JP7701871B2 - Abnormality determination method and abnormality determination program - Google Patents

Description

This disclosure relates to an abnormality determination method and an abnormality determination program for determining abnormalities in a current collector and overhead lines.

Electrically powered trains are equipped with current collectors, and obtain electricity from overhead lines via the current collectors. A system has been devised that monitors the condition of these current collectors to detect abnormalities in the current collectors (see, for example, Patent Document 1 below).

JP 2016-220314 A

However, even if there appears to be an abnormality in the current collecting device, there may actually be no abnormality in the current collecting device, but an abnormality in the overhead line with which the current collecting device comes into contact. Therefore, the present disclosure aims to provide an abnormality determination method and an abnormality determination program that can determine abnormalities in not only the current collecting device but also the overhead line by monitoring the state of the current collecting device.

The abnormality determination method according to one aspect of the present disclosure obtains the output value of each contact sensor corresponding to each of a plurality of current collectors, calculates the contact rate for each running section of each current collector based on the output value, and determines whether or not there is an abnormality in the current collector to be determined based on the difference between a running section reference contact rate preset for each running section and the contact rate in each running section of the current collector to be determined, and determines whether or not there is an abnormality in the overhead line of the running section to be determined based on the difference between a current collector reference contact rate preset for each current collector and the contact rate in each current collector in the running section to be determined.

In addition, the abnormality determination program according to one aspect of the present disclosure causes a computer to acquire output values of each contact sensor corresponding to each of a plurality of current collectors, calculate the contact rate for each running section of each current collector based on the output values, determine whether or not there is an abnormality in the current collector to be determined based on the difference between a running section reference contact rate preset for each running section and the contact rate in each running section of the current collector to be determined, and determine whether or not there is an abnormality in the overhead line in the running section to be determined based on the difference between a current collector reference contact rate preset for each current collector and the contact rate in each current collector in the running section to be determined.

The above-mentioned abnormality determination method and abnormality determination program make it possible to determine abnormalities not only in the current collector but also in the overhead lines by monitoring the state of the current collector.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a train operation system. FIG. 2 is a flow diagram of the abnormality determination program. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of an output value of the line separation sensor. FIG. 4 is a diagram in which the output value of the contact loss sensor is divided into sections. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a method for determining a disconnection location. FIG. 6 is a table showing the contact loss rate for each current collector for each running section at each running date and time. FIG. 7 is a table showing the contact loss rate for each current collector for each running section. FIG. 8 is a table in which the reference contact loss rate for each running section is added to the table of FIG. FIG. 9 is a table in which the standard contact loss rate for each current collector is added to the table in FIG.

<Train operation system>
The abnormality determination method according to the embodiment will be described below. First, a train operation system 100 in which the abnormality determination method is implemented will be described. Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the train operation system 100. As shown in Fig. 1, the train operation system 100 of the present embodiment includes a plurality of trains 10, a computer 20, and a display device 30.

Each train 10 is made up of multiple cars 11, and at least one of the multiple cars 11 has a current collector 12 and a line loss sensor 13 corresponding to the current collector 12. The current collector 12 is in contact with an overhead line (electric wire) 14 and obtains electricity from the overhead line 14. The current collector 12 in this embodiment is a so-called pantograph, but the current collector 12 is not limited to a pantograph. The line loss sensor 13 is a sensor that observes the contact state between the current collector 12 and the overhead line 14. The line loss sensor 13 in this embodiment is an optical type that measures the amount of light of an arc generated between the current collector 12 and the overhead line 14, but the line loss sensor 13 is not limited to an optical type.

In this embodiment, each train 10 runs on the same line. In other words, the current collector 12 of each train 10 contacts the same overhead line 14. Note that, although each train 10 in this embodiment is made up of multiple cars 11, each train 10 may be made up of one car 11 that has a current collector 12 and a track separation sensor 13.

The computer 20 has a processor, volatile memory, non-volatile memory, an I/O interface, etc. The non-volatile memory of the computer 20 stores an abnormality determination program described below and various data, etc., and the processor performs calculations using the volatile memory based on each program. The computer 20 is a so-called server, and acquires operation information including current collector information of each current collector 12 from each train 10 via the network. However, the method of acquiring operation information by the computer 20 is not limited to this.

The current collector information for each current collector 12 includes the number of the current collector 12, the output value of the contact sensor 13 corresponding to that current collector 12, the notch step number of the train 10 on which that current collector 12 is mounted, the number of current collectors 12 in use among the current collectors 12 mounted on that train 10, the speed of that train 10, the running position of that train 10, and the time. Of these, the output value of the contact sensor 13, the notch step number, the number of current collectors 12 in use, the speed of the train 10, and the running position of the train 10 are time-series data and are associated with time.

The display device 30 is a device that displays various information. In this embodiment, the display device 30 is a so-called display. The display device 30 is electrically connected to the computer 20 and displays information output from the computer 20.

The functions of the elements disclosed herein can be performed using circuits or processing circuits, including general purpose processors, special purpose processors, integrated circuits, ASICs (Application Specific Integrated Circuits), conventional circuits, and/or combinations thereof, configured or programmed to perform the disclosed functions. Processors are considered processing circuits or circuits because they include transistors and other circuits. In this disclosure, a circuit, unit, or means is hardware that performs the recited functions or hardware that is programmed to perform the recited functions. The hardware may be hardware disclosed herein or other known hardware that is programmed or configured to perform the recited functions. If the hardware is a processor, which is considered a type of circuit, the circuit, means, or unit is a combination of hardware and software, and the software is used to configure the hardware and/or the processor.

<Abnormality Judgment Program>
Next, the abnormality determination program executed by the computer 20 will be described. Fig. 2 is a flow diagram of the abnormality determination program. As shown in Fig. 2, when the abnormality determination program is executed, the computer 20 acquires current collector information of each current collector 12 (step S1). As described above, the current collector information includes the output value of the line contact sensor 13. If the output value of the line contact sensor 13 is shown in a graph, it will look like Fig. 3, for example. Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the output value of the line contact sensor 13. The vertical axis of the graph shown in Fig. 3 represents the output value of the line contact sensor 13, and the horizontal axis represents time.

Next, the computer 20 divides the output value of the line separation sensor 13 acquired in step S1 into sections in which the train 10 is traveling (step S2). Figure 4 is a diagram in which the output value of the line separation sensor 13 is divided into sections in which the train 10 is traveling. In step S2, first, the horizontal axis of the graph showing the output value of the line separation sensor 13 shown in Figure 3 is converted from time to distance traveled. As described above, the output value of the line separation sensor 13 and the running position of the train 10 are associated via time. Therefore, the horizontal axis of the graph shown in Figure 3 can be converted from time to distance traveled.

Then, as shown in FIG. 4, the output value of the track loss sensor 13 is divided by running section. In this embodiment, the running section of the train 10 is divided into three sections: a first running section, a second running section, and a third running section. The distance of each running section can be set arbitrarily. The distance of each running section may be the same or different. Furthermore, if the track on which each train 10 runs is double track, the uphill and downhill (outward and return) running sections are different. In this case, the overhead wires 14 that the current collector 12 comes into contact with are different for the uphill and downhill directions.

Next, the computer 20 determines the location of the disconnection on the current collector 12 (step S3). The disconnection location is a location where the current collector 12 and the overhead line 14 are thought to have separated. Figure 5 is a diagram explaining a method for determining the location of the disconnection. As shown in Figure 5, in this embodiment, a threshold value is set, and a location where the output value of the disconnection sensor 13 is equal to or greater than the threshold value is determined to be a disconnection location. In Figure 5, the location corresponding to the shaded area is the disconnection location.

The threshold value is set based on the number of notch stages obtained in step S1 and the number of current collectors 12 being used. In this embodiment, when the number of notch stages is small and the number of current collectors 12 is large, the amount of light from the arc generated when the current collectors 12 and the overhead line 14 are separated is small, so in such cases the threshold value is set small. Conversely, when the number of notch stages is large and the number of current collectors 12 is small, the amount of light from the arc generated when the current collectors 12 and the overhead line 14 are separated is large, so in such cases the threshold value is set large.

Next, the computer 20 calculates the contact loss rate for each running section of each current collector 12 (step S4). Here, the contact loss rate for each running section refers to the ratio of contact loss locations to the entire running section. The contact loss rate can be calculated based on FIG. 5. The contact loss rate may be the ratio of the "time" during which the current collector 12 is off the wire to the "time" during which the train travels through the running section, or the ratio of the "distance" during which the current collector 12 is off the wire to the "distance" of the running section. In this embodiment, the contact loss rate is corrected based on the speed of the train 10 acquired in step S1. Specifically, contact loss is more likely to occur when the train 10 is running fast, so the contact loss rate is corrected to a lower value when the train 10 is running fast, and is corrected to a higher value when the train 10 is running slow.

Figure 6 is a table showing an example of the contact loss rate for each running section at each running date and time of each current collector 12. The numerical values in the table in Figure 6 indicate the contact loss rate for each running section at three different running times for each of the three current collectors 12, the first current collector, the second current collector, and the third current collector. In the table shown in Figure 6, Figure 7 shows the contact loss rate (average value) obtained by averaging the contact loss rates for the three running dates and times for the same current collector 12 in the same running section. Figure 7 is a table showing the contact loss rate (average value) for each running section of each current collector 12. In this embodiment, the contact loss rate (average value) in Figure 7 is used to perform abnormality determination. However, instead of the average contact loss rate, for example, one of the contact loss rates for the three running dates and times shown in Figure 6 may be used for abnormality determination.

Next, the computer 20 sets the running section reference contact loss rate for each running section (step S5). FIG. 8 is a table in which the running section reference contact loss rate for each running section and the difference between the running section reference contact loss rate and the running section reference contact loss rate are added to the table in FIG. 7. The running section reference contact loss rate for each running section is set based on the contact loss rate of each current collector 12 in each running section. In this embodiment, the "median" of the contact loss rates of each current collector 12 in each running section is set as the running section reference contact loss rate. Note that the "median" refers to the value that is in the middle of the ranking, and if the number of data is an even number, it is the arithmetic average of the two median ranking values.

For example, in FIG. 8, the contact loss rates of the first current collector, the second current collector, and the third current collector in the first running section are 6%, 3%, and 3%, respectively, so the median of these, 3%, is set as the running section reference contact loss rate for the first running section. However, it is also possible to set the "average value" of the contact loss rates of each current collector 12 in each running section as the running section reference contact loss rate for each running section.

Then, the computer 20 calculates the difference between the running section reference contact loss rate for each running section set in step S5 and the contact loss rate of each current collector 12 in that running section (step S6). The numbers in parentheses in the table of FIG. 8 indicate the difference between each contact loss rate and the running section reference contact loss rate (the value obtained by subtracting the running section reference contact loss rate from each contact loss rate).

Next, the computer 20 judges whether the number of running sections in which the loss rate is greater than the running section reference loss rate and the difference is greater than or equal to a threshold value for the current collector 12 being judged is equal to or greater than a predetermined number (step S7). In step S7, the judgment may be made for all current collectors 12, or may be made for some current collectors 12. The threshold value and the predetermined number can be set arbitrarily. In this embodiment, the threshold value is set to 2%, and the predetermined number is set to 2.

For example, in the first current collecting device, the running sections in which the loss rate is greater than the running section reference loss rate and the difference is 2% or more are the first running section, the second running section, and the third running section, which is the predetermined number of 2 or more. In other words, in step S7, when the first current collecting device is the judgment target, the computer 20 judges that there are a predetermined number or more running sections in which the loss rate is greater than the running section reference loss rate and the difference is greater than or equal to the threshold (YES in step S7). In this case, the computer 20 judges that the current collecting device 12 (first current collecting device) that is the judgment target is abnormal (step S8). This judgment is made because a current collecting device 12 with a high loss rate in many running sections is considered to have an abnormality in the current collecting device 12 itself.

In contrast, in the second current collecting device, there is no running section where the loss rate is greater than the running section reference loss rate and the difference is 2% or more. In other words, when the second current collecting device is the judgment target in step S7, the computer 20 judges that there are not a predetermined number of running sections where the loss rate is greater than the running section reference loss rate and the difference is greater than or equal to the threshold value (NO in step S7). In this case, the computer 20 judges that the current collecting device 12 (second current collecting device) being judged is normal (step S9).

Next, the computer 20 sets the current collector standard contact loss rate for each current collector 12 (step S10). Figure 9 is a table in which the current collector standard contact loss rate for each current collector 12 and the difference from the current collector standard contact loss rate have been added to the table in Figure 7. The current collector standard contact loss rate for each current collector 12 is set based on the contact loss rate for each running section of each current collector 12. In this embodiment, the "median" of the contact loss rates for each running section of each current collector 12 is set as the current collector standard contact loss rate.

For example, in FIG. 9, the contact loss rates of the first running section, the second running section, and the third running section of the first current collector are 6%, 9%, and 12%, respectively, so the median of these, 9%, is set as the current collector standard contact loss rate of the first current collector. However, the "average value" of the contact loss rates of each running section of each current collector 12 may also be set as the current collector standard contact loss rate for each current collector 12.

Then, the computer 20 calculates the difference between the standard contact loss rate for each current collector 12 set in step S10 and the contact loss rate for each running section on that current collector 12 (step S11). The numbers in parentheses in the table in Figure 9 indicate the difference between each contact loss rate and the standard contact loss rate for the current collector (each contact loss rate minus the standard contact loss rate for the current collector).

Next, the computer 20 determines whether there are a predetermined number or more of current collectors 12 for the travel section being evaluated, whose loss rate is greater than the current collector reference loss rate and whose difference is greater than or equal to a threshold value (step S12). In step S12, the determination may be performed for all travel sections, or for some travel sections. The threshold value and the predetermined number can be set arbitrarily. In this embodiment, the threshold value is set to 2%, and the predetermined number is set to 2.

For example, in the first running section, there is no running section where the loss rate is greater than the collector's reference loss rate and the difference is 2% or more. In other words, when the first running section is the judgment target in step S12, the computer 20 judges that the number of collectors 12 where the loss rate is greater than the collector's reference loss rate and the difference is greater than or equal to the threshold value is not a predetermined number or more (NO in step S12). In this case, the computer 20 judges that the overhead wire 14 in the running section being judged (first running section) is normal (step S13).

In contrast, in the third running section, there are three running sections in which the loss rate is greater than the collector's reference loss rate and the difference is 2% or more: the first collector, the second collector, and the third collector, which is equal to or greater than the predetermined number of two. In other words, when the third running section is the subject of judgment in step S12, the computer 20 judges that the number of collectors 12 in which the loss rate is greater than the collector's reference loss rate and the difference is equal to or greater than the threshold is equal to or greater than the predetermined number (YES in step S12). In this case, proceed to step S14.

If the answer is YES in step S12, the running section being judged has a high loss rate for many current collectors 12, so there is a possibility that there is an abnormality in the overhead line 14 in that running section. However, since the cause of the high loss rate may be something other than the overhead line 14, the cause of the high loss rate is further verified in the next step S14.

In step S14, the running section where an abnormality in the overhead line 14 is suspected (the running section for which step S12 is YES) is the subject of judgment. In the above example, the third running section is the subject of judgment. In step S14, it is determined whether or not there are a predetermined number or more current collectors 12 in the running section to be judged, for which the difference in the wire loss rate at different running dates and times is equal to or greater than a threshold value. The wire loss rate, threshold value, and predetermined number that are the subject of the above-mentioned wire loss rate difference can be set arbitrarily. In this embodiment, the wire loss rate difference is the difference between the minimum wire loss rate and the maximum wire loss rate, the threshold value is set to 5%, and the predetermined number is set to 2.

For example, referring to the table shown in FIG. 6, in the third running section, the differences between the minimum and maximum loss of contact rates at different running dates and times for the first current collecting device, the second current collecting device, and the third current collecting device are 10% (18% - 8%), 8% (14% - 6%), and 9% (16% - 7%), respectively, all of which are greater than or equal to the threshold value of 5%. In other words, in the third running section, the current collecting devices 12 for which the difference in loss of contact rates at different running dates and times is greater than or equal to the threshold value are the first current collecting device, the second current collecting device, and the third current collecting device, which is greater than or equal to the predetermined number of 2.

Therefore, in step S14, when the third running section is the target of judgment, the computer 20 judges that there are a predetermined number or more of current collectors 12 for which the difference in the contact loss rate at different running dates and times is equal to or greater than the threshold value (YES in step S14). In this case, the computer 20 judges that the overhead wires 14 in the running section being judged (the third running section) are normal (step S15). The reason for this judgment is that when the difference in the contact loss rate at different running dates and times is large, the deterioration in the contact loss rate (particularly the deterioration in the contact loss rate on January 3 in FIG. 6) is highly likely to be due to natural conditions such as wind or snowfall.

On the other hand, in step S14, if the computer 20 determines that there are not a predetermined number of current collectors 12 in the travel section being evaluated for which the difference in the contact loss rate at different travel dates and times is equal to or greater than the threshold value (NO in step S14), it determines that the overhead wires 14 in the travel section being evaluated are abnormal. This determination is made because it is believed that the cause of the high contact loss rate in the travel section being evaluated is the overhead wires 14, not the natural environment.

Then, the computer 20 outputs the result of the determination as to whether the collector 12 being judged is abnormal (steps S8, S9) and the result of the determination as to whether the overhead line 14 in the running section being judged is abnormal (steps S13, S15, S16) to the display device 30 (step S17). Note that the method of displaying the determination results on the display device 30 is not limited. Note that the computer 20 may output the determination results to a storage medium or the like in addition to or instead of the display device 30.

<Summary>
The abnormality determination method according to the above embodiment obtains output values from each contact loss sensor corresponding to each of a plurality of current collecting devices, calculates the contact loss rate for each running section of each current collecting device based on the output values, and determines whether or not there is an abnormality in the current collecting device to be determined based on the difference between a running section reference contact loss rate preset for each running section and the contact loss rate in each running section of the current collecting device to be determined, and determines whether or not there is an abnormality in the overhead wires of the running section to be determined based on the difference between the current collecting device reference contact loss rate preset for each current collecting device and the contact loss rate in each current collecting device in the running section to be determined.

With this method, by monitoring the condition of the current collector, it is possible to detect abnormalities not only in the current collector but also in the overhead lines.

In addition, in the abnormality determination method according to the embodiment, the reference contact loss rate for each running section is set based on the contact loss rate of each current collector in each running section, and the reference contact loss rate for each current collector is set based on the contact loss rate of each running section for each current collector.

This method allows the running section reference loss rate and the current collector reference loss rate to be set to appropriate values.

In addition, in the abnormality determination method according to the embodiment, in addition to the difference between the reference contact loss rate of the current collector and the contact loss rate of each current collector in the travel section to be determined, the system determines whether or not there is an abnormality in the overhead line in the travel section to be determined based on the difference between the contact loss rates of the same current collector in the travel section to be determined at different travel dates and times.

This method makes it possible to eliminate the influence of the natural environment when determining abnormalities in overhead lines.

The abnormality determination program in the above embodiment causes the computer to acquire the output value of each contact sensor corresponding to each of the multiple current collectors, calculate the contact rate for each running section of each current collector based on the output value, determine whether or not there is an abnormality in the current collector to be determined based on the difference between the running section reference contact rate preset for each running section and the contact rate in each running section of the current collector to be determined, and determine whether or not there is an abnormality in the overhead line in the running section to be determined based on the difference between the current collector reference contact rate preset for each current collector and the contact rate in each current collector in the running section to be determined.

This program monitors the condition of the current collector, making it possible to detect abnormalities not only in the current collector but also in the overhead lines.

10 Train 11 Vehicle 12 Current collector 13 Line separation sensor 14 Overhead wire 20 Computer 30 Display device 100 Train operation system

Claims (4)

Acquire an output value of each contact sensor corresponding to each of the plurality of current collecting devices;
calculating a contact loss rate for each running section of each current collector based on the output value;
determining whether or not there is an abnormality in the current collecting device to be determined based on a difference between a reference contact loss rate for each running section that is preset for each running section and the contact loss rate in each running section of the current collecting device to be determined;
An abnormality determination method for determining whether or not there is an abnormality in the overhead lines of a running section to be determined based on the difference between a current collector reference contact loss rate preset for each current collector and the contact loss rate of each current collector in the running section to be determined. The reference contact loss rate for each running section is set based on the contact loss rate of each current collector in each running section,
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the reference contact loss rate for each current collector is set based on the contact loss rate for each running section of each current collector. The method for determining whether or not there is an abnormality in the overhead line of the travel section to be determined according to claim 1 or 2, which determines whether or not there is an abnormality in the overhead line of the travel section to be determined based on the difference between the reference contact loss rate of the current collector and the contact loss rate of each current collector of the travel section to be determined, as well as the difference between the contact loss rates of the same current collector of the travel section to be determined at different travel dates and times. On the computer,
acquiring an output value of each contact sensor corresponding to each of the plurality of current collecting devices;
Calculating the contact loss rate for each running section of each current collector based on the output value;
A determination is made as to whether or not there is an abnormality in the current collecting device to be determined based on a difference between a reference contact loss rate for each running section that is preset for each running section and the contact loss rate in each running section of the current collecting device to be determined,
An abnormality determination program that determines whether or not there is an abnormality in the overhead lines of a running section to be determined based on the difference between a current collector reference contact loss rate preset for each current collector and the contact loss rate of each current collector in the running section to be determined.

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