JP7687616B2 - Raising unit, raising structure, and method for installing raising unit - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a height-raising unit, a height-raising structure, and a method for installing a height-raising unit.

With the recent increase in flood damage, there is a demand for raising the height of levees built on rivers and other structures. As an example of a method for raising levees, Patent Document 1 describes a method of continuously arranging precast concrete structures for raising the levees at the top of existing levees along the extension direction of the levees.

JP 2021-105263 A

The embankment raising method described in Patent Document 1 requires a lot of cost for manufacturing and installing the embankment raising structure. In addition, because the embankment raising structure is heavy, if the soil below the embankment is not solid, the weight of the embankment raising structure may cause the embankment to sink, and the embankment may not be raised sufficiently.

The present invention aims to provide a lightweight height-raising unit, height-raising structure, and a method for installing the height-raising unit that can be manufactured and installed at low cost.

According to a first aspect of the present invention,
A raising unit for raising a levee having an upper surface and an inclined surface inclined from the upper surface toward a water area,
a hollow block made of resin and having an L-shaped cross section, the hollow block having a hollow plate-like base and a hollow plate-like wall portion standing upright from the base;
a wall plate, a base plate inclined relative to the wall plate and extending downward from a lower end of the wall plate toward one side of the wall plate, and a bracket having a ridge-shaped sealing portion protruding toward the other side of the wall plate along a connection portion between the wall plate and the base plate;
An anchor is provided for fixing the base of the hollow block to the upper surface of the embankment;
A height-raising unit is provided in which, when the raising unit is installed on the embankment, the wall portion of the hollow block is faced toward the water side of the embankment, the wall panel of the bracket is abutted against the wall portion of the hollow block, the base plate of the bracket is abutted against the sloping surface of the embankment, and the sealing portion of the bracket is positioned between the hollow block and the embankment.

In the first aspect of the height-raising unit, the hollow block may have a first connection portion provided at one end in a direction along the connection portion between the base and the wall portion, and a second connection portion provided at the other end in the same direction. The first connection portion may have a first surface perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion, and the second connection portion may have a second surface perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion, the second surface being configured to abut against the first surface of the first connection portion of another hollow block installed adjacent to the hollow block.

In the first aspect of the height-raising unit, the hollow block may have a rib formed by a constriction in the hollow block.

In the first embodiment of the height-raising unit, the height of the wall panel of the bracket may be 1/3 or less of the height of the wall portion of the hollow block.

In the first aspect of the raising unit, the hollow block may be provided with an opening for injecting a weight into the hollow block.

In the first aspect of the height-raising unit, the hollow block may be provided with an exhaust port for exhausting gas from inside the hollow block when the weight is inserted.

In the first aspect of the height-raising unit, the bracket may have a first connection portion provided at one end in a direction along the connection portion between the base plate and the wall plate, and a second connection portion provided at the other end in the same direction. The first connection portion may have a first surface perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall plate, and the second connection portion may have a second surface perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall plate, the second surface being configured to abut against the first surface of the first connection portion of another bracket installed adjacent to the bracket.

In the first aspect of the raising unit, the anchor may be a pivot anchor having an anchor portion that is driven into the ground and a rod portion that is pivotally connected to the anchor portion.

The first aspect of the height-raising unit may further include a road surface forming plate that is installed on the base of the hollow block.

According to a second aspect of the present invention,
A raised structure including a plurality of raised units arranged in a row in the extension direction of the embankment,
There is provided a raised structure, in which each of the plurality of raised units is a raised unit of the first aspect.

In a second aspect of the present invention, the hollow block of at least one of the plurality of height-raising units may be curved along the extension direction of the embankment.

According to a third aspect of the present invention,
A method for installing the raising unit of the first aspect on the embankment, comprising the steps of:
Fixing the hollow block to the embankment using the anchor;
A method is provided that includes injecting a weight into the interior of the hollow block.

The height-raising unit and height-raising structure of the present invention can be manufactured and installed at low cost and are lightweight. The method of installing the height-raising unit of the present invention allows a lightweight height-raising unit manufactured at low cost to be installed at low cost.

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a raised unit and a raised structure. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the block as seen from the rear. FIG. 3 is a rear view of the block. Fig. 4(a) is a cross-sectional view taken along line IVa-IVa in Fig. 3, and corresponds to a cross-sectional view of the left-side joint of the block. Fig. 4(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line IVb-IVb in Fig. 3, and corresponds to a cross-sectional view of the main body of the block. Fig. 4(c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line IVc-IVc in Fig. 3, and corresponds to a cross-sectional view of the rib of the main body of the block. Fig. 4(d) is a cross-sectional view taken along line IVd-IVd in Fig. 3, and corresponds to a cross-sectional view of the right-side joint of the block. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of the bracket as seen from the rear. 6(a) to 6(c) are cross-sectional views of the bracket cut along a plane perpendicular to the width direction. Fig. 6(a) is a cross-sectional view of a region near the left end in the width direction where the first connecting recess is present. Fig. 6(b) is a cross-sectional view of the center in the width direction. Fig. 6(c) is a cross-sectional view of a region near the right end in the width direction where the second connecting recess is present. FIG. 7 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of a main anchor (pivot anchor). Figures 8(a) to 8(d) are side views showing the process of forming a raised structure by installing the raising unit on the embankment. Figure 8(a) shows the state where a recess is formed on the upper surface of the embankment, Figure 8(b) shows the state where a main anchor is installed in the recess, Figure 8(c) shows the state where a block is installed in the recess, and Figure 8(d) shows the state where a bracket is installed on the river side of the block. 9(a) to 9(c) are plan views showing the process of forming a raised structure by installing the raising units on the embankment. Fig. 9(a) shows the state where the main anchor is installed in the recess, Fig. 9(b) shows the state where the blocks are installed in series along the extension direction of the embankment, and Fig. 9(c) shows the state where the brackets are installed in series on the river side of the blocks along the extension direction of the embankment. FIG. 10 is a plan view of the curved block. FIG. 11 is a plan view of the curved bracket.

<Embodiment>
The raising unit 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention and its installation method will be described using an example in which the raising unit 100 is installed on a river embankment EM to form a raised structure 1000.

[Overall configuration]
As shown in Figure 1, the raising unit 100 mainly comprises a block 10 placed on the upper surface of the embankment EM, a bracket 20 placed on the river side of the block 10, a main anchor 31 and a secondary anchor 32 for fixing the block 10 to the embankment EM, a bracket anchor 40 for fixing the bracket 20 to the embankment EM, and a road surface forming plate 50 placed on the block 10.

[Block 10]
The block 10 (FIGS. 2 to 4) is a hollow block body integrally molded from resin. The resin may be high-density polyethylene, for example. The block 10 may be formed, for example, by blow molding the resin.

The block 10 has a main body 11 and connecting portions 12 and 13 provided at both ends of the main body 11. The main body 11 mainly has a hollow plate-shaped base 111 and a hollow plate-shaped wall portion 112.

In the block 10, the direction in which the connecting parts 12 and 13 sandwich the main body part 11 is called the width direction. In addition, the direction perpendicular to the width direction and extending along the base part 111 is called the front-rear direction, and the direction perpendicular to the width direction and extending along the wall part 112 is called the up-down direction.

In the front-to-rear direction, the side where the wall portion 112 exists is the front, and the opposite side is the rear. In the up-down direction, the side where the base portion 111 exists is the bottom, and the opposite side is the top. In the width direction, the left and right sides when looking forward from the rear are the left and right sides, respectively.

[Main body 11]
The base 111 is a hollow plate-like portion composed of a top plate 111a, a bottom plate 111b, a rear plate 111d, a left plate 111e, and a right plate 111f.

The tabletop 111a (FIG. 4B) is a generally flat plate inclined so that the rear end is positioned lower than the front end. The tabletop 111a has a curved portion cv ₁₁₁ near the front end where the tabletop 111a curves upward.

The bottom plate 111b (FIG. 4B) is a generally flat plate extending in a plane perpendicular to the vertical direction, and faces the top plate 111a in the vertical direction. The bottom plate 111b has a curved portion _CV111 near its front end where the bottom plate 111b curves upward.

The rear plate 111d (Figure 4(b)) is curved so as to be convex upward and rearward, and connects the rear end of the top plate 111a to the rear end of the bottom plate 111b.

The left plate 111e (Figs. 2 and 3) is a flat plate extending in a plane perpendicular to the width direction, connecting the left end of the top plate 111a, the left end of the bottom plate 111b, and the left end of the rear plate 111d. The right plate 111f (Figs. 2 and 3) is a flat plate extending in a plane perpendicular to the width direction, connecting the right end of the top plate 111a, the right end of the bottom plate 111b, and the right end of the rear plate 111d.

Within the base 111, a space (cavity) _H111 is defined which is surrounded by a top plate 111a, a bottom plate 111b, a rear plate 111d, a left plate 111e, and a right plate 111f.

The wall portion 112 is a hollow plate-like portion composed of a front plate 112c, a rear plate 112d, a left plate 112e, a right plate 112f, and a top plate 112a.

The front plate 112c (FIG. 4B) is a generally flat plate extending in a plane perpendicular to the front-rear direction. The front plate 112c has a curved portion CV ₁₁₂ near its lower end where the front plate 112 curves rearward.

The front plate 112c and the bottom plate 111b are connected by connecting the curved portion _CV112 of the front plate 112c to the curved portion _CV111 of the bottom plate 111b of the base 111. In the vicinity of the connection portion between the front plate 112c and the bottom plate _111b , the curved portion _CV112 and the curved portion CV111 form a curved portion _CV11 that is curved so as to be convex downward and forward.

The rear plate 112d (FIG. 4B) is a generally flat plate inclined so that its lower end is located further rearward than its upper end, and faces the front plate 112c in the front-rear direction. The rear plate 112d has a curved portion _cv112 near its lower end where the rear plate 112d curves rearward.

The rear plate 112d and the top plate 111a are connected by connecting the curved portion _cv112 of the rear plate 112d to the curved portion _cv111 of the top plate 111a of the base 111. In the vicinity of the connection portion between the rear plate 112d and the top plate _111a , the curved portion _cv112 and the curved portion cv111 form a curved portion _cv11 that is curved so as to be convex downward and forward.

The top plate 112a (Figure 4(b)) is curved so as to be convex upward and rearward, and connects the upper end of the front plate 112c to the upper end of the rear plate 112d.

The left plate 112e (Figs. 2 and 3) is a flat plate extending in a plane perpendicular to the width direction, and connects the left end of the front plate 112c, the left end of the rear plate 112d, and the left end of the top plate 112a. The lower end of the left plate 112e is connected to the front end of the left plate 111e of the base 111. The left plate 111e and the left plate 112e, which are flush with each other, form the left plate 11e of the main body 11.

The right plate 112f (Figs. 2 and 3) is a flat plate extending in a plane perpendicular to the width direction, and connects the right end of the front plate 112c, the right end of the rear plate 112d, and the right end of the top plate 112a. The lower end of the right plate 112f is connected to the front end of the right plate 111f of the base 111. The right plate 11f of the main body 11 is composed of the right plate 111f and the right plate 112f, which are flush with each other.

A space (cavity) _H112 is defined inside the wall portion 112 and is surrounded by a top plate 112a, a front plate 112c, a rear plate 112d, a left plate 112e, and a right plate 112f. The space _H112 is in communication with the space _H111 of the base portion 111. The space _H111 and the space _H112 form a space _H11 .

Five ribs RB (FIGS. 2 and 3) are formed by constrictions in the main body 11 and are arranged at equal intervals in the width direction on the main body 11. Each of the five ribs RB includes a front-rear rib RB1 that extends in the front-rear direction on the base 111, and an upper-lower rib RB2 that extends in the up-down direction on the wall 112.

The front-rear rib RB1 has a shape in which the top plate 111a of the base 111 is recessed into a groove shape extending in the front-rear direction, and the top plate 111a abuts against the bottom plate 111b (FIG. 4(c)). In the front-rear rib RB1, the top plate 111a may be welded to the bottom plate 111b. The upper-lower rib RB2 has a shape in which the rear plate 112d of the wall portion 112 is recessed into a groove shape extending in the vertical direction, and the rear plate 112d abuts against the front plate 112c (FIG. 4(c)). In the upper-lower rib RB2, the rear plate 112d may be welded to the front plate 112c. The front end of the front-rear rib RB1 is connected to the lower end of the upper-lower rib RB2.

The presence of the ribs RB increases the strength against bending and twisting of both the base 111 and the wall 112. The space _H11 inside the main body 11 is separated (divided) into six spaces aligned in the width direction by the five ribs RB. In this embodiment, as shown in Fig. 4(c), gaps exist between the rear ends of the front and rear ribs RB1 and the upper ends of the upper and lower ribs RB2, so that the six spaces aligned in the width direction communicate with each other through the gaps.

The base 111 of the main body 11 is provided with injection ports IN (FIG. 2). Six injection ports IN are provided side by side in the width direction near the curved portion _cv111 of the top plate 111a. One injection port IN is provided for each of the six spaces defined by dividing the space _H11 by the five ribs RB.

The wall 112 of the main body 11 is provided with an exhaust outlet EX. Six exhaust outlets EX are provided in a row in the width direction near the upper end of the rear plate 112d. One exhaust outlet EX is provided for each of the six spaces defined by dividing the space _H11 by the five ribs RB.

[Connection parts 12, 13]
The connecting portion 12 is provided at the left end portion of the main body portion 11. The connecting portion 12 has a connecting base portion 121 and a connecting wall portion 122.

The connecting base 121 (FIG. 4A) is a generally flat plate extending in a plane perpendicular to the up-down direction. The connecting base 121 has a curved portion CV ₁₂₁ near its front end where the connecting base 121 curves upward. The right end of the connecting base 121 is connected to the left plate 111e of the base 111.

The connecting wall portion 122 ( FIG. 4A ) is a generally flat plate extending in a plane perpendicular to the front-rear direction. The connecting wall portion 122 has a curved portion CV ₁₂₂ near its lower end portion where the connecting wall portion 122 curves rearward. The right end portion of the connecting wall portion 122 is connected to the left plate 112 e of the wall portion 112.

The curved portion _CV122 of the connecting wall portion 122 is connected to the curved portion _CV121 of the connecting base portion 121, thereby connecting the connecting wall portion 122 and the connecting base portion 121. In the vicinity of the connection portion between the connecting wall portion 122 and the connecting base portion ₁₂₁ , the curved portion _CV121 and the curved portion CV122 form a curved portion _CV12 that is curved so as to be convex downward and forward.

The underside of the connecting base 121 is located above the underside of the bottom plate 111b of the base 111, and the front surface of the connecting wall 122 is located rearward of the front surface of the front plate 112c of the wall 112.

The connecting portion 13 is provided at the right end of the main body portion 11. The connecting portion 13 has a connecting base portion 131 and a connecting wall portion 132 (Figure 4 (d)).

The connecting base 131 (FIG. 4D) is a generally flat plate extending in a plane perpendicular to the up-down direction. The connecting base 131 has a curved portion CV ₁₃₁ near its front end where the connecting base 131 curves upward. The left end of the connecting base 131 is connected to the right plate 111f of the base 111.

The connecting wall portion 132 is a generally flat plate extending in a plane perpendicular to the front-rear direction. The connecting wall portion 132 has a curved portion CV ₁₃₂ near its lower end portion where the connecting wall portion 132 curves rearward. The left end portion of the connecting wall portion 132 is connected to the right plate 112f of the wall portion 112.

The curved portion _CV132 of the connecting wall portion 132 is connected to the curved portion _CV131 of the connecting base portion 131, thereby connecting the connecting wall portion 132 and the connecting base portion 131. In the vicinity of the connection portion between the connecting wall portion 132 and the connecting base portion ₁₃₁ , the curved portion _CV131 and the curved portion CV132 form a curved portion _CV13 that is curved so as to be convex downward and forward.

The lower surface of the connecting base 131 is flush with the lower surface of the bottom plate 111b of the base 111, and the front surface of the connecting wall 132 is flush with the front surface of the front plate 112c of the wall 112. In addition, the lower front surface of the curved portion _CV13 is flush with the lower front surface of the curved portion _CV11 of the main body 11.

[Through holes TH1, TH2, TH3]
In addition, the block 10 has three through holes TH1 for fixing the block 10 to the embankment EM with main anchors 31, three through holes TH2 for fixing the block 10 to the embankment EM with secondary anchors 32, and three through holes TH3 for connecting the block 10 to the bracket 20.

The through holes TH1 are provided near the curved portion _CV121 of the connecting base 121 of the connecting part 12, near the curved portion CV131 of the connecting base ₁₃₁ of the connecting part 13, and near the front end of the front/rear rib RB1 of the rib RB located in the center in the width direction. The through holes TH1 are provided forward of the center in the front/rear direction of the block 10 (and/or the center in the front/rear direction of the bottom plate 111b).

Through holes TH2 are provided near the rear end of the connecting base 121 of the connecting part 12, near the rear end of the connecting base 131 of the connecting part 13, and near the rear ends of the front and rear ribs RB1 of the rib RB located in the center in the width direction.

The through holes TH3 are provided near the curved portion _CV122 of the connecting wall portion 122 of the connecting portion 12, near the curved portion CV132 of the connecting wall portion ₁₃₂ of the connecting portion 13, and near the lower ends of the upper and lower ribs RB2 of the rib RB located in the center in the width direction.

[Dimensions etc.]
In the body 11 of the block 10 having the above-mentioned configuration, the front plate 112c of the wall 112 and the bottom plate 111b of the base 111 are perpendicular to each other, and the wall 112 stands upright from the base 111. The block 10 is L-shaped when viewed in the width direction.

The height of the wall 112 (the height from the underside of the bottom plate 111b of the base 111 to the upper end of the front plate 112c of the wall 112) may be, for example, about 300 mm to 700 mm. The length of the base 111 (the length from the front surface of the front plate 112c of the wall 112 to the rear end of the bottom plate 111b of the base 111) may be, for example, about 300 mm to 700 mm. The height of the wall 112 and the length of the base 111 may be the same.

The widthwise length of the main body 11 may be, for example, about 1000 mm to 2000 mm. The widthwise length of the connecting parts 12, 13 may be, for example, about 50 mm to 200 mm.

[Bracket 20]
The bracket 20 (FIGS. 5 and 6) is a hollow body integrally molded from resin. The resin may be high-density polyethylene, for example. The bracket 20 may be formed, for example, by blow molding the resin.

The bracket 20 mainly comprises a base plate portion 21, a wall plate portion 22, and a ridge-shaped sealing portion 23.

In the bracket 20, the direction in which the sealing portion 23 extends is called the width direction. The direction perpendicular to the width direction and extending along the wall plate portion 22 is called the up-down direction, and the direction perpendicular to the width direction and the up-down direction is called the front-rear direction.

In the front-to-rear direction, the side where the base plate portion 21 is located relative to the wall plate portion 22 is the front, and the opposite side is the rear. In the up-down direction, the side where the wall plate portion 22 is located relative to the base plate portion 21 is the top, and the opposite side is the bottom. In the width direction, the left and right sides when looking forward from the rear are the left and right sides, respectively.

The base plate portion 21 is a hollow rectangular plate with the width direction as the longitudinal direction, and has an upper surface 21a and a lower surface 21b. The base plate portion 21 is inclined so that the front end is positioned lower than the rear end. The lower surface 21b of the base plate portion 21 is a flat surface.

The wall panel portion 22 is a rectangular plate with the width direction as the longitudinal direction, and has a front surface 22c and a rear surface 22d. The rear surface 22d of the wall panel portion 22 is a flat surface. The lower end portion of the wall panel portion 22 is connected to the rear end portion (upper end portion) of the base panel portion 21.

The upper surface 21a of the base plate portion 21 and the front surface 22c of the wall plate portion 22 form the front surface 20c of the bracket 20. The front surface 20c is a curved surface that is convex downward and toward the rear.

The sealing portion 23 is a ridge-shaped portion that protrudes rearward from the connection between the base plate portion 21 and the wall plate portion 22 and extends in the width direction.

The upper surface 23a of the sealing portion 23 is a curved surface that extends downward and rearward from the lower end of the rear surface 22d of the wall panel portion 22. The upper surface 23a is curved so as to be convex downward and forward.

The lower surface 23b of the sealing portion 23 is a curved surface that extends upward and rearward from the upper end of the lower surface 21b of the base plate portion 21. The lower surface 23b is curved so as to be convex upward and forward.

The rear surface 23d of the sealing portion 23 is a flat surface extending in a plane perpendicular to the front-rear direction. The rear surface 23d connects the upper surface 23a and the lower surface 23b.

A first connecting recess CR1 is provided at the left end of the bracket 20. In the first connecting recess CR1, there is no sealing portion 23, and the lower surface 21b of the base plate portion 21 and the rear surface 22d of the wall plate portion 22 are recessed (Figure 6 (a)).

A second connection recess CR2 is provided at the right end of the bracket 20. In the second connection recess CR2, the front surface 20c of the bracket 20 is recessed (Figure 6(c)).

In addition, the bracket 20 has two through holes TH4 for fixing the bracket 20 to the embankment EM using bracket anchors 40, and two through holes TH5 for connecting the block 10 and the bracket 20.

Through hole TH4 is provided inside each of the first and second connecting recesses CR1 and CR2 near the front end of base plate portion 21. Through hole TH5 is provided inside each of the first and second connecting recesses CR1 and CR2 near the upper end of wall plate portion 22.

[Dimensions etc.]
In bracket 20 having the above configuration, the inclination angle θ of base plate portion 21 relative to wall plate portion 22 (FIG. 6(b); the inclination angle of lower surface 21b of base plate portion 21 relative to rear surface 22d of wall plate portion 22 when viewed in the width direction) can be, for example, two different values: approximately 110° to 120° and approximately 125° to 135°. In other words, bracket 20 of this embodiment includes two types of brackets having different inclination angles θ.

The height of the wall plate portion 22 (the dimension (vertical dimension) along the rear surface 22d from the lower end of the rear surface 23d of the sealing portion 23 to the upper end of the rear surface 22d of the wall plate portion 22) may be, for example, about 100 mm to 200 mm. In this embodiment, the height of the wall plate portion 22 is 1/3 or less of the height of the wall portion 112 of the block 10. In addition, the height of the base plate portion 21 (the dimension along the lower surface 21b from the rear surface 22d of the wall plate portion 22 (the position of the rear surface 22d in the front-to-rear direction) to the front end of the lower surface 21b of the base plate portion 21) may be, for example, about 100 mm to 200 mm. The height of the wall plate portion 22 and the height of the base plate portion 21 may be the same.

The widthwise length of the bracket 20 may be, for example, about 800 mm to 2000 mm. The widthwise lengths of the first connecting recess CR1 and the second connecting recess CR2 may be, for example, about 50 mm to 150 mm. The vertical, front-rear, and widthwise dimensions of the bracket 20 are each smaller than the vertical, front-rear, and widthwise dimensions of the block 10.

[Main anchor 31, secondary anchor 32, bracket anchor 40]
In this embodiment, the main anchor 31 is a pivot anchor. As shown in Fig. 7, the main anchor 31 has an anchor portion 311 and a rod portion 312. A recessed hole 311h is provided in the anchor portion 311. The anchor portion 311 and the rod portion 312 are pivotally connected to each other at a connecting portion 313.

In this embodiment, the secondary anchor 32 and bracket anchor 40 are L-shaped anchors.

[Road surface forming board 50]
The road surface forming plate 50 (FIG. 1) may be a plate-shaped member made of, for example, resin, concrete, metal, etc. The resin may be, for example, high-density polyethylene. The road surface forming plate 50 has an upper surface 50a on which grooves and protrusions for preventing slipping are formed.

[Installation method]
Specifically, the raising unit 100 is installed on the embankment EM as follows, for example.

(1) As shown in FIG. 8(a), a recess R is formed in the river side area of the upper surface of the embankment EM. Also, if necessary, the inclination angle of the slope SL that slopes from the upper surface of the embankment EM toward the river side is adjusted.

The inclination angle of the slope SL is adjusted so that the angle of the slope SL with respect to the vertical direction matches or approximates one of the two inclination angles θ of the bracket 20. This makes it easier to achieve a good installation state in which the bracket 20 abuts against the block 10 and the embankment EM (described in detail later).

(2) As shown in Figures 8(b) and 9(a), the main anchor 31 is cast into the bottom surface Rb of the recess R (which is part of the upper surface of the embankment EM). Specifically, one end of a driving rod (not shown) is inserted into the recess 311h of the anchor part 311, and the other end of the driving rod is struck to drive the anchor part 311 into the ground. The driving rod is then removed, and the rod 312 is pulled upward. This causes the anchor part 311 to pivot relative to the rod 312, and the main anchor 31 is installed in the ground with the side with the larger area of the anchor part 311 perpendicular to the extension direction of the rod 312 (i.e., with a large pull-out resistance).

(3) As shown in Figures 8(c) and 9(b), multiple blocks 10 are lined up along the extension direction of the embankment EM. Each block 10 is installed so that the width direction of the block 10 coincides or nearly coincides with the extension direction of the embankment EM and the front plate 112c of the wall portion 112 faces the river side. The block 10 is positioned inside the recess R so that the rod 312 of the main anchor 31 that has already been installed passes through each of the three through holes TH1.

A certain block 10 (hereinafter referred to as the "reference block") is arranged so that the connecting portion 12 of the reference block 12 overlaps the connecting portion 13 of a block 10 (hereinafter referred to as the "adjacent block") arranged adjacent to the left side of the certain block 10. In this state, the through holes TH1, TH2, and TH3 provided in the connecting portion 12 of the reference block overlap with the through holes TH1, TH2, and TH3 provided in the connecting portion 13 of the adjacent block, respectively.

In the area where the connecting parts 12 and 13 overlap, the upper surface of the connecting base 131 of the connecting part 13 of the adjacent block abuts against the lower surface of the connecting base 121 of the connecting part 12 of the reference block. In addition, the rear surface of the connecting wall 132 of the connecting part 13 of the adjacent block abuts against the front surface of the connecting wall 122 of the connecting part 12 of the reference block.

In this way, by providing the connecting parts 12 and 13, the contact surface between adjacent blocks 10 can be made wider, and water intrusion can be better prevented.

After the block 10 is installed, nuts N (Figure 8(c)) are tightened on each rod 312 of the main anchor 31. This presses the block 10 against the top surface of the embankment EM and secures it to the embankment EM. In addition, a secondary anchor 32 is driven through the through hole TH2 of the block 10 to more firmly secure the block 10 to the embankment EM.

(4) As shown in Figures 8(d) and 9(c), on the river side of the block 10, multiple brackets 20 are lined up along the extension direction of the embankment EM. Each bracket 20 is installed so that the width direction of the bracket 20 coincides or nearly coincides with the extension direction of the embankment EM and the front surface 20c faces the river side.

The bracket 20 is installed by selecting the bracket 20 that matches or is close to the inclination angle of the slope SL of the embankment EM at the installation location from two types of bracket 20 with different inclination angles θ. Therefore, when the bracket 20 is installed, the lower surface 21b of the base plate portion 21 abuts against the slope SL of the embankment EM, and the rear surface 22d of the wall plate portion 22 abuts against the front plate 112c and the connecting wall portion 132 of the wall portion 112 of the block 10.

The sealing portion 23 is fitted between the base 111 of the block 10 and the bottom surface Rb of the recess R. The upper surface 23a of the sealing portion 23 abuts against the curved surfaces _CV11 and _CV13 of the block 10.

A certain bracket 20 (hereinafter referred to as the "reference bracket") is positioned so that the first connecting recess CR1 of the reference bracket overlaps with the second connecting recess CR2 of a bracket 20 (hereinafter referred to as the "adjacent bracket") positioned to the left of the reference bracket. In this state, the through holes TH4 and TH5 provided in the first connecting recess CR1 of the reference bracket overlap with the through holes TH4 and TH5 provided in the second connecting recess CR2 of the adjacent bracket, respectively. Furthermore, the through hole TH5 overlaps with the through hole TH3 of the block 10.

As shown in FIG. 9(c), in this embodiment, the width direction length of the bracket 20 is approximately half the width direction length of the block 10. In the extension direction of the embankment, the positions where the through holes TH1, TH2, and TH3 of the block 10 are installed coincide with the positions where the through holes TH4 and TH5 of the bracket 20 are installed.

In the area where the reference bracket and the adjacent bracket overlap, the front surface 20c of the second connecting recess CR2 of the adjacent bracket abuts against the underside 21b of the base plate portion 21 and the rear surface 22d of the wall plate portion 22 of the first connecting recess CR1 of the reference bracket. In this way, by providing the first and second connecting recesses CR1 and CR2, the abutment surface between the adjacent brackets 20 can be made wider, and water intrusion can be better prevented.

After the bracket 20 is installed, a bracket anchor 40 is driven through the through hole TH4 of the bracket 20 to fix the bracket 20 to the embankment EM. In addition, a bolt (not shown) is passed through the through hole TH5 of the bracket 20 and the through hole TH3 of the block 10 to fix the bracket 20 to the block 10.

(5) Mortar is then injected into the space 11E in the body 11 of the block through the injection hole IN of the block 10 and allowed to solidify. When the mortar is injected, the air in the space 11E is exhausted through the exhaust port EX. The injection port IN is blocked by the solidified mortar.

The mortar functions as a weight inside the block 10, and also serves to support the top plate 111a from below to prevent the top plate 111a from being dented. The amount of mortar to be injected can be set arbitrarily depending on the weight of the necessary weight, but as an example, it can be an amount that fills the space _H111 inside the base 111. Note that a foaming agent such as urethane foam may be injected instead of mortar.

Finally, a road surface forming plate 50 is placed on the base 111 of the block 10 (Figure 1). The road surface forming plate 50 is positioned so that the upper surface 50a is flush or nearly flush with the upper surface of the embankment EM. The road surface forming plate 50 may be fixed to the base 111 of the main body 11 of the block 10 using bolts or the like. The road surface forming plate 50 can prevent damage to the block 10 caused by pedestrians or vehicles on the embankment EM, and can also suppress slipping of pedestrians and vehicles.

As a result of the above, a raised structure 1000 is formed in which the raised units 100 are arranged in series along the embankment EM.

The advantages of the height-raising unit 100 of this embodiment are summarized below.

The height-raising unit 100 of this embodiment is mainly composed of a block 10 and a bracket 20, each of which is a hollow body made of resin. Therefore, it can be manufactured and installed at low cost and is lightweight.

In the present embodiment, the raising unit 100 is composed of separate blocks 10 and brackets 20, and the blocks 10 are L-shaped when viewed in the width direction. In this way, the block 10, which is the largest in volume in the raising unit 100, is L-shaped to facilitate stacking, which allows the raising unit 100 to be transported efficiently to the installation location, thereby reducing transportation costs.

In addition, by making the block 10, which has the largest volume in the raised unit 100, L-shaped, which is not a complex shape, it becomes easier to process the hollow resin body, and manufacturing costs can be reduced.

In the present embodiment, the height-raising unit 100 has two variations of brackets 20, each of which has a smaller volume than the block 10, with different inclination angles θ of the base plate portion 21 relative to the wall plate portion 22. In this way, by providing variations to the small-volume brackets 20, it is possible to increase the versatility of the height-raising unit 100 while suppressing increases in manufacturing costs. If one were to provide variations for the large-volume block 10, the costs of mold manufacturing and the like would increase, making it difficult to suppress manufacturing costs.

In the height-raising unit 100 of this embodiment, a bracket 20 is installed on the river side of the block 10, and the wall plate portion 22 of the bracket 20 abuts against the block 10. Therefore, when the river floods, water is effectively prevented from entering between the block 10 and the embankment EM. In addition, even if the wall portion 112 of the block 10 is pushed toward the river side, the wall plate portion 22 of the bracket 20 prevents the wall portion 112 from tipping over toward the river side.

In the height-raising unit 100 of this embodiment, the bracket 20 has a sealing portion 23, and in the installed state, the sealing portion 23 is inserted and positioned between the block 10 and the embankment EM. Therefore, when the river floods, water is effectively prevented from entering between the block 10 and the embankment EM.

The River Law requires that the raising unit that is actually installed in a river (1) be of a safe structure against the normal action of flowing water, (2) be of a structure that will not be subject to scouring, sliding or seepage failure due to anticipated loads, and (3) be of a structure in which the main parts are made of concrete, steel sheet piles or similar, or have a breast wall of concrete structure or similar structure. The raising unit 100 of this embodiment meets these requirements and can be manufactured and installed at low cost.

The method of installing the height-raising unit 100 and the height-raising structure 1000 of this embodiment also achieve the same effects as described above.

<Modification>
In the above embodiment, the following variations can also be used.

In the block 10 of the above embodiment, the front plate 112c of the wall 112 and the bottom plate 111b of the base 111 are perpendicular to each other, but this is not limited to the above. The angle between the front plate 112c of the wall 112 and the bottom plate 111b of the base 111 (angle viewed in the width direction) can be in the range of 80° to 100°. In the present invention, "the wall stands upright from the base" and "has an L-shaped cross section" mean that the angle between the front plate 112c and the bottom plate 111c is in the range of 80° to 100°.

In the block 10 of the above embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the main body 11 taken along a plane perpendicular to the width direction may be any shape other than L-shaped (approximately L-shaped). For example, the top plate 111a of the base 111 may be parallel to the bottom plate 111b, and the rear plate 112d of the wall 112 may be parallel to the front plate 112c. Also, the curved portion _CV11 may not be provided. In this case, a right-angled bend is defined by the front end of the bottom plate 111b and the lower end of the front plate 112c. The sealing portion 23 of the bracket 20 is fitted between the bottom plate 111 and the embankment EM by pressing down the upper surface of the embankment EM, for example.

The base 111 and wall 112 of the main body 11 may be of the same shape and dimensions, and the connecting bases 121, 131 and connecting walls 122, 132 of the connecting parts 12, 13 may be of the same shape and dimensions (a through hole is provided near the upper end of the connecting walls 122, 132 at a position corresponding to the through hole TH2 of the connecting bases 121, 131). In this case, the block 10 is symmetrical with respect to a plane extending in a direction tilted 45° backward from the vertical and along the width direction. This allows the base and wall to be used (installed) without distinction at the site, and the same block 10 can be placed in the same way on both sides of the river.

In the block 10 of the above embodiment, the rib RB and the connecting portions 12 and 13 may be omitted. When forming the raised structure 1000 using a block 10 that does not have the connecting portions 12 and 13, a sealant may be placed between adjacent blocks 10.

In the block 10 of the above embodiment, the connecting bases 121, 131 and the connecting walls 122, 132 of the connecting parts 12, 13 may be curved or corrugated rather than flat. For example, by making the connecting bases 121 and 131 corrugated so that they can abut against each other, the area of the abutting surface between the connecting bases 121 and 131 can be increased, and water intrusion can be better prevented. The same applies to the connecting walls 122 and 132. In addition, through holes may be provided near the upper ends of the connecting walls 122, 132, and bolts may be tightened through the through holes when connecting. This allows the connecting walls 122, 132 to be more closely fitted to better prevent water intrusion.

In the block 10 of the above embodiment, the connecting bases 121, 131 and connecting walls 122, 132 of the connecting parts 12, 13 are formed from a single plate-like member, but this is not limited to this. The connecting bases 121, 131 and connecting walls 122, 132 may be hollow plates made up of a pair of opposing plate parts, or may have a structure in which a pair of plate parts are fused together. In addition, the hollow plates may have a pair of opposing plate parts abutting and fused together in the vicinity of the through holes TH1 to TH3.

In the block 10 of the above embodiment, the connecting parts 12, 13 may only have the connecting wall parts 122, 132. Even in an embodiment that only has the connecting wall parts 122, 132 arranged on the river side of the connecting base parts 121, 132, the intrusion of water can be effectively suppressed.

In the block 10 of the above embodiment, the positions of the inlet IN and the outlet EX are arbitrary. The inlet IN may be provided in the wall portion 112, and the outlet EX may be provided in the base portion 111. Also, the inlet IN and/or the outlet EX may be omitted.

The bracket 20 in the above embodiment is a hollow body, but it may also be a solid body.

In the above embodiment, the brackets 20 include two types of brackets with different inclination angles θ of the base plate portion 21 relative to the wall plate portion 22, but this is not limited to this. The variation in inclination angle θ of the brackets 20 may be only one type, or any number of types greater than or equal to three types.

In the above embodiment, the height of the wall plate portion 22 of the bracket 20 is 1/3 or less of the height of the wall portion 112 of the block 10, but is not limited to this. The height of the wall plate portion 22 of the bracket 20 is arbitrary, and may be 1/2 or less of the height of the wall portion 112 of the block 10.

In the bracket 20 of the above embodiment, the shapes of the first and second connecting recesses CR1 and CR2 may be changed as appropriate. For example, the first connecting recess CR1 may be configured such that the rear surface 22d of the wall plate portion 22 is recessed, and the base plate portion 21 and the sealing portion 23 are not present. In this case, in the second connecting recess CR2, only the front surface 22c of the wall plate portion 22 is recessed. Also, in the bracket 20 of the above embodiment, the first and second connecting recesses CR1 and CR2 may be omitted. When forming the raised structure 1000 using a bracket 20 that does not have the first and second connecting recesses CR1 and CR2, a sealant may be placed between adjacent brackets 20.

In the installation method of the height-raising unit 100 of the above embodiment, water may be injected as a weight instead of mortar. Any other fluid, powder, or solid may be used as a weight. A weight such as mortar may also be injected into the bracket 20. The injection port may be formed with a drill or the like during installation, or may be provided in advance. In addition, in the installation method of the height-raising unit 100 of the above embodiment, it is not necessary to inject a weight.

In the method of installing the height-raising unit 100 in the above embodiment, the casting of the secondary anchor 32 may be omitted. In addition, the bracket 20 may be fixed only by the bracket anchor 40, or by a bolt (or other fastener) (not shown) for fixing to the block 10.

In the method of installing the height-raising unit 100 of the above embodiment, a watertight sheet material such as a resin sheet or water-expanding rubber may be sandwiched between the contact portion of the block 10 and the bracket 20. This will better prevent water from entering.

In the method of installing the height-raising unit 100 in the above embodiment, any anchor may be used for the main anchor 31, the secondary anchor 32, and the bracket anchor 40. For example, all the anchors may be pivot anchors, or all the anchors may be L-shaped anchors.

In the method of installing the height-raising unit 100 in the above embodiment, the installation of the road surface forming plate 50 may be omitted. In this case, the top plate 111a of the base 111 of the block 10 may be treated with an anti-slip coating.

In the installation method of the height-raising unit 100 of the above embodiment, if the embankment EM is curved along the extension direction, adjacent blocks 10 may be connected via a curved block 70, and adjacent brackets 20 may be connected via a curved bracket 80.

The curved block 70 is a hollow block integrally molded from resin, and as shown in FIG. 10, has a main body 71 and connecting parts 72 and 73 provided at both ends of the main body 71.

The main body 71 is a hollow body similar to the main body 11 of the block 10. The main body 71 has a structure in which the width dimension of the main body 11 is reduced and the main body 71 is curved (in this specification, "curved" includes "bent") along the width direction. The angle of curvature θ ₇₁ (FIG. 10) can be set arbitrarily. In FIG. 10, the main body 71 is curved so as to be convex toward the wall side (river side), but it may be curved so as to be convex toward the base side (land side). The width dimension of the curved block 70 can be, for example, about 300 mm to 500 mm.

Connecting parts 72, 73 have the same structure as connecting parts 12, 13 of block 10. That is, connecting part 72 has connecting base 721 and connecting wall 722, and connecting part 73 has connecting base 731 and connecting wall 732. Connecting bases 721, 731 are provided with through holes TH1, TH2, and connecting wall 722, 732 is provided with through hole TH3. Through holes TH1 to TH3 may be long holes, such as arc-shaped or linear, so that the angle of block 10 relative to curved block 70 (angle in plan view) can be fine-tuned when connecting block 10 to curved block 70. This makes it easier to position block 10 to match the curvature of the embankment EM.

The curved bracket 80 is a hollow body integrally molded from resin, and mainly comprises a base plate portion 81, a wall plate portion 82, and a ridge-shaped sealing portion 83. The curved bracket 80 has a structure in which the width dimension of the bracket 20 is reduced and curved along the width direction. The angle of curvature θ ₈₀ (FIG. 11) can be set arbitrarily. In FIG. 11, the bracket 80 is curved so as to be convex toward the base plate portion 81 side (river side), but it may also be curved so as to be convex toward the sealing portion 83 side (land side). The width dimension of the curved bracket 80 can be, for example, about 300 mm to 500 mm.

The curved bracket 80 has a first connecting recess CR1 and a second connecting recess CR2 at both ends, similar to the bracket 20. Through holes TH4 and TH5 are provided inside the first connecting recess CR1 and the second connecting recess CR2, respectively. The through holes TH4 and TH5 may be long holes having an arc shape, a straight line shape, or the like, so that the angle of the bracket 20 relative to the curved bracket 80 (angle in a plan view) can be fine-tuned when connecting the bracket 20 to the curved bracket 80. This makes it easier to position the bracket 20 to match the curvature of the embankment EM.

Similarly curved road surface forming plates can be placed on top of the curved blocks 70 and curved brackets 80.

The block 10 and bracket 20 of the above embodiment may be curved along the width direction, similar to the curved block 70 and curved bracket 80. The curved portion may be provided at any position in the width direction, for example, at the center of the main body 11 and bracket 20 in the width direction.

A height-raising kit may be constructed by combining the block 10 with multiple types of brackets 20 each having a different inclination angle θ.

In the above embodiment, an example has been described in which the raising unit 100 is installed on a river embankment EM for the purpose of raising the embankment of the river. However, the raising unit 100 can be used to raise the embankment of any body of water, such as the sea or a lake or marsh.

As long as the characteristics of the present invention are maintained, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and other forms that are conceivable within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention are also included within the scope of the present invention.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 Block 11 Main body 111 Base 112 Wall 12, 13 Connecting portion 20 Bracket 21 Foundation plate 22 Wall plate 23 Sealing portion 31 Main anchor 32 Sub-anchor 40 Bracket anchor 50 Road surface forming plate 70 Curved block 80 Curved bracket

Claims (12)

A raising unit for raising a levee having an upper surface and an inclined surface inclined from the upper surface toward a water area,
a hollow block made of resin and having an L-shaped cross section, the hollow block having a hollow plate-like base and a hollow plate-like wall portion standing upright from the base;
a wall plate, a base plate inclined relative to the wall plate and extending downward from a lower end of the wall plate toward one side of the wall plate, and a bracket having a ridge-shaped sealing portion protruding toward the other side of the wall plate along a connection portion between the wall plate and the base plate;
An anchor is provided for fixing the base of the hollow block to the upper surface of the embankment;
When the raising unit is installed on the embankment, the wall portion of the hollow block is faced toward the water side of the embankment, the wall panel of the bracket is abutted against the wall portion of the hollow block, the base plate of the bracket is abutted against the sloping surface of the embankment, and the sealing portion of the bracket is positioned between the hollow block and the embankment. the hollow block includes a first connection portion provided at one end in a direction along a connection portion between the base portion and the wall portion, and a second connection portion provided at the other end in the same direction;
The first connection portion has a first surface perpendicular to a thickness direction of the wall portion,
The raised unit according to claim 1, wherein the second connection portion has a second surface perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall portion and configured to abut against a first surface of a first connection portion of another hollow block installed adjacent to the hollow block. The raising unit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hollow block has a rib formed by a constriction in the hollow block. A height-raising unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, in which the height of the wall panel of the bracket is 1/3 or less of the height of the wall portion of the hollow block. The raising unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hollow block has an opening for injecting a weight into the hollow block. The raising unit according to claim 5, wherein the hollow block is provided with an exhaust port for exhausting gas from inside the hollow block when the weight is inserted. The bracket includes a first connection portion provided at one end in a direction along a connection portion between the base plate and the wall plate, and a second connection portion provided at the other end in the same direction,
The first connection portion has a first surface perpendicular to a thickness direction of the wall panel,
A height-raising unit as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the second connection portion has a second surface perpendicular to the thickness direction of the wall panel and configured to abut against a first surface of a first connection portion of another bracket installed adjacent to the bracket. The height-raising unit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the anchor is a pivot anchor having an anchor part that is driven into the ground and a rod part that is pivotally connected to the anchor part. The height-raising unit according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising a road surface forming plate installed on the base of the hollow block. A raised structure including a plurality of raised units arranged in a row in the extension direction of the embankment,
A raised structure, wherein each of the plurality of raised units is a raised unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9. The raised structure according to claim 10, wherein the hollow block of at least one of the plurality of raised units is curved along the extension direction of the embankment. A method for installing a raising unit according to any one of claims 1 to 9 on an embankment, comprising the steps of:
Fixing the hollow block to the embankment using the anchor;
injecting a weight into the interior of said hollow block.

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