JP7685208B2 - Metal resin bonding equipment - Google Patents
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Description
本発明は、金属板と樹脂板とを接着剤を用いずに接合する技術に関する。 The present invention relates to a technology for joining metal plates and resin plates without using adhesive.
近年、持続可能な社会の意識が高まり、例えば自動車分野ではＥＶが着目され、部品も一層の軽量化、低コストの生産技術が必要とされてきている。
軽量化、低コスト化に関しては、素材の選択、製造工程の簡素化効率化の方向性があり、たとえば、金属フレームとＦＲＰとをうまく組み合わせて室内空間を構築する例が挙げられる。ここで、このような金属板と樹脂板とを接合する方法としては、リベット留め、接着剤留めがある。
In recent years, awareness of a sustainable society has increased. For example, in the automotive sector, EVs have been attracting attention, and there is a demand for lighter parts and lower-cost production technologies.
To reduce weight and costs, there are directions for selecting materials and streamlining and streamlining the manufacturing process, for example, constructing an interior space by skillfully combining a metal frame and FRP. Here, methods for joining such metal plates and resin plates include riveting and adhesive bonding.
しかしながら、従来の技術では以下の問題点があった。
リベット留めやボルト留めの場合は、穴開けにより応力が集中したり応力が残存したりする場合があり、毎日の温度変化や真夏の炎天下での放置、真冬の寒冷下での放置が何年にもわたり、加えて、加速減速振動にもさらされ、また、リベットやボルトによる重量増が生じるため好ましくない、という問題点があった。また、締結工程が必ず必要となるので、生産性が一定以上にはよくならない、という問題点があった。
However, the conventional techniques have the following problems.
In the case of riveting or bolting, there are problems such as stress concentration or residual stress due to drilling holes, exposure to daily temperature changes, leaving in the hot sun in midsummer or in the cold in midwinter for years, exposure to acceleration/deceleration vibrations, and increased weight due to rivets and bolts, which are not desirable. Also, there is a problem that productivity does not improve beyond a certain level because a fastening process is always required.
接着剤については、基本的に有機材料であるので、上記の様に、過酷な環境下に長期間さらされると、接合強度の信頼性が維持できない、という問題点があった。また、接着に際しては、塗布工程、密着時間の確保、が一つのモノコックを構築するにあたり多数回必要となるため、こちらも生産性が一定以上にはよくならない、という問題点があった。 As for adhesives, because they are basically organic materials, there was the problem that the reliability of the bonding strength could not be maintained if they were exposed to harsh environments for long periods of time, as mentioned above. In addition, when it comes to adhesion, the application process and ensuring the adhesion time must be repeated many times to build one monocoque, so this also posed the problem that productivity did not improve beyond a certain level.
本発明は上記に鑑みてなされたものであって、接着剤やリベットを使わず、短時間で金属とＦＲＰとを接合し、長期的な接合信頼性も維持できる技術を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention was made in consideration of the above, and aims to provide a technology that can join metal and FRP in a short time without using adhesives or rivets, and that can maintain long-term joint reliability.
請求項１に記載の金属樹脂接合装置は、アルミニウムもしくはアルミニウム合金である金属板と炭素繊維強化プラスチックであるＦＲＰ板とを接合する装置であって、金属板とＦＲＰ板とをずれないように重ね合わせて保持する保持手段と、金属板側から金属板に対して垂直に配向して押し当たり、回転による摩擦熱により金属板とＦＲＰ板とを接合する押当棒体であって、端部が円形で段差のない平面の端面として金属板に押し当たる円柱形の鋼棒である押当棒体と、押当棒体を棒体の軸を中心に回転させる回転手段と、ＦＲＰ板側からあてがわれ、ＦＲＰ板と金属板とが間に入った状態で、押当棒体の押圧を受け止める裏当手段と、押当棒体と裏当手段とを相対的に近づけまたは遠ざけ、回転を伴った押当棒体を金属板へ押し当てるまたは金属板から離す間隔手段と、押当部分の温度の情報ないし温度推移に関する情報に加えて、押当棒体の回転数の情報ないし回転数の推移に関する情報、および／または、押当部分にかかる圧力である押当圧力の情報ないし押当圧力の推移に関する情報、および／または、室温の情報ないし室温の推移に関する情報を取得する情報取得手段と、情報取得手段による取得した情報に基づいて、間隔手段および／または回転手段を制御して、押当棒体を押し当てた押当部分の金属板とＦＲＰ板とを、押当部分の温度が金属板の融点未満ＦＲＰ板の融点以上の範囲となるようにして接合する制御手段と、を具備したことを特徴とする。 The metal resin joining device according to claim 1 is a device for joining a metal plate made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy to an FRP plate made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic , and includes a holding means for holding the metal plate and the FRP plate in an overlapping state so as not to be misaligned, a pressing rod which is oriented perpendicularly to the metal plate from the metal plate side and presses against the metal plate from the metal plate side, joining the metal plate and the FRP plate by frictional heat caused by rotation, the pressing rod being a cylindrical steel rod with a circular end and a flat end face without steps which presses against the metal plate , a rotating means for rotating the pressing rod about the axis of the rod, a backing means which is applied from the FRP plate side and receives the pressure of the pressing rod with the FRP plate and the metal plate interposed therebetween, and a pressing means for moving the pressing rod and the backing means relatively close to each other or the pressing portion being pressed against the metal plate or away from the metal plate; information acquiring means for acquiring information on the rotation speed of the pressing rod or information on the change in rotation speed, and/or information on the pressing pressure, which is the pressure applied to the pressing portion, or information on the change in pressing pressure, and/or information on room temperature or information on the change in room temperature, in addition to information on the temperature of the pressing portion or information on the change in temperature of the pressing portion; and control means for controlling the spacing means and/or the rotation means based on the information acquired by the information acquiring means, to join the metal plate and the FRP plate of the pressing portion against which the pressing rod is pressed, so that the temperature of the pressing portion is in the range below the melting point of the metal plate and above the melting point of the FRP plate .
すなわち、請求項１にかかる発明は、接合部分（押当部分）の温度だけでなく、回転数や押当圧力や室温により補正をおこない、接合信頼性を向上させることができる。
そして、軽量高強度な複合材（マルチマテリアル）を得ることができる。
そして、制御を容易化することができる。
That is, the invention according to claim 1 can improve the joining reliability by correcting not only the temperature of the joining portion (pressing portion) but also the rotation speed, pressing pressure, and room temperature.
This makes it possible to obtain a lightweight, high-strength composite material (multi-material).
And the control can be facilitated.
板の厚みはそれぞれ１ｍｍ～５ｍｍの範囲とすることができる。
押当棒体の素材としては、金属板より融点や軟化点が高い金属とするのが好ましいが、摩滅せず耐熱性があれば特に限定されず、例えばセラミクスも採用することができる。押当棒体は押当部分の金属板面の法線方向に配向して押し当たる、すなわち、直立するような姿勢で進入する。太さは長径が４ｍｍ～２０ｍｍ、長さは長径の１倍～１０倍とすることができる。また、回転数は、３００回転／ｍｉｎ～４０００回転／ｍｉｎ、押当圧力は４Ｍｐａ～１６ＭＰａとすることができる。
裏当手段は、載置台である態様も当然に含む。
温度推移、回転数の推移、押当圧力の推移、室温の推移、における推移は、時間変化や履歴と言い換えることができる。例えば、一つ前の接合処理の熱が残存していてこれが影響することもあるため、推移に関する情報には、以前の処理に関する情報が含まれていてもよいものとする。
間隔手段による近づけまたは遠ざけは、押当棒体側が移動する態様であっても、裏当手段が移動する態様であってもよい。
押当部分の温度の情報とは、接触箇所の温度に加え、押当棒体（の先端）の温度や、接触箇所近傍の金属板温度が含まれていてもよい。
接合強度は、主として、金属板表面の微視的な凹凸にＦＲＰのマトリクス成分が密に侵入して形成されるメカニカルロックに由来するものと考えられる。なお接合強度は、接合面の法線方向に引っ張る（剥離する）引張強度や、接線方向（接合面が広がる方向、法線方向に垂直な方向）に引っ張る剪断強度など、所望の要求強度に応じた強度を採用すればよい。
The thickness of each plate can range from 1 mm to 5 mm.
The material of the pressing rod is preferably a metal with a higher melting point and softening point than the metal plate, but is not particularly limited as long as it does not wear out and is heat resistant, and for example, ceramics can be used . The pressing rod presses while oriented in the normal direction to the metal plate surface of the pressing portion, that is, it enters in an upright position . The diameter of the major axis can be 4 mm to 20 mm, and the length can be 1 to 10 times the major axis. The rotation speed can be 300 rpm to 4000 rpm, and the pressing pressure can be 4 MPa to 16 MPa.
The backing means may of course be a mounting table.
The transitions in temperature, rotation speed, pressing pressure, and room temperature can be referred to as time changes or histories. For example, the heat from the previous joining process may remain and affect the process, so the information on the transitions may include information on the previous process.
The approaching or moving away by the spacing means may be performed in a manner in which the pressing rod body side moves or in a manner in which the backing means moves.
Information on the temperature of the pressing portion may include, in addition to the temperature of the contact point, the temperature of the pressing rod (its tip) and the temperature of the metal plate in the vicinity of the contact point.
The bonding strength is believed to be mainly due to mechanical locking formed when the matrix components of the FRP densely penetrate into the microscopic irregularities on the metal plate surface. The bonding strength may be a strength according to the desired strength requirement, such as a tensile strength in the normal direction to the bonding surface (peel) or a shear strength in the tangential direction (the direction in which the bonding surface expands, perpendicular to the normal direction).
請求項２に記載の金属樹脂接合装置は、請求項１に記載の金属樹脂接合装置において、金属板の厚みとＦＲＰ板の厚みとを変えて予めおこなった、押当部分の温度推移に関する情報と、回転数の推移に関する情報と、押当圧力の推移に関する情報と、接合強度とに関する情報を組にして記憶した記憶手段を具備し、制御手段は、記憶手段に記憶された情報に基づき押当を終了させることを特徴とする。 The metal resin joining apparatus of claim 2 is the metal resin joining apparatus of claim 1 , further comprising a memory means for storing sets of information relating to temperature trends in the pressing portion, information relating to trends in the rotation speed, information relating to trends in the pressing pressure, and information relating to the joining strength, which are performed in advance by changing the thickness of the metal plate and the thickness of the FRP plate, and the control means terminates pressing based on the information stored in the memory means.
すなわち、請求項２にかかる発明は、自動制御による接合処理を実現できる。適宜機械学習や人工知能を組み込むまたは連動した処理としてもよい。
押当を終了させる、とは、押当棒体を金属板から離す、または、回転を止めることをいう。
回転数の推移に関する情報や、押当圧力の推移に関する情報には、時間的に一定であることも含まれる。
That is, the invention according to claim 2 can realize a joining process by automatic control. Machine learning or artificial intelligence may be appropriately incorporated or linked to the process.
Ending the pressing means removing the pressing rod from the metal plate or stopping the rotation.
The information regarding the change in the rotation speed and the information regarding the change in the pressing pressure also includes the information that the information is constant over time.
請求項３に記載の金属樹脂接合装置は、請求項１または２に記載の金属樹脂接合装置において、各手段をマシニングセンタに実装したことを特徴とする。 The metal-resin bonding apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is characterized in that, in the metal-resin bonding apparatus according to the first or second aspect, each of the means is mounted on a machining center.
すなわち、請求項３にかかる発明は、金属板と樹脂板の接合工程だけでなく、その前段の加工や処理、その後段の加工や処理をおこなうことができ、一連の作業を全自動で処理させることも可能となる。 In other words, the invention of claim 3 can perform not only the joining process of metal plates and resin plates, but also the processing and treatment prior to that and the processing and treatment subsequent to that, making it possible to process the entire series of operations fully automatically.
本発明によれば、接着剤やリベットを使わず、短時間で金属とＦＲＰとを接合し、長期的な接合信頼性も維持できる技術を提供することができる。 The present invention provides a technology that can join metal and FRP in a short time without using adhesives or rivets, while maintaining long-term joint reliability.
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照しながら詳細に説明する。ここではマシニングセンタに本発明の金属板とＦＲＰ板とを接合する機能を持たせてこれを金属樹脂接合装置として説明するものとする。このため、マシニングセンタには、フライス盤などの各構成、機能部が構築されているが、以降では、金属樹脂接合装置として改めて各手段や機能部を命名し説明するものとする。説明の便宜上金属樹脂接合装置を単に接合装置と適宜称する。また、金属板としてアルミニウム平板、ＦＲＰ板としてＣＦＲＰ平板を選択した例とする。 The following describes in detail an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Here, a machining center is given the function of joining the metal plate and FRP plate of the present invention, and is described as a metal-resin joining device. For this reason, the machining center is constructed with various components and functional parts such as a milling machine, but hereafter, the various means and functional parts will be named and described as a metal-resin joining device. For ease of explanation, the metal-resin joining device will be referred to simply as a joining device. In addition, this example will be taken with an aluminum plate selected as the metal plate and a CFRP plate selected as the FRP plate.
図１は、接合装置の構成例を示した説明模式図である。なお、説明の便宜上縮尺は適宜変更して描画してある。
接合装置１は、台座部１０と、工具回転部２０と、制御部３０と、を主要な構成とする。
1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of the configuration of a bonding apparatus, the scale of which has been appropriately changed for ease of explanation.
The welding device 1 mainly comprises a base unit 10, a tool rotation unit 20, and a control unit 30.
台座部１０は、載置面１１と昇降装置１２と固定部１３と荷重センサ１４と温度センサ１５ａとを有する。
載置面１１には、ＣＦＲＰ平板とアルミニウム平板とが面接触した状態で、ＣＦＲＰ平板を下にして載置される。固定部１３は、載置面１１に植設された複数本の規制棒からなり、平板が載置面１１上を移動しないようにしている。
昇降装置１２は、載置面１１を鉛直方向に上下させ、後述するように工具２１との距離を縮めたり離したりする。具体的にはシリンダを駆動させ伸縮をおこなうが、汎用技術を用いることができるのでその詳細な説明は省略する。
荷重センサ１４は、載置面１１の下に設けられ、二枚の平板が載置面１１に乗った状態を０点にして、工具２１からの押当圧力を逐次制御部３０に送信する。
温度センサ１５ａは、工具２１が押したる直下の載置面１１に設けられ、ＣＦＲＰ板の温度を逐次制御部３０に送信する。温度の取得方法は特に限定されないが、たとえば熱電対を用いる例を挙げることができる。
The base portion 10 has a mounting surface 11, a lifting device 12, a fixing portion 13, a load sensor 14, and a temperature sensor 15a.
The CFRP plate is placed face down on the support surface 11, with the CFRP plate and the aluminum plate in surface contact with each other. The fixing portion 13 is made of a plurality of regulating rods embedded in the support surface 11, and prevents the plate from moving on the support surface 11.
The lifting device 12 raises and lowers the placement surface 11 in the vertical direction, and shortens or increases the distance between the placement surface 11 and the tool 21, as described below. Specifically, the lifting device 12 drives a cylinder to perform the extension and contraction, but since general-purpose technology can be used, detailed description thereof will be omitted.
The load sensor 14 is provided under the support surface 11 and transmits the pressing pressure from the tool 21 to the control unit 30 successively, with the state where the two flat plates are placed on the support surface 11 being set as 0 point.
The temperature sensor 15a is provided on the support surface 11 directly below the area pressed by the tool 21, and sequentially transmits the temperature of the CFRP plate to the control unit 30. There are no particular limitations on the method of acquiring the temperature, but one example is the use of a thermocouple.
工具回転部２０は、工具２１と把持回転部２２と温度センサ１５ｂとを有する。
工具２１は、所定長さの円柱形の圧延鋼材であって鉛直に配向され、下端面が軸に対して垂直に形成されている。
把持回転部２２は、円柱の上端側を把持し、工具２１を軸に沿って回転させる。なお、回転数の経時変化については逐次制御部３０に送信する。
工具２１は、昇降装置１２による平板のせり上がりにより、下端の円形端面がアルミニウム平板側から回転しながら面接触して押し当たり、摩擦熱により押当箇所の平板同士が接合される。
温度センサ１５ｂは、工具２１の下端付近の温度を検出して逐次制御部３０に送信する。
The tool rotation unit 20 has a tool 21, a gripping rotation unit 22, and a temperature sensor 15b.
The tool 21 is a cylindrical rolled steel material of a predetermined length that is oriented vertically and has a lower end surface perpendicular to its axis.
The gripping and rotating unit 22 grips the upper end side of the cylinder and rotates the tool 21 along its axis. Note that the change in the number of rotations over time is continuously transmitted to the control unit 30.
As the lifting device 12 raises the flat plate, the circular end face at the lower end of the tool 21 rotates and presses against the aluminum flat plate, making surface contact, and the plates are joined together at the pressed points by frictional heat.
The temperature sensor 15 b detects the temperature near the lower end of the tool 21 and transmits the detected temperature to the control unit 30 successively.
制御部３０は、室温測定器３１と、領域温度測定器３２と、受信部３３と、記憶部３４と、処理指示部３５と、を有する。
室温測定器３１は、接合装置１の設置場所の室温を測定し、受信部３３に測定値を逐次送信する。
領域温度測定器３２はサーモグラフィであって、工具２１とアルミニウム平板との接触面（押当部分）を中心として所定領域各点の温度を測定して受信部３３に逐次データを送信する。
受信部３３は、室温測定器３１、領域温度測定器３２、台座部１０、工具回転部２０からの情報を受信する。具体的には、室温測定器３１から室温の情報を、領域温度測定器３２から押当部分を中心とした領域の温度の情報を、荷重センサ１４から押当圧力の情報を、把持回転部２２から押当圧力の情報を、温度センサ１５ａから押当部分直下のＣＦＲＰ版の温度の情報を、温度センサ１５ｂから押当部分直上の工具２１の温度の情報を、それぞれ入力する。
記憶部３４は、アルミニウム平板の厚みとＣＦＲＰ平板の厚みとを変えて予めおこなった、押当部分の温度推移に関する情報と、回転数の推移に関する情報と、押当圧力の推移に関する情報と、接合強度とに関する情報を組にして記憶している。なお接合強度は別途剥離試験をおこない引張強度を接合強度として記憶させる。
処理指示部３５は、受信部３３に入力された各種情報ないし当該情報の時間推移に基づき、昇降装置１２と把持回転部２２とを制御して、工具２１を押し当てた押当部分の金属板とＦＲＰ板とを接合し、また、押当を終了させる。このとき、記憶部３４に記憶された情報も加味することにより、より適正な処理を実現できる。温度センサ１５ａ、１５ｂの情報は、領域温度測定器３２による温度情報の校正や補正に用いることができる。なお、処理指示部３５の処理アルゴリズムは適宜設定すればよく、機械学習やＡＩ技術により狙いの接合強度が出るようにする。
The control unit 30 has a room temperature measuring device 31 , a region temperature measuring device 32 , a receiving unit 33 , a storage unit 34 , and a processing instruction unit 35 .
The room temperature measuring device 31 measures the room temperature at the location where the bonding apparatus 1 is installed, and sequentially transmits the measured values to the receiving unit 33 .
The area temperature measuring device 32 is a thermograph, which measures the temperature at each point in a predetermined area centered on the contact surface (pressing portion) between the tool 21 and the aluminum plate, and sequentially transmits the data to the receiving unit 33.
The receiving unit 33 receives information from the room temperature measuring device 31, the area temperature measuring device 32, the base unit 10, and the tool rotation unit 20. Specifically, the receiving unit 33 inputs room temperature information from the room temperature measuring device 31, temperature information of the area centered on the pressing portion from the area temperature measuring device 32, pressing pressure information from the load sensor 14, pressing pressure information from the gripping rotation unit 22, temperature information of the CFRP plate directly below the pressing portion from the temperature sensor 15a, and temperature information of the tool 21 directly above the pressing portion from the temperature sensor 15b.
The memory unit 34 stores sets of information on the temperature transition of the pressing part, information on the transition of the rotation speed, information on the transition of the pressing pressure, and information on the bonding strength, which were previously performed by changing the thickness of the aluminum plate and the thickness of the CFRP plate. Note that the bonding strength is determined by a separate peel test, and the tensile strength is stored as the bonding strength.
The process instruction unit 35 controls the lifting device 12 and the gripping rotation unit 22 based on the various information input to the receiving unit 33 or the time progression of the information, to join the metal plate and the FRP plate at the pressing portion where the tool 21 is pressed, and also ends the pressing. At this time, more appropriate processing can be realized by taking into account the information stored in the memory unit 34. The information from the temperature sensors 15a, 15b can be used to calibrate and correct the temperature information from the area temperature measuring device 32. The processing algorithm of the process instruction unit 35 can be set appropriately, and the target joining strength can be obtained by machine learning and AI technology.
次に、具体的な評価試験について説明する。
まず、アルミニウム平板（Ａ１０５０；３０ｍｍ×１００ｍｍ×２ｍｍ）と、ＣＦＲＰ平板（ＰＡ６ ３Ｋ（一村産業株式会社製）融点２１５℃；３０ｍｍ×１００ｍｍ×１ｍｍ）を用意し、重ね合わせ長さを４５ｍｍとして重ね合わせ、載置面１１に載置した。
工具２１は、ＳＳ４００材のΦ１０ｍｍ×６０ｍｍとした。
領域温度測定器３２により押当部分の温度を逐次測定し、１１０℃に至ったところで回転を止めることとし、押当圧力５００Ｎ、回転数１０５０ｒｐｍとして処理指示部３５が各所を制御した。
評価試験は連続して３回行い、表面性状および剪断強度を測定した。
図２は、３回の試験における試料の表面性状および剪断強度を示した結果である。なお剪断強度については、試料片を長手方向に引っ張り、最大強度を重ね合わせ面積で割った値とした。
一回目は、剪断強度は２６ｋＰａでありアルミに若干の変形、樹脂に溶融再凝固痕が認められた。二回目は、剪断強度は４４１ｋＰａでありアルミに大きな変形、樹脂に溶融再凝固痕が認められた。三回目は、剪断強度は８９４ｋＰａでありアルミには円形の孔があき、樹脂にもおおきな溶融再凝固痕が認められた。
図３は、温度の上昇の仕方を示したグラフである。回を重ねる毎に、温度の上昇の仕方が早まっていくのを確認した。これは、工具２１や載置面１１等に熱が残存した結果であると思われる。なお、本試験では数十秒で設定温度に至っており、短時間での接合が可能であることが確認できた。
また、別途、４ｍｍ厚のＣＦＲＰ平板に対して、Φ１０ｍｍのＳＳ４００丸棒を、回転数３１８ｒｐｍで押し当てた時の表面温度の上昇の時間変化を、室温が１０℃と２５℃の場合について測定した。結果を図４に示す。室温により、温度上昇の仕方が大きく異なることが確認できた。
従って、接合装置１は、適正な接合ないし所望の接合となるような制御には、周囲の温度や工具等の温度履歴の情報が必要であることを確認した。
Next, a specific evaluation test will be described.
First, an aluminum plate (A1050; 30 mm × 100 mm × 2 mm) and a CFRP plate (PA6 3K (manufactured by Ichimura Sangyo Co., Ltd.), melting point 215° C.; 30 mm × 100 mm × 1 mm) were prepared, overlapped with an overlap length of 45 mm, and placed on the support surface 11.
The tool 21 was made of SS400 material and had dimensions of Φ10 mm×60 mm.
The temperature of the pressing portion was successively measured by the area temperature measuring device 32, and when it reached 110° C., the rotation was stopped, and the process instruction unit 35 controlled each part with a pressing pressure of 500 N and a rotation speed of 1050 rpm.
The evaluation test was carried out three times in succession, and the surface properties and shear strength were measured.
The surface properties and shear strength of the samples in three tests are shown in Figure 2. The shear strength was calculated by pulling the sample in the longitudinal direction and dividing the maximum strength by the overlapping area.
The first time, the shear strength was 26 kPa, and slight deformation was observed in the aluminum and traces of melting and resolidification were observed in the resin. The second time, the shear strength was 441 kPa, and large deformation was observed in the aluminum and traces of melting and resolidification were observed in the resin. The third time, the shear strength was 894 kPa, and a circular hole was made in the aluminum and large traces of melting and resolidification were observed in the resin.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing how the temperature rises. It was confirmed that the temperature rose faster each time. This is thought to be the result of heat remaining in the tool 21, the mounting surface 11, etc. In this test, the set temperature was reached in several tens of seconds, confirming that joining in a short time is possible.
Separately, a 10 mm diameter SS400 round bar was pressed against a 4 mm thick CFRP plate at a rotation speed of 318 rpm, and the change in surface temperature over time was measured for room temperatures of 10° C. and 25° C. The results are shown in Figure 4. It was confirmed that the way the temperature rose differed greatly depending on the room temperature.
Therefore, it was confirmed that the welding apparatus 1 requires information on the ambient temperature and the temperature history of the tool, etc., in order to control the welding apparatus 1 so as to achieve proper welding or a desired welding.
以上のように、本発明によれば、接着剤やリベットを使わず、短時間で金属とＦＲＰとを接合し、接着剤不使用のため長期的な接合信頼性も維持できる技術を提供することができた。 As described above, the present invention provides a technology that can join metal and FRP in a short time without using adhesives or rivets, and because no adhesives are used, the long-term reliability of the joint can be maintained.
本発明は、自動車産業分野、航空産業分野、ロケットや精製打上などの宇宙開発分野に適用できる。体内に埋め込む人工骨代替素材としての利用も可能である。 The present invention can be applied to the automotive industry, the aviation industry, and space development such as rockets and refinery launches. It can also be used as an artificial bone replacement material to be implanted in the body.
１ 接合装置
１０ 台座部
１１ 載置面
１２ 昇降装置
１３ 固定部
１４ 荷重センサ
１５ａ 温度センサ
１５ｂ 温度センサ
２０ 工具回転部
２１ 工具
２２ 把持回転部
３０ 制御部
３１ 室温測定器
３２ 領域温度測定器
３３ 受信部
３４ 記憶部
３５ 処理指示部
Reference Signs List 1 Bonding device 10 Base unit 11 Placement surface 12 Lifting device 13 Fixing unit 14 Load sensor 15a Temperature sensor 15b Temperature sensor 20 Tool rotation unit 21 Tool 22 Grip rotation unit 30 Control unit 31 Room temperature measuring device 32 Area temperature measuring device 33 Receiving unit 34 Memory unit 35 Processing instruction unit
Claims (3)
金属板とＦＲＰ板とをずれないように重ね合わせて保持する保持手段と、
金属板側から金属板に対して垂直に配向して押し当たり、回転による摩擦熱により金属板とＦＲＰ板とを接合する押当棒体であって、端部が円形で段差のない平面の端面として金属板に押し当たる円柱形の鋼棒である押当棒体と、
押当棒体を棒体の軸を中心に回転させる回転手段と、
ＦＲＰ板側からあてがわれ、ＦＲＰ板と金属板とが間に入った状態で、押当棒体の押圧を受け止める裏当手段と、
押当棒体と裏当手段とを相対的に近づけまたは遠ざけ、回転を伴った押当棒体を金属板へ押し当てるまたは金属板から離す間隔手段と、
押当部分の温度の情報ないし温度推移に関する情報に加えて、押当棒体の回転数の情報ないし回転数の推移に関する情報、および／または、押当部分にかかる圧力である押当圧力の情報ないし押当圧力の推移に関する情報、および／または、室温の情報ないし室温の推移に関する情報を取得する情報取得手段と、
情報取得手段による取得した情報に基づいて、間隔手段および／または回転手段を制御して、押当棒体を押し当てた押当部分の金属板とＦＲＰ板とを、押当部分の温度が金属板の融点未満ＦＲＰ板の融点以上の範囲となるようにして接合する制御手段と、
を具備したことを特徴とする金属樹脂接合装置。 An apparatus for joining a metal plate made of aluminum or an aluminum alloy to an FRP plate made of carbon fiber reinforced plastic , comprising:
A holding means for holding the metal plate and the FRP plate in an overlapping state so as not to be misaligned;
a pressing rod that presses against the metal plate from the metal plate side in a perpendicular orientation and joins the metal plate and the FRP plate by frictional heat caused by rotation , the pressing rod being a cylindrical steel rod with a circular end that presses against the metal plate as a flat end face without any steps;
A rotating means for rotating the pressing rod body around the axis of the rod body;
a backing means that is applied from the FRP plate side and receives the pressure of the pressing rod body in a state where the FRP plate and the metal plate are interposed between the FRP plate and the metal plate;
a spacing means for moving the pressing rod body and the backing means relatively close to or farther from each other, and pressing the pressing rod body with rotation against or away from the metal plate;
an information acquiring means for acquiring information on the temperature of the pressing portion or information on the temperature transition, as well as information on the rotation speed of the pressing rod body or information on the transition of the rotation speed, and/or information on the pressing pressure, which is the pressure applied to the pressing portion or information on the transition of the pressing pressure, and/or information on room temperature or information on the transition of room temperature;
a control means for controlling the spacing means and/or the rotation means based on the information acquired by the information acquisition means to join the metal plate and the FRP plate at the pressing portion where the pressing rod is pressed , so that the temperature of the pressing portion is in a range below the melting point of the metal plate and equal to or higher than the melting point of the FRP plate ;
A metal-resin bonding apparatus comprising:
制御手段は、記憶手段に記憶された情報に基づき押当を終了させることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の金属樹脂接合装置。 The apparatus includes a storage means for storing sets of information on the temperature transition of the pressing portion, information on the transition of the rotation speed, information on the transition of the pressing pressure, and information on the joining strength, which are previously performed by changing the thickness of the metal plate and the thickness of the FRP plate,
2. The metal-resin bonding apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the control means terminates the pressing based on the information stored in the storage means.
3. The metal-resin bonding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of said means is mounted on a machining center.
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| JP2006102748A (en) | 2004-09-30 | 2006-04-20 | Mazda Motor Corp | Friction welding equipment |
| US20150068662A1 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2015-03-12 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Apparatus and methods for joining polymeric composites using a hybrid friction/ultrasound technique for achieving desired weld characteristics |
| JP2017159517A (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-14 | マツダ株式会社 | Method and apparatus for joining metal member and resin member to each other |
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| JP2017159517A (en) | 2016-03-08 | 2017-09-14 | マツダ株式会社 | Method and apparatus for joining metal member and resin member to each other |
| JP2020108902A (en) | 2019-01-07 | 2020-07-16 | 川崎重工業株式会社 | Friction stir spot welding device and friction stir spot welding method |
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