained based on the three-dimensional coordinate values of the tape material 110. The approximation curve can be determined by adopting an appropriate approximation from, for example, linear approximation, logarithmic approximation, polynomial approximation, cumulative approximation, or exponential approximation from the point cloud data (values) of the three-dimensional coordinates. For example, the position of the peripheral edge 11 of the surface 10a of the glass member 10 can be determined from the point cloud data of the tape material 110 and the data of the laser reflectance. By comparing the shape of the peripheral edge 11 of the surface 10a of the glass member 10 with the drawing data, the manufacturing error of the shape of the peripheral edge 11 of the surface 10a of the glass member 10 (shape of the glass edge), which is an important management item in manufacturing, can be calculated.

For example, the laser reflection intensity represents the intensity of the laser light that is emitted for measurement from the three-dimensional scanner 200, strikes the glass member 10 within the measurement range 210, is reflected from the glass member 10, and is then received by the three-dimensional scanner 200. In addition, in the above-mentioned method for measuring the curved glass surface shape, including such a case, at least before the three-dimensional measurement process, color calibration is performed in advance with the 3D scanner to be used, and the RGB values and threshold values of the laser reflection intensity are calculated.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the surface shape measuring step in part B of FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2 (the second surface colored region 103 is omitted in FIG. 2) and FIG. 4, in the surface shape measurement process, a data range indicating coloring in the three-dimensional coordinate values is extracted as the first surface colored region 102, i.e., the region of the tape material 110. An approximation curve (or an approximation straight line, hereinafter collectively referred to as an approximation curve) of the surface of the tape material 110 is obtained based on the three-dimensional coordinate values of the tape material 110. For example, the position to be managed in shape is a position 750 mm away from the periphery 11 of the surface 10a of the glass member 10 in the X direction. The coordinate B1 can be obtained by linear approximation using the point cloud data A1 and A2 of two points sandwiching X=750. As shown in FIG. 5, the accuracy of the glass member 10 can be managed by collating the obtained coordinate data with the drawing data. Similarly, the accuracy of the metal fitting mounting position can be measured by collating the coordinate data with the drawing data by obtaining coordinate data in the second surface colored region 103.

Next, the results of verification of the method for measuring the shape of a curved glass surface according to this embodiment will be described.
As shown in Fig. 6, two glass members 10 are arranged on the left and right. The glass member 10 on the left side is provided with a peripheral colored region 101 and a first surface colored region 102. The glass member 10 on the right side is provided with a peripheral colored region 101.

As shown in Figure 7, for the glass member 10 on the right, the edge of the upper right corner is poorly accurate, with a large error of about 15 mm compared to the drawing. Therefore, it is clear that the adjustment amount of the mounting fastener in this area needs to be corrected. In addition, for the glass member 10 on the left, the bending accuracy of the inside of the glass can be confirmed from the coordinate data of the first surface colored area 102, which is arranged in a mesh pattern, and it is found to be accurate to about ±4 mm.

As described above, the method for measuring the curved glass surface shape of this embodiment includes at least a peripheral colored area forming process, a surface colored area forming process, a three-dimensional measuring process, a peripheral shape measuring process, and a surface shape measuring process. In the peripheral colored area forming process, a peripheral colored area 101 having a predetermined width 100R relative to the peripheral edge 11 is provided on the surface 10a of the glass member 10. In the surface colored area forming process, a first surface colored area 102 having a predetermined width 100R in the vertical and horizontal directions is provided on the surface 10a of the glass member 10, and a second surface colored area 103 having a predetermined size 111R is provided at a location other than the peripheral edge 11. In the three-dimensional measuring process, the three-dimensional coordinate values of the measurement range 210 are measured by the three-dimensional scanner 200 from the measurement direction D facing the surface 10a of the glass member 10. In the peripheral shape measuring process, the dimensions related to the peripheral edge 11 are measured from the three-dimensional coordinate values of the measurement range 210 measured by the three-dimensional scanner 200. In the surface shape measurement process, dimensions related to the surface 10a are measured from the three-dimensional coordinate values of the measurement range 210 measured by the three-dimensional scanner 200.

According to the above-mentioned method for measuring the curved shape of glass, in the peripheral coloring region forming process, a peripheral coloring region 101 is provided on the peripheral 11 of the glass member 10, and in the surface coloring region forming process, a first surface coloring region 102 and a second surface coloring region 103 are provided at locations other than the peripheral 11 on the surface of the glass member 10. As a result, even if the reflected light from the glass member 10, which is transparent to light in the visible wavelength range, to the three-dimensional scanner is extremely weak, the reflected light from the peripheral coloring region 101, the first surface coloring region 102, and the second surface coloring region 103 can be received by the three-dimensional scanner in the three-dimensional measurement process, and the measurement values of the three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement range 210 including the peripheral coloring region 101, the first surface coloring region 102, and the second surface coloring region 103 can be obtained. In the peripheral shape measurement process, the dimensions related to the peripheral 11 can be measured from the measurement values of the three-dimensional coordinates of the peripheral coloring region 101. In the surface shape measurement process, the dimensions of the surface 10a can be measured from the measured values of the three-dimensional coordinates of the first surface colored region 102 and the second surface colored region 103. Therefore, according to the above-mentioned method for measuring the curved glass shape, the shape of the glass member 10 can be easily measured with high accuracy according to the spatial resolution of the three-dimensional scanner. Furthermore, according to the above-mentioned method for measuring the curved glass shape, the measurement range 210 can be acquired all at once by the three-dimensional scanner, so that the dimensions of the periphery 11 and surface 10a of the glass member 10, and the quality of the glass member 10 can be well managed.

In addition, by applying a tape material 110 of a color other than transparent along the periphery 11 of the glass member 10, a peripheral colored area 101 can be easily provided on the glass member 10.

In addition, by attaching tape material 110 of a color other than transparent to the surface 10a of the glass member 10 in the vertical and horizontal directions, the first surface colored region 102 can be easily provided on the glass member 10.

The above describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and may be modified within the scope of the gist of the present invention as described in the claims.

10 Glass member 10a Surface 11 Periphery 100R Predetermined width 101 Periphery colored area 102 First surface colored area (surface colored area)
103 Second surface colored area (surface colored area)
110 Tape material 200 Three-dimensional scanner 210 Measurement range D Measurement direction (predetermined direction)

Claims (3)

a peripheral coloring region forming step of providing a peripheral coloring region, which is a coloring region of a color other than transparent, along the peripheral edge of the surface of the glass member;
a surface coloring region forming step of providing a surface coloring region, which is a coloring region of a color other than transparent, on a portion of the surface of the glass member other than the peripheral edge;
a three-dimensional measuring step of measuring a measurement range including the peripheral colored area and the surface colored area from a predetermined direction facing the surface with a three-dimensional scanner;
a peripheral shape measuring step of measuring the shape of the peripheral edge from the measurement values of three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement range measured by the three-dimensional scanner;
a surface shape measuring step of measuring a shape of the surface from measurement values of three-dimensional coordinates of the measurement range measured by the three-dimensional scanner ,
In the surface coloring region forming step, a first surface coloring region having a predetermined width in the vertical and horizontal directions and a second surface coloring region having a predetermined size are provided on the surface of the glass member;
A method for measuring the shape of a curved glass surface , wherein the second surface colored region is in the form of dots . In the peripheral color area forming step,
2. The method for measuring a curved glass surface shape according to claim 1, wherein the peripheral colored area is provided on the surface by attaching a tape material of a predetermined width and a color other than transparent to the surface along the peripheral edge. In the surface coloring region forming step,
3. The method for measuring a curved glass surface shape according to claim 1, wherein the surface colored area is provided on the surface by attaching a tape material of a color other than transparent having a predetermined width in the vertical and horizontal directions on the surface.

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