JP7667993B2 - Roof structure - Google Patents

Description

Applicable under Article 30, Paragraph 2 of the Patent Act. Installed on the grounds of Ryoinji Temple on November 27, 2019.

The present invention relates to a roof structure that is primarily installed to keep snow off building entrances.

In temples in snowy regions, prefabricated snow protection roofs like the one shown in Figure 8 are installed at the entrances to prevent the entrances from being blocked by snow on the roof in winter. Traditionally, the installation and removal of such snow protection roofs was done by temple parishioners, but in recent years, it has become difficult to secure the manpower required to install and remove snow protection roofs, and there is a demand for snow protection roofs that can be left in place permanently. However, adding a snow protection roof to an existing roof is very expensive.

In light of the above-mentioned circumstances, the present invention aims to provide a roof structure that is strong, durable, and easy to install, and that matches traditional Japanese buildings such as temples and shrines.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the roof structure of the invention described in claim 1 is a roof structure that is installed away from an existing building to protect the entrances and exits of the existing building from snow, and comprises a framework made of aluminum profiles and a wooden roof placed on the framework and secured with bolts , the framework has four pillars erected from the ground at intervals in the front-to-back and left-to-right directions, front-to-back girders erected on the upper ends of the front and rear pillars, and left-to-right girders connecting the front-to-back girders at the front and rear pillars, and the roof is characterized in that all components except for the roofing material are made of wood, and has wooden front-to-back girders and left-to-right girders placed on the aluminum front-to-back girders and left-to-right girders of the framework and secured with bolts .

The roof structure according to the invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of the invention described in claim 1, the boundary between the aluminum framework and the wooden roof is a single horizontal plane.

The roof structure according to the invention described in claim 3 is characterized in that, in addition to the configuration of the invention described in claim 1 or 2, the left and right girders of the frame are fixed with metal fittings to the columns and the front-to-rear girders of the frame with their longitudinal ends placed on the columns.

The roof structure according to the invention described in claim 1 has a framework that supports the roof made of aluminum shaped materials, so it is strong and durable, and is easy to install because there is no need to lay a new foundation. Moreover, because the roof is made of wood, it matches well with traditional Japanese buildings such as temples and shrines.

In the roof structure according to the invention described in claim 2, the boundary between the aluminum framework and the wooden roof is a single horizontal plane, so that after the framework is erected, the wooden roof can be easily constructed on top of it. It is also possible to install roofs of different designs on a common framework.

The roof structure according to the invention described in claim 3 comprises a pair of left and right portal frames with girders erected in the front-rear direction on the upper ends of the front and rear pillars, and left and right girders that connect the left and right portal frames at the front and rear pillar positions, respectively. The left and right girders are fixed to the pillars and the front-rear girders with metal fittings with their longitudinal ends resting on the pillars, preventing shaking even when lateral forces are applied during earthquakes or typhoons.

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a roof structure of the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2A is a plan view of the roof structure, and FIG. 2B is a bottom view of the roof structure. FIG. 2 is an enlarged front view showing a connection between a column and a girder of the framework. This is an enlarged front view showing the joint between the framework and the roof. FIG. 2 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional view of a portion of the roof. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the construction procedure of the framework. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an example of a conventional prefabricated snow protection roof.

Below, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Figures 1 to 6 show one embodiment of the roof structure of the present invention. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, this roof structure is installed in a portion of the eaves of a temple roof 10 that corresponds to an entrance, and prevents the entrance from being blocked by snow that has fallen from the temple roof 10. This roof structure comprises a framework 1 made of aluminum shaped members, and a wooden roof 2 placed on top of the framework 1 and fixed with bolts 11 (see Figure 5). The boundary 3 between the aluminum framework 1 and the wooden roof 2 is a single horizontal plane, as shown in Figure 1.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the framework 1 has four pillars 4a, 4a, 4b, 4b erected from the ground G at intervals in the front-rear and left-right directions, front-rear girders 5, 5 erected on the upper ends of the front and rear pillars 4a, 4b, and left-right girders 7, 7 connecting the left and right front-rear girders 5, 5 at the positions of the front and rear pillars 4a, 4b. The pillars 4a, 4a, 4b, 4b, the front-rear girders 5, 5, and the left-right girders 7, 7 are formed from hollow aluminum members with rectangular cross sections. The top surface of the framework 1 forms a single horizontal plane.
As shown in Fig. 4, the columns 4a, 4b and the longitudinal girder 5 are connected by attaching angle-shaped metal fittings 12 across the underside of the longitudinal girder 5 and the front or rear surface of the columns 4a, 4b and fixing them with bolts 13. The longitudinal girder 5 is narrower in width than the columns 4a, 4b.
With its longitudinal ends placed on the columns 4a and 4b, the left-right girder 7 abuts its end face against the inner surface of the front-rear girder 5 and is connected to the front-rear girder 5 with angle-shaped metal fittings 8 and bolts 13. Furthermore, the ends of the left-right girder 7 are also connected to the columns 4a and 4b with angle-shaped metal fittings 9 and bolts 13.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the roof 2 is curved with a karahafu (gabled roof) that rises in an arc shape in the center in the left-right direction. The roof 2 has wooden longitudinal girders 14, 14 and transverse girders 15, 15 placed on the aluminum longitudinal girders 5, 5 and transverse girders 7, 7 of the framework 1 and fixed with bolts 11, wooden beams 16, 16 erected in the center of the front and rear transverse girders 15, 15, a ridge pole 17 erected on the front and rear beams 16, 16, a number of rafters 23, 23, ... attached at intervals in the front-rear direction across the ridge pole 17 and the longitudinal girders 14, 14, gables 24, 24 attached to the front and rear end faces of the ridge pole 17 and the transverse girders 14, 14, and roofing material 18 attached to the rafters 23, 23, ... A triangular cross-section protrusion 19 is provided along the front-to-back direction on the top surface of the central part of the roof 2 in order to split falling snow to the left and right.

As shown in FIG. 5, the aluminum beams 5 and 7 of the framework 1 have female threaded holes 20 on their upper surfaces into which the bolts 11 are screwed, and the wooden beams 14 and 15 of the roof 2 have insertion holes 21 and countersunk holes 22 for the bolts 11. The bolts 11 are inserted from above into the bolt insertion holes 21 of the wooden beams 14 and 15 and screwed into the female threaded holes 20 of the aluminum beams 5 and 7 to secure the aluminum beams 5 and 7 to the wooden beams 14 and 15. The bolts 11 are spaced about 30 to 40 cm apart. The aluminum beams 5 and 7 and the wooden beams 14 and 15 expand and contract differently due to temperature changes, but by forming the bolt insertion holes 21 and countersunk holes 22 of the wooden beams 14 and 15 with a margin for the diameter of the threaded portion and head of the bolt 11, the difference in the amount of expansion and contraction can be absorbed and the beams 5, 7, 14, and 15 can be prevented from being deformed by heat. In addition, by drilling female screw holes 20 directly into the aluminum beams 5 and 7, the bolts 11 can be prevented from loosening.

As shown in Figure 6, the roofing material 18 has a three-layer structure consisting of a thin wooden plate 25 bent and attached along the top surface of the rafters 23, wooden strips 26 attached in a row on top of the thin wooden plate 25 in the left-right direction, and a roofing material 27 made of a thin steel plate attached on top of the thin wooden plate 25.

Next, the construction procedure of this roof structure will be described. First, as shown in Fig. 7(a), a pair of gate-shaped frames 6, 6 are formed by erecting the front-rear girders 5 on the front and rear columns 4a, 4b, and the lower parts of the columns 4a, 4b are inserted into square holes 28 that have been dug in the ground beforehand. Mortar 29 is poured into the holes 28 and hardened to fix the columns 4a, 4b to the ground. Next, as shown in Fig. 7(b), the left-right girders 7, 7 are placed with their ends placed on the front and rear columns 4a, 4b, and as shown in Fig. 7(c), the front-rear girders 5, 5 and the left-right girders 7, 7 are assembled in a grid pattern and fixed.
Thereafter, the roof 2 is constructed on the assembled framework 1. The procedure is as follows: wooden front-rear girders 14, 14 and left-right girders 15, 15 are placed on the top surfaces of the front-rear girders 5, 5 and left-right girders 7, 7 of the framework 1 and fixed with bolts 11, beams 16, 16 are erected on the left-right girders 15, 15, and a ridge pole 17 is erected on the beams 16, 16. After that, rafters 23, 23, ... and gables 24 are attached across the ridge pole 17 and the left and right front-rear girders 14, 14. After that, roof material 18 is attached on the rafters 23, 23, .... Note that bolt insertion holes and female screw holes are pre-machined in each aluminum and wooden member, so that assembly can be easily performed without drilling holes at the construction site.

As described above, this roof structure has a framework 1 supporting the roof 2 made of aluminum shaped members, which gives it excellent strength and durability, and is also easy to install since there is no need to lay a new foundation. Moreover, since the roof 2 is made of wood, it matches well with traditional Japanese buildings such as temples and shrines.
In addition, in this roof structure, the boundary 3 between the aluminum framework 1 and the wooden roof 2 forms a single horizontal plane, so that the wooden roof 2 can be easily constructed on top of the framework 1 after it has been erected. Also, roofs of different designs can be installed on a common framework.
Furthermore, this roof structure comprises a pair of left and right gate-shaped frames 6, 6 with girders 5 erected in the fore-and-aft direction on the upper ends of the front and rear columns 4a, 4b, and left and right girders 7, 7 that connect the left and right gate-shaped frames 6, 6 at the front and rear columns 4a, 4b, respectively. The left and right girders 7, 7 are fixed to the columns 4a, 4b and the front-and-aft girders 5, 5 with metal fittings 8, 9 with their longitudinal ends placed on the columns 4a, 4b, thereby preventing shaking even when lateral forces are applied during an earthquake or typhoon.

The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above. The structure and shape of the roof portion can be changed as appropriate, and is not limited to the curved shape as in the embodiments, but may also be slanted diagonally to the left and right, etc. The location where the roof structure of the present invention is installed and the purpose of installation are not particularly limited.

1 Frame 2 Roof 3 Boundary between frame and roof 4a, 4b Column 5 Front-rear girder 6 Gate-shaped frame 7 Left-right girder 8, 9 Metal fittings

Claims (3)

A roof structure that is installed away from an existing building to protect the entrances and exits of the existing building from snow, the roof structure comprising a framework made of aluminum shaped members and a wooden roof placed on the framework and secured with bolts , the framework having four pillars erected from the ground at intervals in the front-to-back and left-to-right directions, front-to-back girders erected on the upper ends of the front and rear pillars, and left-to-right girders connecting the front-to-back girders at the front and rear pillars, the roof being made of wood in all components except for the roofing material, and having wooden front-to-back girders and left-to-right girders placed on the aluminum front-to-back girders and left-to-right girders of the framework and secured with bolts . The roof structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the boundary between the aluminum frame and the wooden roof is a single horizontal plane. 3. The roof structure according to claim 1, wherein the left-right girders of the framework are fixed to the columns and the front-rear girders of the framework with metal fittings while their longitudinal ends are placed on the columns.

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