JP7694902B2 - Concrete leveling conveyor - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a transport device for smoothing concrete, and in particular to a transport device for a re-vibration device or screed that is suitable for surface finishing (smoothing) in concrete floor construction.

Traditionally, concrete floor leveling equipment has been used in concrete floor construction to make the surface of the concrete floor even. Various types of equipment have been used, including types that workers hold by hand, types that are integrated with a traveling vehicle so that workers can perform leveling work while walking, and types equipped with a laser screwing machine.

Currently, such concrete leveling equipment generally uses a gasoline engine generator as its power source.
An example of such a concrete leveling device is the device described in Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. 6-66027 (Patent Document 1).
The device in Patent Document 1 is a walking type in which the worker holds a handle and walks while leveling the concrete. The power source used is a gasoline engine generator, and the electrical energy generated by the generator is stored in a battery to supply the necessary power.

Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 6-66027

In the walking type concrete leveling device as described in Patent Document 1, the worker walks on the reinforcing bars into which the ready mixed concrete is poured to perform the leveling work, which places a heavy burden on the worker and requires the deployment of multiple workers. In the device using a gasoline engine as the vibration source, the vibration frequency can only be increased to about 130 Hz even at the maximum engine speed, and the viscosity of high-mixture (hard) cement mortar cannot be reduced (liquefied) by re-vibration, resulting in incomplete deairing and dewatering, and in the case of construction using low-mixture cement mortar, the viscosity must be reduced by using additives, which complicates management by adjusting the amount of additives.
In addition, as the vibrations transmitted from the leveling device move away from the vibration source, the vibration frequency to the cement mortar is attenuated, and the need to repeatedly vibrate the insufficient parts results in duplicate work, which not only increases the burden on personnel, but also creates problems such as costs and the environment that cannot be improved due to the increase in the number of personnel, such as working within a limited time.
Furthermore, because gasoline engines generate exhaust fumes, not only does this pose a major environmental problem, requiring careful attention to adequate ventilation at construction sites where ventilation is insufficient, but the weight of the equipment also necessitates measures such as increasing the contact area with the ground to reduce damage to rebar, which means that the running tires are large, making it difficult to miniaturize the equipment.

In addition, in the past, there was a major issue of cracks caused by insufficient compaction of the concrete floor when leveling it. Currently, repairs of cracks of 0.5 mm or more are required under the defect warranty within two years after completion.
The reason for this is that when pouring and leveling, vibrations using a rod-equipped vibrator and a tamping machine were used, but mostly only at the leveling stage, and re-vibration was not performed after water channels began to form in the concrete. Therefore, after conventional compaction, the trowel finish was performed with water channels still formed, and the floor finish was performed with air bubbles and voids left in the concrete. This process causes cracks to appear in a short period of time after completion due to external wear and impacts from forklifts driving and storing heavy objects through the air bubbles and voids in the concrete.

The object of the present invention is to solve such conventional problems, and to provide a concrete leveling transport device capable of transporting a re-vibration device etc. which suppresses cracks in concrete, improves durability, and reduces labor and enables automation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a transport device that automatically travels while towing a re-vibrating device for removing air bubbles and voids in concrete when leveling concrete, thereby preventing cracks and reducing labor.

To solve the above problems, the concrete leveling conveying device of the present invention has the following configuration.

The present invention provides a transport device for concrete leveling that is movable over a wire mesh and has a connecting means for connecting to a transport target device that is towed and transported during concrete leveling, the transport device having a housing, two wheels with toothed outer circumferences that are attached to axles on both sides of the housing and capable of running in ready mixed concrete, and a swivel caster attached to the bottom surface of the housing, and within the housing are two motors that independently drive the two wheels, a battery that drives the two motors, and a supply means that supplies a control signal and battery power to the transport target device when connected to the transport target device. the wheels are located forward of a center line that bisects the front-to-rear dimension of the housing, and an auxiliary wheel following the wheels is disposed behind the wheels, the auxiliary wheel includes an auxiliary wheel frame rotatably attached to the housing and a small wheel fixed to the auxiliary wheel frame, the small wheel has a toothed shape that alternates between concave and convex portions in the direction around an axis, and includes a plurality of concave portions, a plurality of convex portions located between the concave portions, and a pipe attached to the convex portions, the length of the pipe being longer than the dimension of the diagonal of the mesh of the wire mesh (corresponding to claim 1).

In addition to the above configuration, the transport target device is adapted to be able to mount either a re-vibration device or a screed, or both (corresponding to claim 2).

In addition to the above configuration, the device has a height adjustment mechanism that adjusts the height of the device to be transported when connected to the device to be transported (corresponding to claim 3).

In addition to the above configuration, a control means is provided for remotely or automatically transporting the connected transport target device (corresponding to claim 4).

According to the present invention, in order to improve the process in which cracks occur, a self-propelled vibrator is constructed that can perform re-vibration once water channels begin to form during leveling, thereby removing air bubbles and voids and allowing for unmanned operation, thereby improving quality and reducing labor.
Conventional engine-driven vibration devices have had differences in vibration values between the center and both ends, or many machines have not been quantified, and therefore cannot be said to achieve quantitative and uniform compaction. The model of the present invention makes the difference between the center and the ends uniform and quantifies it, making it possible to perform dense compaction over the entire floor surface and to remove air bubbles and voids evenly. It is possible to realize a transport device that is an integrated configuration of a re-vibration device for a concrete leveling surface finishing device, a screed, and a transport device.

The drawings show specific embodiments of the invention according to the present disclosure, including essential features of the invention as well as alternative and preferred embodiments.
FIG. 2 is a structural diagram of the first embodiment of the concrete leveling re-vibration device and a transport device connected to the re-vibration device. FIG. 2 is a plan view of FIG. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 1A and 1B are diagrams showing the state of a concrete leveling device formed by connecting a concrete leveling re-vibration device and a transport device of the first embodiment before and after connection. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a concrete leveling work preparation state in the first embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a state during concrete leveling work in the first embodiment. FIG. 1 shows an example of a welded rebar wire mesh. FIG. 1 shows an example of a screw type wire mesh. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a state during concrete leveling work using the manual concrete leveling vibration device of the first embodiment. FIG. 5 is a structural diagram of a concrete leveling re-vibration device of the second embodiment and a conveying device connected to the re-vibration device. FIG. 11 is a plan view of FIG. FIG. 11 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 13A and 13B are diagrams showing the state before and after connection of a concrete leveling device configured by connecting a concrete leveling re-vibration device and a transport device of the second embodiment. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a concrete leveling work preparation state in the second embodiment. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a state during concrete leveling work in the second embodiment. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of a state during concrete leveling work using the manual concrete leveling vibration device of the second embodiment. FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of an electrical system according to the embodiment. FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of the electrical system of the manual concrete leveling re-vibration device in this embodiment. 4 is a flowchart of a remote control or automatic operation operation of concrete leveling in this embodiment. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the meshing relationship between the tooth profile of the wheel and the wire mesh in this embodiment. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a height adjustment unit of a re-vibration device mounted on a transport device in the embodiment. FIG. 13 is a side view of a concrete leveling device configured by connecting a concrete leveling re-vibration device and a transport device of the third embodiment. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing the main body of the transport device and the auxiliary wheels separated and disassembled. FIG. 13 is an enlarged perspective view showing the state of the auxiliary wheels when the transport device is traveling. 11A and 11B are diagrams showing the state of auxiliary wheels when the transport device is traveling. FIG. 13 is an enlarged view showing the auxiliary wheels when the transport device is traveling. 27(a) is a perspective view of the conveying device, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line XXVII(b)-XXVII(b) in FIG. 27(a).

Overview of the First Embodiment
As shown in Figures 4(a)(b) and 3(a)(b), the concrete leveling re-vibration device 1a of the first embodiment is connected to the connecting joint 4 (33) of the transport device 2a via the connecting part 3 (lock lever 17) of the device itself to form a concrete leveling device, and an operator 44 remotely controls it wirelessly using a remote control 43 shown in Figure 6 below to make the concrete re-vibration and leveling work more efficient. The transport device 2a is equipped with a swivel caster 5, and two small wheels are provided on each side, staggered in a staggered manner. This arrangement is adopted to improve the turning performance of the transport device running on the wire mesh and its meshing with the wire mesh.

<Configuration of First Embodiment>
<First embodiment: Concrete leveling re-vibration device>

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the concrete leveling re-vibration device 1 has a vibration transmission bar 18, vibration transmission rods 19a, 19b, 19c, and 19d, a re-vibration motor 12, a blade 13, sliders 15a and 15b, a scraper 16, and a lock lever 17. Here, the vibration frequency of the concrete leveling re-vibration device 1a is 50-300 Hz, and the vibration acceleration is 7G or more.

<Vibrator>
The vibrator 11 is provided in the middle, and rotates two pendulums in the opposite directions to cancel out the forward and backward vibrations and take out the upward and downward vibrations. The vibrator 11 is connected to a vibration transmission bar 18, and is installed on the blade 13 via four vibration transmission rods 19a, 19b, 19c, and 19d evenly distributed on the vibration transmission bar 18. The two pendulums for vibration in the vibrator are rotated in the opposite directions by a gear provided on the re-vibration motor 12 and a gear provided at the center of the vibration transmission bar 18, and transmit the driving force of the re-vibration motor 12. The vibration from the vibrator 11 is uniformly transmitted to the blade 13 via the four vibration transmission rods 19a, 19b, 19c, and 19d. Here, the vibration transmission bar 18 constitutes a uniform propagation control beam capable of transmitting and controlling the vibration of the vibrator. As a result, the forward and backward vibration of the blade 13 is cancelled out, only the vertical movement of the vibration of the vibrator 11 is taken out, and the blade 13 is vertically vibrated in a uniform propagation state, thereby removing water and air from the concrete construction. The vibration frequency of the vibrator is variable in the range of 50 Hz to 300 Hz, and the vibration amplitude is variable. This has significantly improved the performance of conventional re-vibration devices, which mainly have a vibration frequency of around 130 Hz. When the re-vibration device of the first embodiment was compared with a conventional product, the vibration acceleration was about 5 G at the center of the blade and about 1 G at both ends, but the re-vibration device of the first embodiment had a uniform and stable vibration acceleration of about 20 G ± 10% on average at the center and both ends of the blade. The performance was improved by 20 times at both ends of the blade, and by 4 times at the center of the blade.

The vibration standard for re-vibration devices (excitation devices) set by the Labor Standards Act is 2.5 m/s2 (0.26 G) or less, and no special measures are required, but for the time being, except in special cases, it is limited to two hours. 5 m/s2 (0.52 G) ≥ A(8) ≥ 2.5 m/s2: (0.26 G) Try to limit usage time and select low-vibration tools. Measures are to be taken so that the vibration does not exceed 5 m/s2 (0.52 G). Therefore, it is difficult to use the re-vibration device continuously unless the operator is rotated.

The first embodiment of the re-vibration device is connected to a transport device, which will be described later, and allows workers to operate the concrete leveling device remotely. This means that workers are no longer exposed to the vibrations of the device, and the unmanned operation improves the working environment and increases work efficiency.

<Re-vibration motor>
The re-vibration motor 12 is driven by power supplied from a battery 22 (e.g., a lithium ion battery). The re-vibration motor 12 plays a role in generating re-vibration (tamping) of the blade 13. In other words, the re-vibration motor 12 is a vibration generating source, and transmits only vertical vibrations of the vibrator to the blade 13 via four vibration transmission rods 19a, 19b, 19c, and 19d evenly distributed from a vibration transmission bar 18, thereby draining water and air accumulated inside the concrete construction, and taking measures to prevent cracks and the like during concrete construction.

<Blade>
The blade 13 generates vertical vibrations using a vibrator having the above-mentioned structure, and is used to remove water and air that has accumulated inside the fresh concrete during concrete construction. The length of the blade 13 is about 2 m, and the length can be changed appropriately taking into account the power of the transport device described below.

<Slider>
The sliders 15a and 15b are structured so that they can move freely up and down and do not transmit vertical vibrations from the re-vibration device 2 to the scraper 16. The reason for this structure is that the sliders 15a and 15b do not affect the work of leveling the surface of the fresh concrete by the scraper 16. If vibrations are transmitted to the scraper 16, not only will it be impossible to maintain uniformity, but it will also be damaged by the vibration shock.

<Scraper>
The scraper 16 operates to make the concrete surface even. The scraper 16 is supported by sliders 15a and 15b attached to two locations, one on the left and one on the right. The scraper 16 has a length that extends slightly beyond the blade 13. This is to completely even out the concrete surface that has been dewatered and deaired by the blade 13. By making the scraper 16 slightly longer than the blade 13, it also has the effect of eliminating convex streaks that are caused by the concrete being repelled toward the blade end.

<Lock lever>
The lock lever 17 is for connecting the re-vibrating device 1a to the concrete leveling transport device 2a and towing it. The towing hook mechanism 32 is attached to the connecting joint 33 of the transport device 2a by the lock lever 17 so that it does not come off. The towing hook mechanism 32 is integrally formed with a slider mechanism that dampens the vibration of the blade 13. The concrete leveling transport device 2a remotely transports the concrete leveling re-vibrating device 1a by an operator (not shown).

<First embodiment: Concrete leveling transport device>
As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the concrete leveling transport device 2a has a housing 21, a lithium ion (Li-ion) battery 22, a compressor 23, a motor driver 24, a converter 25, re-vibration motors 26a, 26b, teeth 27a, 27b, a gear box 28, wheels 29a, 29b, detachment auxiliary tires 30a, 30b, lifting mechanisms 31a, 31b for lifting the concrete leveling re-vibration device 1 up and down, a towing hook mechanism 32, and a connecting joint 33. Partially enlarged views of Figure 1 are shown in Figures 2(a), (b), and (c). Figure 2(a) shows an enlarged view of the towing hook portion, Figure 2(b) shows an enlarged view of the slider portion, and Figure 2(c) shows an enlarged view of the re-vibration motor portion.

<Housing (main body)>
The housing (main body) 21 houses the drive control mechanisms of the conveyor device, such as the motors 26a and 26b, the converter, the motor driver 24, the gear box 28, and the compressor 23. As shown in Figures 3(a) and 3(b), a cover is actually attached to the housing to form a sealed structure. This is to prevent fresh concrete from entering the housing (main body) when concrete leveling work is performed. The compressor 23 is connected to a radiator 35 (described later) by a metal pipe (not shown), and water is circulated inside the housing to cool it.

<Lithium-ion battery>
The lithium ion battery 22 supplies power to the motors of the transport device 2a and the re-vibration device 1a. The lithium ion battery 22 is a battery that can pass a large current and can pass the large current required to operate the device. Other batteries that can be used include nickel-metal hydride and lead batteries. The batteries used for the transport device 2a and the re-vibration device 1a are not limited to these, and solar power generation systems and hydrogen fuel batteries can also be used.

<Compressor>
The compressor 23 is provided for circulating a cooling medium to the motor, since the motor generates heat. The compressor 23 is connected to a radiator 35 by a metal pipe (not shown).
It is also possible to replace the motor with a heat dissipation system such as a heat dissipation fin or a cooling fan.

<Motor driver>
The motor driver 24 is composed of a drive circuit board that drives the DC motor, and has functions such as protection against overcurrent and electrical leakage to the motor. These drive circuit boards, etc. are protected by the housing 21, and it is preferable that the housing 21 is structured so that fresh concrete does not enter the housing 21 during concrete leveling work.

<Converter>
The converter 25 boosts the DC voltage to generate the voltage required within the device.

<Motor>
The motors 26a and 26b rotate and drive the wheels 29a and 29b of both wheels, supplying the driving force for transporting the re-vibration device 1a. The motors 26a and 26b are provided on the wheels 29a and 29b, respectively, and an independent drive control structure is adopted, so that the driving force can be increased. When moving to the work site, the wheels 29a and 29b are rotated and propelled by independent control. When leveling concrete, the motors 26a and 26b perform phase control, and the wheels 29a and 29b are rotated in sync to travel in a straight line. This eliminates variation in the concrete leveling work.

<Tooth profile>
The tooth shapes 27a and 27b are formed by the outer circumference of the wheels 29a and 29b that run while biting the wire mesh (reinforcing bar). The shape of the tooth shape can be appropriately changed according to the pitch (spacing) of the reinforcing bar. For example, if the pitch of the reinforcing bar is short, the tooth shape is made small, and if the pitch of the reinforcing bar is large, the tooth shape is made large. Examples of the configuration of a wire mesh in which reinforcing bars are welded in a lattice shape (or reinforcing bars are wire-connected) are shown in Figures 7 and 8. In the example of Figure 7, a wire mesh in which round reinforcing bars (Figure 7(a)) are assembled and welded in a lattice shape (Figures 7(b) and 7(c)). In the example of Figure 8, a wire mesh in which twisted rectangular reinforcing bars (Figure 8(a)) are assembled and welded in a lattice shape (Figures 8(b) and 8(c)). For example, it is called Screw Mesh (registered trademark). When the pitch P (rebar spacing) is 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, etc., the tooth profile can be appropriately changed so that the teeth 27a, 27b of the wheels 29a, 29b mesh firmly with the wire mesh during travel by the conveyor, stabilizing travel. The meshing state between the teeth 27a of the wheels and the wire mesh is shown in FIG. 20.

<Gearbox>
The gear box 28 transmits the driving force of the motors 26a and 26b. The gear box 28 is provided on both sides of the wheels 29a and 29b, and the wheels 29a and 29b mesh with gears provided on the motors 26a and 26b, respectively, to obtain a desired propulsive force.

<Wheels>
The wheels 29a and 29b have a plate thickness (5 mm) and a rounded shape that ensures running in the fresh concrete. Experiments have shown that a plate thickness of 5 mm or more does not pose a problem in terms of strength. The diameter (size) of the wheels 29a and 29b is designed so that the re-vibration device can float in the air above the concrete surface when the fresh concrete has a depth of 40 mm to 200 mm. In other words, the conveying device 1a is set to a size that does not sink into the fresh concrete when the conveying device 1a is installed at the fresh concrete surface leveling site and the re-vibration device is connected. If the re-vibration device can be lifted up and floated by the lifting mechanism described later, it may be in contact with the fresh concrete surface a little at the installation stage of the device. Metal materials such as aluminum and stainless steel can be used as the material of the wheels. This is to ensure the strength and durability of the device. The weight of the conveying device at this time is about 85 kg. The wheels 29a and 29b are provided with large and small circular cutouts (holes or openings). This has the effect of reducing the resistance of the transport device traveling through the fresh concrete and improving the propulsion force when the fresh concrete is leveled. The large and small circular cutouts of the wheels 29a and 29b are not limited to being circular, and may be rectangular, elliptical, diamond-shaped, or other shapes.

A clearance of 40mm or more is ensured between the wheel and the body. The reason for this is that the aggregate of sand and gravel (stones) in the concrete material is about 24mm, and a clearance of 40mm is ensured assuming a maximum of 40mm. Also, the size of the cutouts (holes) in the wheel should be about 35mm to 40mm in diameter so that the gravel and stones in the concrete aggregate can pass through them during concrete leveling work.

<Removal and installation assistance tires>
The attachment/detachment auxiliary tires 30a, 30b are attached when the device is transported. They are for protecting the teeth (tooth shapes 27a, 27b) of the wheels 29a, 29b from chipping during transportation. They are also designed to be disconnected from the drive during transportation, allowing the wheels to be free.

<Lifting mechanism>
The concrete leveling re-vibration device 1a has a mechanism for raising and lowering the vertical position according to the height of the concrete surface, and prevents the inclination of the concrete leveling re-vibration device from being significantly tilted left and right due to external forces. As shown in Fig. 21 (a) and (b), this lifting mechanism is composed of a lift motor 51 and guide rails 52 and 53. The depth of the fresh concrete is generally in the range of about 40 mm to 200 mm from the upper end of the wire mesh 45 when the concrete floor is constructed. Therefore, the lift motor 51 is moved up and down to adjust the height of the re-vibration device 1a so that the concrete leveling work can be performed even if the fresh concrete depth varies in the range of about 40 mm to 200 mm. A detection sensor that detects the concrete surface may be installed to automatically adjust the height of the re-vibration device, or it may be manually performed. When performing remote transport or automatic transport, it is preferable to use an automatic height adjustment mechanism. Fig. 21 (a) shows a case where the fresh concrete is shallow, and Fig. 21 (b) shows a case where the fresh concrete is deep. The guide rails 52 and 53 correspond to the lifting mechanisms 31a and 31b in FIG.

The suppression means provided on the concrete leveling re-vibration device 1a and the lifting mechanism during suppression has two shock absorbers 37 to absorb the vibration of the concrete leveling re-vibration device 1a. These two shock absorbers 37 adjust the horizontal angle of the blade 13 of the re-vibration device 2a. Two shock absorbers 37 are provided on each side of both wheels, and the horizontal angle is adjusted by adjusting the spring thickness of the two shock absorbers 37. As a result, even if the transport device 2a tilts, the blade 13 is always in contact with the concrete surface, achieving uniform concrete leveling without unevenness.

<Towing hook mechanism>
The towing hook mechanism 32 is for connecting the re-vibration device 2a via a connecting joint 33. This towing hook mechanism 32 adjusts the horizontal angle of the blade 13 of the re-vibration device 2a. The re-vibration device 1a and the transport device 2a are connected via a shock absorber 34, and the transport device 2a is structured so that it is not affected by the re-vibration.

<Concrete leveling work>
The concrete leveling work will be explained below.
The re-vibration device 1a and the transport device 2a are loaded onto a truck or the like and transported to the work site. When a worker arrives at the site where the concrete floor is to be leveled, the re-vibration device 1a and the transport device 2a are connected. When the transport device 2a is transported, the attachment/detachment auxiliary tires 30 are attached to both wheels of the transport device 2a, so the attachment/detachment auxiliary tires 30 are removed from both wheels. This state is shown in Figure 3.

As shown in FIG. 6, the conveying device 2a is installed on a wire mesh (reinforcing bars) 45 at a concrete leveling work site 41, and the concrete surface is leveled. After the leveling work, the surface is uniform as shown at 42. A worker 44 remotely operates the device from outside the work site using a remote control 43, improving the working environment of the worker 44 and increasing work efficiency. Here, in order to prevent fresh concrete from getting into the motor and drive circuit of the conveying device 2 during the concrete leveling work, the mechanisms such as the motor and drive circuit other than the wheels 29a, 29b are sealed inside the housing 21.

As shown in FIG. 17, in addition to the components described above, the concrete leveling transport device 1 has a wireless communication unit 171 that communicates with the remote control 43, a controller (computer) 172 that controls the entire system, a detection sensor 173 that detects the concrete surface, and a height adjustment unit 174 for bringing the bottom surface of the re-vibration device's blade 13 into contact with the detected concrete surface. A battery 22 supplies power to the concrete leveling transport device and the concrete leveling re-vibration layer. The other components have been described above, so a description will be omitted.

The concrete leveling work (re-vibration tamping and leveling work) under remote control will be described with reference to FIG. 19.
First, the re-vibration device 1 a and the transport device 2 a are connected in advance and installed at the work site 41 .
In this state, when the operator 44 turns on the switch of the remote control 43, the power of the controller 172 is turned on from the remote control 43 via the wireless communication unit 171 (step 1901).
The controller 172 judges whether or not the operation is stopped (step 1902). If the operation is not stopped, i.e., if the operation mode is in progress, the concrete surface is detected first (step 1903). The height of the blade 13 is adjusted so that the vibration surface comes into contact with the detected surface (step 1904). Next, concrete tamping (re-vibration tightening) is started (step 1905), and concrete leveling is started (step 1906). That is, the transport device 2a tows the re-vibration device and travels (step 1907). This operation is performed for the entire work site area.
When the controller 172 receives an operation stop signal from the remote control 43, the operation ends (step 1908).
Although the above description has been given of remote control using a remote controller, the transport device may be configured to have an automatic control program built in and to automatically perform re-vibration and leveling operations by pressing an operation start button.

This section explains concrete leveling work using a manual concrete leveling re-vibration device.
As shown in Fig. 9, when concrete re-vibration (tamping) and surface leveling are performed manually, the above-mentioned re-vibration device 1a is transported to a concrete leveling work site 41, an attachment means 90 is attached, and re-vibration (tamping) and surface leveling work are performed. After the leveling work, the concrete surface becomes uniform as shown at 42.
Specifically, a removable lithium ion battery 92 is connected to a controller 93, and one end of the controller 93 is connected to an operation switch 91. The other end is connected to a re-vibration motor. This completes the setup.
As shown in Fig. 18, when the operation switch 181 is turned on, the controller 182 receives power from the lithium ion battery 92 and drives the motor driver to start the re-vibration motor, which performs the re-vibration (tamping) as described above and releases water. Even in the manual re-vibration, the quality of the concrete surface leveling work is improved by using a battery as the driving source and increasing the vibration frequency.

In this way, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to realize an integrated transport device by connecting a concrete leveling re-vibration device that suppresses cracks in concrete, improves durability, and also reduces labor and enables unmanned operation. In addition, automatic travel can suppress cracks and reduce labor.

In the first embodiment, the device to be transported was a re-vibration device, but this is not limited to this, and it may be applied by connecting it to a device used in surface finishing work of ready-mix concrete, such as a laser screed. In addition, both the re-vibration device and the laser screed may be connected, and the surface finishing work of ready-mix concrete may be performed by self-propelled.

<Overview of the Second Embodiment>
As shown in Figures 13(a) and 13(b) and 12(a), the concrete leveling re-vibration device 1a of this second embodiment is connected to the connecting joint 4 (33) of the transport device 2a via the device's own lock lever 17 to form a concrete leveling device, and an operator can wirelessly control it remotely using a remote controller (not shown), thereby making the concrete re-vibration operation and leveling work more efficient.
The same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment denote the same members. The difference from the first embodiment is the configuration of the re-vibration device and the point that small wheels are provided instead of the swivel casters 5 of the transport device.

<Configuration of Second Embodiment>
<Second embodiment: Concrete leveling re-vibration device>
10 and 11, the concrete leveling re-vibration device 1a includes vibrators 11a and 11b, a re-vibration motor 12, a blade 13, a frame 14, sliders 15a and 15b, a scraper 16, and a lock lever 17. Here, the vibration frequency of the concrete leveling re-vibration device 1a is 50-300 Hz, and the vibration acceleration is 7G or more.

<Vibrator>
The vibrators 11a and 11b are provided at two locations, left and right, and rotate the two pendulums in opposite directions to cancel out the forward and backward vibrations and take out the vertical vibrations. The vibrators 11a and 11b are connected by a connecting rod 18, and the two pendulums for vibration in the vibrators are rotated by transmitting the driving force of the re-vibration motor 12 with vibrations in the same direction at the same time by meshing with a gear (gear) provided in the re-vibration motor 12 and a gear (gear) provided at the end of the connecting rod 18 and matching the phases in the vibrators. This cancels out the forward and backward vibrations of the blade 13, takes out only the vertical movement of the vibrations of the vibrators 11a and 11b, and vibrates the blade 13 vertically to remove water and air from the concrete construction. The vibration frequency of the vibrator has realized a vibration amplitude that can be changed in the range from 50 Hz to 300 Hz. This has significantly improved the performance of conventional re-vibration devices, which mainly had a vibration frequency of around 130 Hz. A comparison of the re-vibration device of the second embodiment with a conventional product was performed with a vibration frequency of 130 Hz, and the results showed that with the conventional device, the vibration acceleration was about 5 G at the center of the blade and about 1 G at both ends, but with the re-vibration device of the second embodiment, the vibration acceleration was uniformly stable at about 20 G ± 10% on average at the center and both ends of the blade. A 20-fold performance improvement was achieved at both ends of the blade, and a 4-fold performance improvement was achieved even at the center of the blade.

The vibration standard for re-vibration devices (excitation devices) set by the Labor Standards Act is 2.5 m/s2 or less (0.26 G), and no special measures are required, but for the time being, except in special cases, it is limited to two hours. 5 m/s2 (0.52 G) ≥ A(8) ≥ 2.5 m/s2 (0.26 G): Try to limit the time of use and select low-vibration tools. Measures are to be taken to ensure that the vibration does not exceed 5 m/s2. Therefore, it is difficult to use the re-vibration device continuously unless the operator is rotated.

The re-vibration device of this second embodiment is connected to a transport device, which will be described later, and allows workers to operate the concrete leveling device remotely. This means that workers are no longer exposed to the vibrations of the device, and the unmanned operation improves the working environment and increases work efficiency.

<Re-vibration DC motor>
The re-vibration motor 12 is driven by power supplied from a lithium ion battery 22. The re-vibration motor 12 has a role of generating re-vibration of the blade 13. In other words, it transmits only vertical vibration to the blade 13, and removes water and air accumulated inside the concrete construction, thereby preventing cracks during concrete construction. The above-mentioned vibration is applied to the vibrators 11a and 11b.

<Blade>
The blade 13 generates vertical vibrations using a vibrator having the above-mentioned structure, and is used to remove water and air that has accumulated inside the fresh concrete during concrete construction. The length of the blade 13 is about 2 m, and the length can be changed appropriately taking into account the power of the transport device described below.

<Frame>
The length and weight of the frame 14 are configured so that the natural frequency matches the vibration wavelength of the vibrator. Specifically, it is preferable that the length is slightly shorter than the length of the blade 13. The vibrators 11a and 11b are attached on the frame 14, and the vertical vibration generated by the vibrators can be propagated evenly in the longitudinal direction of the blade 13.

<Slider>
The slider 15 is structured to be freely movable up and down, and is structured (vibration isolation mechanism) so as not to transmit vertical vibration from the re-vibration device 2a to the scraper 16. The reason for this structure is so that the slider 15 does not affect the work of leveling the surface of the fresh concrete by the scraper 16. If vibration is transmitted to the scraper 16, not only will it be impossible to maintain uniformity, but it will also cause damage due to vibration shock.

<Scraper>
The scraper 16 operates to make the concrete surface even. The scraper 16 is supported by sliders 15a and 15b attached to two locations, one on the left and one on the right. The scraper 16 has a length that extends slightly beyond the blade 13. This is to completely even out the concrete surface that has been dewatered and deaired by the blade 13. By making the scraper 16 slightly longer than the blade 13, it also has the effect of eliminating convex streaks that are caused by the concrete being repelled toward the blade end.

<Lock lever>
The lock lever 17 is for connecting the re-vibrating device 1a to the concrete leveling transport device 2a and towing it. The towing hook mechanism 32 is attached to the connecting joint 33 of the transport device 2a by the lock lever 17 so that it does not come off. The towing hook mechanism 32 is integrally formed with a slider mechanism that dampens the vibration of the blade 13. The concrete leveling transport device 2b remotely transports the concrete leveling re-vibrating device 1a by an operator (not shown).

<Second embodiment: Concrete leveling transport device>
As shown in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11, the concrete leveling transport device 2 has a housing 21, a lithium ion (Li-ion) battery 22, a compressor 23, a motor driver 24, a converter 25, motors 26a, 26b, teeth 27a, 27b, a gear box 28, wheels 29a, 29b, auxiliary tires 30a, 30b, a lifting mechanism 31 for lifting the concrete leveling re-vibration device 1b up and down, a towing hook mechanism 32, and a connecting joint 33. Partially enlarged views of Fig. 10 are shown in Fig. 12(a), (b), and (c). Fig. 12(a) shows an enlarged view of the towing hook portion, Fig. 12(b) shows an enlarged view of the slider portion, and Fig. 12(c) shows an enlarged view of the re-vibration motor portion.

<Housing (main body)>
The housing (main body) 21 houses the drive control mechanisms of the conveyor device, such as the motor, converter, motor driver, gear box, and compressor. As shown in Figures 14(a) and 14(b), a cover is actually attached to the housing to form a sealed structure. This is to prevent fresh concrete from entering the housing (main body) when concrete leveling work is performed.

<Lithium-ion battery>
The lithium ion battery 22 supplies power to the motors of the transport device 2b and the re-vibration device 1b. The lithium ion battery 22 is a battery that can pass a large current and can pass the large current required to operate the device. Other batteries that can be used include nickel-metal hydride and lead batteries. The batteries used for the transport device 2b and the re-vibration device 1b are not limited to these, and solar power generation systems and hydrogen fuel batteries can also be used.

<Compressor>
The compressor 23 is for circulating a cooling medium to the motor since the motor generates heat.
It is also possible to replace the motor with a heat dissipation system such as a heat dissipation fin or a cooling fan.

<Motor driver>
The motor driver 24 is composed of a drive circuit board that drives the motor, and has functions such as protection against overcurrent and electrical leakage to the motor. These drive circuit boards, etc. are protected by the housing 21, and it is preferable that the housing 21 is structured so that fresh concrete does not enter the housing 21 during concrete leveling work.

<Converter>
The converter 25 converts the DC voltage into a voltage required within the device.

<Motor>
The motors 26a and 26b rotate and drive the tooth-shaped wheels 29a and 29b on both wheels, supplying the driving force for transporting the re-vibration device 1b. The motors 26a and 26b are provided on the wheels 29a and 29b, respectively, and have an independent drive control structure, which allows for increased driving force. When moving to the work site, the wheels 29a and 29b are rotated and propelled by independent control. When leveling concrete, the motors 26a and 26b perform phase control, and the wheels 29a and 29b are rotated in sync to travel in a straight line. This eliminates variation in the concrete leveling work.

<Tooth profile (tooth shape)>
The teeth 27a and 27b are configured so that the outer periphery that bites into the wire mesh (reinforcing bar) and runs is in a tooth shape. The shape of this tooth shape can be appropriately changed according to the pitch (spacing) of the reinforcing bar. For example, if the pitch of the reinforcing bar is short, the crest of the tooth profile is made small, and if the pitch of the reinforcing bar is large, the crest of the tooth profile is made large.

<Gearbox>
The gear box 28 transmits the driving force of the motors 26a and 26b. The gear box 28 is provided on both sides of the wheels 29a and 29b, and the wheels 29a and 29b mesh with gears provided on the motors 26a and 26b, respectively, to obtain a desired propulsive force.

<Wheels>
The wheels 29a and 29b have a plate thickness (5 mm) and a rounded shape that ensures running performance in fresh concrete. Experiments have shown that a plate thickness of 5 mm or more does not pose a problem in terms of strength. Metal materials such as aluminum and stainless steel can be used as the material for the wheels. This is to ensure the strength and durability of the device. The weight of the conveying device at this time is about 85 kg. The wheels 29a and 29b are provided with large and small circular cutouts (holes or openings). This has the effect of reducing the resistance of the conveying device running in the fresh concrete and improving the propulsion force when the fresh concrete is leveled. The large and small circular cutouts of the wheels 29a and 29b are not limited to a circle, and may be a square, ellipse, diamond, or other shape.

A clearance of 40mm or more is ensured between the wheel and the body. The reason for this is that the aggregate of sand and gravel (stones) in the concrete material is about 24mm, and a clearance of 40mm is ensured assuming a maximum of 40mm. Also, the size of the cutouts (holes) in the wheel should be about 35mm to 40mm in diameter so that the gravel and stones in the concrete aggregate can pass through them during concrete leveling work.

<Removal and installation assistance tires>
The attachment/detachment auxiliary tires 30a, 30b are attached when the device is transported. They are for protecting the teeth (tooth shapes 27a, 27b) of the wheels 29a, 29b from chipping during transportation. They are also designed to be disconnected from the drive during transportation, allowing the wheels to be free.

<Lifting mechanism>
The concrete leveling re-vibration device 1b has a mechanism for raising and lowering its vertical position to match the height of the concrete surface, preventing the concrete leveling re-vibration device from tilting significantly to the left or right due to external forces.
The suppression means provided on the concrete leveling re-vibration device 1b and the lifting mechanism during suppression includes two shock absorbers 37 for absorbing vibrations of the concrete leveling re-vibration device 1b. These two shock absorbers 37 adjust the horizontal angle of the blade 13 of the re-vibration device 2. Two shock absorbers 37 are provided on each side of both wheels, and the horizontal angle is adjusted by adjusting the spring thickness of the two shock absorbers 37. As a result, even if the transport device 2 is tilted, the blade 13 is always in contact with the concrete surface, so that uniform concrete leveling without unevenness can be achieved.

<Towing hook mechanism>
The towing hook mechanism 32 is for connecting the re-vibration device 2b via a connecting joint 33. This towing hook mechanism 32 adjusts the horizontal angle of the blade 13 of the re-vibration device 2b. The re-vibration device 1b and the transport device 2b are connected via a shock absorber 34, and the transport device 2b is structured so that it is not affected by the re-vibration.

<Concrete leveling work>
The concrete leveling work will be explained below.
The re-vibration device 1b and the transport device 2b are loaded onto a truck or the like and transported to the work site. When a worker arrives at the site where the concrete floor is to be leveled, the re-vibration device 1b and the transport device 2b are connected. When the transport device 2b is transported, the attachment/detachment auxiliary tires 30 are attached to both wheels of the transport device 2b, so the attachment/detachment auxiliary tires 30 are removed from both wheels. This state is shown in Figure 14.

As shown in FIG. 15, the conveying device 2 is installed on a wire mesh (reinforcing bars) 45 at a concrete leveling work site 41, and the concrete surface is leveled. After the leveling work, the surface is uniform as shown at 42. A worker 44 remotely operates the device from outside the work site using a remote control 43, improving the working environment of the worker 44 and increasing work efficiency. Here, in order to prevent fresh concrete from getting into the motor and drive circuit of the conveying device 2 during the concrete leveling work, the mechanisms such as the motor and drive circuit other than the wheels 30a, 30b are sealed inside the housing 21.

In this way, according to the second embodiment, it is possible to realize an integrated transport device by connecting a concrete leveling re-vibration device that suppresses cracks in concrete, improves durability, and also reduces labor and enables unmanned operation. In addition, automatic travel can suppress cracks and reduce labor.

In the second embodiment described above, the device to be transported was a re-vibration device, but this is not limited to this, and it may be applied by connecting it to a device used in surface finishing work of ready-mix concrete, such as a laser screed. In addition, both the re-vibration device and the laser screed may be connected, and the surface finishing work of ready-mix concrete may be performed by self-propelled.

Third Embodiment
Figures 22 to 27 show a concrete leveling device in accordance with the third embodiment, which is constructed by connecting a concrete leveling re-vibration device 2c and a conveying device 1c. The basic configuration of the concrete leveling device in accordance with the third embodiment is the same as the basic configuration of the first and second embodiments, and the same symbols in the drawings and specification represent the same components.

Referring to FIG. 22, in the re-vibration device 1c according to this embodiment, the drive wheels 29a, 29b are positioned further forward in relation to the main body 21 than in the first and second embodiments. Specifically, by positioning the rotation axis 29c of the drive wheels 29a, 29b forward of the imaginary center line P-P that halves the front-to-rear dimension of the main body 21, the center of gravity of the main body 21 is positioned near the imaginary center line P-P, achieving a good weight balance and providing excellent stability and drivability, compared to when the center of gravity is positioned on the imaginary center line P-P or rearward of the imaginary center line P-P.

Referring to Figures 23 and 24, in this embodiment, a small auxiliary wheel 60 is located behind the drive wheels 29a, 29b, and its rotation axis 62a is located behind the imaginary center line P-P. The auxiliary wheel 60 has an auxiliary wheel frame 61 attached to a bearing 21c of the main body 21, and a small wheel 62 fixed to the auxiliary wheel frame 61. The auxiliary wheel frame 61 has a base 61a rotatably fixed to the main body 21, and support parts 61b extending downward from both sides of the base 61a.

The small wheel 62 has a round hole shape with multiple circular holes, similar to the drive wheels 29a, 29b, and is made up of multiple plate-shaped members with smaller diameters than the drive wheels 29a, 29b, arranged in a transverse direction perpendicular to the front-rear direction, and the rotation axis 62a is attached to the support part 61b of the auxiliary wheel frame 61.

The small wheel 62 has a toothed shape with alternating concave and convex portions around the axis, and has multiple concave portions 63 and convex portions 64 located between the concave portions 63. A pipe 65 extending in the transverse direction is attached to each convex portion 64. The pipe 65 is attached to the small wheel 62 so as not to impede the rotation of the small wheel 62 itself.

The pipe 65 has a core-sheath structure with a metal core and a sheath made of a flexible elastic material such as synthetic rubber or silicone rubber. If the entire pipe 65 were made of metal, there would be a risk of damaging the wire mesh 45 on the concrete floor during work, but because the sheath is made of a flexible elastic material, it will not damage the wire mesh 45 even if it comes into contact with it.

The pipe 65 is held in a clamped state by the small wheel 62, and no fasteners such as nuts or screws are arranged on the outer surface of the protrusion 64 to which both ends of the pipe 65 are attached, and there are no protrusions protruding outward in the transverse direction from the plate-shaped member. In other words, both side surfaces 62a, 62b of the small wheel 62 have a flat shape.

Referring to Figures 25 and 26, according to the re-vibration device 1c of the second embodiment, the auxiliary wheels 60 move and rotate following the drive of the drive wheels 29a, 29b located on the front side of the main body, so that smooth operation of the re-vibration device 1 can be realized. For example, when the re-vibration device 1 changes course in the opposite direction to the traveling direction, the auxiliary wheels 60 rotate following the drive wheels 29a, 29b, so that smooth movement can be realized.

Even if the drive wheels 29a, 29b fall into the mesh of the wire mesh 45, the length dimension of the concave curved portion 63 of the small wheel 62 is greater than the diameter dimension of the wire, and the pipe 65 is designed to be longer than the diagonal dimension, which is the largest dimension of the mesh of the wire mesh 45, so the auxiliary wheel 60 is always positioned above the wire mesh 45 and will not fall into it itself.

In addition, because the convex portion 64 of the small frame 62 is convexly curved, it will not damage the wire mesh 45 even if it comes into contact with it. Furthermore, if fasteners for fixing the pipe 65 protrude from the outer surfaces of both sides 62a, 62b of the small frame 62, there is a risk that they may get caught on the wire mesh 45 while traveling, but as mentioned above, there are no protrusions on the outer surfaces of both sides 62a, 62b of the small frame 62 and they have a flat shape, so there is no risk of such an incident occurring.

Referring to Figures 27(a) and (b), the blade 13 of the re-vibration device 1c has a hollow section 70 that extends in its length direction (transverse direction). By having the hollow section 70 in the blade 13, the weight of the entire re-vibration device 1c can be reduced. In addition, the bottom surface of the blade 13 has a rearward inclined section 13 that extends obliquely upward. There is a risk that the vibration pressure will decrease if the blade 13 is provided with a hollow section 70 to reduce its weight, but by providing a rearward inclined section 71 to reduce the contact area with the concrete floor surface while maintaining the balance due to the shape, the required vibration can be applied.

Reference Signs List 1a, 1b, 1c Concrete leveling re-vibration device 2a, 2b, 2c Concrete leveling transport device 3 Connection portion 4 Connection joint 11a, 11b Vibrator 12 Re-vibration motor 13 Blade 14 Frame 15 Slider 16 Scraper 17 Lock lever 21 Housing 22 Lithium ion (Li-ion) battery 23 Compressor 24 Motor driver 25 Converter 26a, 26b Motor 27a, 27b Tooth profile 28 Gear box 29a, 29b Wheel 30a, 30b Detachable auxiliary tire 31, 31a, 31b Lifting mechanism 32 Towing hook mechanism 33 Connection joint

Claims (4)

A transport device for concrete leveling that is movable on a wire mesh and has a connecting means for connecting to a transport target device that is towed and transported during concrete leveling,
A housing and
Two wheels having a toothed outer periphery capable of running in fresh concrete attached to axles on both sides of the housing;
A swivel caster is attached to a bottom surface of the housing,
Within the housing:
Two motors for independently driving the two wheels, respectively;
A battery that drives the two motors;
a supply means for supplying a control signal and battery power to the transport target device when the transport target device is connected to the transport target device ;
the wheels are located forward of a center line that bisects a dimension of the housing in a front-rear direction, and auxiliary wheels are disposed behind the wheels so as to follow the wheels;
The auxiliary wheel includes an auxiliary wheel frame rotatably attached to the housing, and a small wheel fixed to the auxiliary wheel frame,
The small wheel has a tooth shape with alternating concave and convex portions in a direction around the axis,
The present invention includes a plurality of concavely curved portions, a plurality of convex portions located between the concavely curved portions, and a pipe attached to the convex portions,
A concrete leveling conveying device, characterized in that the length of the pipe is longer than the diagonal dimension of the wire mesh . The concrete leveling transport device according to claim 1, in which the transport target device is capable of being fitted with either a re-vibration device or a screed, or both. The concrete leveling transport device according to claim 1 or 2, which has a height adjustment mechanism that adjusts the height of the transport target device when connected to the transport target device. 3. The concrete leveling transport device according to claim 1, further comprising a control means for remotely or automatically transporting the connected transport target device.