JP7685446B2 - Method for constructing frame members and floor slabs - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for constructing frame members and floor slabs.

When constructing floor and roof slabs of a building (hereinafter, floor slabs and roof slabs are also collectively referred to as "floor slabs"), it is known that a number of flat deck plates are installed on support beams, which are steel beams such as H-shaped steel beams. The floor slab may require openings, for example, to pass water pipes through. The openings are formed by a box punching method in which the flat deck plate is cut and holes are made after the concrete has hardened to form the concrete portion (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).

Design and Construction Guidelines for Steel Deck Plates (Flat Decks) for Floor Formwork, 2006 Edition, Pages 54-56

However, depending on the size of the opening to be formed, the engagement between the flat deck plate and the concrete may be weak, particularly along the edges of the opening, and the flat deck plate and the concrete may peel off. For this reason, in the box-punch method, before pouring the concrete, it is necessary to attach metal fittings to the flat deck plate along the edges of the opening to prevent it from falling.

Methods for attaching metal fittings to a flat deck plate include, for example, welding through rebars, bottom end spacers, piece components, etc. to the flat deck plate, or hammering tex anchors, etc. into the flat deck plate. These types of fixing methods require the metal fittings to be directly welded or hammered into the flat deck plate outside the frame components for the opening, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive.

Therefore, the present invention was made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide a technology that makes it easier to form openings in floor slabs and prevents deck plates from falling.

In order to solve the above problems, the frame member of the present invention is a frame member that defines an opening that is used to form an opening in a floor slab using a deck plate, and is characterized by having a cylindrical tubular portion that is open on both ends, a fixing portion that is fixed to the deck plate and at least partially protrudes outward along one opening of the cylindrical portion, and at least one engaging portion that extends from the fixing portion toward the other opening of the cylindrical portion and engages with a concrete portion of the floor slab.

In a frame member according to one aspect of the present invention, the engagement portion has an extension portion that extends from the fixing portion toward the other opening, and a tip portion that extends in a direction that intersects with the extension direction of the extension portion.

In one aspect of the present invention, the frame member has a plurality of engagement portions provided on the fixing portion along the opening.

Furthermore, in order to solve the above problems, the method for constructing a floor slab according to the present invention includes the steps of fixing a frame member to a deck plate installed on a support beam, pouring concrete into the deck plate to form a concrete portion, and cutting the deck plate inside the frame member to form an opening, and is characterized by using a frame member that defines an opening and has a cylindrical tubular portion with both ends open, a fixing portion that is fixed to the deck plate and protrudes at least partially outward along one opening of the tubular portion, and at least one engaging portion that extends from the fixing portion toward the other opening of the tubular portion and engages with the concrete portion of the floor slab.

The present invention makes it easier to form openings in deck composite slabs and prevents deck plates from falling.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a partially cutaway view of a composite deck slab using a frame member according to the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a frame member according to the present invention. 4 is an enlarged view showing an engagement portion of a frame member according to the present invention. FIG. 13A to 13C are diagrams showing a process of fixing a frame member to a deck plate. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a process for forming a concrete portion. 5A to 5C are schematic diagrams illustrating a step of forming an opening portion. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a deck composite slab cut longitudinally at an opening. This is a cross-sectional view of a deck composite slab cut in the short direction along the engagement portion of the frame member.

Below, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that in the following description, the drawings are schematic, and it should be noted that the dimensional relationships and ratios of each element may differ from reality. There may also be parts in which the dimensional relationships and ratios differ between the drawings.

Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a partial cross section of a floor slab 100 using a frame member 1 according to the present invention. The frame member 1 according to the present invention is attached to a deck plate 200 used in the floor slab 100. The frame member 1 is a frame material that forms an opening 110 in the floor slab 100, and is also a fall prevention material that prevents the deck plate 200 from falling (peeling off) from the concrete section 300 along the edge of the opening 110.

<Floor slab>
The floor slab 100 includes a deck plate 200 and a concrete portion 300. An opening 110 is formed in the floor slab 100. The opening 110 is formed using a frame member 1 according to the present invention. The opening 110 penetrates the floor slab 100 in the thickness direction, and the deck plate 200 is cut along the contour of the frame member 1.

In the following, the direction in which the deck plate 200 is spanned between the H-shaped steel support beams B is referred to as the longitudinal direction (length direction) L of the deck plate 200, and the direction in which multiple deck plates 200 are laid out intersecting the longitudinal direction L is referred to as the transverse direction (width direction) W.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the deck plate 200. The deck plate 200 is bridged between opposing support beams B. One end of the deck plate 200 is placed on one of the support beams B and fixed to the support beam B by welding or the like, and the other end is placed on the other support beam B and fixed to the support beam B by welding or the like. Specifically, the deck plate 200 is placed on and fixed to the flange portion of the support beam B, which is made of, for example, H-shaped steel.

The deck plate 200 is formed from a thin steel plate that has been subjected to a surface treatment such as zinc plating. The deck plate 200 is manufactured, for example, by roll forming a flat steel plate using a roll forming machine. The deck plate 200 is bent at multiple locations using a roll forming machine or the like. The deck plate 200 is a so-called flat deck plate that includes two ribs 210, a surface portion 220, and an end closed portion 230. Note that the deck plate 200 does not need to be surface treated.

In this embodiment, the deck plate 200 is formed as a flat deck plate, but the deck plate 200 used in this embodiment is not limited to a specific shape and may be, for example, a deck plate with a corrugated cross-sectional shape.

The concrete section 300 is formed by solidifying concrete poured on the deck plate 200. Reinforcement bars 310 may be embedded inside the concrete section 300, for example, to prevent cracks, and may be arranged in the longitudinal direction L and the lateral direction W. Here, "reinforcement bars" includes, for example, reinforcing bars, and welded wire mesh, for example, may be embedded instead of reinforcing bars or reinforcing bars.

An opening 110 is formed in the deck composite slab 100. For example, a water pipe or the like is passed through the opening 110. For example, the opening 110 is formed in a rectangular shape in a plan view. The opening 110 is defined by a frame member 1, which will be described later.

Figure 3A is a perspective view of a frame member 1 according to the present invention. Figure 3B is an enlarged view showing an engagement portion of the frame member 1 according to the present invention. The frame member 1 according to the present invention is a frame member that defines an opening 110 used to form an opening 110 in a floor slab 100 using a deck plate 200, and is characterized by having a cylindrical tubular portion 10 with both ends open, fixing portions 20a, 20b that are provided at least partially protruding outward along one opening 11 of the tubular portion 10 and are fixed to the deck plate 200, and at least one engagement portion 30 that extends from the fixing portion 20a toward the other opening 12 of the tubular portion 10 and engages with a concrete portion 300 of the floor slab 100. The frame member 1 according to the present invention will be specifically described below.

The frame member 1 has a cylindrical portion 10, fixing portions 20a, 20b, and an engagement portion 30. The frame member 1 is formed, for example, from a steel plate into a cylindrical shape that is rectangular or approximately rectangular in plan view. The cylindrical portion 10 has openings 11, 12 on both ends. The cylindrical portion 10 has a pair of long side wall portions 13 and a pair of short side wall portions 14. The pair of long side wall portions 13 and the pair of short side wall portions 14 face each other at a predetermined interval and are connected to each other in the circumferential direction. The opening 110 of the floor slab 100 is defined by the long side wall portions 13 and the short side wall portions 14.

The frame member 1 is installed so that the long side wall portion 13 is aligned along the short side direction W of the deck plate 200, and the short side wall portion 14 is aligned along the longitudinal direction L of the deck plate 200. The frame member 1 may also be installed so that the long side wall portion 13 is aligned along the longitudinal direction L of the deck plate 200, and the short side wall portion 14 is aligned along the short side direction W of the deck plate 200. The long side wall portion 13 is formed to be longer in length than the short side wall portion 14. The long side wall portion 13 and the short side wall portion 14 have the same or approximately the same dimensions as the thickness of the concrete portion 300.

The fixing parts 20a, 20b are provided along the edge of one of the openings 11 of the tubular part 10. Specifically, the fixing part 20a is provided along the edge of the long side wall part 13 on the opening 11 side, and the fixing part 20b is provided along the edge of the short side wall part 14 on the opening 11 side. Each fixing part 20a, 20b forms a right angle or a nearly right angle with the long side wall part 13 and the short side wall part 14, and extends to the opposite side of the opposing long side wall part 13 and the short side wall part 14.

The frame member 1 is fixed to the surface portion 220 of the deck plate 200 at the fixing portions 20a and 20b by, for example, screws. The screws are driven into multiple locations along the extension direction of each fixing portion 20a and 20b.

The engagement portions 30 are provided on each of the fixed portions 20a that are continuous with the long side wall portions 13. Specifically, the engagement portions 30 are provided on the edge of the free end side of the fixed portion 20a that extends along the long side wall portion 13. The engagement portions 30 extend perpendicularly or approximately perpendicularly to the fixed portion 20a toward the other opening 12. In this embodiment, five engagement portions 30 are provided along the extension direction of the fixed portion 20a, but the number of engagement portions 30 is not particularly limited.

The engaging portion 30 has an extension portion 31 and a tip portion 32. The extension portion 31 is a rod-shaped portion extending from the fixed portion 20a toward the other opening 12. The tip portion 32 is a rod-shaped portion extending in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the extension portion 31. The tip portion 32 extends in both directions from the extension portion 31 along the extension direction (short direction W) of the fixed portion 20a, parallel or approximately parallel to the long side wall portion 13. In other words, the engaging portion 30 is formed in a T-shape or approximately T-shape when viewed from the front.

<How to build a floor slab>
The method for constructing the floor slab 100 includes a step of fixing the frame member 1 to the deck plate 200 erected on the support beam B, a step of arranging reinforcing bars 310 on the deck plate 200 and pouring concrete to form the concrete portion 300, and a step of cutting the deck plate 200 inside the frame member 1 to form an opening 110, and is characterized by using a frame member 1 having a cylindrical tubular portion 10 with both ends open, fixing portions 20a, 20b that are provided along one opening 11 of the cylindrical portion 10 and protrude at least partially outward and are fixed to the deck plate 20, and at least one engaging portion 30 that extends from the fixing portions 20a, 20b toward the other opening 12 of the cylindrical portion 10 and engages with the concrete portion 300 of the floor slab 100. The method for constructing the floor slab 100 will be specifically described below.

Figure 4A is a diagram showing the process of fixing the frame member 1 to the deck plate 200. Figure 4B is a diagram showing the process of forming the concrete section 300. Figure 4C is a schematic diagram showing the process of forming the opening 110.

First, the deck plate 200 is laid out on the support beam B in the short direction W. A frame member 1 is installed at a predetermined position on the laid deck plate 200, for example, at a position where an opening 110 for passing a water pipe or the like is to be formed. The installed frame member 1 is fixed to the deck plate 200 at the fixing portions 20a, 20b, for example, by driving screws into the fixing portions. The four sides of the laid deck plate 200 are surrounded by, for example, a wooden formwork.

Next, reinforcing bars (not shown) are placed on the deck plate 200, and concrete C is poured. If necessary, opening reinforcement bars (not shown) may be installed around the frame member 1. The concrete C is poured into a formwork that surrounds the entire deck plate 200, but is not poured inside the frame member 1 according to the present invention. After the concrete has solidified and the concrete portion 300 has been formed, the deck plate 200 exposed on the inside of the frame member 1 is cut to form the opening 110.

The floor slab 100 formed as described above uses the frame member 1 of the present invention, which is an integrated unit of the cylindrical portion 10 that defines the opening 110, the fixing portions 20a and 20b that are fixed to the deck plate 200, and the engaging portion 30 that engages with the concrete portion 300. Therefore, the frame member 1 alone can prevent the deck plate 200 from peeling off from the concrete portion 300 around the opening 110, making it easier to form the opening 110 and reducing the construction work required to form the opening 110.

Figure 5A is a cross-sectional view of the floor slab 100 cut in the longitudinal direction L at the opening 110. Figure 5B is a cross-sectional view of the floor slab 100 cut in the transverse direction W along the engagement portion 30 of the frame member 1. Furthermore, since the frame member 1 has multiple engagement portions 30, the engagement between the deck plate 200 and the concrete portion 300 can be ensured at multiple points around the opening 110, ensuring high durability of the floor slab 100. Furthermore, since the engagement portion 30 is formed in a T-shape, the concrete portion 300 is wrapped around the tip portion 32 and engages from below (upward arrow in Figure 5B), enhancing the composite effect of the frame member 1 and the concrete portion 300.

Furthermore, since the frame member 1 can be expected to provide strength around the opening 110, it is possible to omit the need for additional opening reinforcement around the opening 110.

Furthermore, when the frame member 1 is fixed to the deck plate 200, the engagement portion 30 faces the longitudinal direction L, so it functions, for example, as a spacer supporting one end of the reinforcing bar 310, and there is no need to install a separate spacer.

＜Other＞
Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and includes all aspects included in the concept of the present invention and the scope of the claims. In addition, each configuration may be appropriately selected and combined so as to achieve at least a part of the above-mentioned problems and effects. In addition, for example, the shape, material, arrangement, size, etc. of each component in the above embodiment may be appropriately changed depending on the specific use mode of the present invention. In addition, the engagement portion 30 in this embodiment is provided along the fixing portion 20a continuing to the long side wall portion 13, but may be provided along the fixing portion 20b continuing to the short side wall portion 14. As a result, the engagement between the deck plate 200 and the concrete portion 300 via the frame member 1 becomes stronger.

In the above embodiment, the frame member 1 is fixed to the deck plate 200 at the fixing portions 20a and 20b by screws or the like, but the frame member 1 may be additionally fixed to the deck plate 200 by, for example, a head screw. In this case, it is preferable that the head of the head screw is screwed into the frame member 1 and the deck plate 200 with the head protruding sufficiently from the fixing portions 20a and 20b. This allows the head of the head screw to be additionally engaged with the concrete portion 300.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the tip portion 32 extends along the long side wall portion 13 of the tubular portion 10, but it may extend in a direction intersecting the plane of the long side wall portion 13.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the cross section of the tubular portion 10 is rectangular or approximately rectangular in plan view, but this can be changed as appropriate depending on the shape of the opening 110, and may be, for example, a polygon such as a triangle or pentagon, or a circle such as an ellipse or oblong.

1: Frame member 10: Cylindrical portion 11: One opening 12: The other opening 20a, 20b: Fixed portion 30: Engagement portion 31: Extension portion 32: Tip portion 100: Floor slab 110: Opening 200: Deck plate 300: Concrete portion

Claims (4)

A frame member defining an opening for forming an opening in a floor slab using a deck plate,
A cylindrical portion having both ends open;
a fixing portion provided along one opening of the cylindrical portion and protruding at least partially outwardly and fixed to the deck plate;
At least one engagement portion extending from the fixing portion toward the other opening of the cylindrical portion and engaging with a concrete portion of the floor slab;
A frame member comprising: The engagement portion is
an extension portion extending from the fixing portion toward the other opening;
a tip portion extending in a direction intersecting the extension direction of the extension portion;
The frame member according to claim 1 , further comprising: The frame member according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a plurality of the engagement portions are provided on the fixing portion along the opening. A step of fixing a frame member to a deck plate installed on a support beam;
pouring concrete into the deck plate to form a concrete portion;
cutting the deck plate inside the frame member to form an opening;
Including,
A method for constructing a floor slab, comprising: using a frame member defining the opening, the frame member having a cylindrical portion open on both ends; a fixing portion protruding at least partially outward along one of the openings of the cylindrical portion and fixed to the deck plate; and at least one engaging portion extending from the fixing portion toward the other opening of the cylindrical portion and engaging with the concrete portion.

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