JP7681089B2 - Drainage Systems and Drains - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a drainage system.

Conventionally, storm water cisterns are placed in the gutters of bridges to drain rainwater (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

The rainwater manhole shown in Patent Document 1 comprises a main body, an upper frame arranged on the top of the main body, and a metal lid arranged on the upper frame, and a drainage pipe is connected to the bottom end of the main body. Rainwater flowing in from the metal lid flows into the drainage pipe via the rainwater manhole.

JP 2016-156243 A

However, with conventional storm water drainage systems, even if high flow rates were attempted, air would flow in along with the drainage due to vortexes, limiting the flow rate. As a result, the only ways to increase the drainage flow rate were to increase the diameter of the pipes or to increase the number of manholes installed.

The present invention aims to provide a drainage system that can achieve high flow rate drainage with a small diameter.

To achieve the above object, the drainage system according to the first invention has a metal lid, a drainage basin, and a drainage member. The drainage basin has an opening in which the metal lid is placed. The drainage member has a lid member and a drain outlet, and is placed inside the drainage basin, inducing the occurrence of a siphon effect in the water drained by a pipe connected to the drain outlet. The drain outlet is formed opposite the lid member.

By providing a drainage member in this manner, a high flow rate can be achieved from the piping connected to the drainage member.

In addition, a siphon effect can be generated, allowing for high flow rate drainage with a small diameter. This allows for the use of smaller diameter piping than before, which is lighter in weight and improves work efficiency, while also reducing costs as less material is required.

The drainage system according to the second invention is the drainage system according to the first invention, and the drainage basin further has a constriction portion. The constriction portion is disposed below the opening and has a smaller area than the opening. The drain outlet is disposed at the same level as the upper end or below the upper end of the constriction portion.

In this way, by locating the drain outlet at the same level as the upper end of the throttle section or lower than the upper end of the throttle section, foreign matter can be discharged through the drain member along with the water flowing from the opening toward the throttle section.

In addition, because the drainage members drain the water at a high flow rate, foreign matter can be forced through the pipes and as much of the foreign matter as possible can be expelled from the pipes. This reduces the amount of foreign matter remaining in the pipes and reduces the occurrence of clogging.

The drainage system according to the third invention is the drainage system according to the second invention, in which the drainage member has an opening to the piping, and the opening is connected to the drain outlet. If the diameter of the constriction portion is r, the diameter of the drainage member is R2, the diameter of the opening is R1, the height from the drain outlet to the cover member is H1, and the height from the drain outlet to the upper end of the constriction portion is H2, then 0≦H2≦H1, R1≦r, and r-R2≦100 mm are satisfied.

As a result, foreign matter is drained by the drainage member in the range 0≦H2≦H1. By setting R1≦r, foreign matter can flow in without resistance to drainage. If r-R2 is greater than 100 mm, i.e., if r is too large compared to R2, foreign matter will not be sucked into the drainage member and will accumulate in the throttling section. However, by setting r-R2≦100 mm, foreign matter can be discharged without accumulating in the throttling section.

A drainage system according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the drainage system according to the second aspect of the present invention, in which, assuming that the diameter of the constriction portion is r, the diameter of the drainage member is R2, the height from the drain outlet to the cover member is H1, and the height from the drain outlet to the upper end of the constriction portion is H2,
The range of H1<H2 satisfies 20 mm≦r−R2≦100 mm.

This allows foreign matter to be efficiently discharged through the siphon drain member along with the water flowing from the opening toward the throttle section.

If r-R2 is smaller than 20 mm, it creates resistance to the inflow of wastewater, making it impossible to obtain a high amount of discharge, and the effect of the present invention is greatly reduced. Also, if it is larger than 100 mm, i.e., if r is too large compared to R2, foreign matter will not be sucked into the drainage member and will accumulate in the throttling section. However, by setting r-R2≦100 mm, foreign matter can be discharged without accumulating in the throttling section.

The drainage system according to the fifth invention is the drainage system according to the second invention, and the drainage manhole has a lower manhole and an upper manhole. The lower manhole has a constricted portion. The upper manhole has an opening and is located above the lower manhole.

This allows the drainage manhole to be formed from at least two components: an upper manhole and a lower manhole. In addition, the materials of the upper manhole and the lower manhole can be different; for example, the upper manhole can be made of metal and the lower manhole can be made of FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics).

A drainage system according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the drainage system according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the throttle portion has a bottom surface that forms a water-stopping surface.
This allows rainwater to be stopped by the bottom surface of the narrowed portion of the catch basin.

A drainage system according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the drainage system according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the throttle portion is tubular and extends downward. The drainage basin portion has a water-stopping member covering a tip of the throttle portion. The water-stopping member forms a water-stopping surface.
Such a water-stopping member forms a water-stopping surface, which can stop rainwater from entering.

A drainage system according to an eighth aspect of the present invention is the drainage system according to the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the drainage basin is formed so that an area perpendicular to the opening gradually decreases from the opening toward the constriction portion.
This allows rainwater flowing into the opening to flow forcefully into the throttle section.

The drainage system according to the ninth invention is the drainage system according to the first invention, in which the drainage basin has a bottom surface with an area smaller than that of the opening. The drain outlet is located at approximately the same position as the bottom surface. The bottom surface forms a water stopping surface that stops water.

In this way, by locating the drain outlet at approximately the same position as the bottom surface, foreign matter can be discharged through the drainage member along with the water that flows from the opening toward the bottom surface.

In addition, if a siphoning phenomenon occurs due to the drainage component, foreign objects can be forcefully flushed through the pipes, allowing as much of the foreign objects as possible to be expelled from the pipes. This reduces the amount of foreign objects remaining in the pipes, and reduces the occurrence of clogging.

The drainage system according to the tenth invention is the drainage system according to the ninth invention, in which the drainage basin is formed so that the area perpendicular to the opening gradually decreases from the opening toward the bottom surface.

This allows rainwater that flows into the opening to flow forcefully toward the bottom.

A drainage system according to an eleventh aspect of the present invention is the drainage system according to the sixth, seventh or ninth aspect of the present invention, wherein a pipe connected to a drain outlet of the drainage member passes through the water-stopping surface.
This allows the water to be stopped by the water-stopping surface around the piping.

The drainage system according to the twelfth invention is the drainage system according to any one of the first to eleventh inventions, in which the cover member has an opening to the piping, and the opening is connected to the drain outlet. The cover member is arranged so as to cover the opening when viewed from above in the vertical direction, and the projected area of the cover member on a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction is set to be larger than the projected area of the opening.

This allows the siphon effect to occur even if the drainage member is positioned at an angle.

The drainage system of the thirteenth invention is a drainage system of any one of the first to twelfth inventions, and is installed in a bridge gutter.

This allows rainwater that falls on the bridge to be drained efficiently.

The present invention provides a drainage system that can achieve high flow rate drainage with a small diameter.

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a state in which a drainage system according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed on a bridge. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a drainage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing the metal cover and the catch basin portion 20 of FIG. 2 . FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing the siphon drain member of FIG. 2 . FIG. 3 is a perspective cross-sectional view showing the siphon drain member of FIG. 2 . FIG. 5 is a front view of FIG. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a drainage system according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a piping connection structure of the drainage system of the present embodiment. 9(a) is an exploded view of the pipe connection structure of FIG. 8, and FIG. 9(b) is a perspective view of the cap of FIG. 9(a) as viewed from the bottom side. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a drainage system of a comparative example. FIG. 1 shows a table of the results of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a drainage system in a modified example of an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of a drainage system in a modified example of an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A drainage system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
<Configuration>
(Overview of drainage system 1)
1 is a diagram showing a state in which a drainage system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is installed on a bridge. As shown in the figure, a plurality of drainage systems 1 according to the embodiment are arranged along the side gutters of a bridge 200. Rainwater that falls on the bridge 200 flows into the drainage system 1 and is drained outside the bridge 200.

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the drainage system 1 of the present embodiment.
As shown in FIG. 2 , the drainage system 1 of the present embodiment includes a metal cover 10 , a drain basin portion 20 , and a siphon drain member 30 .

(metal lid)
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the metal cover 10 and the catch basin portion 20. FIG.

The metal cover 10 is a metal cover with multiple holes. The multiple holes may be of any shape as long as they do not prevent rain from entering. For example, they may be formed in a mesh pattern like a grating, or may have multiple rectangular holes. The metal cover 10 is supported by a catchment basin 20, and rainwater flows from the metal cover 10 into the catchment basin 20. In this embodiment, the metal cover 10 is rectangular in shape as an example, but is not limited to this and may be a polygon other than a rectangle, a circle, or an ellipse.

(Drainage basin)
The catch basin portion 20 has an upper basin 21, a lower basin 22, and a height adjustment portion 23. The upper basin 21 is made of metal and is a frame disposed around the metal lid 10. The inside of the upper basin 21 corresponds to the opening 20a of the catch basin portion 20, and the metal lid 10 is disposed thereon.

The upper chamber 21 has a side wall 41 and a lid placement portion 42. The side wall 41 is formed to surround the periphery of the metal lid 10. The lid placement portion 42 is formed from the lower end of the side wall 41 toward the inside, generally perpendicular to the side wall 41. The metal lid 10 is placed on the lid placement portion 42.

The lower box 22 is made of, for example, FRP, and has a side wall 51, an upper box support portion 52, a constriction portion 53, a connection portion 54, and a formwork tube 55.

The side wall 51 is formed to surround the upper measure 21. The upper measure support part 52 is formed from the lower end of the side wall 51 toward the inside, generally perpendicular to the side wall 51. The upper measure 21 is supported by the upper measure support part 52. The upper measure support part 52 and the lid placement part 42 are provided with a height adjustment part 23 that adjusts the height position of the upper measure 21 relative to the lower measure 22.

The narrowing section 53 has a cylindrical appearance and is provided below the upper box support section 52. The narrowing section 53 has a cylindrical section 53a and a bottom surface 53b. The upper end of the cylindrical section 53a, that is, the narrowing upper section 53c, is connected to the upper box support section 52 by a connection section 54 described below. The bottom surface 53b is positioned so as to cover the lower end, that is, the tip of the cylindrical section 53a.

The throttle section 53 is disposed to the left or right of the center of the opening 20a in the left-right direction as shown in FIG. 2. A through hole 53d is formed in the bottom surface 53b, and a pipe 90 is inserted through the through hole 53d.

The piping (including piping 90) used in the drainage system 1 of this embodiment may have a diameter of, for example, 75A to 125A. The piping 90 is disposed approximately perpendicular to the bottom surface 53b, and its upper end is located inside the drainage basin 20. The bottom surface 53b functions as a water-stopping surface that stops rainwater from leaking downward from the drainage basin 20. The bottom surface 53b corresponds to the lower part of the constriction, which is the lower end of the constriction section 53. The space between the bottom surface 53b and the piping 90 may be filled with a water-stopping agent or the like, or a cap-shaped member may be used as in the embodiment described below.

The connection part 54 connects the upper measure support part 52 and the narrowed part 53. The connection part 54 connects from the inner end of the upper measure support part 52 to the upper end of the cylindrical part 53a of the narrowed part 53. The connection part 54 is formed so that the cross-sectional area in the direction perpendicular to the opening 20a gradually decreases from the upper measure support part 52 toward the narrowed part 53.

The formwork pipe 55 is cylindrical and is arranged around the cylindrical portion 53a of the constricted portion 53. The formwork pipe 55 protects the constricted portion 53 and the like from the concrete 201.

The height adjustment unit 23 adjusts the height position of the upper measure 21 relative to the lower measure 22. The height adjustment unit 23 has a bolt 61 and a nut 62. The bolt 61 is inserted into a through hole formed in the upper measure support part 52. The bolt 61 is disposed approximately perpendicular to the upper measure support part 52. The head 61a of the bolt 61 abuts the lid placement part 42 of the upper measure 21 from below. The nut 62 is fixed to the upper measure support part 52 so as to be coaxial with the through hole. The bolt 61 is inserted into the nut 62. The height of the upper measure 21 relative to the lower measure 22 can be changed by changing the amount of screwing of the bolt 61 into the nut 62. The height adjustment unit 23 may be provided on all of the opposing long sides and the opposing short sides of the upper measure support part 52, or on only one of them.

As shown in FIG. 2, concrete 201 is laid up to the top of the lower box 22, and pavement 202 is laid on top of the concrete 201. The top end of the pavement 202 and the top end of the upper box 21 are roughly aligned. The position of the upper box 21 relative to the lower box 22 can be adjusted by the height adjustment unit 23 to match the thickness of the pavement 202.

(Siphon drain component)
The siphon drain member 30 (an example of a drainage member) induces the occurrence of a siphon effect in the water drained into the connected piping 90. The siphon drain member 30 is a drainage member having a high drainage function for improving the drainage capacity of the rainwater that has flowed into the drainage basin 20.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of the siphon drain member 30. Figure 5 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the siphon drain member 30. Figure 6 is a front view of Figure 5.

The siphon drain member 30 can be made by injection molding using synthetic resin such as hard polyvinyl chloride resin, polycarbonate, ABS, or AES. Note that it is not limited to synthetic resin, and it may be made of cast iron using a mold.

The siphon drain member 30 has a cover member 31, an attachment tube 32, and multiple vertical ribs 33.

The lid member 31 is plate-like and formed into a disk shape. The mounting tube 32 is formed into a cylindrical shape. The central axes of the lid member 31 and the mounting tube 32 are arranged on a common axis and coincide with the vertical direction. This common axis is the drain axis O, and the mounting tube 32 of the siphon drain member 30 along the drain axis O direction is the lower side, and the lid member 31 side is the upper side. In addition, in a plan view of the siphon drain member 30 seen from the drain axis O direction, the direction perpendicular to the drain axis O is the radial direction, and the direction going around the drain axis O is the circumferential direction.

The mounting tube 32 has a tube section 71 that forms the drop opening 34, and a plate-shaped flange section 72 that extends radially outward from the upper end of the tube section 71. The connection section 32a on the inner side where the tube section 71 and flange section 72 are connected is formed into a bell-mouth shape formed into a tapered or curved surface. If the connection section 32a is a curved surface, it is preferable that the radius of curvature of the cross section in the direction parallel to the drain axis O is 5 mm to 20 mm.

The drop opening 34 is a portion for draining rainwater, and the opening at the upper end of the drop opening 34 (which can also be considered the inside of the upper end of the tube portion 71) is the drain outlet 34a. The drain outlet 34a can also be considered the inside of the flange portion 72. The distance from the drain outlet 34a to the cover member 31 is roughly the same as the distance from the flange portion 72 to the cover member 31. The positions of the drain outlet 34a and the flange portion 72 roughly coincide in the direction along the drain axis O.

The opening 34b of the drop-off section 34 is located below the drainage outlet 34a and has a constant diameter, and the opening diameter of the opening 34b is indicated as R1 (see FIG. 6). The area of the opening 34b with the opening diameter R1 is the opening area of the drop-off section 34. The opening diameter R1 corresponds to the inner diameter of the tube section 71, and the opening area of the drop-off section 34 corresponds to the area whose diameter is the inner diameter of the tube section 71. The diameter gradually increases from the opening 34b toward the drainage outlet 34a due to the connection section 32a.

In this embodiment, since the drain axis O, which is the central axis of the siphon drain member 30, coincides with the vertical direction, the area of the lid member 31 and the opening area of the drop mouth portion 34 correspond to the projected area of the lid member 31 and the projected area of the opening of the drop mouth portion 34, respectively, on a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction. Note that in this embodiment, the outer diameter of the lid member 31 and the outer diameter of the flange portion 72 are formed to be approximately the same.

The siphon drain member 30 is positioned, for example, by inserting the tube portion 71 into the inside of the pipe 90 from above.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the portion formed between the outer peripheral edge 31a of the cover member 31 and the outer peripheral edge 72a of the flange portion 72 becomes the inflow opening 30a through which rainwater flows into the drain outlet 34a of the drop-off portion 34 (see arrow B in Figure 5). The size and height shape of the cover member 31 are adjusted so that the area of the inflow opening 30a is larger than the opening area (the portion of diameter R1) of the opening 34b of the drop-off portion 34.

As shown in FIG. 5, the vertical ribs 33 connect the upper surface 72d of the flange 72 of the mounting tube 32 to the outer periphery of the lower surface 31c of the lid member 31. The lid member 31 is supported from below by the vertical ribs 33, and is supported at a position that ensures a predetermined height H1 from the mounting tube 32, as shown in FIG. 6. The vertical ribs 33 are provided on the inlet opening 30a, and are formed along the radial direction in a plan view and cross the circumferential direction. The vertical ribs 33 have the function of rectifying the rainwater that flows from the inlet opening 30a to the drop opening 34. In this embodiment, six vertical ribs 33 are formed, and the six vertical ribs 33 are provided at equal angles (approximately 60 degrees apart) around the drain axis O, but this is not limited to this.

The lid member 31 is arranged so as to block the opening 34b of the drop mouth portion 34 when viewed from above in the vertical direction. The area of the lid member 31 is set to be larger than the opening area (diameter R1) of the opening 34b of the drop mouth portion 34. In this embodiment, the center of the lid member 31 and the center of the opening of the drop mouth portion 34 coincide in the vertical direction. However, if the lid member 31 and the drop mouth portion 34 are both arranged at an angle, if the lid area of the lid member 31 is the same as the opening area of the drop mouth portion 34, the opening 34b of the drop mouth portion 34 cannot be blocked when viewed from the vertical direction, and a gap through which air enters (an air core due to a vortex) is created between the lid member 31 and the drop mouth portion 34.

Therefore, it is preferable that the projected area of the cover member 31 on a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction be set larger than the projected area of the opening 34b of the drop opening portion 34.

The lid diameter R2 or minimum width dimension of the lid member 31 is larger than the opening diameter R1 of the drop-off portion 34 (diameter R1 of the opening 34b) and is 245% or less of the opening diameter R1. Furthermore, if the height from the outer circumferential edge 72a of the flange portion 72 of the lid member 31 is H1 and the opening diameter is R1, it is preferable that the value of R1/H1 is in the range of 1.3 to 8.0, H1 is in the range of 10 to 60 mm, and the opening area is 30 cm2 or more and 190 cm2 or less.

The upper surface 31b of the lid member 31 is provided with gripping ribs 35 that protrude upward and are spaced apart in the circumferential direction. The gripping ribs 35 are gripped by an operator when connecting the siphon drain member 30 to the piping 90.

(Position of siphon drain member in drain basin)
Next, the position of the siphon drain member 30 inside the catch basin portion 20 will be described.

The siphon drain member 30 is positioned inside the drain basin section 20 so that its drain axis O coincides with the central axis of the cylindrical section 53a of the constriction section 53.

In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the drain outlet 34a of the siphon drain member 30 is disposed below the upper part of the constriction 53c (indicated by position P1) of the constriction section 53. The height from the drain outlet 34a to the siphon drain member 30 is indicated by H1 in FIG. 2, and the height from the drain outlet 34a to the upper part of the constriction 53c is indicated by H2 in FIG. 2. Here, 0≦H2≦H1, R1≦r, and r-R2≦100 mm are satisfied.

When rainwater is drained by the drainage system 1, the rainwater flowing from the metal cover 10 along the connection portion 54 flows into the drain outlet 34a through the inlet opening 30a of the siphon drain member 30. At this time, because the drain outlet 34a is positioned below the upper constriction portion 53c (shown as position P1) of the constriction portion 53, foreign matter (such as garbage) flows into the drain outlet 34a along with the rainwater through the inlet opening 30a of the siphon drain member 30.

The siphon drain member 30 allows rainwater to be forcefully discharged, preventing foreign matter from remaining in the pipe 90 and preventing clogging of the pipe 90.

In addition, the siphon drain member 30 induces a siphon phenomenon, resulting in a high discharge flow rate, allowing rainwater to be drained efficiently even through thin piping.

In addition, in this embodiment, the siphon drain member 30 is positioned so that the gripping rib 35 is located above the upper part 53c (shown as position P1), which is the upper end of the constricted portion 53, at which the drain outlet 34a is located. This makes it easier to connect the siphon drain member 30 to the piping 90, without the need to insert a hand into a narrow area such as the constricted portion 53 to grip the gripping rib 35.

(Example)
Next, the drainage system of this embodiment will be described using an example.

Figure 7 is a diagram for explaining the configuration of the drainage system 1 of this embodiment. Figure 8 is a diagram showing an example of a pipe connection structure 80 of the drainage system 1 of this embodiment. Figure 9(a) is an exploded view of the pipe connection structure 80 of Figure 8. Figure 10 is a diagram showing the configuration of a drainage system 1000 of a comparative example. The drainage system 1000 of the comparative example differs from the drainage system 1 of the embodiment in that a siphon drain member 30 is not provided and the position of the drain outlet is the same position as the bottom surface 83a described below.

In this embodiment, a lower chamber 22' is used, and a metal lid 10 and an upper chamber 21 are not provided. Also, as shown in FIG. 7, unlike the drawn portion 53 in the above embodiment, the drawn portion 53' of the lower chamber 22' does not have a bottom surface 53b, but only has a cylindrical portion 53a'.

As shown in FIG. 7, an elbow joint 91 is connected to the lower end of pipe 90, and pipe 92 is connected to elbow joint 91. Pipe 92 extends horizontally from elbow joint 91 without any slope. An elbow joint 93 is connected to the other end of pipe 92, and pipe 94 is connected to elbow joint 93. Pipe 94 extends downward from elbow joint 93. An elbow joint 95 is disposed at the lower end of pipe 94, and pipe 96 is connected to elbow joint 95. Pipe 96 extends horizontally from elbow joint 95 without any slope. An elbow joint 97 is connected to the other end of pipe 96, and the other end of elbow joint 97 faces downward and is connected to a catch basin.

In addition, the length of the long side of the lower chamber 22' is set to 500 mm, the length of the pipe 90 is set to 500 mm, the length of the pipe 92 is set to 5000 mm, the length of the pipe 94 is set to 5000 mm, and the length of the pipe 96 is set to 1500 mm.

The diameter r of the constriction portion 53 is set to 190 mm, and the diameter R2 of the siphon drain member 30 is set to 130 mm.

The piping connection structure 80 of this embodiment has a cap 83, a socket 84, and a pipe 85, as shown in Figures 8 and 9(a). The socket 84 is a joint for a polyvinyl chloride pipe, and the tube portion 71 of the siphon drain member 30 is inserted from above.

The cap 83 is a joint for a polyvinyl chloride pipe. FIG. 9(b) is a perspective view of the cap 83 as viewed from the bottom side. The cap 83 is arranged so that the lower end of the cylindrical portion 53a' of the constriction portion 53' is inserted inside the cap 83. As shown in the figure, the cap 83 has a hole 83b formed in the center of the bottom surface 83a, which is the outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 71 of the siphon drain member 30 + 1 mm. The cylindrical portion 71 of the siphon drain member 30 is inserted into the hole 83b. In this embodiment, the bottom surface 83a of the cap 83 corresponds to the bottom surface 53b of the constriction portion 53 in FIG. 2 and forms a water-stopping surface. The hole 83b corresponds to the through hole 53d in FIG. 2.

The socket 84 is positioned to serve both as a positioning device and to support the cap 83. The pipe 85 is a polyvinyl chloride pipe that is inserted into the socket 84 from below. The socket 84 and the pipe 85 form the piping 90 described above. The cap 83 is included in the drainage basin together with the lower basin 22'.

As shown in FIG. 8, the tube 85 is fixed in place by a U-band 87 and an angle 86 to prevent it from coming loose. In addition, the gap between the top end of the cap 83 and the narrowed portion 53' is sealed by applying silicone sealant (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) 88 all around. In addition, the gap between the socket 84 and the cap 83 is sealed by applying silicone sealant (manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) 89 all around.

As shown in FIG. 8, the height from the drain outlet 34a of the siphon drain member 30 to the upper part 53c' of the constricted portion 53' is H2. The height H2 can be changed by changing the length of the constricted portion 53'.

In Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, the size of pipe 85 of pipe 90 and pipes 92, 94, and 96, the presence or absence of siphon drain member 30, and the position of drain outlet 34a from the constricted upper portion 53c were changed, and the occurrence or absence of the siphon phenomenon was confirmed in each configuration, and the maximum flow rate that could be drained was measured. In addition, in each configuration of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, three stones with a diameter of about 3 cm were put in at an inflow rate of 10 L/s and whether they could be discharged was measured to evaluate transportability, and the amount of soil discharged when 50 g of soil was put in the lower manhole 22' was measured.

Figure 11 is a table showing the results of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. Regarding transportability, cases where three stones could be removed were marked as "OK" (○), and cases where no stones could be removed were marked as "UNOK" (×).

In Example 1, the size of the pipe 85 of the piping 90 and the pipes 92, 94, and 96 was set to 75A, the height H1 from the drain outlet 34a of the siphon drain member 30 to the cover member 31 was set to 50 mm, and H2 from the constriction upper portion 53c' to the drain outlet 34a was set to 15 mm. At this time, the siphon phenomenon occurred, the drainage flow rate was 20 L/s, and 47 g of foreign matter was discharged from the elbow joint 97. In addition, the three stones that were inserted could be discharged.

In Example 2, the size of pipe 85 of pipe 90 and pipes 92, 94, and 96 was 100A, the height H1 was set to 50 mm, and the height H2 was set to 10 mm. At this time, the siphon phenomenon occurred, the drainage flow rate was 30 L/s, and 45 g of foreign matter was discharged from elbow joint 97. In addition, the three stones that were inserted could be discharged.

In Comparative Example 1, the size of pipe 85 of pipe 90 and pipes 92, 94, and 96 was set to 75A, and the position of the drain outlet (the position of the upper end 84a of socket 84) was aligned with the bottom surface 83a of cap 83 (the lower part of the constriction of constriction section 53'). At this time, a vortex was generated and no siphoning occurred, the drainage flow rate was 13 L/s, and 30 g of foreign matter was discharged from elbow joint 97. In addition, the three stones that were inserted could not be discharged.

In Comparative Example 2, the size of pipe 85 of pipe 90 and pipes 92, 94, and 96 was set to 100A, and the position of the drain outlet (the position of the upper end 84a of socket 84) was aligned with the bottom surface 83a of cap 83 (the lower part of the constriction of constriction section 53'). At this time, a vortex was generated and no siphoning occurred, the drainage flow rate was 18 L/s, and 35 g of foreign matter was discharged from elbow joint 97. In addition, the three stones that were inserted could not be discharged.

In Comparative Example 3, the size of pipe 85 of pipe 90 and pipes 92, 94, and 96 was set to 200A, and the position of the drain outlet (the position of the upper end 84a of socket 84) was aligned with the bottom surface 83a of cap 83 (the lower part of the constriction of constriction section 53'). At this time, a vortex was generated and no siphoning occurred, the drainage flow rate was 70 L/s, and 28 g of foreign matter was discharged from elbow joint 97. In addition, the three stones that were inserted could not be discharged.

As described above, the siphon effect can be generated by placing the siphon drain member 30. In addition, by generating the siphon effect, a high drainage flow rate can be achieved even when the pipe diameter is small.

In addition, the siphon effect allowed the three stones that were put in to be discharged, and of the 50 g of soil and sand, 47 g was discharged in Example 1, and 45 g was discharged in Example 2. Thus, compared to the comparative example, in this example, most of the foreign matter that was put in can be discharged from the piping, which makes it possible to prevent clogging in the piping.

(Features, etc.)
(1)
The drainage system 1 of this embodiment includes a metal cover 10, a drain basin 20, and a siphon drain member 30 (an example of a drainage member). The drain basin 20 has an opening 20a in which the metal cover 10 is disposed. The siphon drain member 30 includes a cover member 31 and a drain outlet 34a, and is disposed inside the drain basin 20 to induce the siphon phenomenon in water drained by a pipe 90 connected to the drain outlet 34a. The drain outlet 34a is formed opposite the cover member 31.

By providing the siphon drain member 30 in this manner, a high flow rate of drainage can be achieved from the piping 90 connected to the siphon drain member 30.

In addition, a siphon effect can be generated, allowing for high flow rate drainage with a small diameter. This allows for the use of smaller diameter piping than before, which is lighter in weight and improves work efficiency, while also reducing costs as less material is required.

(2)
In the drainage system of this embodiment, the drain basin 20 further includes a throttle portion 53. The throttle portions 53, 53' are disposed below the opening 20a and have a smaller area than the opening 20a. The drain outlet 34a is disposed below the throttle upper portions 53c, 53c' (an example of the upper end portion of the throttle portion).

In this way, by positioning the drain outlet 34a below the constricted upper portion 53c, foreign matter can be discharged through the siphon drain member 30 along with the water flowing from the opening 20a toward the constricted portion 53.

In addition, the siphon drain member 30 allows the water to be drained at a high flow rate, so foreign matter can be forced through the pipes and as much of the foreign matter as possible can be expelled from the pipes. This reduces the amount of foreign matter remaining in the pipes and reduces the occurrence of clogging.

(3)
In the drainage system 1 of this embodiment, the siphon drain member 30 (an example of a drainage member) has an opening 34b to the piping 90, and the opening 34b is connected to the drain outlet 34a. If the diameter of the constricted portions 53, 53' is r, the diameter of the siphon drain member 30 is R2 (an example of R), the diameter of the opening 34b is R1, the height from the drain outlet 34a to the cover member 31 is H1, and the height from the drain outlet 34a to the constricted upper portion 53c (an example of an upper end portion) of the constricted portion 53 is H2, then
0≦H2≦H1, R1≦r and r-R2≦100 mm are satisfied.

As a result, foreign matter is drained by the drainage member in the range 0≦H2≦H1. By setting R1≦r, foreign matter can flow in without any drainage resistance. If r-R2 is greater than 100 mm, i.e., if r is too large compared to R2, foreign matter will not be sucked into the siphon drain member 30 and will accumulate in the narrowing section 53. However, by setting r-R2≦100 mm, foreign matter can be discharged without accumulating in the narrowing section 53.

(4)
In the drainage system 1 of this embodiment, if the height from the drain outlet 34a to the lid member 31 is H1, the height from the drain outlet 34a to the constricted upper portion 53c, 53c' (an example of the upper end portion) is H2, the diameter of the constricted portions 53, 53' is r, the diameter of the siphon drain member 30 is R2, the height from the drain outlet 34a to the lid member 31 is H1, and the height from the drain outlet 34a to the constricted upper portion 53c (an example of the upper end portion) of the constricted portion 53 is H2, then
The range of H1<H2 satisfies 20 mm≦r−R2≦100 mm.

This allows foreign matter to be efficiently discharged via the siphon drain member 30 together with the water flowing from the opening 20 a toward the throttle portion 53 .
If r-R2 is smaller than 20 mm, it creates resistance to the inflow of wastewater, making it impossible to obtain a high amount of drainage, and the effects of the present invention are greatly reduced. Also, if it is larger than 100 mm, that is, if r is too large compared to R2, foreign matter will not be sucked into the siphon drain member 30 and will accumulate in the throttle section 53. However, by setting r-R2≦100 mm, it is possible to discharge foreign matter without it accumulating in the throttle section 53.

(5)
In the drainage system 1 of the present embodiment, the drainage manhole portion 20 has a lower manhole 22 and an upper manhole 21. The lower manholes 22, 22' have narrowed portions 53, 53'. The upper manhole 21 has an opening 20a and is disposed above the lower manholes 22, 22'.

This allows the drainage manhole 20 to be formed from at least two components, the upper manhole 21 and the lower manhole 22. In addition, the materials of the upper manhole 21 and the lower manhole 22 can be different; for example, the upper manhole 21 can be made of metal and the lower manhole 22 can be made of FRP (Fiber Reinforced Plastics).

(6)
In the drainage system 1 of this embodiment, the throttle portion 53 has a bottom surface 53b that forms a water stopping surface.

This allows the bottom surface 53b of the constriction portion 53 of the catch basin portion 20 to stop rainwater from flowing in.

(7)
In the drainage system 1 of the present embodiment, the throttle portion 53' is tubular and extends downward. The catch basin 20 has a cap 83 (an example of a water-stopping member) that covers the tip of the throttle portion 53'. The cap 83 forms a water-stopping surface.
Such a cap 83 forms a water-stopping surface, thereby preventing rainwater from entering.

(8)
In the drainage system 1 of this embodiment, the drainage basin 20 is formed so that the area perpendicular to the opening 20a gradually decreases from the opening 20a toward the narrowed portions 53, 53'.

This allows rainwater that flows into the opening 20a to flow forcefully into the constriction section 53.

(9)
In the drainage system 1 of this embodiment, a pipe 90 connected to the drain outlet 34a of the siphon drain member 30 penetrates the bottom surfaces 53b, 83a (examples of water-stopping surfaces).
This allows the water to be stopped by the water-stopping surface around the pipe 90.

(10)
In the drainage system 1 of this embodiment, the siphon drain member 30 has an opening 34b to the piping 90, and the opening 34b is connected to the drain outlet 34a. The lid member 31 is disposed so as to close the opening 34b when viewed from above in the vertical direction, and the projected area of the lid member 31 on a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction is set to be larger than the projected area of the opening 34b.

This allows the siphon phenomenon to occur even if the siphon drain member 30 is positioned at an angle.

(11)
The drainage system 1 of this embodiment is provided in a side gutter of a bridge 200 .
This allows rainwater that falls on the bridge 200 to be drained efficiently.

[Other embodiments]
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the gist of the invention.

(A)
In the above embodiment, the lower sump 22 is provided with the throttle portion 53, but the throttle portion 53 may not be provided. Fig. 12 is a diagram showing a drainage system 101 using a catchment sump 120 having a lower sump 122 without the throttle portion 53. The bottom surface 122a of the lower sump 122 is formed to have a smaller area than the opening 20a. The drain outlet 34a is located at approximately the same position in the height direction as the bottom surface 122a. The bottom surface 122a corresponds to the water-stopping surface of the catchment sump 120.

In this way, by arranging the drain outlet 34a at approximately the same position as the bottom surface 122a, foreign matter can be discharged through the siphon drain member 30 along with the water that flows from the opening 20a toward the bottom surface 122a and is drained by the siphon drain member 30.

In addition, if a siphon phenomenon occurs due to the siphon drain member 30, foreign matter can be forcefully flushed through the pipe 90, allowing as much of the foreign matter as possible to be expelled from the pipe 90. This reduces the amount of foreign matter remaining in the pipe 90, and reduces the occurrence of clogging, etc.

The catch basin 120 is also formed so that the area perpendicular to the opening 20a gradually decreases from the opening 20a toward the bottom surface 122a.

This allows rainwater that flows into the opening 20a to flow forcefully toward the bottom surface 122a.

Although the siphon drain member 30 is disposed inside the catch basin 20, 120, a portion of the siphon drain member 30 may protrude from the catch basin 20, 120. To explain this in more detail using Figure 12, in Figure 12, the tube portion 71 of the siphon drain member 30 protrudes from the outer surface of the bottom surface 122a of the catch basin 120.

(B)
In the above embodiment, the drain outlet 34a is located below the constriction upper part 53c (an example of the upper end part of the constriction part), but as shown in Figure 13, it may be located at the same position in the height direction as the drain outlet 34a.

Even with this configuration, foreign matter can be discharged through the siphon drain member 30 along with the water that flows from the opening 20a toward the throttle portion 53 and is drained by the siphon drain member 30.

(C)
In the above embodiment and other embodiment (B), the drain outlet 34a is disposed at the same level as the constricted upper portion 53c or below the constricted upper portion 53c, but the present invention is not limited to this and the drain outlet 34a may be disposed above the constricted upper portion 53c. In this case, foreign matter is less likely to flow into the siphon drain member 30, but a siphon effect can be induced in the drainage of the piping connected to the drain outlet 34a, so that a high flow rate can be achieved with a small diameter.

(D)
In the above embodiment, the drainage basin 20 is divided into the upper basin 21 and the lower basin 22, but the upper basin 21 and the lower basin 22 may be integrally configured. In this case, the height adjustment unit 23 does not need to be provided. For example, the metal cover 10 may be directly placed on the lower basin 22 in FIG. 2 .

(E)
In the above embodiment, it has been described that the upper chamber 21 is made of metal and the lower chamber 22 is made of FRP, but this is not limited thereto. The upper chamber 21 may be made of FRP and the lower chamber 22 may be made of metal.

(F)
In the above embodiment, it has been described that the tube portion 71 is inserted into the piping 90, and in the example, the siphon drain member 30 is inserted into the socket 84, but this is not limiting. For example, a male thread may be formed on the outer periphery of the tube portion 71, and a female thread may be formed on the inside of a member at the upper end of the piping 90 (e.g., the socket 84), and the tube portion 71 and the piping 90 may be connected by screwing the male thread and the female thread together. Also, the tube portion 71 and the piping 90 may be connected by an adhesive or the like.

The drainage system of the present invention has the effect of realizing high flow rate drainage with a small diameter, and is useful as a storm water drainage system to be installed on bridges, etc.

1: Drainage system 10: Metal cover 20: Drainage basin 20a: Opening 30: Siphon drain member
34a: Drain port 53b: Bottom surface

Claims (8)

Metal lid and
A catchment portion having an opening in which the metal cover is placed and a bottom surface having an area smaller than that of the opening;
a drainage member disposed inside the catch basin, the drainage member having a lid member, a mounting tube including a tubular portion having a drain outlet formed opposite the lid member at its upper end and a plate-shaped flange portion extending radially outward from the upper end of the tubular portion, and a plurality of vertical ribs formed from the flange portion on the periphery of the drain outlet upward to the lid member;
Each of the plurality of longitudinal ribs is formed in a plate shape toward the axis of the mounting tube,
The flange portion of the drainage member is disposed on the bottom surface,
The plurality of longitudinal ribs and the lid member are surrounded by the catch basin in a direction perpendicular to the axis,
The drainage member induces a siphon phenomenon in the water drained through a pipe connected to the mounting tube,
The cylindrical portion of the mounting cylinder has an opening to the piping,
The opening is disposed below the drain outlet and is connected to the drain outlet,
The drainage basin portion is
The nozzle further includes a cylindrical throttle portion that is disposed below the opening and has an area smaller than that of the opening,
The bottom surface is disposed at a lower end of the constricted portion,
If the height from the drain outlet to the cover member is H1, the height from the drain outlet to the upper end of the throttle portion is H2, the diameter of the throttle portion is r, the diameter of the opening is R1, and the diameter of the drain member is R2, then 0≦H2≦H1, R1≦r, and r-R2≦100 mm are satisfied.
Drainage system. Metal lid and
A catchment portion having an opening in which the metal cover is placed and a bottom surface having an area smaller than that of the opening;
a drainage member disposed inside the catch basin, the drainage member having a lid member, a mounting tube including a tubular portion having a drain outlet formed opposite the lid member at its upper end and a plate-shaped flange portion extending radially outward from the upper end of the tubular portion, and a plurality of vertical ribs formed from the flange portion on the periphery of the drain outlet upward to the lid member;
Each of the plurality of longitudinal ribs is formed in a plate shape toward the axis of the mounting tube,
The flange portion of the drainage member is disposed on the bottom surface,
The plurality of longitudinal ribs and the lid member are surrounded by the catch basin in a direction perpendicular to the axis,
The drainage member induces a siphon phenomenon in the water drained through a pipe connected to the mounting tube,
The drainage basin portion is
The nozzle further includes a cylindrical throttle portion that is disposed below the opening and has an area smaller than that of the opening,
The bottom surface is disposed at a lower end of the constricted portion,
If the height from the drain outlet to the cover member is H1, the height from the drain outlet to the upper end of the throttle portion is H2, the diameter of the throttle portion is r, and the diameter of the drain member is R2, H1<H2 and 20 mm≦r-R2≦100 mm are satisfied.
Drainage system. The catch basin has a cap forming the bottom surface,
A through hole is formed in the bottom surface,
The mounting tube is inserted into the through hole from above.
3. A drainage system according to claim 1 or 2. a socket that supports the cap from below;
and a tube inserted into the socket from below.
4. The drainage system of claim 3. The cap is disposed so as to close the opening at the lower end of the throttle portion.
4. The drainage system of claim 3. The drainage member includes a connection portion whose diameter increases from the mounting tube toward the drainage port,
The lower end of the vertical rib is formed at the connection portion.
A drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The drainage basin is installed on a bridge.
A drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 6. A drain used as the drainage member in the drainage system according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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