JP7693538B2 - Noxを低減するための銅トラップ成分を添加した触媒組成物 - Google Patents
Noxを低減するための銅トラップ成分を添加した触媒組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7693538B2 JP7693538B2 JP2021523817A JP2021523817A JP7693538B2 JP 7693538 B2 JP7693538 B2 JP 7693538B2 JP 2021523817 A JP2021523817 A JP 2021523817A JP 2021523817 A JP2021523817 A JP 2021523817A JP 7693538 B2 JP7693538 B2 JP 7693538B2
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- zeolite
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- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/92—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases of engine exhaust gases
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- B01D53/9404—Removing only nitrogen compounds
- B01D53/9409—Nitrogen oxides
- B01D53/9413—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst
- B01D53/9418—Processes characterised by a specific catalyst for removing nitrogen oxides by selective catalytic reduction [SCR] using a reducing agent in a lean exhaust gas
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Description
4NO+4NH3+O2→4N2+6H2O(標準のSCR反応)
2NO2+4NH3+O2→3N2+6H2O(遅いSCR反応)
NO+NO2+2NH3→2N2+3H2O(高速SCR反応)
本明細書に開示される触媒組成物は、概して、モレキュラーシーブおよび銅トラップ成分、例えば、アルミナを含む。モレキュラーシーブおよび銅トラップ成分は、同じウォッシュコート層内に含有することができるが、または本開示の目的のために一緒に「触媒組成物」を含む別個のウォッシュコート層内に含有することができる。有利には、本開示は、特に層状構造に関するものであり、触媒組成物が、基材上に銅トラップ成分含有「プレコート」を含み、プレコートの少なくとも一部上にモレキュラーシーブ含有コーティングが配置されている。本開示は、触媒組成物中に存在するものとして「銅トラップ成分」に言及していることに留意されたい。この命名法は、例えばモレキュラーシーブが銅で促進化されたものである場合に関連することを理解されたい。しかしながら、本明細書で以下に参照される「銅トラップ成分」の種類は、ゼオライトの銅促進化を必要とするとは言えず、「銅トラップ成分」は、モレキュラーシーブが別の種類の金属、例えば鉄で促進化されたものである場合に有用かつ関連し得る。
1つ以上の実施形態によれば、基材(開示された触媒組成物が触媒物品、例えば、SCRoFなどのSCR触媒物品を得るために適用される)は、自動車触媒を調製するために典型的に使用される任意の材料から構築され得、典型的には金属またはセラミックのハニカム構造で構成される。本明細書で使用される場合、「基材」という用語は、触媒材料が典型的にはウォッシュコートの形態で適用されるモノリス材料を指す。基材は、典型的には、SCRウォッシュコート組成物(例えば、本明細書で上に開示された金属促進化モレキュラーシーブを含む)が塗布および接着される複数の壁面を提供し、それによって触媒組成物の担持体として作用する。
本開示によれば、SCR触媒組成物は、一般に、金属促進化モレキュラーシーブ材料を提供することによって調製される。CHA構造を有するモレキュラーシーブは、当技術分野で知られている様々な技術、例えば、Zonesによる米国特許第4,544,538号、Zonesによる米国特許第6,709,644号、ならびにBullらによる米国特許第8,883,119号(それらの全体は参照によりここに組み込まれる)に従って調製し得る。他の種類のモレキュラーシーブを調製する方法は、当技術分野で知られており、開示された組成物内に含めるための所望のゼオライト骨格を提供するために容易に使用することができる。
上で言及したように、触媒組成物は、調製され、基材上にコーティングされる。この方法は、本明細書に概して開示される触媒組成物(または触媒組成物の1つ以上の成分)を溶媒(例えば、水)と混合して、触媒基材をコーティングするためのスラリーを形成することを含むことができる。上で言及したように、金属促進化ゼオライト成分およびアルミナ成分は、同じスラリー内または別々のスラリー内で調製することができ、すなわち、それぞれ、基材上に1つのウォッシュコートまたは独立したウォッシュコートをもたらす。いくつかの実施形態では、1つのスラリーが銅トラップ成分(例えば、アルミナ)を含んで提供され、第2のスラリーが金属促進化ゼオライト成分を含んで、任意選択で追加のアルミナ成分(これは、または1つ目のスラリーのアルミナ成分と同じかまたは異なる)を含んで提供される。
得られる触媒物品(基材上の1つ以上のウォッシュコート層を含み、触媒組成物でコーティングされた基材を提供する)は、様々な構成を有することができる。いくつかの実施形態では、本明細書で言及したように、開示される触媒組成物のすべての成分(金属促進化ゼオライト成分および銅トラップ成分を含む)は、単一の触媒組成物ウォッシュコート層(すなわち、混合物)内に含有され、これは基材上の1つ以上の層として提供される。いくつかの実施形態では、基材上にコーティングされた触媒組成物が別個のウォッシュコート層を含み、少なくとも1つのウォッシュコート層が金属促進化ゼオライト成分を含み、少なくとも1つの(別個の)ウォッシュコート層がアルミナ成分を含む、触媒物品が提供される。例えば、特定の一実施形態では、アルミナ成分を含む第1の触媒組成物ウォッシュコート層は、基材と直接接触しており、金属促進化ゼオライト成分を含む第2の触媒組成物ウォッシュコート層は、少なくとも第1の触媒組成物ウォッシュコート層の一部上に直接存在する。この特定の実施形態では、1つの例示的な触媒物品は、0.2~2.0g/in3の負荷でその表面に直接配置されたアルミナ含有ウォッシュコート層と、アルミナ含有ウォッシュコート層上に配置された金属促進化ゼオライト含有ウォッシュコート層と、を有する基材を含む。
本開示による触媒組成物を利用する窒素酸化物の選択的還元は、一般に、アンモニアまたは尿素の存在下で実施される。特に、本明細書に記載の方法に従って調製された触媒組成物を含むSCRシステムは、車両の排気ガス処理システムに統合することができる。例示的なSCRシステムは、以下の成分を含むことができる。本明細書に記載のSCR触媒組成物;尿素貯蔵タンク;尿素ポンプ;尿素投与システム;尿素インジェクター/ノズル;およびそれぞれの制御ユニット。
本発明の態様は、以下の実施例によってさらに完全に例示され、これらは、本発明の特定の態様を記載するために例示されるのであって、本発明を限定するものとして解釈されるべきではない。
SCRoF触媒製品を形成するために、様々なコーティング方法と様々なアルミナ材料を調査した。具体的には、この研究で評価されたアルミナ材料は、分散性ベーマイトアルミナ、ガンマアルミナ、およびシリカドープガンマアルミナであった。以下の表1に、評価されたサンプルの設計とコーティングを示す。
Claims (30)
- 選択的接触還元(SCR)触媒物品として使用される触媒物品であって、
壁流フィルター基材と、
前記壁流フィルター基材上にコーティングされた触媒組成物と、を含み、前記触媒組成物が、
ゼオライトであって、0.1~0.5のCu/Al比および1~15重量%のCuO負荷を有するように前記ゼオライトのカチオン部位に交換された十分なCuを有する、ゼオライトと、
前記Cu交換ゼオライトの重量に基づいて約1~約20重量%の量の銅トラップ成分と、を含み、
前記銅トラップ成分が、約0.5~20ミクロンのD90粒子サイズを有する複数の粒子を含み、且つ
前記触媒組成物が、前記ゼオライトと前記銅トラップ成分との物理的ブレンドを含むウォッシュコートの形態であり、
前記ウォッシュコートが、前記壁流フィルター基材の少なくとも一部上に直接配置されている、触媒物品。 - 前記触媒組成物が、前記ゼオライトを含む第1のウォッシュコートおよび前記銅トラップ成分を含む第2のウォッシュコートの形態であり、
前記第2のウォッシュコートが、前記壁流フィルター基材の少なくとも一部上に直接配置され、前記第1のウォッシュコートが、前記第2のウォッシュコートの少なくとも一部上に直接配置されている、請求項1に記載の触媒物品。 - 前記第1のウォッシュコートが、第2の銅トラップ成分をさらに含み、前記第2の銅トラップ成分が、前記第2のウォッシュコートの前記銅トラップ成分と同じであり得るか、または異なり得る、請求項2の触媒物品。
- 前記銅トラップ成分が、アルミナ、シリカ、ジルコニア、ニオブ、モリブデン、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料を含む、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記銅トラップ成分が、アルミナを含む、請求項4に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記アルミナが、ベーマイト、ガンマアルミナ、シリカアルミナ、安定化アルミナ、およびそれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項5に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記アルミナが、ガンマアルミナを含む、請求項6に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記銅トラップ成分が、約0.5~5ミクロンのD90粒子サイズを有する複数の粒子を含む、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記銅トラップ成分が、約0.5~3ミクロンのD90粒子サイズを有する複数の粒子を含む、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記ゼオライトが、約0.01~約5ミクロンの平均粒子サイズを有する、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記ゼオライトが、AEI、AFT、AFV、AFX、AVL、CHA、DDR、EAB、EEI、ERI、IFY、IRN、KFI、LEV、LTA、LTN、MER、MWF、NPT、PAU、RHO、RTE、RTH、SAS、SAT、SAV、SFW、TSC、UFI、ならびにそれらの組み合わせおよび連晶からなる群から選択される「8環」骨格構造を有する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記ゼオライトが、AEI、AFT、CHA、LTA、ならびにそれらの組み合わせおよび連晶から選択される骨格構造を有する、請求項11に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記ゼオライトが、CHA骨格構造を有する、請求項11に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記ゼオライトが、AEL、AFO、AHT、BOF、BOZ、CGF、CGS、CHI、DAC、EUO、FER、HEU、IMF、ITH、ITR、JRY、JSR、JST、LAU、LOV、MEL、MFI、MFS、MRE、MTT、MVY、MWW、NAB、NAT、NES、OBW、PAR、PCR、PON、PUN、RRO、RSN、SFF、SFG、STF、STI、STT、STW、SVR、SZR、TER、TON、TUN、UOS、VSV、WEI、WEN、ならびにそれらの組み合わせおよび連晶からなる群から選択される「10環」骨格構造を有する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記ゼオライトが、FER、MEL、MFI、STT、ならびにそれらの組み合わせおよび連晶から選択される骨格構造を有する、請求項14に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記ゼオライトが、AFI、AFR、AFS、AFY、ASV、ATO、ATS、BEA、BEC、BOG、BPH、BSV、CAN、CON、CZP、DFO、EMT、EON、EZT、FAU、GME、GON、IFR、ISV、ITG、IWR、IWS、IWV、IWW、JSR、LTF、LTL、MAZ、MEI、MOR、MOZ、MSE、MTW、NPO、OFF、OKO、OSI、RON、RWY、SAF、SAO、SBE、SBS、SBT、SEW、SFE、SFO、SFS、SFV、SOF、SOS、STO、SSF、SSY、USI、UWY、VET、ならびにそれらの組み合わせおよび連晶からなる群から選択される「12環」骨格構造を有する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記ゼオライトが、AFI、BEA、FAU、MAZ、MOR、OFF、ならびにそれらの組み合わせおよび連晶から選択される骨格構造を有する、請求項16に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記ゼオライトが、CHAとGMEまたはAEIとGMEの連晶を含む骨格構造を有する、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記銅トラップ成分が、Cu交換ゼオライトの重量に基づいて約2~約20重量%の量で存在する、請求項1~18のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記ゼオライトが、約0.5g/in3~約5.0g/in3の量で存在する、請求項1~19のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記ゼオライトが、約1g/in3~約5.0g/in3の量で存在する、請求項20に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記第2のウォッシュコートの第1の部分が、前記基材の壁内に配置され、前記第2のウォッシュコートの第2の部分が、前記基材の壁上に配置されている、請求項2及び請求項2を直接的又は間接的に引用する請求項3~21のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記第2のウォッシュコートが、前記基材の壁内に配置されている、請求項2及び請求項2を直接的又は間接的に引用する請求項3~21のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品。
- 前記第1のウォッシュコートが、前記基材の壁上に配置されている、請求項22または23に記載の触媒物品。
- 尿素インジェクターの下流の、かつ内燃機関と流体連通した請求項1~24のいずれか一項に記載の触媒物品を備える、排気ガス処理システム。
- ディーゼル酸化触媒、煤フィルター、アンモニア酸化触媒、リーンNOxトラップ、およびそれらの任意の組み合わせからなる群から選択される成分をさらに含む、請求項25に記載の排気ガス処理システム。
- 前記内燃機関が、ディーゼルエンジンである、請求項25または26に記載の排気ガス処理システム。
- 増強された低温および高温のNOx変換を備えたSCRoFを調製する方法であって、
銅トラップ成分とゼオライトの混合物を含むウォッシュコートを壁流フィルター基材上にコーティングすることであって、
前記銅トラップ成分が、約0.5~20ミクロンのD90粒子サイズを有する複数の粒子を含み、
前記ゼオライト成分が、前記ゼオライトが0.1~0.5のCu/Al比および1~15重量%のCuO負荷を有するように前記ゼオライトのカチオン部位に交換された十分なCuを含む、コーティングすることと、
前記コーティングされた壁流フィルター基材を焼成して前記SCRoFを得ることと、を含む、方法。 - 前記銅トラップ成分が、アルミナである、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記SCRoFが、前記壁流フィルター基材上に約0.05g/in3~約0.5g/in3のアルミナのアルミナ負荷を含む、請求項28又は29に記載の方法。
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| JP2013522011A (ja) | 2010-03-11 | 2013-06-13 | ジョンソン、マッセイ、パブリック、リミテッド、カンパニー | NOxの選択触媒還元のための無秩序なモレキュラーシーブ担体 |
| JP2014525822A (ja) | 2011-06-21 | 2014-10-02 | ジョンソン、マッセイ、パブリック、リミテッド、カンパニー | 触媒化基材および内燃機関用排気システム |
| JP2017522170A (ja) | 2014-05-16 | 2017-08-10 | ジョンソン、マッセイ、パブリック、リミテッド、カンパニーJohnson Matthey Public Limited Company | 排ガスを処理するための触媒物品 |
| JP2017538573A (ja) | 2014-12-08 | 2017-12-28 | ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション | 排気システム用の一酸化二窒素除去触媒 |
| JP2018523044A (ja) | 2015-05-19 | 2018-08-16 | ビーエーエスエフ コーポレーション | パッシブ選択触媒還元に使用するための触媒スートフィルタ |
| WO2018086977A1 (en) | 2016-11-10 | 2018-05-17 | Haldor Topsøe A/S | Catalyst comprising a molecular sieve belonging to the abc-6 framework family with disorder in the abc stacking sequence and use of the catalyst |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR102875846B1 (ko) | 2025-10-24 |
| US20220001371A1 (en) | 2022-01-06 |
| KR20210068517A (ko) | 2021-06-09 |
| US12134088B2 (en) | 2024-11-05 |
| EP3873664A4 (en) | 2022-09-07 |
| EP3873664A1 (en) | 2021-09-08 |
| JP2022509023A (ja) | 2022-01-20 |
| WO2020092113A1 (en) | 2020-05-07 |
| CN112969534A (zh) | 2021-06-15 |
| BR112021008252A2 (pt) | 2021-08-03 |
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