JP7698485B2 - Drywall and weatherproofing of openings - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to drywall materials used in buildings and structures, and to a rainproofing structure for openings that prevents rainwater from entering the wall substrate through openings such as sashes.

In general, when walls are made using sandwich-structure drywall materials with a metal surface, synthetic resin foam as the core, and a sheet-like material as the backing, or drywall materials made from inorganic materials, gaps are formed when the ends of the drywall material are butted against the sash or other openings, and there are methods for filling the gaps with caulking material, installing U-shaped cross-section stoppers, or using L-shaped drip edges.

JP 2017-179872 A JP 2021-031998 A JP 2018-031185 A

However, in the structures of References 1 and 2, gaps are filled with backup agents and joint materials, which makes it impossible to avoid water leakage due to deterioration of the materials. In addition, in Reference 3, drainage members are formed on the back side (top of the sash) of the structure in Reference 1, but there is a risk that rainwater that flows down the side of the sash will seep into the wall base from the side.

In order to solve these problems, the present invention provides a waterproofing structure for openings in drywall materials and sashes used in buildings and structures, which uses a decorative stop edge consisting of two members: a vertical, flat fixed surface, a long waste board formed by folding back the lower end of the fixed surface to the outside and forming an approximately L-shaped cross section from the waterproof surface , a vertical, flat fixed piece, a side piece formed by folding back one end of the fixed piece at approximately 90 degrees, and a decorative piece whose tip protrudes approximately parallel to the fixed piece, a batten formed approximately L -shaped from the fixed surface and a fitting portion, and a decorative cap formed approximately L -shaped from the decorative surface and an engagement portion, and a sealing is formed continuously on the upper surface of the opening, and the waterproof surface of the waste board is placed and fixed via the sealing, and the lower and both sides of the opening are covered with a decorative stop edge. This invention provides a rainproofing structure for a drywall material and an opening, characterized in that a batten is fixed to the side surface via a gap, a stopper edge having a drainage hole formed by partially cutting out the side piece that forms the underside is fixed to the top surface of the opening via the gap, opening corner packings are formed on the fixing surfaces of the corners of each of the four openings, drywall material cut to fit the opening is installed via the stopper edge of the opening and the batten, and the decorative cap is fixed to the opening by inserting and fixing the engaging portion of the decorative cap into the fitting portion of the batten fixed to the side surface and underside of the opening, forming a seal in the gap between the opening and the stopper edge and between the opening and the decorative stopper edge, and leaving a gap between the top surface and the stopper edge at the top portion of the opening.

The drywall material and the rainproofing structure for an opening according to the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as the rainproofing structure) have the following features and effects: (1) Drainage holes are formed in the stopper edge of the upper surface of the opening, and gaps are formed in the upper surface of the opening, so that rainwater flowing from the surface of the drywall material can be quickly drained to the outside. (2) Triangular opening corner packings are glued and fixed to the four corners of the opening, so that rainwater can be prevented from penetrating into the wall substrate from the corners. (3) Multiple notches are formed in the stopper edge at the bottom of the opening, so that even if the external pressure increases due to wind and rain, the internal pressure in the stopper edge also increases, making it difficult for rainwater to penetrate inside. (4) Waterproofing from the surface side using caulking material after construction can be eliminated, improving construction efficiency, improving the external design, and preventing deterioration of the caulking material due to ultraviolet rays.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a construction sequence of a rainproofing structure according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a construction sequence of a rainproofing structure according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a construction sequence of a rainproofing structure according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a construction sequence of a rainproofing structure according to the present invention. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a stopper used in a weatherstripping structure according to the present invention, and a cross-sectional view showing the construction state. FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a construction sequence of a rainproofing structure according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a construction sequence of a rainproofing structure according to the present invention. 1A and 1B are cross-sectional views showing an embodiment of a drywall material used in a rainproofing structure according to the present invention, and a cross-sectional view showing the construction state. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a construction sequence of a rainproofing structure according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a construction sequence of a rainproofing structure according to the present invention. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a rainproofing structure according to the present invention. 1 is a plan view showing an embodiment of a rainproofing structure according to the present invention. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a rainproof structure according to the present invention. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of a rainproof structure according to the present invention. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a drywall material used in the rainproofing structure according to the present invention. 1 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a decorative cap used on the underside of an opening in a rainproofing structure according to the present invention. FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of the construction state of the general part of the rainproofing structure according to the present invention. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a floor plate used in the general portion of the rainproofing structure according to the present invention. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of a decorative cap used in a general portion of the rainproofing structure according to the present invention. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing another embodiment of a decorative cap used for a general part of the rainproofing structure according to the present invention. FIG.

A typical example of a rainproofing structure according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. Figures 1 to 10 are explanatory diagrams for explaining the construction sequence of the rainproofing structure according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the structure consists of a wall base α and an opening K such as a sash. Although not shown, a waterproof sheet is installed on the wall base α to ensure waterproofing. The wall base α can be an existing wall base or a newly built wall base.

First, a continuous sealant S is applied to the top of the upper surface K2 of the opening K. Then, as indicated by arrow a, a backsplash T is applied as shown in Figure 2. The backsplash T has a fixed surface 1 and a waterproof surface 2. The sealant S is a caulking material made of silicone, modified silicone, polyurethane, etc., or ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM), etc.

Next, the decorative edge M1 to be installed on the side surface K1 and the underside K3 is as shown in Figures 5(a) to (c), and Figure 5(a) shows a floor board M2, which is formed in an elongated shape from a vertical, flat fixed surface 8, a fitting portion 9 protruding toward the outdoor side of the fixed surface 8, a concave fitting groove 10 formed within the fitting portion 9, and a fitting piece 11 protruding into the fitting groove 10.

Figure 5 (b) shows a decorative cap M3, which is formed in a long shape from a vertically flat decorative surface 12, an engagement portion 13 that protrudes from one end of the decorative surface 12 toward the interior side, and an engagement piece 14 that folds back and inclines the tip of the engagement portion 13 toward the interior side. In addition, a step 12a is formed at the tip of the decorative surface 12 to absorb the gap between the decorative surface 12 and the drywall material A.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the batten M2 as shown in Figure 5(a) is processed to a length that matches the width of the opening K, and the fixing surface 8 is fixed to the wall base α by a fixing device β such as a nail on the underside K3 of the opening K via a gap B of 10 mm as shown by the arrow a. Note that 9a is a cutout.

Next, as shown in Figures 3 and 4, the batten M2 as shown in Figure 5(a) is processed to a length that matches the height of the opening K, and the fixing surfaces 8 are fixed to the wall base α by fasteners β such as nails on both sides K1 of the opening K with a gap B of 10 mm as shown by arrow a.

Figure 5 (c) is a cross-sectional view showing the installation state of the decorative edge M1. After the fixing piece 8 of the batten M2 is fixed to the wall base α, the engaging portion 13 of the decorative cap M3 is installed on the fitting portion 10 of the batten M2 to cover the small end portion of the drywall material A.

Once the installation of the batten M2 is completed, a stop edge X processed to a length that matches the width of the opening K, which is composed of a fixed piece 3, a side piece 4, a decorative piece 5, and a space 6 formed by the fixed piece 3, the side piece 4, and the decorative piece 5 as shown in Figure 2, is installed on the upper surface K2 of the opening K.

In addition, the end edge X to be applied to the upper surface K2 is provided with a cutout of the decorative piece 5 and an insert piece X1 formed by folding back the side piece 4 at 90 degrees, and the insert piece X1 is formed to fit the fitting portion 9 of the batten M2 fixed to the side surface K1 as shown in Figures 3, 4 and 6, and the end edge X is fixed to the wall base α by a fastener β. In addition, the end edge X to be applied to the upper surface K2 is provided with drainage holes 4a cut out at regular intervals in the side piece 4 as shown in Figure 2.

As shown in FIG . 4 , a sealant S is formed before the construction of the edge X to prevent rainwater from running sideways between the back plate T and the edge X and from infiltrating into the wall base α.

Once the installation of the stop edges X is complete, triangular opening corner packings P are glued and fixed to the four corners of the ends of each stop edge X, as shown in Figure 6. The opening corner packings P are installed to prevent rainwater from entering through the corners.

Once the installation of the opening corner packing P is complete, a long piece of drywall material A as shown in Figure 8(a) is processed as shown in Figures 7 and 9 and installed above, below, left and right of the opening K via stop edges X and battens M2 . At this time, the surface of the drywall material A is fixed at four points between the stop edges X and the battens M2 and at the corners between the battens M2 with fasteners β. Of course, the fasteners β are embedded in sealing S to ensure waterproofing.

As an example of drywall material A, as shown in Fig. 8(a) which is a cross-sectional view of drywall material A and Fig. 8(b) which is a cross-sectional view of the construction state, a long sandwich panel is formed by sandwiching a core material 18 between a metal surface material 16 made of a thin metal plate and a back surface material 17, a recess 19 formed at the lower end in the width direction, a protrusion 20 formed at the upper end, an upper end recess 20a formed by folding the back surface of the protrusion 20 upward, and a fixing part 21.

P1 is a gasket designed to improve waterproofing, wind resistance, airtightness, and insulation.

The drywall materials A are fixed to the wall base α by fasteners β, as shown in Figure 8 (b), with the recesses 19 connected to the protrusions 20.

Drywall material A is formed from metal siding material, ceramic siding material, ceramic, etc., and as an example of metal siding material, the metal surface material 16 is formed by embossing roll molding or press molding of a thin metal plate, such as iron, aluminum, copper, stainless steel, titanium, aluminum-zinc alloy plated steel plate, galvalume steel plate (registered trademark), enamel steel plate, clad steel plate, laminated steel plate (PVC steel plate, etc.), sandwich steel plate (vibration-damping steel plate, etc.), polyvinyl chloride resin, polycarbonate resin, etc. (including color plates painted in various colors). The back surface material 17 may be a laminate of one or more of aluminum-deposited paper, craft paper, asphalt felt, metal foil (Al, Fe, Pb, Cu), synthetic resin sheet, rubber sheet, cloth sheet, gypsum paper, aluminum hydroxide paper, glass fiber nonwoven fabric, etc., or a sheet-like material that has been waterproofed or flame-retardant treated.

The core material 18 is made of a synthetic resin foam such as polyurethane foam, polyisocyanurate foam, phenol foam, polyvinyl chloride foam, polyethylene foam, polystyrene foam, urea foam, etc., and is dispensed onto the back side of the metal surface material 16 or back surface material 17, and heated to react, foam, and harden to form the metal surface material 1 and back surface material 2 as a single unit. In addition, various flame retardant lightweight aggregates (perlite particles, glass beads, gypsum slag, talc stone, silt balloons, aluminum hydroxide, etc.) and fibrous materials (glass wool, rock wool, carbon fiber, graphite, etc.) can be mixed into the core material 18 to improve fire resistance and fire prevention.

When the installation of the drywall material A in the opening K is completed, the decorative cap M3 shown in Figure 5(b) is cut to fit the width and height of the opening K, and then installed by inserting the engagement portion 13 of the decorative cap M3 into the fitting portion 9 of the batten M2.

Once the installation of the stop edge X and decorative stop edge M1 is complete, install the stop edge corner cap H on the corner portion as shown in Figures 9 and 10.

Once the installation of the corner cap H is complete, the packing P1 and the sealing S are installed in the gaps B between the opening K and the edge X and between the opening K and the decorative edge M1 as shown in Figures 9 to 14. In this case, the packing P1 and the sealing S are not installed in the gap B between the upper surface K2 and the edge X, but are formed so that rainwater that has entered the edge X through the gap B can be discharged from the gap B.

Figures 11 to 14 are explanatory diagrams and cross-sectional views showing the mechanism of the rainproofing structure according to the present invention.

Figure 11 shows the rainproofing structure of the upper surface K2 of the opening K. Even if rainwater W seeps in through the edge X or the edge corner cap H, the opening corner packing P and backsplash T formed on the left and right prevent it from seeping into the wall base α, and the rainwater is drained to the outside through the gap B at the cutout X1 formed in the edge X.

Figure 12 shows the rainproofing structure of the left and right side K1 of the opening K. Even if rainwater W penetrates through the fixed surface 8 of the batten M2 or the corner cap H, the opening corner packing P and sealing S formed on the left and right prevent the rainwater from penetrating into the wall base α, and the rainwater is discharged to the surface side of the drywall material A.

13(a) and (b) show the rainproofing structure of the lower surface K3 of the opening K, where (a) shows the case where the decorative cap M3 does not have a notch 12b (see FIG. 16), and when the external pressure increases due to wind and rain, the internal pressure in the decorative edge M1 decreases, and the pressure difference makes it easier for rainwater to seep in. In contrast, (b) shows the case where multiple notches 12b (see FIG. 16) are formed in the decorative cap M3 of the decorative edge M1, and even if the external pressure increases due to wind and rain, the internal pressure in the decorative edge M1 also increases, making it difficult for rainwater to seep in.

14(a) and (b) show the rainproofing structure of the underside K3 of the opening K, where (a) shows the case where the decorative cap M3 does not have a notch 12b (see Fig. 16), and when the external pressure increases due to wind and rain, the internal pressure in the decorative stopper M1 decreases, and the difference in pressure makes it easier for rainwater to seep in. In contrast, (b) shows the case where a drywall material A is installed in which multiple grooves 16a are formed on the surface of a metal surface material 16 as shown in Fig. 15, and even if the external pressure increases due to wind and rain, the grooves 16a of the drywall material A increase the internal pressure in the decorative stopper M1, making it difficult for rainwater to seep in.

When constructing the drywall material A shown in Figures 8 and 15, as shown in Figure 17, a sealant S is applied between the fixing portion 21 of the fitting portion of the drywall material A and the fixing surface 8 of the batten M2 to enhance waterproofing.

The decorative cap M3 shown in Fig. 16 has cutouts 12b formed by cutting out the step 12a at regular intervals. These cutouts 12b are intended to make the internal pressure in the space 15 of the decorative edge M1 formed on the lower surface K3 after construction equal to the external pressure, thereby preventing rainwater from entering the interior.

Figures 18(a)-(c) through 20(a)-(c) are explanatory diagrams showing the stopper used in general areas, and the batten M2 and decorative cap M3 used for external and internal corners.

A: drywall material a: arrow B: gap H: corner cap K: opening K1: side K2: top K3: bottom M: joint M1: decorative edge M2: batten M3: decorative cap P: opening corner packing P1: packing S: sealing T: backing board W: rainwater X: edge X1: insert α: wall base β: fixing 1: fixing surface 2: waterproof surface 3: fixing piece
Reference Signs List 4 Side piece 4a Drainage hole 5 Decorative piece 6 Space 7 Cutout 8 Fixing surface 9 Fitting portion 9a Cutout 10 Fitting groove 11 Fitting piece 12 Decorative surface 12a Step 12b Cutout 13 Engagement portion 14 Engagement piece 15 Space 16 Metal surface material 16a Groove 17 Back surface material 18 Core material 19 Recess 20 Protrusion 20a Upper end recess 21 Fixing portion

Claims (1)

In a rainproofing structure for openings in drywall materials and sashes used in buildings and structures, a decorative stop edge is used, which is made up of two members: a vertical flat fixed surface, a long waste board with a waterproof surface formed by folding back the lower end of the fixed surface to the outside and forming an approximately L-shaped cross section, a vertical flat fixed piece, a side piece with one end of the fixed piece folded back at approximately 90 degrees, and a decorative piece with the tip of the side piece protruding approximately parallel to the fixed piece, a batten formed in an approximately L -shape from the fixed surface and a fitting portion, and a decorative cap formed in an approximately L -shape from the decorative surface and an engagement portion, and a continuous seal is formed on the upper surface of the opening, and the waterproof surface of the waste board is placed and fixed via the seal, and there are gaps on the lower surface and both side surfaces of the opening. a batten is fixed to the top of the opening through a gap, a stopper edge having a side piece that forms the underside and is formed with a drainage hole by partially cutting away the side piece, opening corner packings are formed on the fixing surfaces of the corners of each of the four openings, drywall material cut to fit the opening is installed via the stopper edge and batten, the decorative cap is fixed to the opening by inserting and fixing the engaging parts of the decorative cap into the fitting parts of the batten fixed to the side and underside of the opening, sealing is formed in the gaps between the opening and the stopper edge and between the opening and the decorative stopper edge , and a gap is left between the top surface of the opening and the stopper edge.

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