JP7675924B2 - tube expander - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an expansion device for heat exchanger tubes, and in particular to a tube expander.

The heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger of a central air conditioning system need to expand to fit closely with the heat dissipation fin module in order to achieve a good heat exchange effect, and the above structure is generally achieved by using a tube expansion machine.

In a typical central air conditioner, both ends of the heat exchange tube protrude from both sides of the fin module, but currently, in some water-type central air conditioner heat exchangers, both ends of the heat exchange tube are flush with both sides of the heat dissipation fin module. If a conventional expander is used, the heat exchange tube protruding at both ends must be cut off after expansion is complete, which not only requires labor but also wastes materials. Therefore, conventional expanders are not suitable for expanding this model of heat exchanger, and it is necessary to adapt to the expansion of heat exchangers of various specifications, and to connect and align with subsequent equipment, and to redesign the conveying device of the expander. Therefore, the applicant has designed a tube expander that solves all of the above problems.

The present invention provides a tube expander to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art.

The technical means adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is a pipe expansion machine comprising a base, an expander and a conveying device mounted on the base, the expander comprising a pipe expansion mechanism and a pipe abutment mechanism, the pipe expansion mechanism comprising an expansion mandrel, an expansion mandrel drive mechanism for moving the expansion mandrel, and a front guide device for guiding the expansion mandrel, the pipe abutment mechanism comprising a pipe abutment telescopic positioning mechanism and a pipe abutment drive mechanism for moving the pipe abutment telescopic positioning mechanism, the pipe abutment telescopic positioning mechanism comprising a rear abutment rod, a rear abutment socket, and an elastic return member, the rear butt rod is slidably fitted into the socket hole of the rear butt socket, and a limiting structure is provided between the rear butt socket and the rear butt rod to prevent the rear butt socket from falling off the rear butt rod, the elastic return member is provided on the rear butt rod and can push the rear butt socket, the transport device includes a lifting support, the lifting support is connected to a base via a lifting drive structure, a plurality of lifting supports are provided on the lifting support, and a lifting drive unit and a limiting structure are provided between the lifting support and the lifting drive unit to limit the movement of the rear butt socket from the rear butt rod. a driving lifting plate is provided, a transport stand and a transport drive structure for moving and driving the transport stand are provided on the lifting support, the heat exchanger can be transported to an expanding position and a next processing position by the transport stand, the lifting plate can lift the heat exchanger at the expanding position, and the heat exchanger at the expanding position can be expanded by an expander, the expanding mandrel drive mechanism includes a mandrel drive frame, a first guide rail assembly and a first ball screw assembly provided on a base, the mandrel drive frame includes the first guide rail assembly and A mandrel drive motor is connected to the first ball screw assembly and provided on the mandrel drive frame, and the mandrel drive motor is connected to the ball screw assembly via a mandrel transmission mechanism to rotate and drive a nut in the ball screw assembly, thereby moving the entire mandrel drive frame, the expansion mandrel is fixed to a receiving hole in the mandrel drive frame, the front guide device includes a guide tube and a front guide frame, the guide tube is fixed to the front guide frame, and the expansion mandrel passes through the guide tube.

The rear abutment rod has a first rod and a second rod, the first rod is slidably fitted into the socket hole of the rear abutment socket, and an escape hole is provided on the end face of the first rod.

The rod head limiting structure comprises a stepped surface provided on the first rod and a convex ring provided in the socket hole, the convex ring being able to abut against the stepped surface, the first rod comprising a rod head and a rod body, and the stepped surface being formed by the end surface where the rod head and rod body intersect.

The lifting drive structure includes a lifting drive motor, a transmission structure, and four lifts arranged in a rectangle, the lifting support is fixed to the lifts, and the lifting drive motor is connected to the four lifts via the transmission structure, thereby driving the four lifts to rise and fall simultaneously.

The transport drive structure includes a transport motor provided on the lifting platform and a reducer, a drive gear is provided on the output shaft of the reducer, the transport platform is connected to the lifting platform via a second guide rail assembly, and a rack that meshes with the drive gear is provided on the transport platform.

The transport platform has transport plates arranged opposite each other, both ends of the transport plates are fixed together via connecting rods, the second guide rail assemblies are provided on both sides of the lifting platform, and the lifting platform is located between the two transport plates.

Between the mandrel drive mechanism and the front guide device, a plurality of sliding guide mechanisms are provided, and the sliding guide mechanisms include guide slide shafts arranged opposite each other on a base, and guide sliders that slide on the guide slide shafts. The guide sliders are connected to each other with guy ropes, the guide slider closest to the front guide device is connected to the front guide device with a guy rope, the guide slider closest to the mandrel drive frame is connected to the mandrel drive frame with a guy rope, guide slide holes are provided on the guide sliders, and the mandrel is slidably fitted into the guide slide holes.

The mandrel drive frame is provided with a guide plate and a locking plate, the receiving hole is on the guide plate, a receiving hole connected to the receiving hole is provided on the guide plate, a locking hole and a retreat hole partially intersecting the locking hole are provided on the locking plate, and a limiting ring protruding on the tube expansion mandrel is provided, and when the limiting ring is positioned in the accommodating hole, the locking plate is lowered by the lock drive unit, so that the position of the locking hole becomes coaxial with the tube expansion mandrel and can abut against the limiting ring.

The advantageous effect of the present invention is that the tube expander expands the heat exchange tube of the heat exchanger through the tube expansion mandrel of the tube expansion mechanism, and while expanding, the other end abuts against the end of the heat exchange tube using the tube abutment extension and contraction positioning mechanism, and when the end of the heat exchange tube is drawn into the heat dissipation fin module, it can always be maintained against the end face of the heat exchange tube until the heat exchange tube is drawn into the heat dissipation fin module after the final expansion is completed. The heat exchanger manufactured by the above-mentioned structure does not need to cut the heat exchange tube, and not only reduces the process but also saves materials, so that the manufacturing cost is reduced. The lifting support table of this tube expansion machine transport device is connected to the base through the lifting drive structure, and the heat exchange tubes of each layer of the heat exchanger can be expanded by lifting and lowering the lifting support table, and the cooperation of the lifting plate and the transport stand realizes the cycle of supplying, expanding, and discharging the heat exchanger, improving production efficiency.

The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of the present invention; FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a pipe abutment drive mechanism. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pipe abutting extension/retraction positioning mechanism according to the present invention, which has just begun pipe expansion. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the pipe abutting extension/retraction positioning mechanism after pipe expansion is completed according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of a tube expansion mechanism and a sliding guide mechanism. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a fixing structure between the tube expansion mandrel and the mandrel drive frame. FIG. FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of a front guide device. FIG. FIG. 4 is a configuration diagram of an elevator and a transmission shaft arrangement. FIG.

Advantages and features of the present disclosure, as well as methods of implementing the same, will become apparent from the following embodiments, which are illustrated with reference to the drawings. However, the present disclosure may be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. The present invention is limited only by the scope of the claims.

The shapes, dimensions, ratios, angles, and numbers disclosed in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present invention are merely examples, and the present disclosure is not limited to the contents shown in the drawings. The same reference numerals represent the same elements throughout the present specification. In the following description of the present invention, detailed descriptions of related known functions or configurations will be omitted if they are deemed to unnecessarily obscure the gist of the present invention. When "comprises," "has," and "includes" are used in this specification, other components may be added unless "only" is used. Singular terms may include the plural as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

When interpreting the elements, it is understood that the elements include a margin of error, although this is not expressly stated.

When describing a positional relationship, for example when describing a positional relationship as "on", "above", "below", or "adjacent to", one or more parts may be located between other parts as long as "closely attached" or "directly" is not used.

When describing temporal relationships, for example describing the temporal order with "after," "then," "next," and "before," discontinuous situations may be included unless "just" or "directly" are used.

Although terms such as "first", "second", etc. may be used herein to describe various components, it will be understood that these components should not be limited by these terms. These terms are used only to distinguish one component from another. For example, a first component can be referred to as a second component, and similarly, a second component can be referred to as a first component, without departing from the scope of the present disclosure.

As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, features of different embodiments of the present disclosure may be partially or fully combined or combined with each other and may cooperate and be driven by each other in various ways. The embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented independently of each other or may be implemented together in a mutually dependent manner.

Referring to FIG. 1, the present invention discloses a tube expansion machine including a base 1, an expander and a conveying device 111 provided on the base 1, the expander including a tube expansion mechanism 112 and a tube abutment mechanism 113, the tube expansion mechanism 112 including a tube expansion mandrel 13, a tube expansion mandrel drive mechanism for moving the tube expansion mandrel 13, and a front guide device for guiding the tube expansion mandrel 13, after the heat exchanger 114 is conveyed to the tube expansion position by the conveying device 111, the tube abutment mechanism 113 abuts against the end of the heat exchange tube, and at the same time, the tube expansion mandrel 13 is inserted into the tip of the heat exchange tube through the guidance of the front guide device to expand the tube, and the tip after expansion is tightly connected to the heat dissipation fin module, so that the shrinkage movement of the heat exchange tube is finally concentrated at the end, and of course, after the tube expansion is completed, the end is just pulled into the heat dissipation fin module, and the amount of shrinkage remaining at the end is calculated so that it is flush with the heat dissipation fin module.

As shown in Figures 2 to 5, the pipe abutment mechanism 113 comprises a pipe abutment telescopic positioning mechanism and a pipe abutment drive mechanism which moves the pipe abutment telescopic positioning mechanism, and the pipe abutment telescopic positioning mechanism comprises a rear abutment rod 12, a rear abutment socket 2 and an elastic return member 3, the rear abutment rod 12 is slip-fitted into the socket hole of the rear abutment socket 2, a limiting structure is provided between the rear abutment socket 2 and the rear abutment rod 12 to prevent the rear abutment socket 2 from falling off the rear abutment rod 12, and the elastic return member 3 is provided on the rear abutment rod 12 and can push in the rear abutment socket 2. With the above-mentioned structure, in the final stage of tube expansion, the rear butt socket 2 can move back along the rear butt rod 12 after contacting the side of the heat dissipation fin module 4, so that the end face of the rear butt rod 12 can always be kept in contact with the end face of the heat exchange tube 5 until the heat exchange tube 5 is pulled into the heat dissipation fin module 4 after the final tube expansion is completed.

In this application, for the convenience of manufacturing and assembly, the rear butt rod 12 comprises a first rod 6 and a second rod 7, and the first rod 6 is slip-fitted into the socket hole of the rear butt socket 2, so that when the rear butt socket 2 is fitted with the end of the heat exchange tube 5, the end face of the first rod 6 abuts against the end face of the heat exchange tube 5. As a further structure, an escape hole 8 is provided in the end face of the first rod 6, and the escape hole 8 is a tapered hole. After the expansion is completed, the end of the expansion mandrel 13 through which the other end passes requires accommodation space, so the escape hole 8 needs to be a tapered hole that matches the taper of the end of the expansion mandrel 13.

As shown in the figure, the rod head limiting structure comprises a stepped surface provided on the first rod 6 and a convex ring 9 provided in the socket hole, the convex ring 9 being able to abut against the stepped surface, the first rod 6 comprising a rod head and a rod body, the stepped surface being formed by the end surface where the rod head and rod body intersect, but naturally the diameter of the rod head is larger than the diameter of the rod body, so that when the elastic return member 3 pushes the rear abutment socket 2 in, the rear abutment socket 2 will not fall off the first rod 6 due to the restriction of the stepped surface.

As shown in the figure, the elastic return member 3 is a compression spring, a connecting screw hole is provided on the second rod 7, and a connecting screw portion that fits the connecting screw hole is provided on the first rod 6. Since the diameter of the second rod 7 is larger than the diameter of the first rod 6, the end edge of the second rod 7 is higher than the outer surface of the first rod 6, so that one end of the compression spring can abut against the end face of the second rod 7, and the other end of the compression spring abuts against the rear butt socket 2. Since the compression spring is a conventional part that is easily available and inexpensive, after the rear butt socket 2 contracts, it can be pushed back to its original position by the compression spring.

As shown in the figure, a through hole 10 is provided in both the first rod 6 and the second rod 7, the second rod 7 is connected to an oil hose adapter 11, the through hole 10 is connected to the inner hole of the oil hose adapter 11, and the oil hose adapter 11 is connected to an external oil pump, so that when expanding the tube, lubricating oil is pumped through the through hole 10 into the heat exchange tube 5 to lubricate the expansion mandrel 13.

The pipe abutment drive mechanism of the present application includes a pipe abutment movement mount 14, and the pipe abutment extension/retraction positioning mechanism, motor 15, and belt transmission mechanism are attached to the pipe abutment movement mount 14. The motor 15 rotates the ball screw nut via the belt transmission mechanism to move the pipe abutment movement mount 14 along the linear guide rail. The above-mentioned structure is a transmission structure commonly used in the mechanical field, so a detailed explanation of the specific connection relationship is omitted. With the above-mentioned mechanism, when the end of the heat exchange tube contracts, the rear abutment rod 12 is moved by the pipe abutment drive mechanism, so that the end face of the rear abutment rod 12 is always in contact with the end face of the heat exchange tube 5.

As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the expansion mandrel drive mechanism comprises a mandrel drive frame 16, a first guide rail assembly 17 provided on the base 1, and a first ball screw assembly, the mandrel drive frame 16 is connected to the first guide rail assembly 17 and the first ball screw assembly, a mandrel drive motor 18 is provided on the mandrel drive frame 16, the mandrel drive motor 18 is connected to the ball screw assembly via a mandrel transmission mechanism and drives and rotates a nut in the ball screw assembly, thereby moving the entire mandrel drive frame 16, and the expansion mandrel 13 is fixed to a receiving hole 19 of the mandrel drive frame 16. With the above-mentioned structure, the expanding mandrel 13 can expand the tube by moving along the first guide rail assembly 17 by driving the mandrel drive motor 18, and the mandrel transmission mechanism is a belt transmission structure. The belt transmission structure, the first guide rail assembly 17, and the first ball screw assembly are all transmission structures commonly used in the mechanical field, so a detailed explanation of the specific connection relationship is omitted.

As shown in the figure, the specific fixing structure of the expansion mandrel 13: the mandrel drive frame 16 is provided with a guide plate 20 and a locking plate 21, the receiving hole 19 is on the guide plate 20, the guide plate 20 is provided with an accommodation hole 23 connected to the receiving hole 19, the locking hole 24 and the retreat hole 25 partially intersecting with the locking hole 24 are provided on the locking plate 21, and a limiting ring 26 is provided that intersects with the locking hole 24 and the retreat hole 25 to have a gourd shape as a whole and protrudes on the expansion mandrel 13, and the limiting ring 26 is welded to the expansion mandrel 13. When the limiting ring 26 is located in the accommodation hole 23, the locking plate 21 is lowered by the locking drive unit 27, so that the position of the locking hole 24 becomes coaxial with the expansion mandrel 13 and can abut against the limiting ring 26. The locking drive unit 27 is an air cylinder. The above-mentioned structure facilitates replacement and maintenance of the tube expansion mandrel 13. When the locking plate 21 is raised, the retraction hole 25 is coaxial with the receiving hole 19 and the accommodation hole 23, and the diameters of the accommodation hole 23 and the retraction hole 25 are both larger than the receiving hole 19 and the locking hole 24, allowing the limit ring 26 to pass through. Therefore, after the tube expansion mandrel 13 is inserted into the receiving hole 19, the limit ring 26 can be inserted into the accommodation hole 23 through the retraction hole 25, and then the locking plate 21 is lowered to return to its original position, at which time the tube expansion mandrel 13 can be engaged from the retraction hole 25 into the locking hole 24. At this time, the locking hole 24 is coaxial with the receiving hole 19 and the receiving hole 23, and since the diameter of the limiting ring 26 is larger than the diameters of the locking hole 24 and the receiving hole 19, the limiting ring 26 is locked between the locking hole 24 and the receiving hole 19, fixing the expansion mandrel 13 and the mandrel drive frame 16. Of course, to ensure smooth lifting and lowering of the locking plate 21, a groove is drilled in the guide plate 20, the locking plate 21 is in this groove, and this groove is closed by the panel 22.

As shown in FIG. 8, the front guide device includes a guide tube 28 and a front guide frame 29, the guide tube 28 is fixed to the front guide frame 29, and the tube expansion mandrel 13 is inserted through the guide tube 28. The method of fixing the guide tube 28 to the front guide frame 29 is the same as the method of fixing the tube expansion mandrel 13 to the mandrel drive frame 16, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted. More preferably, a front guide frame drive device 30 that drives and moves the front guide frame 29 is attached on the front guide frame 29, and the structure and principle of the front guide frame drive device 30 are the same as those of the tube abutment drive mechanism, so a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in the figure, since the expanding mandrel 13 is very long, it is necessary to provide multiple sliding guide mechanisms between the mandrel drive frame 16 and the front guide frame 29 to prevent bending of the expanding mandrel 13. The sliding guide mechanisms include guide slide shafts 31 arranged opposite each other on the base 1 and guide sliders 32 that slide onto the guide slide shafts 31, the guide sliders 32 are connected to each other by guy ropes, the guide slider 32 closest to the front guide device is connected to the front guide device by a guy rope, the guide slider 32 closest to the mandrel drive frame 16 is connected to the mandrel drive frame 16 by a guy rope, guide sliding holes are provided on the guide sliders 32, and the expanding mandrel 13 slides into the guide sliding holes. With the above-mentioned structure, the sliding guide mechanism is evenly arranged between the expansion mandrel drive mechanism and the front guide device, and when the mandrel drive frame 16 moves the expansion mandrel 13 to expand the tube, it gradually pushes the nearby guide slider 32 and moves together with the mandrel drive frame 16 until the expansion is completed, and resetting the guide slider 32 is also very simple, and when the mandrel drive frame 16 is reset, all the guide sliders 32 are pulled sequentially by the guy rope to reset them, and the above-mentioned structure is simple and low cost.

9 to 11, the conveying device 111 includes a lifting support 33, which is connected to the base 1 via a lifting support drive structure, the lifting support 33 is fixed to the elevators 34, and the lifting drive motor 35 is connected to the four elevators 34 via a transmission structure. Specific configuration of the lifting drive structure: The lifting drive structure includes a lifting drive motor 35, a transmission structure, and four elevators 34 arranged in a rectangle, the lifting drive motor 35 with a reducer is attached to the middle position of the base 1, the transmission structure includes three direction change boxes 36 arranged in a row on the base 1 and a plurality of transmission shafts 6, the positions of the direction change boxes 36 on both sides and the elevators 34 are collinear, and the direction change boxes 36 and the direction change boxes 36 and the corresponding elevators 34 are connected via transmission shafts 37. With the above-described structure, the lifting support 33 can be raised and lowered by driving the four elevators 34 up and down with one motor 15, and the lifting support 33 can be driven with higher precision than with an air cylinder or hydraulic cylinder.

In this application, three lifting supports 38 are arranged in parallel on the lifting support 33, the lifting supports 38 are fixed to the lifting support 33 via support legs at both ends, and a lifting drive unit 39 and a lifting plate 40 driven by the lifting drive unit 39 are provided on the lifting supports 38. In this application, the lifting drive unit 39 is an air cylinder fixed to the bottom surface of the lifting support 38 with a screw, and the shaft of the air cylinder is inserted through the lifting support 38 and fixed to the lifting plate 40, thereby raising and lowering the lifting plate 40 above the lifting support 38.

As shown in the figure, a conveying platform and a conveying drive structure for moving and driving the conveying platform are provided on the lifting platform 38, and the heat exchanger 114 can be conveyed to the expansion position and the next processing position by the conveying platform, and the lifting plate 40 can lift the heat exchanger 114 at the expansion position. Specific configuration of the conveying drive structure: The conveying drive structure includes a conveying motor 41 provided on the lifting platform 38 and a reducer connected to the conveying motor 41, a driving gear 42 is provided on the output shaft of the reducer, the conveying platform is connected to the lifting platform 38 through a guide rail assembly, and a rack 43 meshing with the driving gear 42 is provided on the conveying platform. The above structure is simple and low cost. Specific configuration of the conveying platform: It includes square conveying plates 44 arranged opposite each other, both ends of the conveying plate 44 are fixed together through connecting rods 45, the guide rail assemblies are provided on both sides of the lifting platform 38, and the lifting platform 38 is located between the two conveying plates 44. Therefore, the transport stand can be moved along the lifting platform 38 by driving the transport motor 41 to transport the heat exchanger 114.

Summary of the principle of this structure: In the initial state, the lifting support table 33 is at the lowest position, the lifting plate 40 is not raised, and the top surface of the lifting plate 40 is lower than the side top edge of the transport plate 44. At this time, the left end of the transport rack is in the load position, and the heat exchanger 114 is transported to the left end of the transport rack by the robot arm or transfer table, at this time the right end of the transport rack is in the expansion position, and then the left end of the transport rack moves to the expansion position, at this time the lifting plate 40 rises and pushes up the heat exchanger 114 before it begins to expand, and during the expansion process the transport rack is reset, and since the left end of the transport rack is in the load position, the heat exchanger 114 waiting to be expanded can be placed on it, At this time, the right end of the transport rack is also in the expansion position, and waits for the expansion to be completed. After the expansion is completed, the lifting plate 40 descends and drops the heat exchanger 114 that has been expanded to the right end of the transport rack. At this time, the transport rack moves again, moving the left end of the transport rack to the expansion position, and the right end of the transport rack sends the heat exchanger 114 that has been expanded to the next manufacturing equipment. At the same time, the lifting plate 40 lifts the heat exchanger 114 waiting to be expanded and begins to expand it, continuing the circulation.

The above describes in detail the pipe expander provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and in this specification, the principle and implementation of the present invention are described using specific examples. The above description of the embodiment is used only to help understand the method and core concept of the present invention. At the same time, those skilled in the art will understand that the specific implementation and application scope will change based on the technical concept of the present invention, and in short, the contents of this specification should not be understood as limitations on the present invention.

Claims (8)

A tube expanding machine comprising a base, an expander and a conveying device provided on the base, the expander comprising a tube expanding mechanism and a tube abutment mechanism, the tube expanding mechanism comprising a tube expanding mandrel, a tube expanding mandrel drive mechanism for moving the tube expanding mandrel, and a front guide device for guiding the tube expanding mandrel, the tube abutment mechanism comprising a tube abutment extension/retraction positioning mechanism and a tube abutment drive mechanism for moving the tube abutment extension/retraction positioning mechanism, the tube abutment extension/retraction positioning mechanism comprising a rear abutment rod, a rear abutment socket, and an elastic return member, the rear abutment rod is movable relative to the rear abutment socket, a rear butt socket and a rear butt rod, the rear butt socket and the rear butt rod being slidably fitted into a socket hole of the rear butt rod, and a limiting structure is provided between the rear butt socket and the rear butt rod to prevent the rear butt socket from falling off the rear butt rod; the elastic return member is provided on the rear butt rod and can push in the rear butt socket; the transport device includes a lifting support, the lifting support is connected to the base via a lifting drive structure, a plurality of lifting supports are provided on the lifting support, a lifting drive unit and a lifting plate driven by the lifting drive unit are provided on the lifting support, A transport platform and a transport drive structure for moving and driving the transport platform are provided on the lifting support table, and the heat exchanger can be transported to an expansion position and a next processing position by the transport platform, the lifting plate can lift the heat exchanger at the expansion position, and the heat exchanger at the expansion position can be expanded by the expander, and the mandrel expansion drive mechanism includes a mandrel drive frame, a first guide rail assembly and a first ball screw assembly provided on the base, and the mandrel drive frame is connected to the first guide rail assembly and the first ball screw. a mandrel drive motor is provided on the mandrel drive frame, the mandrel drive motor is connected to a ball screw assembly via a mandrel transmission mechanism and drives a nut in the ball screw assembly to rotate, thereby moving the entire mandrel drive frame, the expansion mandrel is fixed to a receiving hole in the mandrel drive frame, the front guide device comprises a guide tube and a front guide frame, the guide tube is fixed to the front guide frame, and the expansion mandrel is inserted through the guide tube. The tube expander according to claim 1, wherein the rear abutment rod comprises a first rod and a second rod, the first rod is slidably fitted into the socket hole of the rear abutment socket, and an escape hole is provided on the end face of the first rod. The tube expander of claim 2, wherein the rod head limiting structure comprises a step surface provided on the first rod and a convex ring provided within the socket hole, the convex ring being capable of abutting the step surface, the first rod comprising a rod head and a rod body, and the step surface being configured by an end surface where the rod head and the rod body intersect. The tube expansion machine described in claim 1, wherein the lifting drive structure comprises a lifting drive motor, a transmission structure, and four elevators arranged in a rectangle, the lifting support table is fixed to the elevators, and the lifting drive motor is connected to the four elevators via the transmission structure, thereby driving the four elevators to lift and lower simultaneously. The tube expander of claim 4, wherein the conveying drive structure comprises a conveying motor provided on the lifting support and a reducer, a drive gear is provided on the output shaft of the reducer, the conveying platform is connected to the lifting support via a second guide rail assembly, and a rack that meshes with the drive gear is provided on the conveying platform. The tube expander of claim 5, wherein the conveying platform has conveying plates arranged opposite each other, both ends of the conveying plates are fixed together via connecting rods, the second guide rail assembly is provided on both sides of the lifting support, and the lifting support is located between the two conveying plates. The tube expansion machine described in claim 1, wherein a plurality of sliding guide mechanisms are provided between the expansion mandrel drive mechanism and the front guide device, the sliding guide mechanisms include guide slide shafts arranged opposite each other on the base and guide sliders slidingly fitted to the guide slide shafts, the guide sliders are connected to each other by guy ropes, the guide slider closest to the front guide device is connected to the front guide device by the guy rope, the guide slider closest to the mandrel drive frame is connected to the mandrel drive frame by the guy rope, a guide sliding hole is provided on the guide slider, and the expansion mandrel is slidingly fitted into the guide sliding hole. The mandrel drive frame is provided with a guide plate and a locking plate, the receiving hole is on the guide plate, the guide plate has an accommodating hole connected to the receiving hole, the locking plate has an locking hole and an evacuation hole partially intersecting the locking hole, and a limiting ring is provided on the expansion mandrel, and when the limiting ring is positioned in the accommodating hole, the locking plate is lowered by a lock drive unit, so that the position of the locking hole becomes coaxial with the expansion mandrel and can abut against the limiting ring.

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