JP7705703B2 - projection device - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a projection device, and in particular to a projection device that projects drawings onto components at actual size.

In recent years, the use of CAD has become common in design, but paper drawings are still widely used in construction and inspection. In other words, processes such as marking out, completion checks, and inspections are carried out by comparing paper drawings printed from CAD with the on-site situation.

Performing tasks such as measuring and checking while referring to paper drawings and performing scale calculations is cumbersome and requires a large number of steps. It is also prone to errors. Therefore, in recent years, attempts have been made to eliminate the disadvantages of paper drawings by displaying models created with 3D CAD and projections created from those models on a transparent display or projecting them with a projector.

For example, Patent Document 1 describes a system that displays timber assembly diagrams on a glasses-type wearable device and allows them to be referenced at the construction site. Non-Patent Document 1 discloses a system that uses a laser projector to project design data created with 3D CAD onto the floor, walls, ceiling, etc. of a construction site.

In addition, from the viewpoint of improving the efficiency of construction work and shortening the construction period, there are many cases where factory products that are processed, assembled, and manufactured in factories are brought to the construction site as building materials. In such factories, too, processes such as marking were traditionally carried out using paper drawings. In recent years, systems have been proposed that support processes such as marking by projecting drawings, etc. onto factory products using a projector, as in Patent Documents 2 and 3.

JP 2016-177473 A JP 2015-139832 A JP 2014-240116 A Patent application No. 2018-170899

Ryuta Ieiri, "BIM for construction! Laser projector that projects full-size drawings on-site", [online], September 22, 2010, Nikkei xTECH, [searched July 12, 2018], Internet <URL: http://tech.nikkeibp.co.jp/kn/article/it/column/20100917/543378/>

However, the systems described in Patent Documents 2 and 3 are specialized for specific factory products and are not generally applicable to a variety of factory products, including standardized products and one-off products. In addition, there was a demand for a system that was portable and easy to calibrate, so that it could be used at a variety of production sites and construction sites.

The present invention was made to solve these problems, and aims to provide a projection device that projects drawings onto components at actual size.

A projection device according to one embodiment of the present invention is a projection device that projects a drawing at actual size onto a top surface of a component, and includes a projector arranged facing the top surface, a rangefinder for measuring the position of the projector, a framework that holds the projector and the rangefinder, and a moving means for moving the framework approximately parallel to the top surface, and the projector changes the drawing projected onto the top surface based on the change in position detected by the rangefinder.
In a projection device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the projector has a drawing data memory unit that stores drawing data, a projection data generation unit that determines the range of the drawing data to be projected, and a position calculation unit that calculates the amount of change in the position measured by the rangefinder, and the projection data generation unit moves the range of the drawing data to be projected in accordance with the amount of change in position.
In the projection device according to one embodiment of the present invention, the moving means is capable of moving the framework along a longitudinal direction of the member, and the range finder detects the position in the longitudinal direction.
A projection device according to one embodiment of the present invention further has a plurality of second range finders arranged opposite the top surface, and the projector determines the shape of the top surface based on the measurement values of the second range finders and corrects the drawing to be projected based on the shape.

The present invention provides a projection device that projects drawings onto components at actual size.

1 is an overall perspective view of a projection device 1 according to a first embodiment; FIG. FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of a projector 103. FIG. 11 is an overall perspective view of a projection device 1 according to a second embodiment. 4A and 4B are diagrams illustrating an example of the shape of a top surface 21.

<First embodiment>
FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a projection device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
A member 2 having a flat top surface 21 is placed on the floor of a factory. The member 2 is, for example, a steel material for construction. The projection device 1 is placed on the floor so as to straddle the member 2.

The projection device 1 includes a ball roller 101, a frame 102 (102a, 102b, 102c, 102d), a projector 103, a base 104 (104a, 104b), and a range finder 105.

Four ball rollers 101 (two of which are not shown) are arranged around member 2 and are in contact with the floor surface to support the entire projection device 1.

The framework 102, which is constructed on the ball rollers 101, supports and fixes the projector 103 and the range finder 105 above the member 2. The framework 102a is made of two steel members arranged approximately parallel to the longitudinal direction of the member 2. As the ball rollers 101 are attached to the framework 102a, the projection device 1 can move freely on the floor surface along the longitudinal direction of the member 2. A pair of rigid frame frameworks 102b and 102c are constructed in this order on top of the framework 102a. The framework 102d is placed between the pair of frameworks 102c. The framework 102d is made of two steel members and constructed approximately parallel to the top surface of the member 2.

A projector 103 is attached to the framework 102d. The projector 103 is attached so that the projection direction faces downward, so that a projection surface 3 can be provided on the top surface 21 of the member 2.

A base 104 for mounting a range finder 105 is attached to the framework 102d. The base 104 has a plate 104b for mounting the range finder and four legs 104a that support the plate 104b.

2A and 2B are plan and elevation views of the base 104. As shown in FIG. 2A, a punched metal having holes 104c is suitable as the material for the plate material 104b. As shown in FIG. 2B, bolts serving as legs 104a are inserted into the four holes 104c, and the plate material 104b is supported by nuts 104d. The height of the plate material 104b can be changed by changing the position of the nuts 104d. This allows fine adjustment of the height and inclination of the rangefinder 105. Additionally, the legs 104a are fixed to the framework 102d by nuts 104e.

The distance meter 105 is typically a laser distance meter that measures the distance to a predetermined measurement point and outputs the measurement result to the projector 103. In this embodiment, the distance meter 105 constantly (at regular intervals) measures the distance to an obstacle (such as a wall) that exists on the longitudinal extension of the member 2.

The projector 103 has a function of projecting drawing data corresponding to the position of the projection device 1 onto the top surface 21 of the member 2. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the functional configuration of the projector 103. The projector 103 has a drawing data storage unit 1031, a position calculation unit 1032, a projection data generation unit 1033, and a projection unit 1034.

The drawing data storage unit 1031 stores drawing data to be projected onto the member 2. The drawing data is an image of a drawing that describes the dimensions of the member 2 (positions to be cut), positions and diameters of holes to be drilled, etc., and is typically created using CAD or the like.

A reference point (origin) Od is defined within the drawing data. When projection begins, first the projection angle and magnification of the projection unit 1034 are adjusted so that the drawing data can be projected in actual size onto the projection surface 3 on the top surface 21. Then the position of the projection device 1 and the range (view) of the drawing data to be projected are adjusted so that a reference point (such as the end of the component 2) Or previously set in real space matches the reference point Od within the drawing data. This is called calibration. This allows the drawing data, such as dimensions, to be accurately projected onto the surface of the component 2.

The position calculation unit 1032 receives distance measurement results from the range finder 105 at regular intervals or when a change in distance occurs. It then calculates the amount of change in distance (displacement) from the previous measurement at that point in time. For example, if the direction indicated by the dashed dotted arrow in Figure 1 is the positive direction, then a positive value is output as the displacement when the projection device 1 moves in the positive direction, and a negative value is output as the displacement when the projection device 1 moves in the negative direction.

The projection data generation unit 1033 determines the range (view) of the drawing to be projected onto the projection surface 3. In other words, it determines which part of the drawing data to cut out and project onto the projection surface 3. Then, it outputs the drawing data of the range included in the view to the projection unit 1034.

When performing calibration, it is desirable to be able to set the view arbitrarily, for example, according to a user instruction. On the other hand, after performing calibration, the projection data generation unit 1033 automatically redefines the view according to the displacement received from the position calculation unit 1032. Specifically, if the displacement received from the position calculation unit 1032 is +10 mm, the projection data generation unit 1033 shifts the position of the previous view in the positive direction by 10 mm and generates a new view. The projection data generation unit 1033 outputs drawing data of the range included in the determined view to the projection unit 1034.

The projection unit 1034 projects the drawing data received from the data generation unit 1033 onto the projection surface 3 in actual size.

According to this embodiment, the projection device 1 can project actual-size drawing data onto the top surface 21 of the member 2. When the position of the projection device 1 changes, the projection device 1 changes the range of the drawing data to be projected in response to the displacement. Therefore, by moving the projection device 1 along the member 2, the user can visually grasp accurate information such as dimensions and drilling positions over the entire member 2. Conventionally, the user would place a scale on the member 2 while looking at a paper drawing to determine dimensions and drilling positions, and then mark the corresponding positions on the member 2 with a marking needle or pen (scribing). However, with the projection device 1, it is possible to directly grasp accurate information such as dimensions and drilling positions without referring to a paper drawing, etc.

<Embodiment 2>
FIG. 4 is an overall perspective view of a projection device 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
The projection device 1 according to the second embodiment is placed on the flat top surface 21 of the member 2 .

The projection device 1 includes wheels 101, a frame 102 (102a, 102b, 102c, 102d), a projector 103, and a rangefinder 105 (105a, 105b).

The four wheels 101 are in contact with the top surface 21 and support the entire projection device 1.

The framework 102, which is built on wheels 101, supports and fixes the projector 103 and the range finder 105 above the member 2. The framework 102a is made up of two sets of four steel members arranged to surround the member 2, and functions as a guide when the projection device 1 moves in the longitudinal direction of the member 2. Between each set of frameworks 102a, a beam-shaped framework 102b is arranged to straddle the member 2 in the short direction. Since wheels 101 are attached to the frameworks 102b, the projection device 1 can move freely on the floor surface along the longitudinal direction of the member 2. Column-shaped frameworks 102c are arranged on top of the frameworks 102b. A beam-shaped framework 102d is placed between each set of frameworks 102c. The framework 102d is built approximately parallel to the top surface of the member 2.

A projector 103 is attached to the framework 102d. The projector 103 is attached so that the projection direction faces downward, so that a projection surface 3 can be provided on the top surface 21 of the member 2.

Distance meters 105a and 105b are attached to the two frameworks 102b. Distance meters 105a and 105b are typically laser distance meters that measure distances a and b to reflectors 4a and 4b installed at the longitudinal end points of member 2, respectively, and output the measurement results to projector 103.

Projector 103 has a function of projecting drawing data corresponding to the position of projection device 1 onto top surface 21 of component 2. The functional configuration of projector 103 is almost the same as in embodiment 1, but differs in that position calculation unit 1032 receives distance measurement results from two range finders 105a and 105b. Position calculation unit 1032 can calculate displacement more accurately than in embodiment 1, for example, by using the average value of the measurement results of the two range finders as the displacement.

According to this embodiment, the projection device 1 can move on the top surface 21 of the member 2 by means of wheels 101. When the member 2 has height as in the example of FIG. 4, it is difficult to use a floor-moving type projection device 1 as in embodiment 1. However, a top-moving type projection device 1 as in embodiment 2 can be used without problems even in such a case.

In addition, according to this embodiment, the projection device 1 is equipped with two range finders 105a and 105b, making it possible to capture the displacement of the projection device 1 more accurately.

<Third embodiment>
The third embodiment relates to a method for projecting drawing data onto the top surface 21 when the top surface 21 is not a uniformly horizontal plane. Here, when the top surface 21 is not a uniformly horizontal plane, it means, for example, when the projection surface 3 and the top surface 21 are not necessarily parallel due to an inclination or step on the top surface 21.

This embodiment will be described based on the configuration of the first embodiment. In addition to the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the projection device 1 includes a plurality of range finders 106 (106a, 106b, ...). The plurality of range finders 106 are attached to, for example, the framework 102d, and each measure the distance to the top surface 21 of the member 2. The measurement values of the plurality of range finders 106 are each transmitted to the projection data generation unit 1033.

The projection data generating unit 1033 estimates the shape of the top surface 21 based on the difference in the measurement values output by the multiple range finders 106. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, it can recognize that part or all of the top surface 21 is inclined, that there is a step in part of the top surface 21, etc.

The projection data generation unit 1033 corrects the drawing data to be projected (drawing data within the range included in the view) based on the recognized shape of the top surface 21. For example, if the projection range on the top surface 21 includes a slope, the projection data generation unit 1033 performs keystone correction on the drawing data to be projected onto the sloped portion. In addition, if the projection range on the top surface 21 includes a step, the projection data generation unit 1033 performs projection magnification correction on the drawing data to be projected onto the step portion in accordance with the difference in distance from the projector 103. This allows accurate drawing data to be projected without distortion of the image, even on sloped or stepped portions.

According to this embodiment, the projection device 1 can accurately project drawing data onto a component 2 that has a slope, step, etc.

<Other embodiments>
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be appropriately modified within the scope of the present invention. For example, in the above embodiment, a method of obtaining a projected image by shifting a view according to the displacement of the projection device 1 is disclosed. Alternatively, a method of obtaining a projected drawing by mutually converting coordinate systems based on the correspondence (mapping) between a model space and a real space, such as that disclosed in Patent Document 4 (Patent Application No. 2018-170899), may be adopted. This makes it possible to project an accurate drawing even when, for example, the top surface 21 of the member 2 has a complex shape. It is also possible to generate a projected drawing from a 3D model created by 3D CAD or the like.

In the above embodiment, ball rollers and wheels are used as examples of means for moving the projection device 1, but the present invention is not limited to these, and any other moving means, such as rails, may be used. The range finder 105 is not limited to a laser range finder, and any 3D sensor may be used. For example, a small 3D positioning device such as AzureKinect (registered trademark) DK or RealSense is used to determine the unevenness and inclination of the projection surface, and a drawing corresponding to the projection surface is dynamically generated. Furthermore, the structure shown in the above embodiment is merely an example for the framework 102, and any structure may be used as long as it can hold the projector 103, the range finder 105, and the range finder 106 in a predetermined position. For example, a vibration-damping brace can be added to the framework 102 shown in Figures 1 and 4 as appropriate.

Furthermore, each processing unit constituting the present invention may be configured with hardware, or any process may be realized by having a CPU execute a computer program. Furthermore, the computer program may be stored and supplied to a computer using various types of temporary or non-temporary computer-readable media. Temporary computer-readable media include, for example, electromagnetic signals supplied to a computer by wire or wirelessly.

1 Projection device 2 Member 21 Top surface 101 Ball roller (wheel)
102 (102a, 102b, 102c, 102d) Frame 103 Projector 1031 Drawing data storage unit 1032 Position calculation unit 1033 Projection data generation unit 1034 Projection unit 104 (104a, 104b, 104c, 104d, 104e) Base 105 (105a, 105b) Rangefinder 3 Projection surface 4 (4a, 4b) Reflector

Claims (4)

A projection device for projecting a projection image onto a top surface of a member, the projection device having a framework, a range finder, and a projector;
the top surface is at least one flat surface onto which an image can be projected from the projector installed above the component when the component is placed on a floor surface;
the projection image is obtained by cutting out a part of drawing data, which is an image of a drawing showing a position to be cut, a position to be drilled, or a diameter of the member, using a view, which is a partial area set in the drawing data;
a coordinate system of the drawing data is fixed relative to the member, and the view is set at a predetermined position within the coordinate system corresponding to a position of the skeleton;
the framework supports and fixes the projector and the range finder above the member, and is movable along a longitudinal direction of the member and approximately parallel to the top surface;
the range finder constantly measures a distance to an object that is present on an extension of the member in a longitudinal direction and whose position is fixed with respect to the member, and outputs the measurement result to the projector;
The projector includes:
projecting the projection image onto the ceiling surface at actual size;
When the user moves the skeleton,
Calculating a direction and amount of movement of the framework based on a change in the measurement result accompanying the movement;
a projection device for changing the projected image by moving the position of the view within the coordinate system in the movement direction and by the movement amount of the skeleton; The projector includes:
a drawing data storage unit for storing the drawing data;
a projection data generator for generating an image included in the view;
a position calculation unit that calculates a movement amount of the framework in the longitudinal direction based on the measurement result from the distance meter,
The projection device according to claim 1 , wherein the projection data generating unit changes a position of the view within the drawing data in accordance with the amount of movement. The height and inclination of the range finder can be finely adjusted with respect to the top surface.
2. The projection device of claim 1. The frame further includes a plurality of second distance meters that are provided to face the top surface and each measure a distance to the top surface,
The projection device according to claim 1 , wherein the projector determines a shape of the top surface based on the measurement values of the second range finders, and corrects the drawing data to be projected based on the shape.

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