JP7697445B2 - Threshing equipment - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a threshing device that is installed on a combine harvester, thresher, etc.

The threshing device of the combine harvester is equipped with a threshing chamber at the top where the stalks are threshed, and a sorting chamber below the threshing chamber where the threshed grains are sorted. The winnowing motor, which is an electric motor that rotates and drives a winnowing machine that blows sorting air into the sorting chamber, is installed on the outside of the machine body near the winnowing machine's air intake (see Patent Document 1).

JP 2022-024643 A

However, the winnowing motor had to be positioned so that it would not be hit by falling straw and other debris, and even if it was placed too close to the air intake, it could not be cooled sufficiently, causing the winnowing machine to stop working due to overheating, resulting in reduced work efficiency.

The object of the present invention is to provide a threshing device that prevents operation stoppage due to overheating of the motor by devising a layout configuration of the motor that rotates and drives the winnower as a wind-powered sorting device, with a simple configuration.

The first aspect of the present invention is
This threshing machine is provided with an oscillating sorting device (20) and an air sorting device (30) for blowing sorting air below a threshing chamber (10) in which a threshing drum (12) is provided, and is characterized in that a sorting motor (37) for operating the air sorting device (30) is provided near the air intake (30a) of the air sorting device (30), and only the motor drive shaft (37a) of the sorting motor (37) is located inside the air intake (30a), with the other parts being located outside the body of the machine from the air intake (30a), or a part of the sorting motor (37) on the air intake (30a) side and the motor drive shaft (37a) are located inside the air intake (30a) , and an air tunnel (38) is provided to surround the outer periphery of the sorting motor (37) around the axial direction of the motor drive shaft (37a) .
The second aspect of the present invention is
This is the first threshing device of the present invention, characterized in that the wind tunnel (38) surrounds the wind sorting device (30) side to a part of the sorting motor (37) or to the outer end of the sorting motor (37) of the machine body.
The third aspect of the present invention is
In a threshing machine having a oscillating sorting device (20) and a wind sorting device (30) for blowing sorting air below a threshing chamber (10) in which a threshing drum (12) is provided, a sorting motor (37) for operating the wind sorting device (30) is provided near an intake port (30a) of the wind sorting device (30), and only the motor drive shaft (37a) of the sorting motor (37) is disposed inside the intake port (30a), and the other parts are disposed outside the intake port (30a). This threshing device is characterized in that the sorting motor (37) is positioned outside the body of the machine, or a part of the sorting motor (37) on the intake port (30a) side and the motor drive shaft (37a) are positioned inside the intake port (30a), an air tunnel (38) is provided surrounding the outer periphery of the sorting motor (37), the air tunnel (38) is positioned a predetermined distance away from the intake port (30a), and a gap (39) is provided between the air tunnel (38) and the intake port (30a).
The fourth aspect of the present invention is
This is a threshing device of the second or third invention, characterized in that a plurality of air vents (38a) are formed in the wind tunnel (38), or the air vent (38b) on the side farther from the air intake (30a) of the air sorting device (30) is made smaller than the air vent (38a) on the side closer to the intake port (30a).
The fifth aspect of the present invention is
This threshing device is any one of the first to third inventions, characterized in that a control device is provided for controlling the rotation speed of the sorting motor (37) to make the rotation speed of the wind-powered sorting device (30) variable, and when the wind-powered sorting device (30) starts to rotate, the control device controls the rotation speed of the wind-powered sorting device (30) to increase in stages, and when the wind-powered sorting device (30) stops rotating, the control device controls the rotation speed of the wind-powered sorting device (30) to decrease in stages and stop it.
The first invention related to the present invention is a threshing apparatus having an oscillating sorting device 20 and a wind sorting device 30 that blows sorting air below the handling chamber 10 in which the threshing drum 12 is provided, in which a sorting motor 37 that operates the wind sorting device 30 is provided near the air intake 30a of the wind sorting device 30, and only the motor drive shaft 37a of the sorting motor 37 is located within the air intake 30a, with the other parts being located outside the air intake 30a of the machine, or a part of the sorting motor 37 on the air intake 30a side and the motor drive shaft 37a are located within the air intake 30a.

According to the first invention related to the present invention , by operating the wind sorting device 30 with the sorting motor 37, the rotation speed of the sorting motor 37 can be adjusted according to the harvest variety, the conditions of the work site, and the amount of grains and leaf debris, thereby changing the wind power and airflow of the wind sorting device 30, thereby enabling efficient separation of grains and impurities.

In addition, the sorting motor 37 is provided near the air intake 30a of the wind sorting device 30, and most of the sorting motor 37 is located outside the air intake 30a. This allows the sorting motor 37 to be cooled by the outside air taken in through the air intake 30a, eliminating the need for a cooling fan for the sorting motor 37, reducing the number of parts and allowing for a simple, inexpensive configuration.

The second invention related to the present invention is a threshing device of the first invention related to the present invention, which has an air tunnel 38 surrounding the outer periphery of the sorting motor 37, and the air tunnel 38 surrounds from the wind sorting device 30 side to a part of the sorting motor 37 , or to the outer end of the sorting motor 37.

According to a second invention related to the present invention , the air tunnel 38 surrounds the wind sorting device 30 side to a part of the sorting motor 37, or to the outer end of the sorting motor 37, thereby drawing in air around the sorting motor 37, improving the cooling effect of the sorting motor 37, and appropriately preventing the sorting motor 37 from stopping due to overheating.

The third invention related to the present invention is a threshing device of the first invention related to the present invention, which has an air tunnel 38 surrounding the outer periphery of the sorting motor 37, the air tunnel 38 being positioned a predetermined distance away from the air intake 30a, and a gap 39 being provided between the air tunnel 38 and the air intake 30a.

According to a third invention related to the present invention , an air tunnel 38 surrounding the outer periphery of the sorting motor 37 is positioned a predetermined distance away from the air intake 30a, and a gap 39 is provided between the air tunnel 38 and the air intake 30a. Therefore, outside air enters the main body of the sorting motor 37 through the air tunnel 38, and outside air enters the motor drive shaft 37a through the gap 39, thereby preventing overheating of the entire sorting motor 37.

The fourth invention related to the present invention is a threshing device of the second or third invention related to the present invention, in which multiple air vents 38a are formed in the wind tunnel 38, or the air vent 38b on the side farther from the air intake 30a of the air sorting device 30 is made smaller than the air vent 38a on the side closer to the intake port 30a.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention , by providing a plurality of ventilation holes 38a in the air channel 38, it becomes easier to take in outside air around the sorting motor 37, thereby improving the cooling effect of the sorting motor 37.

In addition, by making the vent 38b on the side farther from the intake port 30a of the wind sorting device 30 smaller than the vent 38a on the side closer to it, it becomes easier to take in outside air due to the difference in air pressure, improving the cooling effect of the sorting motor 37.

A fifth invention related to the present invention is a threshing device of any of the first to third inventions related to the present invention, in which a control device is provided to control the rotation speed of the sorting motor 37, making the rotation speed of the wind sorting device 30 variable, and when the wind sorting device 30 starts to rotate, the control device gradually increases the rotation speed of the wind sorting device 30, and when the wind sorting device 30 stops rotating, the control device gradually decelerates the rotation speed of the wind sorting device 30 until it stops .

According to the fifth invention related to the present invention , a control device is provided that controls the rotation speed of the sorting motor 37, making the rotation speed of the wind sorting device 30 variable, and when the wind sorting device 30 starts to rotate, the control device gradually increases the rotation speed of the wind sorting device 30, and when the wind sorting device 30 stops rotating, the control device gradually decelerates the rotation speed of the wind sorting device 30 until it stops.This prevents the sorting motor 37 or the wind sorting device 30 from being subjected to a large load caused by sudden high-speed rotation or sudden stopping when the sorting motor 37 starts to rotate or stops, thereby preventing malfunctions and damage.

1 is a side view of a combine equipped with a threshing device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. FIG. FIG. FIG. This is a cross-sectional plan view of the main parts of the winnowing machine of the same threshing device. This is a side view of the main parts of the winnowing machine. FIG. 2 is a side view of the wind tunnel of the threshing device. FIG. 2 is a side view showing another example of the wind tunnel. This is a cross-sectional plan view of the main parts of another example of the same winnowing machine. This is a cross-sectional plan view of the main parts of another example of the same winnowing machine. This is a cross-sectional plan view of the main parts of another example of the same winnowing machine. This is a cross-sectional plan view of the main parts of another example of the same winnowing machine. FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of another example of the threshing device. FIG. 2 is a rear view showing the arrangement of the oil suction pipes of the combine harvester. FIG.

The threshing device installed on a combine harvester, which is one embodiment of the present invention, will be described below with reference to the attached drawings. Note that to facilitate understanding, directions are conveniently indicated as the front side, the rear side, the right hand side, and the left hand side as seen from the operator, but the configuration is not limited to these.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the combine harvester has a traveling device 2 consisting of a pair of left and right crawlers that travel on the soil surface on the underside of the machine frame 1, a harvesting device 3 that harvests the stalks in the field is provided on the front side of the machine frame 1, a threshing device 4 that threshes and sorts the harvested stalks is provided on the rear left side of the harvesting device 3, and a control unit 5 on which an operator sits is provided on the rear right side of the harvesting device 3.

An engine room 6 housing an engine E is provided below the control unit 5, a grain tank 7 for storing threshed and sorted grains is provided behind the control unit 5, and a discharge auger 8 consisting of a grain lifting section 8a extending vertically and a horizontal discharge section 8b extending forward and backward to discharge grains to the outside is provided behind the grain tank 7.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the threshing chamber 10 at the top of the threshing device 4 is provided with a threshing drum 12 that threshes the stalks transported by the feed chain 11. A receiving net 13 is provided on the underside of the threshing drum 12, and the top of the threshing drum 12 is covered with a threshing drum cover 14.

A rocking sorting device 20 is provided at the top of the sorting chamber 15 at the bottom of the threshing device 4 to sort the grains that have been threshed by the threshing drum 12.

The oscillating sorting device 20 is composed of, in order from the front, a transfer shelf 21 formed from a plate-like body, a fixed sieve 22 formed from multiple plate-like bodies arranged at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction with a rear-upward inclination, a variable sieve 23 formed from multiple plate-like bodies arranged at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction with the rear-upward inclination angle adjustable, and a straw rack 24 formed from multiple plate-like bodies arranged at a predetermined interval in the left-right direction.

The inclination angle of the fixed sieve 22 can be changed by driving a sieve motor 27 provided on the right wall of the threshing device 4 via an angle change means 26. The angle change means 26 is provided swingably on the right surface of the left wall of the frame 25 of the swinging sorting device 20. The output shaft of the sieve motor 27 and the base of the angle change means 26 are connected via a rod 29 extending in the left-right direction.

On the lower side of the oscillating sorting device 20, from the front, there is provided a winnower 30 as a wind sorting device that blows sorting air toward the fixed sieve 22 and the variable sieve 23, a first spiral 31 that transports grains leaking from the fixed sieve 22 and the variable sieve 23 to the grain tank 7, and a second spiral 32 that transports grains leaking from the straw rack 24 with rachis branches and other attached to them to the second processing chamber 16 located on the right side of the handling chamber 10. In addition, above the straw rack 24, there is provided a dust exhaust fan 35 that exhausts dust from rachis branches and other particles to the outside.

The grains are transported from the first spiral 31 to the grain tank 7 via the first grain lifting tube 40', and the second grains are transported from the second spiral 32 to the second processing chamber 16 via the second grain lifting tube 41.

As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the winnower 30 is driven and rotated by a winnower motor 37, which serves as a sorting motor and is composed of an electric motor provided on the right wall of the threshing device 4.

The winnowing motor 37 has its driving rotation speed controlled by the control device, and adjusts the rotation speed of the winnowing machine 30.

That is, by operating the wind power setting unit provided on the control unit 5, the control device controls the rotation speed of the winnowing motor 37 in accordance with the operation of the wind power setting unit.

Furthermore, when the winnowing machine 30 starts to rotate, the control device controls the rotation speed of the winnowing machine 30 to gradually increase, for example, so that the rotation speed is 20% of the target rotation speed 1 second after the start of rotation (winnowing machine motor 37 is turned ON), 60% of the target rotation speed 2 seconds after, and 100% of the target rotation speed 3 seconds after.

When the winnowing machine 30 stops rotating, the control device controls the rotational speed of the winnowing machine 30 to gradually slow down and stop, for example, controlling it to 60% of the original rotational speed one second after the rotation stops (winnowing machine motor 37 is turned OFF), to 20% of the original rotational speed two seconds later, and to stop three seconds later.

Therefore, if the winnowing motor 37 suddenly starts rotating at high speed or suddenly stops when it starts rotating or stops, the winnowing motor 37 and the winnowing machine 30 may become overloaded and malfunction may occur, but by controlling as described above, the overload can be suppressed and malfunctions or damage can be prevented.

Here, we will explain in detail the arrangement of the winnowing motor 37.

The winnowing motor 37 is attached to the right wall of the threshing device 4 and is positioned near the air intake 30a of the winnowing machine 30 and further outboard of the machine body than the air intake 30a, with only the motor drive shaft 37a of the winnowing motor 37 being positioned inside the air intake 30a.

The motor drive shaft 37a of the winnowing motor 37 is arranged coaxially with the rotating shaft 30b of the winnowing machine 30, and the tip of the motor drive shaft 37a is connected to the right end of the rotating shaft 30a.

Therefore, the rotation of the motor drive shaft 37a of the winnowing motor 37 drives and rotates the rotating shaft 30b of the winnowing machine 30, and the winnowing machine 30 is driven and rotated by the winnowing motor 37.

Therefore, by operating the winnower 30 with the winnower motor 37, the wind force and air volume of the winnower 30 can be changed using the wind force setting unit according to the type of harvested crop, the conditions of the work area, and the amount of grains and leaf debris, allowing the grains and impurities to be separated efficiently.

In addition, the winnowing motor 37 is located near the air intake 30a of the winnowing machine 30, and most of the winnowing motor 37 is located outside the air intake 30a. This allows the winnowing motor 37 to be cooled by the outside air taken in through the air intake 30a, eliminating the need for a cooling fan for the winnowing motor 37, reducing the number of parts and allowing for an inexpensive and simple configuration.

In addition, a cylindrical air tunnel 38 is provided that extends from the outer periphery of the air intake 30a toward the winnowing motor 37, and the air tunnel 38 surrounds the side of the air intake 30a of the winnowing motor 37 (the air tunnel 38 covers a part of the winnowing motor 37 in the direction of the motor drive shaft 37a).

Therefore, a cylindrical air tunnel 38 is provided that extends from the outer periphery of the air intake 30a toward the winnowing motor 37, so that air around the winnowing motor 37 is sucked in, improving the cooling effect of the winnowing motor 37 and appropriately preventing the winnowing motor 37 from stopping due to overheating.

The air tunnel 38 may surround the entire winnowing motor 37, rather than just the side of the air intake 30a of the winnowing motor 37.

Also, as shown in FIG. 8, multiple ventilation holes 38a may be provided in the air channel 38.

By providing the air vent 38a in the air tunnel 38, it becomes easier to draw in outside air around the winnowing motor 37, improving the cooling effect of the winnowing motor 37.

Also, as shown in FIG. 9, when multiple air vents 38a, 38b are provided in the air tunnel 38, the air vent 38b on the side farther from the air intake 30a of the winnower 30 may be made smaller than the air vent 38a on the side closer to the winnower 30.

By making the ventilation hole 38b on the side farther from the intake port 30a smaller, it becomes easier to take in outside air due to the difference in air pressure, improving the cooling effect of the winnowing motor 37.

Figure 10 shows an example where the arrangement of the wind tunnel 38 has been changed.

That is, the wind tunnel 38 surrounds the main body of the winnowing motor 37 and is positioned a predetermined distance away from the air intake 30a, and a gap 39 is provided between the wind tunnel 38 and the air intake 30a.

Therefore, outside air enters the main body of the winnowing motor 37 through the air channel 38, and outside air enters the motor drive shaft 37a through the gap 39, preventing the entire winnowing motor 37 from overheating.

Figure 11 shows an example in which the position of the winnowing motor 37 has been changed.

That is, a part of the winnowing motor 37 on the intake port 30a side and the motor drive shaft 37a are arranged inside the intake port 30a.

The air tunnel 38 extends from the outer periphery of the air intake 30a toward the winnowing motor 37, surrounding the entire winnowing motor 37.

As mentioned above, the wind tunnel 38 may be configured to surround a portion of the winnowing motor 37 in the direction of the motor drive shaft 37a.

Also, as described above, the air tunnel 38 may surround the main body of the winnowing motor 37 and be positioned a predetermined distance away from the air intake 30a, with a gap 39 provided between the air tunnel 38 and the air intake 30a.

As described above, multiple ventilation holes 38a may be provided in the air tunnel 38. The ventilation hole 38b on the far side from the intake port 30a of the winnower 30 may be made smaller than the ventilation hole 38a on the closer side.

Therefore, since a portion of the winnowing motor 37 on the intake port 30a side and the motor drive shaft 37a are disposed within the intake port 30a, the cooling effect of the winnowing motor 37 is improved.

Figure 12 shows an example in which a cooling fan 40 is placed on the outside of the winnowing motor 37.

That is, a cooling fan 40 driven by the winnowing motor 37 is provided on the outer right side of the machine body, on the side of the winnowing motor 37 farther from the winnowing machine 30 (air intake 30a), and the cooling fan 40 blows air toward the winnowing machine 30 (air intake 30a).

The outer diameter of the cooling fan 40 is larger than the outer circumference of the winnowing motor 37.

Therefore, by providing a cooling fan 40 that is driven by the winnowing motor 37 and blows air toward the winnowing machine 30 (air intake 30a) on the outer right side of the machine body, on the side of the winnowing machine motor 37 farther from the winnowing machine 30 (air intake 30a), the winnowing machine motor 37 can be cooled and the air intake of the winnowing machine 30 can be assisted, making wind sorting more efficient.

As shown in FIG. 13, a cooling fan 40 driven by the winnowing motor 37 can be provided on the side of the winnowing motor 37 closer to the winnowing machine 30 (air intake 30a), and the cooling fan 40 can suck in air around the winnowing motor 37 and send it toward the winnowing machine 30 (air intake 30a). This not only cools the winnowing motor 37, but also assists in the air intake of the winnowing machine 30, allowing for more efficient wind sorting.

Figure 14 shows the configuration of the air guide 50 that guides the air blown by the winnower 30 to the underside of the oscillating sorting device 20.

That is, the wind guide 50 is composed of a lower wind guide 50a, a middle wind guide 50b, and an upper wind guide 50c, which are arranged at the blowing outlet of the winnowing machine 30, and each of which is configured so that the position of the blowing outlet side of the winnowing machine 30 can be freely adjusted and fixed by rotating shafts 51a, 51b, and 51c.

Therefore, by adjusting the positions of the lower wind guide 50a, the medium wind guide 50b, and the upper wind guide 50c on the blowing outlet side of the winnower 30, the distance between the lower wind guide 50a, the medium wind guide 50b, and the upper wind guide 50c on the blowing outlet side of the winnower 30 can be adjusted.

Therefore, if the distance between the lower wind guide 50a, the medium wind guide 50b, and the upper wind guide 50c on the blowing outlet side of the winnower 30 is adjusted to be larger, the distance between the blowing guide openings of the lower wind guide 50a, the medium wind guide 50b, and the upper wind guide 50c becomes larger than the blowing guide outlet, so the wind speed becomes faster.

In addition to changing the rotation speed of the winnower 30, the wind speed can be adjusted by adjusting the distance between the lower wind guide 50a, the middle wind guide 50b, and the upper wind guide 50c on the blower outlet side of the winnower 30, which increases the range of wind speed adjustment and the range of working conditions that can be accommodated, allowing for appropriate threshing work.

Figure 15 shows the arrangement of the oil suction pipe 60 of the fuel tank of engine E.

That is, the oil suction pipe 60 is installed toward the rear of the machine body through between the grain tank 7 and the grain lifting section 8a, which extends vertically and discharges the grains from the grain tank 7 to the outside.

The oil suction pipe 60 extends rearward at an angle of 15 degrees to the vertical back of the grain tank 7.

As shown in FIG. 16, the oil suction pipe 60 is made of resin and has an oil suction port fitting that is insert molded to attach an oil suction cap to the oil suction port 60a so that it can be opened and closed freely.

The oil intake fitting is insert molded with a rotation prevention protrusion to prevent the oil intake cap from rotating when opening and closing, and has a locking groove 61 for locking the oil intake cap.

The oil absorbing cap also comes with a lock.

Therefore, conventional oil suction pipes made of nickel-plated iron have many welded parts, which makes them expensive to manufacture, and they also have problems with zinc and other deposits. However, by making the oil suction pipe 60 out of plastic, it can be made inexpensively and the deposits of zinc and other substances can be eliminated. Furthermore, by making the oil suction pipe 60 out of plastic, it can also be made lighter.

In addition, instead of insert-molding the oil suction nozzle fitting into the oil suction pipe 60, the locking groove 61 for locking the oil suction cap may be molded entirely out of resin.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 10 Handling chamber 12 Handling drum 20 Oscillating sorting device 30 Air sorting device 30a Air intake 37 Sorting motor 37a Motor drive shaft 38 Wind tunnel 38a Vent 38b Vent 39 Gap

Claims (5)

A threshing machine having an oscillating sorting device (20) and an air sorting device (30) for blowing sorting air below a threshing chamber (10) in which a threshing drum (12) is provided, characterized in that a sorting motor (37) for operating the air sorting device (30) is provided near the air intake (30a) of the air sorting device (30), and only the motor drive shaft (37a) of the sorting motor (37) is located inside the air intake (30a), with the other parts being located outside the body of the machine from the air intake (30a), or a part of the sorting motor (37) on the air intake (30a) side and the motor drive shaft (37a) are located inside the air intake (30a) , and an air tunnel (38) is provided to surround the outer periphery of the sorting motor (37) around the axial direction of the motor drive shaft (37a) . The threshing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the wind tunnel (38) surrounds from the wind sorting device (30) side to a part of the sorting motor (37) or to the outer end of the sorting motor (37) of the machine body. In a threshing machine having a oscillating sorting device (20) and a wind sorting device (30) for blowing sorting air below a threshing chamber (10) in which a threshing drum (12) is provided, a sorting motor (37) for operating the wind sorting device (30) is provided near an intake port (30a) of the wind sorting device (30), and only the motor drive shaft (37a) of the sorting motor (37) is disposed inside the intake port (30a), and the other parts are disposed outside the intake port (30). a) on the outside of the machine body, or a part of the sorting motor (37) on the intake port (30a) side and the motor drive shaft (37a) are arranged inside the intake port (30a), an air tunnel (38) is provided surrounding the outer periphery of the sorting motor (37), the air tunnel (38) is arranged a predetermined distance away from the intake port (30a), and a gap (39) is provided between the air tunnel (38) and the intake port (30a). The threshing device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the wind tunnel (38) is formed with multiple air holes (38a), or the air hole (38b) farther from the air intake (30a) of the wind sorting device (30) is made smaller than the air hole (38a) closer to the air intake (30a). A threshing device as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a control device is provided for controlling the rotation speed of the sorting motor (37) to make the rotation speed of the wind sorting device (30) variable, and when the wind sorting device (30) starts to rotate, the control device controls the rotation speed of the wind sorting device (30) to increase in stages, and when the wind sorting device (30) stops rotating, the control device controls the rotation speed of the wind sorting device (30) to decrease in stages and stop it.