JP7707568B2 - Textile printing apparatus and method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a printing apparatus and a printing method. More specifically, the present invention relates to a printing apparatus and a printing method that suppresses the occurrence of image density differences between the front and back of a fabric while maintaining image quality.

Conventionally, textile printing techniques have been known in which color ink (hereinafter simply referred to as "ink") is used to print on fabric by inkjet printing or screen printing. In textile printing, problems related to the permeability of the ink into the fabric include the occurrence of bleeding, which can degrade image quality, and the problem of the ink concentration being different on the front and back of the fabric. To solve these problems, a textile printing device has been adopted that applies a pretreatment liquid that adjusts the permeability of the ink into the fabric and then performs inkjet printing (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

However, in the textile printing device of Patent Document 1, the treatment with the pretreatment liquid is performed uniformly on the entire fabric. Therefore, for example, the ability to adjust the ink permeability is unified regardless of the color density of the image to be printed. For example, if the permeability is adjusted to match areas of high color density in the image, there is a problem that in areas of low color density, i.e. areas where the amount of ink applied is small, the ink permeability is insufficient and the color density of the back side becomes lighter than that of the front side, or if the permeability is too high, the amount of ink on the front side of the fabric is reduced, resulting in a lighter color density on the front side.

On the other hand, Patent Document 2 describes that the application of the pretreatment liquid impairs the texture of the fabric, and that there is a trade-off between suppressing bleeding and maintaining the texture. To achieve both, the patent describes an image processing device configured to calculate the application position and amount of pretreatment liquid containing a functional material that suppresses the wetting and spreading of ink based on information about the substrate of the fabric and image data to be printed on the fabric, in an inkjet textile printing device equipped with a pretreatment means that uses a pretreatment liquid, and apply the pretreatment liquid to the fabric. Specifically, Patent Document 2 describes that it is possible to achieve both the texture of the fabric and suppression of bleeding by applying the pretreatment liquid near the contours of the image.

However, the configuration of the image processing device described in Patent Document 2 does not adequately solve the problem of images, particularly color densities, differing between the front and back sides of a fabric.

JP 2005-246734 A International Publication No. 2018/012229

The present invention was made in consideration of the above problems and circumstances, and the problem to be solved is to provide a printing device and a printing method that suppresses the occurrence of image density differences between the front and back of a fabric while maintaining image quality.

In the process of investigating the causes of the above problem, the inventors discovered that by creating a penetration image that shows the distribution of the desired penetration of the color ink into the fabric, and controlling the application amount of the functional ink that adjusts the penetration of the color ink and the application amount of the color ink accordingly, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of density differences in images on the front and back of the fabric while maintaining image quality, which led to the present invention. In other words, the above problem according to the present invention is solved by the following means.

1. A textile printing apparatus having a fabric pre-treatment section, a printing section that applies a color ink to the fabric to print an image, and a control section,
the pre-treatment unit performs a process for adjusting the permeability of the color ink into the fabric,
the control unit controls the permeability adjustment process in the pre-processing unit so that the permeability increases as the permeability increases according to a penetration image representing a distribution of the penetration of the color ink into the fabric in an image printed by the printing unit, and controls the application amount of the color ink in the printing unit so that the application amount increases as the permeability increases ,
A textile printing apparatus characterized in that the pre-treatment section has a mechanism for applying a functional ink containing a permeation suppressor or a permeation enhancer to the fabric by an inkjet method, and the control section controls the application amount and application position of the functional ink in accordance with the penetration degree image .

2. The textile printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the control unit adjusts the penetration degree image in accordance with the information on the aspect of the fabric.

3. The textile printing apparatus according to item 2, characterized in that the information on the aspect of the fabric is at least one selected from the type of fiber constituting the fabric, the thickness of the fabric, the fiber density of the fabric, the ratio of chemical fibers in the fibers constituting the fabric, the weaving method of the fabric, and the thickness of the fibers constituting the fabric.

4. The textile printing apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 3 , wherein the control unit adjusts the penetration image in accordance with an environmental temperature and an environmental relative humidity.

5. The textile printing apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 4 , characterized in that the penetration image is an image set so that the penetration increases according to the color density of the image printed by the printing unit.

6. The textile printing apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 5 , characterized in that the penetration image is an image that targets a non-edge portion excluding an edge portion having a predetermined width from the image printed by the printing unit.

7. The textile printing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that a penetration image defined by a user is used as the penetration image.
8. The textile printing apparatus according to paragraph 1, wherein the mechanism for applying the functional ink applies at least one of a first functional ink containing the permeation suppression agent and a second functional ink containing the permeation accelerator.
9. The textile printing apparatus according to item 8, further comprising applying a functional ink selected from the first functional ink and the second functional ink in accordance with the penetration degree.
10. The textile printing apparatus according to item 8, wherein a functional ink selected from the first functional ink and the second functional ink is applied depending on the type of the fabric.
11. The textile printing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mechanism includes a first mechanism for applying a functional ink containing the permeation suppression agent, and a second mechanism for applying a functional ink containing the permeation accelerator.

12. A textile printing method comprising a fabric pretreatment step, a printing step of applying a color ink to the fabric to print an image, and a control step,
the pretreatment step includes performing a treatment to adjust the permeability of the color ink into the fabric,
the control step controls the permeability adjustment process in the pretreatment step so that the permeability increases as the permeability increases according to a penetration image that represents a distribution of the penetration of the colorant ink on the fabric in an image printed by the printing step, and controls the application amount of the colorant ink in the printing step so that the application amount increases as the permeability increases ;
the pretreatment step is carried out by a mechanism that applies a functional ink containing a permeation suppressor or a permeation enhancer to the fabric by an inkjet method;
The textile printing method, wherein the control step includes controlling an application amount and an application position of the functional ink in accordance with the penetration degree image.

The above-mentioned means of the present invention can provide a printing apparatus and a printing method that suppresses the occurrence of image density differences between the front and back of a fabric while maintaining image quality. The mechanism of expression or action of the effects of the present invention is speculated to be as follows.

In the present invention, when printing on a fabric, a penetration image is created that shows the distribution of the penetration required for the color ink in the image to be printed, and pretreatment is performed according to the penetration image so that the higher the penetration, the greater the permeability, and the amount of color ink applied is increased as the penetration increases.

This increases the permeability of the color ink in areas of the printed image where an increased amount of the color ink is required to be applied to the fabric, i.e., areas where increased permeability of the color ink is required, and as a result, it becomes possible to apply the desired amount of color ink. In this way, for example, in areas where it is desired to fully permeate the color ink to the back side of the fabric, printing can be performed with almost no difference in density between the front and back sides of the fabric, without causing deterioration in image quality such as bleeding.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a textile printing apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a main part of a control system of the textile printing apparatus shown in FIG.

The textile printing device of the present invention is a textile printing device having a pre-treatment section for a fabric, a printing section for applying color ink to the fabric to print an image, and a control section, wherein the pre-treatment section performs a process for adjusting the permeability of the color ink into the fabric, and the control section controls the permeability adjustment process in the pre-treatment section so that the higher the permeability, the greater the permeability, according to a permeability image representing the distribution of the permeability of the color ink into the fabric in an image printed by the printing section, and controls the application amount of the color ink in the printing section so that the higher the permeability, the greater the permeability. This feature is a technical feature common to the inventions according to each claim.

In an embodiment of the textile printing device of the present invention, from the viewpoint of realizing the effects of the present invention, it is preferable that the pre-treatment section has a mechanism for applying a functional ink containing a permeation suppressor or a permeation enhancer to the fabric by an inkjet method, and the control section controls the application amount and application position of the functional ink according to the penetration degree image.

In an embodiment of the textile printing device of the present invention, it is preferable that the control unit adjusts the penetration image according to the aspect information of the fabric. In an aspect in which the functional ink is used, the application amount of the functional ink and the application amount of the coloring ink are changed accordingly. It is preferable that the aspect information of the fabric is at least one selected from the type of fiber constituting the fabric, the thickness of the fabric, the fiber density of the fabric, the chemical fiber ratio in the fibers constituting the fabric, the weaving method of the fabric, and the thickness of the fibers constituting the fabric.

It is also preferable that the control unit adjusts the penetration image in accordance with the environmental temperature and the environmental relative humidity. In the embodiment using the functional ink, the application amount of the functional ink and the application amount of the color ink are changed accordingly.

In an embodiment of the textile printing device of the present invention, from the viewpoint of realizing the effects of the present invention, it is preferable that the penetration image is an image in which the penetration is set to increase according to the color density of the image printed by the printing unit.

In an embodiment of the printing device of the present invention, from the viewpoint of realizing the effects of the present invention, it is preferable that the penetration image is an image that targets a non-edge portion excluding an edge portion having a predetermined width from the image printed by the printing unit.

In an embodiment of the textile printing device of the present invention, from the viewpoint of realizing the effects of the present invention, it is preferable to use a penetration depth image defined by the user as the penetration depth image.

The textile printing method of the present invention is a textile printing method having a pretreatment process for a fabric, a printing process for applying a coloring ink to the fabric to print an image, and a control process, characterized in that the pretreatment process adjusts the permeability of the coloring ink into the fabric, and the control process controls the permeability adjustment process in the pretreatment process so that the higher the permeability, the greater the permeability, according to a permeability image that represents the distribution of the permeability of the coloring ink into the fabric in the image printed by the printing process, and controls the application amount of the coloring ink in the printing process so that the higher the permeability, the greater the permeability.

The present invention, its components, and the modes and aspects for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples. The illustrated example of the textile printing device can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. In this application, "~" is used to mean that the numerical values before and after it are included as the lower and upper limits.

[Textile printing equipment]
The textile printing apparatus of the present invention has a pretreatment section, a printing section, and a control section, and each section operates as follows.

The pre-treatment section performs a process for adjusting the permeability of the color ink into the fabric.
The printing section applies color ink to the fabric to print an image.
The control unit controls the pre-treatment unit and the printing unit according to the penetration degree image as follows (1-1) and (1-2), respectively.

(1-1) The permeability adjustment process in the pretreatment section is controlled so that the higher the permeability, the greater the permeability.
(1-2) The amount of color ink applied in the printing section is controlled so as to increase as the degree of penetration increases.

The penetration image is an image that represents the distribution of the penetration of the color ink into the fabric (also referred to simply as "penetration" in this specification), and this penetration is the penetration obtained in the image printed by the printing unit (hereinafter also referred to as the "printed image").

In the textile printing device, the application position and application amount of the color ink are determined based on the printed image. The unit of the application area of the color ink is, for example, the pixel unit. The penetration degree is set in units of the application area of the color ink, for example, the pixel unit. The penetration degree image is an image that shows the distribution of the penetration degree determined in units of application of the color ink, for example, in pixel units.

When the penetration degree is set on a pixel-by-pixel basis, the penetration degree at any pixel unit is determined, for example, by selecting a specific reference fabric (fabric with specified type of fiber constituting the fabric, thickness of the fabric, fiber density of the fabric, ratio of chemical fibers in the fibers constituting the fabric, weaving method of the fabric, and thickness of the fibers constituting the fabric, etc.) as the reference fabric, and the penetration depth of the ink in a reference environment (specific environmental temperature and environmental relative humidity) for the reference fabric that has not been pretreated is set as the reference penetration degree.

Specifically, the penetration of the color ink in a reference environment for a fabric that has not been pretreated (reference fabric) is set as a reference value of "1," and the penetration required for that pixel unit based on the printed image is set as a relative value to the reference value. Specifically, the penetration can be measured as the penetration depth of a given amount of color ink in the thickness direction of the fabric. If the absolute value of the reference penetration is small, the penetration is adjusted to increase the penetration. In this case, for example, if the minimum value of the penetration is set to 1 and the penetration required for that pixel unit based on the printed image is 1.5 times the reference value, the penetration image is created with the penetration set to 1.5.

On the other hand, if the absolute value of the reference penetration level is sufficiently large, the penetration level is adjusted to decrease the penetration level. In this case, for example, if the maximum penetration level is 1 and the penetration level required for the pixel unit based on the printed image is 0.5 times the reference value, the penetration level image is created with a penetration level of 0.5.

Here, the penetration level required for the pixel unit based on the printed image is, for example, set high in accordance with the high color density in the printed image. A detailed explanation will be given in the explanation of the control unit later.

The process of adjusting the permeability of the color ink into the fabric, which is performed by the pretreatment section of the textile printing device of the present invention, is preferably a process of applying a functional ink containing a permeation inhibitor or a permeation promoter to the fabric. The functional ink containing a permeation promoter is used, for example, when the absolute value of the reference permeability described above is small. The functional ink containing a permeation inhibitor is used, for example, when the absolute value of the reference permeability described above is sufficiently large. In addition, the application of the functional ink is preferably performed by an inkjet method. In this case, the control section controls, for example, the application amount and application position of the functional ink according to the above-mentioned permeability image.

The textile printing apparatus of the present invention will be described below using as an example a textile printing apparatus in which pretreatment is performed using functional ink as shown in FIG. 1, but the present invention is not limited to this. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a textile printing apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the main parts of the control system of the textile printing apparatus shown in FIG. 1.

The textile printing device 100 shown in FIG. 1 includes a fabric payout section 101 that pays out the fabric T1, a transport section 103 that transports the fabric, a pre-treatment section 10 that applies functional ink Pr to the fabric T1, a printing section 20 that applies colorant ink In to the pre-treated fabric T2 (hereinafter also referred to as "pre-treated fabric T2"), a drying section 105 that dries the colorant ink In, etc., a fabric recovery section 102 that recovers the printed fabric T3 (hereinafter also referred to as "printed fabric T3"), and a control section 30 that controls each component.

In FIG. 1, the conveying direction of the fabric T1 is indicated by an arrow. In the printing apparatus 100, the essential components are the pre-treatment section 10, the printing section 20, and the control section 30. The printing apparatus 100 may have other components in addition to the components shown in FIG. 1 as necessary. Examples of other components include a functional ink drying section that dries the functional ink Pr between the pre-treatment section 10 and the printing section 20, and a fixing section that is provided downstream in the conveying direction of the drying section 105. Each component of the printing apparatus 100 will be described below.

(Fabric payout section)
The fabric T1 is placed in a fabric pay-out section 101 provided on the upstream side of the pre-treatment section 10 in the conveying direction. The fabric pay-out section 101 includes a rotating shaft on which the rolled fabric T1 is attached, and a motor (not shown) that rotates the rotating shaft in a predetermined rotation direction. The fabric pay-out section 101 pays out the fabric T1 downstream in the conveying direction along the rotation of the rotating shaft by driving the motor. The fabric T1 may be a continuous fabric as described above, or may be a fabric separated into individual pieces.

(Transportation section)
The conveying unit 103 conveys the fabric T1 paid out from the fabric pay-out unit 101. In the configuration shown in Fig. 1, the fabric T1 is conveyed by conveying rollers, but for example, the fabric T1 may be attached to a conveying belt and conveyed.

(Pretreatment section)
The pre-treatment section 10 is a member that performs a process of applying a functional ink Pr containing a permeation suppressant or a permeation promoter to the fabric T1. Specific examples of the pre-treatment section 10 include a functional ink application device. The application of the functional ink Pr in the pre-treatment section 10 is performed by controlling the application amount, application position, and the like by the control section 30. The control section 30 controls the pre-treatment section 10 in accordance with a penetration degree image. In order to apply the functional ink Pr corresponding to the penetration degree image, the inkjet method is preferably used as the application method for the pre-treatment section 10.

When the inkjet method is used as the application method for the functional ink, the functional ink application device has a head that ejects the functional ink and a carriage on which the head is mounted. The head and carriage can be configured in the same way as the head and carriage in the color ink application device described below.

Regarding the functional ink Pr, for example, when a fabric with good permeability for the color ink is used, a functional ink Pr containing a permeation suppressant (hereinafter also referred to as a "permeation suppression ink") is used. On the other hand, when a fabric with insufficient permeability for the color ink is used, a functional ink Pr containing a permeation promoter (hereinafter also referred to as a "permeation promotion ink") is used. It is possible to use one type of permeation suppression ink or one type of permeation promotion ink alone or in combination of two or more types, but since this complicates the device and control program, it is preferable to use, for example, one type of permeation suppression ink or one type of permeation promotion ink depending on the type of fabric.

The functional ink application device may have two heads, one for the permeation suppression ink and the other for the permeation promotion ink, and may be operated to use either head depending on the type of fabric. Alternatively, the functional ink application device may have one head, and the functional ink Pr supplied to the head may be either the permeation suppression ink or the permeation promotion ink depending on the type of fabric.

The pre-processing unit 10 is controlled by the control unit 30 as described above in (1-1). Specifically, the pre-processing unit 10 controls the application amount of the functional ink Pr so that the higher the penetration in the penetration image, the greater the permeability. The control of (1-1) is performed as follows for the permeation suppression ink and the permeation promotion ink.

When using a permeation suppression ink, the amount of permeation suppression ink applied is set to be smaller in pixel regions with higher permeation in the permeation image, and the amount of permeation suppression ink applied is set to be larger in pixel regions with lower permeation. When using a permeation suppression ink, the relationship between the permeation and the amount of permeation suppression ink applied can be expressed as a first-order polynomial with a negative proportionality coefficient.

When using a permeation-promoting ink, the amount of permeation-promoting ink applied is set to be greater in pixel regions with higher permeability in the permeation image, and the amount of permeation-suppressing ink applied is set to be smaller in pixel regions with lower permeability. When using a permeation-promoting ink, the relationship between the permeability and the amount of permeation-promoting ink applied can be expressed as a first-order polynomial with a positive proportionality coefficient.

<Functional ink>
The permeation suppressing ink can be used without any particular limitation as long as it has a function of suppressing the permeability of the color ink. Specifically, the permeation suppressing ink is preferably a permeation suppressing ink containing a flocculant that has a function of flocculating the color ink. Hereinafter, the permeation suppressing ink will be described taking a permeation suppressing ink containing a flocculant as an example.

The penetration-promoting ink can be any ink that has the function of promoting the penetration of the colorant ink, without any particular restrictions. Specifically, the penetration-promoting ink is preferably a penetration-promoting ink that contains a penetrant that improves the wettability of the colorant ink to the fabric. Below, the penetration-promoting ink will be described using a penetration-promoting ink that contains a penetrant as an example.

Penetration-suppressing ink
The permeation suppression ink is applied to the fabric by, for example, an inkjet method. When the permeation suppression ink is applied by the inkjet method, the viscosity of the ink is adjusted by adding a solvent to the coagulant so that the ink can be ejected from the nozzles of an inkjet head (hereinafter also simply referred to as a "head"). The permeation suppression ink contains, for example, a coagulant, and can further contain water, an organic solvent, and a surfactant as basic components.

When application is performed by an inkjet method, the viscosity of the permeation suppression ink is preferably in the range of 1 to 40 mPa·s, and more preferably in the range of 5 to 10 mPa·s. The viscosity of the permeation suppression ink can be measured at 25°C using an E-type viscometer. The rotation speed can be set according to the viscosity, and can be, for example, 10 rpm or 20 rpm. Unless otherwise specified, the viscosity in this specification is the viscosity at 25°C measured by the above method.

[Flocculant]
The flocculant preferably contains any one of a water-soluble cationic polymer, an organic acid, or a polyvalent metal salt, and more preferably contains a water-soluble cationic polymer or a polyvalent metal salt.

The water-soluble cationic polymer and polyvalent metal salt can aggregate anionic components in the color ink (e.g., components having anionic groups in pigments, dyes, dispersion polymers, polymeric microparticles, etc.) by salting out. The organic acid can aggregate anionic components in the ink by changing the pH.

When organic acids are used, the pH generally becomes acidic. This can cause deterioration of resins such as adhesives used in the head, resulting in poor head resistance. Polyvalent metal salts have a pH in the neutral to slightly alkaline range, and the pH of water-soluble cationic polymers can also be adjusted to the neutral range by appropriately selecting the product number, etc. Thus, from the viewpoint of being able to adjust the pH to an appropriate range, it is more preferable that the flocculant is a water-soluble cationic polymer or a polyvalent metal salt.

The water-soluble cationic polymer is a water-soluble resin having a cationic group. Examples of the cationic group include primary to tertiary amino groups and quaternary ammonium salts. Examples of the water-soluble cationic polymer include (co)polymers obtained by homopolymerizing or copolymerizing monomers having a cationic group such as allylamine, diallylamine, alkyleneamine, dimethylallylamine, methyldiallylamine, and diallyldimethylammonium chloride, and ring-opening polymers of cyclic amines such as aziridine (ethyleneimine). The above monomers may be hydrochlorides, sulfates, acetates, and the like. The water-soluble cationic polymer may also be a copolymer of the above monomers and sulfur dioxide.

Furthermore, the water-soluble cationic polymer may be a copolymer of the above monomers with a monomer having a vinyl group other than the above monomers, such as acrylamide, acrylate, methacrylate, arylate, styrene, etc.

Examples of water-soluble cationic polymers include polyallylamine, allylamine-diallylamine copolymers, polydiallylamine, polymethyldiallylamine, diallylamine sulfur dioxide copolymers, methyldiallylamine sulfur dioxide copolymers, polyvinylamine, polyethyleneimine, polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride, etc. Examples of water-soluble cationic polymers also include (co)polymers in which the constituent monomers in the (co)polymers are hydrochlorides, sulfates, acetates, etc.

Examples of commercially available water-soluble cationic polymers include KHE100L and FPA100L manufactured by Senka Corporation, and the PAA series and PAS series (PAS-92A, PAS-M-1A, PAS-21CL, PAS-J-81, etc.) manufactured by Nittobo Medical Co., Ltd.

When the permeation suppression ink contains a water-soluble cationic polymer as a flocculant, the permeation suppression ink may contain polymer microparticles mainly composed of acrylic polymers in order to improve the fixation of the colorant. The glass transition temperature of the polymer constituting the microparticles is preferably -10°C or lower, and the mass average molecular weight is preferably 100,000 or more. When the permeation suppression ink is applied by the inkjet method, from the viewpoint of ejection from the head, the polymer microparticles preferably have a particle diameter of 50 to 500 nm as measured by the light scattering method. Furthermore, from the above viewpoint, it is preferable that the ink does not contain polymer microparticles.

The organic acid is capable of aggregating the pigment contained in the color ink, and preferably has a first dissociation constant of 3.5 or less, preferably in the range of 1.5 to 3.5.

Furthermore, by using an organic acid, the storage stability of the permeation-suppressing ink is easily maintained, and blocking is less likely to occur after the permeation-suppressing ink is applied and dried. From the above viewpoint, preferred organic acids include formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, oxalic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, citric acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, maleic acid, benzoic acid, 2-pyrrolidone-5-carboxylic acid, lactic acid, acrylic acid and its derivatives, methacrylic acid and its derivatives, or compounds having a carboxy group including acrylamide and its derivatives, sulfonic acid derivatives, or phosphoric acid and its derivatives.

The content of the organic acid in the permeation suppression ink may be an amount that adjusts the pH of the permeation suppression ink to less than the first dissociation constant of the organic acid. By including an amount of organic acid in the permeation suppression ink that adjusts the pH of the permeation suppression ink to less than the first dissociation constant of the organic acid, bleeding during high-speed printing can be effectively suppressed.

Examples of the polyvalent metal salts include water-soluble salts such as calcium salts, magnesium salts, aluminum salts, and zinc salts. Compounds that form salts with polyvalent metals include hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, thiocyanic acid, and organic carboxylic acids and organic sulfonic acids such as acetic acid, oxalic acid, lactic acid, fumaric acid, citric acid, salicylic acid, and benzoic acid.

The coagulant is preferably contained in an amount of 5% by mass or less relative to the total amount of the permeation suppression ink, and a content of 1 to 4% by mass can effectively coagulate the anionic components in the color ink.

The content of the coagulant in the permeation suppression ink can be measured by a known method. For example, if the coagulant is a polyvalent metal salt, the content can be measured by ICP emission analysis, and if the coagulant is an acid, the content can be measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

[Water, organic solvent and surfactant]
The water contained in the permeation suppressing ink according to the present invention is not particularly limited, and may be ion-exchanged water, distilled water, or pure water. The water content in the permeation suppressing ink is not particularly limited, but is preferably within the range of 45 to 80 mass %.

The permeation suppressing ink according to the present invention may contain an organic solvent in addition to water as a solvent. As the organic solvent, a water-soluble organic solvent can be suitably used. Examples of water-soluble organic solvents include alcohols, polyhydric alcohols, amines, amides, glycol ethers, and 1,2-alkanediols having 4 or more carbon atoms.

Examples of alcohols include methanol, ethanol, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 2-butanol, 2-methyl-1-propanol, t-butanol, 3-methoxy-1-butanol, 3-methoxy-3-methylbutanol, 1-octanol, 2-octanol, n-nonyl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, n-undecyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, and benzyl alcohol.

Examples of polyhydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycols with 5 or more ethylene oxide groups, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, tripropylene glycol, polypropylene glycols with 4 or more propylene oxide groups, butylene glycol, hexanediol, pentanediol, glycerin, hexanetriol, and thiodiglycol.

Examples of amines include ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, N-methyldiethanolamine, N-ethyldiethanolamine, morpholine, N-ethylmorpholine, ethylenediamine, diethylenediamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, polyethyleneimine, pentamethyldiethylenetriamine, and tetramethylpropylenediamine.

Examples of amides include formamide, N,N-dimethylformamide, and N,N-dimethylacetamide.

Examples of glycol ethers include ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, triethylene glycol monobutyl ether, propylene glycol monopropyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, and tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether.

Examples of 1,2-alkanediols having 4 or more carbon atoms include 1,2-butanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,2-hexanediol, and 1,2-heptanediol.

The permeation suppression ink can contain one or a combination of two or more organic solvents selected from these. The content of the organic solvent in the permeation suppression ink is not particularly limited, but is preferably within the range of 10 to 50% by mass.

The permeation suppression ink according to the present invention may contain a surfactant in order to improve the ejection stability from the nozzle and the drying property after application to the fabric when applied by the inkjet method. There are no particular limitations on the surfactant that can be used, but when the constituent components of the permeation suppression ink contain a cationic compound, the ionicity of the surfactant is preferably cationic, nonionic, or betaine type. Specific examples of surfactants include those described in the section on penetrants below. Note that even when the permeation suppression ink contains a surfactant (penetrant), it still functions to suppress the permeability of the color ink by the action of a coagulant, etc.

The amount of surfactant contained in the permeation suppression ink is not particularly limited, but is preferably within the range of 0.05 to 3% by mass.

The permeation suppression ink may contain other ingredients such as crosslinking agents, antifungal agents, and bactericides as appropriate, provided that the effects of the present invention are not impaired.

Furthermore, for example, ultraviolet absorbents described in JP-A-57-74193, JP-A-57-87988 and JP-A-62-261476, discoloration inhibitors described in JP-A-57-74192, JP-A-57-87989, JP-A-60-72785, JP-A-61-146591, JP-A-1-95091 and JP-A-3-13376, anions, It can also contain various known additives such as various cationic or nonionic surfactants, fluorescent brighteners described in JP-A-59-42993, JP-A-59-52689, JP-A-62-280069, JP-A-61-242871, and JP-A-4-219266, antifoaming agents, lubricants such as diethylene glycol, preservatives, thickeners, antistatic agents, etc.

Penetration-promoting ink
The permeation-promoting ink is applied to the fabric by, for example, an inkjet method. When the permeation-promoting ink is applied by the inkjet method, the viscosity of the ink is adjusted to the same level as that of the permeation-suppressing ink by, for example, adding a solvent to the penetrant. The permeation-promoting ink contains, for example, a penetrant, and may further contain water and an organic solvent as basic components.

[Penetrating agent]
Specific examples of the penetrating agent include compounds having a lactam structure and surfactants.

Examples of compounds having a lactam structure include 2-pyrrolidone, 2-acetidinone, 2-piperidone, ε-caprolactam, 4-ethyl-2-acetidinone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, and 3-amino-2-piperidone.

Preferably, the surfactant used is a fluorine-based or silicone-based surfactant that has a high static surface tension reducing ability, an anionic surfactant such as dioctyl sulfosuccinate that has a high dynamic surface tension reducing ability, or a nonionic surfactant such as relatively low molecular weight polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, acetylene glycols, Pluronic surfactants (Pluronic is a registered trademark), or sorbitan derivatives. It is also preferable to use a fluorine-based or silicone-based surfactant in combination with a surfactant that has a high dynamic surface tension reducing ability.

The silicone surfactant is preferably a polyether-modified polysiloxane compound, such as KF-351A and KF-642 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., BYK345, BYK347, and BYK348 manufactured by BYK-Chemie, and Tegowet 260 manufactured by Evonik.

The above-mentioned fluorosurfactants refer to surfactants in which the hydrogen atoms bonded to the carbon of the hydrophobic group of a normal surfactant have been partially or entirely replaced with fluorine. Among these, those having a perfluoroalkyl group in the molecule are preferred.

Some of the above fluorine-based surfactants are commercially available under the trade names Megafac F from DIC, Surflon from AGC, Fluorad FC from Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, Monflor from Imperial Chemical Industries, Zonyls from E.I. duPont Nemerus & Co., and Licowet VPF from Farbewerke-Hoechst.

As surfactants, acetylene glycol surfactants and acetylene alcohol surfactants are also preferably used.

The acetylene glycol surfactant and the acetylene alcohol surfactant are not particularly limited, but are preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol, alkylene oxide adducts of 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decyne-4,7-diol, and alkylene oxide adducts of 2,4-dimethyl-5-decyne-4-ol and 2,4-dimethyl-5-decyne-4-ol. These are available as commercial products such as the Olfin 104 series, the E series such as Olfin E1010, Olfin PD002W002, Surfynol 465, Surfynol 61 (trade name, manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.), and Pelex SS-H (trade name, manufactured by Kao Chemical Co., Ltd.).

The content of the penetrant in the penetration-promoting ink is adjusted appropriately depending on the type of penetrant, taking into consideration the penetration-enhancing effect and viscosity. The content of the compound having a lactam structure is preferably 20% by mass or more, and more preferably 25 to 55% by mass, based on the total amount of the penetration-promoting ink. The content of the surfactant is preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass, and more preferably 0.2 to 3.0% by mass, based on the total amount of the penetration-promoting ink.

When the penetration-promoting ink contains a surfactant as a penetrating agent, the penetration-promoting ink may contain a chelating agent or an aromatic compound to improve ejection stability when used in an inkjet method.

Examples of chelating agents include compounds such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediaminetriacetic acid, ethylenediaminesuccinic acid, iminodisulfosuccinic acid, dicarboxymethylglutamic acid, bis(2-aminoethyl)ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid, bis(2-aminophenyl)ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid, bis(2-hydroxyethyl)glycine, 1,2-diaminocyclohexanetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, iminodiacetic acid, N-(2-hydroxyethyl)iminodiacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, nitrilotrimethylphosphate, triethylenetetraaminehexaacetic acid, and tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine.

The chelating agent may be, for example, a resin having a coordinating group, such as a phenolic resin, a styrene resin, an acrylic resin, or an epoxy resin.

The chelating agent may be a salt of the above-mentioned compound or resin with a metal ion or a cation such as NH ⁴⁺ , UO ²²⁺ , VO ²⁺ , etc. The chelating agent may be a hydrate of the above-mentioned compound, resin, or a salt thereof.

Preferred aromatic compounds are compounds having a benzene ring or naphthalene ring with a specific substituent, such as aromatic sulfonate compounds, aromatic carboxylic acid compounds, and aromatic phosphate compounds.

The content of the chelating agent is preferably 0.001 to 0.1% by mass based on the total amount of the penetration-promoting ink. The content of the aromatic compound is preferably 0.01 to 50% by mass based on the total amount of the penetration-promoting ink, and more preferably 0.1 to 20% by mass.

[Water and organic solvents]
Specific examples of the water and organic solvent in the permeation-promoting ink may be the same as those in the permeation-suppressing ink. It is preferable to appropriately adjust the contents of the water and organic solvent depending on the type of the penetrant so that the viscosity falls within the above-mentioned preferred range.

In addition, the penetration-promoting ink may contain other ingredients similar to those in the penetration-suppressing ink, as appropriate, to the extent that the effects of the present invention are not impaired.

(Functional ink drying section)
The textile printing apparatus 100 may have a functional ink drying section between the pre-treatment section 10 and the printing section 20, if necessary. The functional ink drying section dries the functional ink Pr applied in the pre-treatment section 10. The drying means is not particularly limited, and is preferably hot air, a hot plate, or heating with a heat roller. From the viewpoint of sufficiently removing the solvent component in a short time, heat drying is more preferable. The drying temperature is preferably within the range of 100 to 130°C.

(Printing section)
The printing unit 20 is a member that applies the color ink In to the fabric T2 that has been pretreated, i.e., that has been applied with the functional ink Pr. Specific examples of the printing unit 20 include a color ink application device. The application of the color ink In in the printing unit 20 is performed by controlling the application amount, application position, and the like by the control unit 30.

The control unit 30 controls the printing unit 20 in accordance with the penetration image and the printed image. In particular, the amount of color ink In applied is controlled as described above in (1-2) in accordance with the penetration image. In order to apply the color ink In corresponding to the penetration image and the printed image, the inkjet method is preferably used as the application method for the printing unit 20.

When the inkjet method is used as the method for applying color ink, the color ink application device has a head that ejects the color ink and a carriage on which the head is mounted. The head has heads that eject four color inks, for example, cyan, magenta, yellow, and black. In this specification, the colors are represented as "C" for cyan, "M" for magenta, "Y" for yellow, and "K" for black.

The method of ejecting color inks in each of the CMYK heads that make up the head is not particularly limited, and may be either an on-demand type or a continuous type. Examples of on-demand type heads include electro-mechanical conversion types, including single cavity type, double cavity type, bender type, piston type, share mode type, and shared wall type, as well as electro-thermal conversion types, including thermal inkjet type and bubble jet type ("Bubble Jet" is a registered trademark of Canon Inc.).

Among the above heads, on-demand type heads are preferred, and heads that use piezoelectric elements as the electromechanical conversion elements used in the electromechanical conversion method (also called "piezo type inkjet heads") are preferred.

The colorant ink application device may be of either a scanning type or a line type. In the case of a scanning type, the carriage moves the head in the width direction of the pretreated fabric T2, which is perpendicular to the transport direction of the pretreated fabric T2, to perform printing. The direction in which the head moves is called the "scanning direction."

The surface (nozzle surface) of each CMYK head facing the surface of the pre-treated fabric T2 has multiple nozzles arranged along a transport direction perpendicular to the scanning direction, and the colorant ink is ejected as tiny droplets from these nozzles by applying appropriate pressure to the colorant ink. The colorant ink application device is supported by a carriage with the nozzle surface of the head spaced a predetermined distance from the surface of the pre-treated fabric T2 in a direction perpendicular to the surface (height direction).

The color ink application device further has a carriage drive mechanism that supports the carriage so that it can move back and forth in the scanning direction. The carriage drive mechanism includes, for example, a motor and transmission device that serve as a power source, and sensors such as an encoder.

When the colorant ink application device is a line type, the colorant ink application device has a length equal to or greater than the width of the pretreated fabric T2, and the heads corresponding to the colorant inks of each color CMYK are arranged in sequence along the transport direction of the pretreated fabric T2.

In a line-type colorant ink application device, a single head may be used that is equal to or greater than the width of the pretreated fabric T2, or multiple heads may be combined to be equal to or greater than the width of the pretreated fabric T2. Multiple heads may also be arranged side by side with their nozzles staggered to increase the resolution of the heads as a whole. Multiple such colorant ink application devices may also be arranged side by side along the transport direction of the fabric.

In the textile printing device 100 in FIG. 1, the functional ink application device and the color ink application device are provided separately, but they may be provided as an integrated unit. In that case, the head for the functional ink and the head for the color ink can be mounted in that order on the same carriage.

<Coloring ink>
The colorant ink used in the textile printing apparatus of the present invention typically contains a colorant, water, and a water-soluble organic solvent. The colorant ink preferably further contains a hydrophobic polymer. The viscosity of the colorant ink at 25° C. is preferably adjusted to be in the range of 6 to 20 mPa·s.

If the viscosity of the color ink is 6 mPa·s or more, the meniscus of the color ink near the nozzle outlet is less likely to become unstable even when ejected at a high ejection frequency, so a decrease in ejection stability can be suppressed. If the viscosity of the color ink is 20 mPa·s or less, nozzle clogging can be suppressed. From the same perspective, it is more preferable that the viscosity of the color ink is within the range of 7 to 15 mPa·s.

The viscosity of the color ink can be adjusted by the color ink composition, such as the color ink content, the hydrophobic polymer content, the solvent composition, etc. From the viewpoint of increasing the viscosity appropriately, it is preferable to set the color ink content to a certain level or more, to set the content of a water-soluble organic solvent having a high viscosity, such as a polyhydric alcohol including trihydric or higher alcohols such as glycerin, to a certain level or more, or to set the content of a hydrophobic polymer to a certain level or more, and more preferably to combine two or more of these.

[Coloring material]
The coloring material is not particularly limited, and is preferably, for example, a pigment or a dye. The pigment is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, an organic pigment or an inorganic pigment having the following numbers described in the Color Index.

Examples of red or magenta pigments include Pigment Red 3, 5, 19, 22, 31, 38, 43, 48:1, 48:2, 48:3, 48:4, 48:5, 49:1, 53:1, 57:1, 57:2, 58:4, 63:1, 81, 81:1, 81:2, 81:3, 81:4, 88, 104, 108, 112, 122, 123, 144, 146, 149, 166, 168, 169, 170, 177, 178, 179, 184, 185, 208, 216, 226, 257, Pigment Violet 3, 19, 23, 29, 30, 37, 50, 88, Pigment Includes Orange 13, 16, 20, and 36.

Examples of blue or cyan pigments include Pigment Blue 1, 15, 15:1, 15:2, 15:3, 15:4, 15:6, 16, 17-1, 22, 27, 28, 29, 36, 60.

Examples of green pigments include Pigment Green 7, 26, 36, and 50. Examples of yellow pigments include Pigment Yellow 1, 3, 12, 13, 14, 17, 34, 35, 37, 55, 74, 81, 83, 93, 94, 95, 97, 108, 109, 110, 137, 138, 139, 153, 154, 155, 157, 166, 167, 168, 180, 185, and 193.

Examples of black pigments include Pigment Black 7, 28, and 26.

Examples of commercially available pigments include Chromofine Yellow 2080, 5900, 5930, AF-1300, 2700L, Chromofine Orange 3700L, 6730, Chromofine Scarlet 6750, Chromofine Magenta 6880, 6886, 6891N, 6790, 6887, Chromofine Violet RE, Chromofine Red 6820, 6830, Chromofine Blue HS-3, 5187, 5108, 5197, 5085N, SR-5020, 5026, 5050, 4920, 4927, 4937, 4824, 4933GN-EP, 4940, 4973, 5205, 5208, 5214, 5221, 5000P , Chromofine Green 2GN, 2GO, 2G-550D, 5310, 5370, 6830, Chromofine Black A-1103, Seika Fast Yellow 10GH, A-3, 2035, 2054, 2200, 2270, 2300, 2400 (B), 2500, 2600, ZAY-260, 2700 (B), 2770 , Seika Fast Red 8040, C405 (F), CA120, LR-116, 1531B, 8060R, 1547, ZAW-262, 1537B, GY, 4R-4016, 3820, 3891, ZA-215, Seika Fast Carmine 6B1476T-7, 1483LT, 3840, 3870, Seika Fast Bordeaux 10B-430, Seika Light Rose R40, Seika Light Violet B800, 7805, Seika Fast Maroon 460N, Seika Fast Orange 900, 2900, Seika Light Blue C718, A612, Cyanine Blue 4933M, 4933GN-EP, 4940, 4973 (manufactured by Dainichiseika Chemicals); KET Yellow 401, 402, 403, 404, 405, 406, 416, 424, KET Orange 501, KET Red 301, 302, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 336, 337, 338, 346, KET Blue 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 111, 118, 124, KET Green 201 (manufactured by Dai Nippon Ink &Chemicals); Colortex Yellow 301, 314, 315, 316, P-624, 314, U10GN, U3GN, UNN, UA-414, U263, Finecol Yellow T-13, T-05, Pigment Yellow1705, Colortex Orange 202, Colortex Red101, 103, 115, 116, D3B, P-625, 102, H-1024, 105C, UFN, UCN, UBN, U3BN, URN, UGN, UG276, U456, U457, 105C, USN, Colortex Maroon601, Colortex Brown B610N, Colortex Violet 600, Pigment Red 122, Colortex Blue 516, 517, 518, 519, A818, P-908, 510, Colortex Green 402, 403, Colortex Black 702, U905 (manufactured by Sanyo Pigment Co., Ltd.); Lionol Yellow 1405G, Lionol Blue FG7330, FG7350, FG7400G, FG7405G, ES, ESP-S (manufactured by Toyo Ink Co., Ltd.), Toner Magenta E02, Permanent Rubin F6B, Toner Yellow HG, Permanent Yellow GG-02, Hostaperm Blue B2G (manufactured by Hoechst Industri); Novoperm P-HG, Hostaperm Pink E, Hostaperm Blue B2G (manufactured by Clariant); carbon black #2600, #2400, #2350, #2200, #1000, #990, #980, #970, #960, #950, #850, MCF88, #750, #650, MA600, MA7, MA8, MA11, MA100, MA100R, MA77, #52, #50, #47, #45, #45L, #40, #33, #32, #30, #25, #20, #10, #5, #44, CF9 (manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical).

The dye is not particularly limited, but examples include disperse dyes, reactive dyes, acid dyes, basic dyes, direct dyes, etc. Ink containing disperse dyes is also called disperse ink, and ink containing reactive dyes is also called reactive ink.

The dispersible dye is preferably a sublimable dye. Here, "sublimable dye" refers to a dye that has the property of sublimating when heated.

The dispersible dye is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include C.I. Disperse Yellow 3, 4, 5, 7, 9, 13, 23, 24, 30, 33, 34, 42, 44, 49, 50, 51, 54, 56, 58, 60, 63, 64, 66, 68, 71, 74, 76, 79, 82, 83, 85, 86, 88, 90, 91, 93, 98, 99, 100, 104, 108, 114, and 116. , 118, 119, 122, 124, 126, 135, 140, 141, 149, 160, 162, 163, 164, 165, 179, 180, 182, 183, 184, 186, 192, 198, 199, 202, 204, 210, 211, 215, 216, 218, 224, 227, 231, 232; C. I. C.I. Disperse Orange 1, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 20, 21, 25, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 37, 38, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 61, 66, 71, 73, 76, 78, 80, 89, 90, 91, 93, 96, 97, 119, 127, 130, 139, 142; Disperse Red 1, 4, 5, 7, 11, 12, 13, 15, 17, 27, 43, 44, 50, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 65, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 78, 81, 82, 86, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93, 96, 103, 105, 106, 107, 108, 110, 111, 113, 117, 118, 121, 122, 126, 127, 128, 131, 132, 134, 135, 137, 143, 145, 146 , 151, 152, 153, 154, 157, 159, 164, 167, 169, 177, 179, 181, 183, 184, 185, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 200, 201, 202, 203, 205, 20 C. I. C.I. Disperse Violet 1, 4, 8, 23, 26, 27, 28, 31, 33, 35, 36, 38, 40, 43, 46, 48, 50, 51, 52, 56, 57, 59, 61, 63, 69, 77; C.I. Disperse Green 9; C.I. Disperse Brown 1, 2, 4, 9, 13, 19; C.I. Disperse Blue 3, 7, 9, 14, 16, 19, 20, 26, 27, 35, 43, 44, 54, 55, 56, 58, 60, 62, 64, 71, 72, 73, 75, 79, 81, 82, 83, 87, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, 102, 106, 108, 112, 113, 115, 118, 120, 122, 125, 128, 130, 139, 141, 142, 143, 146, 148, 14 9, 153, 154, 158, 165, 167, 171, 173, 174, 176, 181, 183, 185, 186, 187, 189, 197, 198, 200, 201, 205, 207, 211, 214, 224, 225, 257, 259, 267, 268, 270, 284, 285, 287, 288, 291, 293, 295, 297, 301, 315, 330, 333, 359, 360; C.I. Disperse Black 1, 3, 10, 24.

The acid dye is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include C.I. Acid Yellow 1, 3, 6, 11, 17, 18, 19, 23, 25, 36, 38, 40, 40:1, 42, 44, 49, 59, 59:1, 61, 65, 67, 72, 73, 79, 99, 104, 159, 169, 176, 184, 193, 200, 204, 207, 215, 219, 219:1, 220, 230, 232, 235, 241, 242, 246; C.I. Acid Orange 3, 7, 8, 10, 19, 22, 24, 33, 51, 51S, 56, 67, 74, 80, 86, 87, 88, 89, 94, 95, 107, 108, 116, 122, 127, 140, 142, 144, 149, 152, 156, 162, 166, 168, C.I. Acid Red 1,6,8,9,13,18,27,35,37,52,54,57,60,73,82,88,97,97:1,106,111,114,118,119,127,131,138,143,145,151,183,195,198,211,215,217,225,226,249,251,254,256,257,260,261,265,266,274,276,277,289,296,299,315,318,336,337,357,359,361,362,364,366,399,407,415; C. C.I. Acid Violet 17, 19, 21, 42, 43, 47, 48, 49, 54, 66, 78, 90, 97, 102, 109, 126; C.I. Acid Blue 1, 7, 9, 15, 23, 25, 40, 61:1, 62, 72, 74, 80, 83, 90, 92, 103, 104, 112, 113, 114, 120, 127, 127:1, 128, 129, 138, 140, 142, 156, 158, 171, 182, 185, 193, 199 , 201, 203, 204, 205, 207, 209, 220, 221, 224, 225, 229, 230, 239, 258, 260, 264, 277:1, 278, 279, 280, 284, 290, 296, 298, 300, 317, 324, 333, 335, 338, 342, 350; C.I. Acid Green 9, 12, 16, 19, 20, 25, 27, 28, 40, 43, 56, 73, 81, 84, 104, 108, 109; C.I. Acid Brown 2, 4, 13, 14, 19, 28, 44, 123, 224, 226, 227, 248, 282, 283, 289, 294, 297, 298, 301, 355, 357, 413; C.I. Acid Black 1, 2, 3, 24, 24:1, 26, 31, 50, 52, 52:1, 58, 60, 63, 63S, 107, 109, 112, 119, 132, 140, 155, 172, 187, 188, 194, 207, 222, etc.

The basic dye is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include C.I. Basic Yellow 1, 2, 13, 19, 21, 25, 32, 36, 40, 51; C.I. Basic Red 1, 5, 12, 19, 22, 29, 37, 39, 92; C.I. Basic Blue 1, 3, 9, 11, 16, 17, 24, 28, 41, 45, 54, 65, 66; C.I. Basic Black 2, 8, etc.

The direct dye is not particularly limited, but for example, C.I. Direct Yellow 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 22, 27, 28, 39, 44, 50, 58, 86, 87, 98, 105, 106, 130, 137, 142, 147, 153; C.I. Direct Orange 6, 26, 27, 34, 39, 40, 46, 102, 105, 107, 118; C.I. Direct Red 2, 4, 9, 23, 24, 31, 54, 62, 69, 79, 80, 81, 83, 84, 89, 95, 212, 224, 225, 226, 227, 239, 242, 243, 254; C.I. C.I. Direct Violet 9, 35, 51, 66, 94, 95; C.I. Direct Blue 1, 15, 71, 76, 77, 78, 80, 86, 87, 90, 98, 106, 108, 160, 168, 189, 192, 193, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 218, 225, 229, 237, 244, 248, 251, 270, 273, 274, 290, 291; C.I. Direct Green 26, 28, 59, 80, 85; C.I. Direct Brown 44, 44:1, 106, 115, 195, 209, 210, 212:1, 222, 223, C.I. Direct Black 17, 19, 22, 32, 51, 62, 108, 112, 113, 117, 118, 132, 146, 154, 159, 169, etc.

The reactive dye is not particularly limited, but for example, C.I. Reactive Yellow 2, 3, 7, 15, 17, 18, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 37, 39, 42, 57, 69, 76, 81, 84, 85, 86, 87, 92, 95, 102, 105, 111, 125, 135, 136, 137, 142, 143, 145, 151, 160, 161, 165, 167, 168, 175, 176; C.I. Reactive Orange 1, 4, 5, 7, 11, 12, 13, 15, 16, 20, 30, 35, 56, 64, 67, 69, 70, 72, 74, 82, 84, 86, 87, 91, 92, 93, 95, 99, 107; C.I. Reactive Red 2, 3, 3:1, 5, 8, 11, 21, 22, 23, 24, 28, 29, 31, 33, 35, 43, 45, 49, 55, 56, 58, 65, 66, 78, 83, 84, 106, 111, 112, 113, 114, 116, 120, 123, 124, 128, 130, 136, 141, 147, 158, 159, 171, 174, 180, 183, 184, 187, 190, 193, 194, 195, 198, 218, 220, 222, 223, 226, 228, 235, 245; Reactive Violet 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 22, 23, 33, 36, 38; C.I. Reactive Blue 2, 3, 4, 7, 13, 14, 15, 19, 21, 25, 27, 28, 29, 38, 39, 41, 49, 50, 52, 63, 69, 71, 72, 77, 79, 89, 104, 109, 112, 113, 114, 116, 119, 120, 122, 137, 140, 143, 147, 160, 161, 162, 163, 168, 171, 176, 182, 184, 191, 194, 195, 198, 203, 204, 207, 209, 211, 214, 220, 221, 222, 231, 235, 236; C.I. C.I. Reactive Green 8, 12, 15, 19, 21; C.I. Reactive Brown 2, 7, 9, 10, 11, 17, 18, 19, 21, 23, 31, 37, 43, 46; C.I. Reactive Black 5, 8, 13, 14, 31, 34, 39, etc.

The dyes described above may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

Among these, pigments are preferred because they have good dispersibility in the components of the color ink and excellent weather resistance.

The content of the colorant is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of easily adjusting the viscosity of the colorant ink within the above range and enabling the formation of a high-density image, it is preferable that the content of the colorant is within the range of 4 to 15% by mass of the colorant ink.
If the colorant content is 4% by mass or more, not only can the viscosity of the colorant ink be increased appropriately, but also high-density images can be easily formed. If the colorant content is 15% by mass or less, the viscosity of the colorant ink does not become too high, so nozzle clogging is unlikely to occur. From the same viewpoint, the colorant content is more preferably within the range of 5 to 15% by mass, and even more preferably within the range of 6.5 to 12% by mass, relative to the colorant ink.

[Hydrophobic polymer]
The hydrophobic polymer is a water-dispersible polymer, and can be a polymer dispersant, a water-dispersible resin (binder resin), or the like.

The type of polymer dispersant is not particularly limited, but examples include block copolymers and random copolymers consisting of two or more monomers selected from styrene, styrene derivatives, vinylnaphthalene derivatives, acrylic acid, acrylic acid derivatives, maleic acid, maleic acid derivatives, itaconic acid, itaconic acid derivatives, fumaric acid, and fumaric acid derivatives, as well as salts thereof, polyoxyalkylene, and polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether.

When the polymer dispersant has an acidic group such as a carboxy group, the acidic group is preferably neutralized with a neutralizing base. Examples of the neutralizing base include organic bases such as ammonia, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, and morpholine.

Examples of water-dispersible resins include urethane resins, butadiene resins, acrylic resins, polystyrene, etc. Examples of butadiene resins include styrene-butadiene copolymers and acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymers. Examples of acrylic resins include acrylic acid ester copolymers, styrene-acrylic copolymers, silicone-acrylic copolymers, and acrylic-modified fluororesins. Among these, urethane resins and styrene-acrylic copolymers are preferred.

Examples of styrene-acrylic copolymers include styrene-(meth)acrylic acid copolymers and styrene-(meth)acrylic acid-(meth)acrylic acid ester copolymers. Examples of (meth)acrylic acid esters include benzyl (meth)acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate, methyl (meth)acrylate, ethyl (meth)acrylate, propyl (meth)acrylate, butyl (meth)acrylate, hexyl (meth)acrylate, octyl (meth)acrylate, lauryl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth)acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl carbitol (meth)acrylate, phenol EO modified (meth)acrylate, isobornyl (meth)acrylate, dicyclopentenyl (meth)acrylate, dicyclopentanyl (meth)acrylate, and dicyclopentenyloxyethyl (meth)acrylate.

A urethane resin is a polymer obtained by reacting a polyol with a polyisocyanate. Examples of polyols include polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, poly(ethylene adipate), poly(diethylene adipate), poly(propylene adipate), poly(tetramethylene adipate), poly(hexamethylene adipate), poly-ε-caprolactone, poly(hexamethylene carbonate), and silicone polyols. Examples of isocyanates include tolylene diisocyanate, 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated tolylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated 4,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, and tetramethylxylylene diisocyanate.

The glass transition temperature Tg of the water-dispersible resin is not particularly limited, but may be, for example, within the range of -30 to 100°C, preferably -10 to 50°C, and more preferably 20 to 40°C.

The acid value of the water-dispersible resin is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of improving dispersion stability, it is preferably 44 mgKOH/g or more, and more preferably 60 mgKOH/g or more. The upper limit of the acid value can be, for example, 110 mgKOH/g. The acid value can be measured in accordance with JIS K0070.

The average particle diameter of the water-dispersible resin is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of preventing nozzle clogging of the head, it is preferably 300 nm or less, and more preferably 130 nm or less. The average particle diameter of the water-dispersible resin can be measured by laser diffraction scattering type particle size distribution measurement.

The content of the hydrophobic polymer is set appropriately depending on the type. For example, when the hydrophobic polymer is a polymer dispersant, the content of the polymer dispersant is, for example, 4% by mass or less, preferably in the range of 0.8 to 2% by mass, relative to the color ink. If the polymer dispersant is 0.8% by mass or more, it is easy to sufficiently increase the dispersibility of solid colorants such as pigments, and if it is 4% by mass or less, it is easy to suppress an excessive increase in viscosity.

When the hydrophobic polymer is a water-dispersible resin (binder resin), the content of the water-dispersible resin (binder resin) is preferably 1 to 15% by mass relative to the color ink, from the viewpoint of easily adjusting the viscosity of the color ink within the above range. If the content of the water-dispersible resin is 1% by mass or more, it is easy to increase the viscosity of the color ink appropriately, and therefore not only can the ejection stability be improved, but also the adhesion to the fabric and abrasion resistance of the obtained image can be easily improved. If the content of the water-dispersible resin is 15% by mass or less, the viscosity of the color ink does not become too high, and nozzle clogging and the like are unlikely to occur. From the same viewpoint, it is more preferable that the content of the water-dispersible resin is 2 to 10% by mass relative to the color ink.

When the hydrophobic polymer contains both a polymer dispersant and a water-dispersible resin, the total amount of the hydrophobic polymer is preferably 1 to 20% by mass, and more preferably 2 to 15% by mass, of the color ink, in order to make it easier to adjust the viscosity of the color ink to the above range.

[Water-soluble organic solvent]
Examples of the water-soluble organic solvent include compounds similar to those of the water-soluble organic solvent in the functional ink. In particular, from the viewpoint of facilitating an appropriate increase in the viscosity of the colorant ink, the water-soluble organic solvent preferably contains a polyhydric alcohol. From the viewpoint of facilitating an increase in the viscosity of the colorant ink, the polyhydric alcohol preferably contains a trihydric or higher alcohol, and more preferably contains glycerin.

It is preferable that the content of polyhydric alcohols is moderately high. Specifically, it is preferable that the content of polyhydric alcohols is within the range of 25 to 50% by mass of the color ink. If the content of polyhydric alcohols is above a certain level, it is easier to increase the viscosity of the color ink, and if it is below a certain level, it is easier to prevent nozzle clogging due to the viscosity of the color ink becoming too high. From the same perspective, it is more preferable that the content of polyhydric alcohols is within the range of 30 to 45% by mass of the color ink.

[Other ingredients]
The color ink may further contain other components as necessary. Examples of the other components include a solvent, a surfactant, a preservative, an antifungal agent, an antirust agent, a pH adjuster, and the like.

The surfactant has the function of controlling the surface tension of the color ink. When the constituents of the color ink contain an anionic compound, the ionicity of the surfactant is preferably anionic, nonionic or betaine type. Examples of the surfactant include the same surfactants as those described for the functional ink.

Examples of preservatives or antifungal agents include aromatic halogen compounds (e.g., Preventol CMK), methylene dithiocyanate, halogen-containing nitrogen-sulfur compounds, 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3-one (e.g., PROXELGXL), etc.

Examples of pH adjusters include urea, sodium hydroxide, etc.

(Control Unit)
The control unit 30 controls the pre-processing unit 10 and the printing unit 20 according to the penetration degree image as described above in (1-1) and (1-2). The penetration degree image may be formed within the control unit 30 or may be an external penetration degree image defined by a user.

The control unit 30 is mounted on a computer and is composed of a processor such as a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The computer on which the control unit 30 is mounted further includes a storage unit composed of a ROM (Read Only Memory) and a RAM (Random Access Memory). The storage unit stores various programs for operating each part of the textile printing device 100. The control unit 30 expands the various programs stored in the ROM, for example, into a working area of the RAM, and the programs are executed by the control unit 30, thereby providing overall control of each part of the textile printing device 100.

The main parts of the control system of the printing device 100 shown in FIG. 1 will be described below using the block diagram shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 2 shows a case where a penetration image is formed in the control unit 30 of the printing device 100.

In FIG. 2, the control unit 30 is installed in the control device (computer) 106 together with the memory unit 50 and the information acquisition unit 40. The control unit 30 includes a pre-processing control unit 31, a printing control unit 32, a penetration image formation unit 33, etc. In addition to these, the control unit 30 also includes control units that control the fabric payout unit 101, the conveying unit 103, the drying unit 105, and the fabric recovery unit 102, but these are not shown in FIG. 2.

In the control device 106, the information acquisition unit 40 uses various data acquired from external devices to perform calculations according to the programs stored in the ROM of the storage unit 50, and the control unit 30 controls each part of the textile printing device 100 based on the results. In the pre-processing control unit 31 and the printing control unit 32, the functional ink application device 11 of the pre-processing unit 10 and the colorant ink application device 21 of the printing unit 20 are controlled based on the penetration image formed by the penetration image formation unit 33.

In the block diagram of FIG. 2, the data acquired by the information acquisition unit 40 from an external device are a printed image 41, fabric aspect information 42, and temperature and humidity 43. Of these, the printed image 41 is essential data. The fabric aspect information 42 and temperature and humidity 43 are optional data, and the information acquisition unit 40 can also acquire various other data.

The penetration image is formed in the penetration image forming unit 33 by calculation using a program stored in the storage unit 50 based on the printed image 41. It is preferable that the program is, for example, a program in which the calculation is set so that the penetration of the penetration image increases according to the color density of the printed image 41.

The color density of the printed image 41 can be, for example, L ^* in the CIE 1976 L ^* a ^* b ^* color space. L ^* represents the lightness of a color, and the smaller the value, the higher the color density. Therefore, the relationship between the L ^* value and the penetration degree is a linear polynomial relationship with a negative proportional coefficient. When forming a penetration degree image using L ^* as an index, for example, the value of L ^* measured on a pixel-by-pixel basis is inserted into the linear polynomial to obtain the penetration degree on a pixel-by-pixel basis to create a penetration degree image.

The penetration image is preferably an image that targets non-edge portions of the printed image 41 excluding edge portions having a predetermined width. In this case, the control unit 30 has, for example, a contour detection unit that detects the contour of the printed image 41. When the printed image 41 is subjected to halftone processing to determine the arrangement of pixels to which the color ink In is applied, the contour of the printed image 41 can be detected as a boundary with a large difference in image shading by various methods (Sobel method, Laplacian of Gaussian method, Canny method, etc.) for the printed image 41 before halftone processing.

The edge portion of the printed image is an area having a predetermined width inward from the outline of the printed image. The predetermined width is, for example, 0.05 to 10 mm, and preferably 0.2 to 1 mm. The area of the printed image excluding the edge portion is the non-edge portion. In order to apply the functional ink only to the non-edge portion of the printed image, a penetration image corresponding to the non-edge portion of the printed image is formed. The method of forming the penetration image can be the same as described above.

When a user-defined penetration image is used, data of the user-defined penetration image input from an external device is sent to the penetration image forming unit 33 in the block diagram of FIG. 2.

In the textile printing apparatus 100, the pretreatment control unit 31 (1-1) controls the permeability adjustment process in the pretreatment unit 10 so that the higher the permeability, the greater the permeability. To achieve this, in the control device 106, for example, based on the permeability image obtained as described above, the program in the memory unit 50 determines the application amount of the functional ink Pr corresponding to the permeability of each pixel, and a functional ink application image is formed that indicates the application position and application amount of the functional ink Pr. Then, based on the functional ink application image, the pretreatment control unit 31 operates to cause the pretreatment unit 10 to apply the functional ink Pr.

As the functional ink Pr, for example, a permeation suppression ink or a permeation promotion ink is used depending on the type of fabric. The application amount of the functional ink Pr can be in the range of approximately 0 to 100 g/ ^m2 in both the case of the permeation suppression ink and the permeation promotion ink, and is preferably in the range of 0 to 30 g/ ^m2 . Furthermore, the ratio of the application amount of the color ink In to the application amount of the functional ink Pr can be in the range of 0 to 1000 mass %, and is preferably in the range of 0 to 200 mass %, in both the case of the permeation suppression ink and the permeation promotion ink.

In addition, in the textile printing device 100, the printing control unit 32 (1-2) controls the application amount of the color ink in the printing unit 20 so that it increases as the penetration degree increases. To achieve this, in the control device 106, for example, based on the penetration degree image and the printing image 41 obtained as described above, the program in the memory unit 50 calculates the application amount of the color ink In for each pixel, and a color ink application image showing the application position and application amount of the color ink In is formed. Then, based on the color ink application image, the printing control unit 32 operates to cause the printing unit 20 to apply the color ink In.

The textile printing device 100 has, for example, an image processing unit in the control device 106, and has a function of performing a plate separation process that separates the printed image 41 into four color images of C, M, Y, and K. The application position and application amount of the colorant ink In of each color are determined on a pixel-by-pixel basis based on the C image, M image, Y image, and K image generated by the plate separation process and the penetration image obtained as described above. For example, if the colorant ink application image obtained from the C image and the penetration image is a cyan ink application image, the ink application amount of the cyan ink application image can be 0.5 to 3 times the ink application amount of the C image at a certain pixel, depending on the penetration in the penetration image. The same applies to the application amounts of the colorant inks of other colors.

The application amount of the color ink Pr can be, for example, the total amount of the four colors C, M, Y, and K, generally in the range of 0 to 150 g/ ^m2 , and preferably in the range of 0 to 50 g/ ^m2 . Note that an application amount of the color ink of 0 g/ ^m2 refers to an area of the same color as the fabric in the printed image, for example, a white area when the fabric is white.

The penetration image described above is, for example, a penetration image of a reference fabric under a reference environment. Therefore, in forming the penetration image, it is preferable to further add factors such as fabric aspect information 42 or temperature and humidity 43. In FIG. 2, temperature and humidity refer to the environmental temperature and environmental relative humidity.

Information on the aspect of the fabric may include the type of fiber that makes up the fabric, the thickness of the fabric, the fiber density of the fabric, the ratio of chemical fibers in the fibers that make up the fabric, the weaving method of the fabric, and the thickness of the fibers that make up the fabric.

The thickness of the fabric is generally in the range of 0.1 to 2.0 mm, and preferably in the range of 0.1 to 1.0 mm, in order to achieve the most significant effects of the present invention. The fiber density of the fabric is generally in the range of 10 to 1000 g/ ^m2 , and preferably in the range of 50 to 300 g/ ^m2 , in order to achieve the most significant effects of the present invention.

The types of fibers that make up the fabric include natural fibers (hydrophilic fibers) such as cotton, linen, wool, or silk, and chemical fibers such as rayon, vinylon, nylon, acrylic, polyurethane, polyester, or acetate.

There are preferred combinations of fibers that make up the fabric and color inks in terms of permeability. Examples of such combinations include color inks containing reactive dyes and fibers whose main component is cellulose (cotton, linen, rayon, etc.), color inks containing acid dyes and silk, wool, or nylon fibers, basic dyes and acrylic fibers, color inks containing direct dyes and cotton, linen, or rayon, and color inks containing disperse dyes and polyester fibers. Among these, color inks containing reactive dyes and fibers whose main component is cellulose, and color inks containing acid dyes and silk, wool, or nylon fibers are preferred. However, the combinations of fibers that make up the fabric and color inks are not limited to these.

The yarns used to make the fabric are not limited to pure yarns, but may be blended or twisted yarns. For fabrics in which the warp and weft threads are made of the same type of fiber, it is sufficient to specify the fiber type information for either the warp or weft threads. For fabrics in which the warp and weft threads are made of different types of fiber, such as interwoven fabrics, it is preferable to specify the fiber type information for each of the warp and weft threads.

The unit for expressing the thickness of the fiber may be count, tex, denier, etc. Fiber thicknesses in the range of 10 to 100 denier are generally applicable to the present invention.

Fabrics can be woven, nonwoven, knitted, etc., and the types of weaving for woven fabrics include plain weave, twill weave, and satin weave, depending on the combination of warp and weft threads. Fabrics may be blended woven fabrics or blended nonwoven fabrics of two or more types of fibers.

The ratio of chemical fibers in the fibers that make up the fabric is expressed as the mass percentage of chemical fibers contained relative to the total amount of the fabric.

Regarding the fabric aspect information, the thicker the fabric is and the higher the fiber density of the fabric, the higher the penetration level is set. Also, the higher the proportion of chemical fibers in the fibers that make up the fabric and the thicker the fibers are, the lower the penetration level is set.

In addition, with regard to temperature and humidity, the higher the environmental temperature, the lower the penetration level is set. The higher the environmental relative humidity, the lower the penetration level is set.

(Drying section)
The drying unit 105 dries the color ink In applied by the printing unit 20. The drying means is not particularly limited, and is preferably hot air, a hot plate, or heating with a heat roller. From the viewpoint of sufficiently removing the solvent component in a short time, heat drying is more preferable. The drying temperature is preferably within the range of 100 to 130°C.

(Fixing part)
The textile printing apparatus 100 may have a fixing section downstream of the drying section 105 in the conveying direction, if necessary. The fixing section is a member that fixes the remaining portion (solid content of the colorant ink In) to the fabric by further heating or the like after the volatile components in the colorant ink In are removed by the drying section 105. By passing through the drying section 105 and an optional fixing section, the colorant ink can develop a desired hue. Examples of heating means in the fixing section include heating means using a normal pressure steam method, a high pressure steam method, a Thermofix method, or the like. It is also possible for the drying section 105 to double as the fixing section.

(Fabric Recovery Department)
The fabric recovery section 102 is provided downstream of the drying section 105, and recovers while winding up the printed fabric 3 on which the colorant ink In has been dried in the drying section 105. Alternatively, in the case where the fabric is separated one by one and transported, the fabric recovery section 102 may be a fabric discharge section from which the printed fabric T3 is discharged.

[Textile printing method]
The textile printing method of the present invention includes a pretreatment step, a printing step, and a control step, and each step is carried out as follows.

In the pretreatment step, a treatment is carried out to adjust the permeability of the color ink into the fabric.
In the printing process, a color ink is applied to the fabric to print an image.
The control step controls the pretreatment step and the printing step according to the penetration degree image as follows (2-1) and (2-2), respectively.

(2-1) The permeability adjustment treatment in the pretreatment step is controlled so that the higher the permeability, the higher the permeability.
(2-2) The amount of color ink applied in the printing process is controlled so as to increase as the degree of penetration increases.

In an embodiment of the textile printing method of the present invention, from the viewpoint of manifesting the effects of the present invention, it is preferable that the pretreatment step is performed by a mechanism that applies a functional ink containing a permeation suppressor or a permeation enhancer to the fabric by an inkjet method, and that the control step controls the application amount and application position of the functional ink according to the penetration degree image.

In an embodiment of the textile printing method of the present invention, it is preferable that the control step adjusts the penetration image according to the aspect information of the fabric. In an embodiment using the functional ink, the application amount of the functional ink and the application amount of the coloring ink are changed accordingly. The aspect information of the fabric is preferably at least one selected from the type of fiber constituting the fabric, the thickness of the fabric, the fiber density of the fabric, the ratio of chemical fibers in the fibers constituting the fabric, the weaving method of the fabric, and the thickness of the fibers constituting the fabric.

It is also preferable that the control process adjusts the penetration image in accordance with the environmental temperature and the environmental relative humidity. In the embodiment using the above-mentioned functional ink, the application amount of the functional ink and the application amount of the color ink are changed accordingly.

In an embodiment of the printing method of the present invention, from the viewpoint of manifesting the effects of the present invention, it is preferable that the penetration image is an image in which the penetration is set to increase according to the color density of the image printed by the printing unit.

In an embodiment of the printing method of the present invention, from the viewpoint of manifesting the effects of the present invention, it is preferable that the penetration image is an image that targets a non-edge portion excluding an edge portion having a predetermined width from the image printed by the printing unit.

In an embodiment of the printing method of the present invention, from the viewpoint of realizing the effects of the present invention, it is preferable to use a penetration depth image defined by the user as the penetration depth image.

The textile printing method of the present invention may further include other steps in addition to the pretreatment step, printing step, and control step. Examples of other steps include a functional ink drying step that is provided between the pretreatment step and the printing step and dries the functional ink applied to the fabric in the pretreatment step, a drying step that is provided after the printing step and dries the colorant ink applied to the fabric in the printing step, and a fixing step that is provided after the drying step and fixes the colorant ink to the fabric.

The textile printing method of the present invention can be carried out, for example, by using the above-described textile printing apparatus of the present invention. Details of each step in the present invention are as described above in the operation of each component of the textile printing apparatus of the present invention.

100 Textile printing apparatus 10 Pretreatment section 20 Printing section 30 Control section 101 Fabric payout section 102 Fabric recovery section 103 Transport section 105 Drying section

Claims (12)

A textile printing apparatus including a pre-treatment section for a fabric, a printing section for applying a color ink to the fabric to print an image, and a control section,
the pre-treatment unit performs a process for adjusting the permeability of the color ink into the fabric,
the control unit controls the permeability adjustment process in the pre-processing unit so that the permeability increases as the permeability increases according to a penetration image representing a distribution of the penetration of the color ink into the fabric in an image printed by the printing unit, and controls the application amount of the color ink in the printing unit so that the application amount increases as the permeability increases ,
A textile printing apparatus characterized in that the pre-treatment section has a mechanism for applying a functional ink containing a permeation suppressor or a permeation enhancer to the fabric by an inkjet method, and the control section controls the application amount and application position of the functional ink in accordance with the penetration degree image . 2. The textile printing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit adjusts the penetration degree image in accordance with information on the aspect of the fabric. 3. The printing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the information on the aspect of the fabric is at least one selected from the type of fiber constituting the fabric, the thickness of the fabric, the fiber density of the fabric, the ratio of chemical fibers in the fibers constituting the fabric, the weaving method of the fabric, and the thickness of the fibers constituting the fabric. 4. The textile printing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the control unit adjusts the penetration image in response to an environmental temperature and an environmental relative humidity. 5. The textile printing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the penetration image is an image set so that the penetration increases with increasing color density of the image printed by the printing unit. 6. The printing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the penetration image is an image that targets a non-edge portion excluding an edge portion having a predetermined width from the image printed by the printing unit. 5. The textile printing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein a penetration image defined by a user is used as the penetration image. The textile printing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the mechanism for applying the functional ink applies at least one of a first functional ink containing the permeation suppression agent and a second functional ink containing the permeation accelerator. The textile printing apparatus according to claim 8 , further comprising: applying a functional ink selected from the first functional ink and the second functional ink in accordance with the penetration degree. The textile printing apparatus according to claim 8 , wherein a functional ink selected from the first functional ink and the second functional ink is applied depending on the type of the fabric. The textile printing apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the mechanism comprises a first mechanism for applying a functional ink containing the permeation suppression agent, and a second mechanism for applying a functional ink containing the permeation accelerator. A textile printing method including a fabric pretreatment step, a printing step of applying a color ink to the fabric to print an image, and a control step,
the pretreatment step includes performing a treatment to adjust the permeability of the color ink into the fabric,
the control step controls the permeability adjustment process in the pretreatment step so that the permeability increases as the permeability increases according to a penetration image that represents a distribution of the penetration of the colorant ink on the fabric in an image printed by the printing step, and controls the application amount of the colorant ink in the printing step so that the application amount increases as the permeability increases ;
the pretreatment step is carried out by a mechanism that applies a functional ink containing a permeation suppressor or a permeation enhancer to the fabric by an inkjet method;
The textile printing method, wherein the control step includes controlling an application amount and an application position of the functional ink in accordance with the penetration degree image .