JP7707571B2 - How to build a roof - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for constructing a roof for a large space structure.

When constructing large-area structures such as gymnasiums and factory buildings, the sliding method may be used to build the roof. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method for constructing a steel-framed roof using the sliding method.

Specifically, scaffolding is assembled at one end of a pre-constructed reinforced concrete structure, and this scaffolding is used to assemble one unit of the steel truss that makes up the roof at the top of one end of the structure. Next, the assembled steel truss is slid one unit width toward the other end of the structure.

After that, the next steel truss unit is assembled on the open rooftop at one end of the structure, and it is added to the previously assembled steel unit, then slid one unit width apart. The above process of assembling one steel unit, adding it to the previous steel truss, and sliding them together is repeated to construct a roof on the structure.

According to the slide construction method disclosed in Patent Document 1, it is only necessary to provide scaffolding on the rooftop at one end of the structure that can assemble only one unit of steel truss, and the steel unit can be assembled in a fixed, space-saving manner. In addition, the work of constructing the roof and the work on the lower part of the roof can be carried out simultaneously in parallel, which contributes to shortening the construction period and reducing construction costs.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 53-130813

In the sliding method, it is generally known that when a single steel frame unit is supported by a pair of walls that make up the structure, it will drop vertically due to its own weight and expand in the span (the distance between the pair of walls), causing it to bend vertically. For this reason, measures are taken to prevent the steel frame unit from bending when supported by the pair of walls by creating a curvature in the steel frame unit during assembly.

However, if there is a protrusion at the end of the roof in the sliding direction, assembling one steel frame unit including this protrusion may cause deformation in the sliding direction or vertical direction when supported by the mating wall. With such deformation, it is not possible to add a subsequent steel frame unit, and it is not easy to correct the deformed steel frame unit so that it can be added. For this reason, it has been difficult to apply the sliding method when a roof with a protrusion is used for a large spatial structure.

In consideration of these issues, the main objective of this method is to construct roofs for large spatial structures with high precision and efficiency using the sliding method, without being affected by the shape of the roof.

In order to achieve this object, the roof construction method of the present invention is a method for constructing a roof of a large space structure in which the roof is supported by a pair of wall bodies opposed to each other in a span direction, comprising the steps of: assembling a leading block above the wall bodies in advance by having the leading block supported by a plurality of extension devices on a work stage provided between the pair of wall bodies; then, supporting the assembled leading block on the wall body by shortening the extension devices, sliding the leading block along the wall body; assembling a trailing block above the wall body behind the slid leading block by having the trailing block supported by the extension devices; connecting the assembled trailing block to the rear of the leading block; supporting the connected trailing block on the wall body by shortening the extension devices ; then, sliding the leading block and the trailing block along the wall body ; assembling a trailing block above the wall body behind the slid trailing block by having the trailing block supported by the extension devices; a leading block having a protrusion at a front end in a direction in which the leading block slides along the wall body and a curvature that anticipates a vertical downward deflection that occurs when the leading block is supported on the wall body, and the leading block is assembled by shortening the extension device to support the leading block on the wall body, so that the leading block is in a state in which deformation has occurred in the sliding direction and the vertical direction when the leading block is slid along the wall body; and the assembled trailing block is deformed into a shape in which the deformation occurring in the sliding direction and the vertical direction of the leading block and the trailing block is eliminated when the extension device is shortened and the trailing block is supported on the wall body after being connected to the leading block by controlling the extension amount for each of the multiple extension devices, and then the trailing block is connected to the leading block.

The roof construction method of the present invention is also characterized in that the leading block and the trailing block are connected via a connecting material.

According to the roof construction method of the present invention described above, if the leading block assembled first contains an overhang and is deformed while supported by a wall, the expansion device is used to forcibly deform the trailing block to accommodate this deformation. This makes it easy to connect the leading block and the trailing block, and even for roofs with overhangs, it is possible to use the sliding method to assemble the roof framework with high precision and efficiency, and to construct the roof of a large spatial structure.

According to the present invention, it is possible to construct the roof of a large space structure with high precision and efficiency using the sliding method, without being affected by the shape of the roof.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a roof of a large space structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a working stage, an extension device, and a front block according to an embodiment of the present invention. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing cross sections cc and dd of FIG. 2 in the embodiment of the present invention. 13A and 13B are diagrams showing how a front block of a roof is slid on a wall body in an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an intermediate block of a roof according to an embodiment of the present invention. 11 is a diagram showing a state in which a front block and an intermediate block are connected in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a state in which a front block and an intermediate block connected together are supported by a wall body in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a state in which a rear block connected to a front block and an intermediate block is supported by a wall body in the embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

The present invention is a method for constructing a roof for a large space structure by assembling a roof framework using a sliding construction method, and is particularly suitable for cases where the roof has a protruding portion. The details of the roof construction method are explained below with reference to Figures 1 to 8.

As shown in FIG. 1(a), the large spatial structure 1 is a building in which a roof 5, which is an upper structure, is supported by a wall 2, which is a lower structure provided on the periphery, and the roof 5 comprises a roof framework 3 and a roof finishing material 4.

As shown in FIG. 1(b), the roof structure 3 is a steel truss structure, and is divided into a front block 3a with a protrusion 31, an intermediate block 3b, and a rear block 3c in the extension direction (sliding direction) of the wall 2. The divided front block 3a, intermediate block 3b, and rear block 3c are each connected via connecting steel beams 10. As shown in FIG. 1(c), the roof structure 3 is assembled so that it is horizontal to the pair of wall bodies 2 that are constructed with a gap between them.

The roof finishing material 4 may be any material that is provided on the roof structure 3 and is capable of withstanding rainwater, snow, etc. In the present embodiment, the roof finishing material 4 is provided on the upper chord side of the roof structure 3, but it may also be provided, for example, as an eaves panel on the lower chord side of the roof structure 3.

<<How to build a roof>>
A method for constructing the roof 5 of such a large spatial structure 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 8. The outline of the procedure is as follows.

First, as shown in FIG. 2(b), the front block 3a is assembled above one end of the wall body 2, and then slid along the wall body 2 to a predetermined position. Next, as shown in FIG. 5(a), the intermediate block 3b is assembled at the position where the front block 3a was assembled.

The assembled intermediate block 3b is connected to the rear end of the front block 3a via the connecting steel frame 10. Then, the connected intermediate block 3b and front block 3a are slid along the wall 2 to a predetermined position as shown in FIG. 8(a). After this, the rear block 3c is assembled at the position where the front block 3a was assembled, and is connected to the rear end of the intermediate block 3b via the connecting steel frame 10 as shown in FIG. 8(b). In this embodiment, the roof structure 3 is divided into three blocks, but if the roof structure 3 is long, it is divided into three or more blocks and the above process is repeated.

In this method of assembling the roof structure 3 using the sliding method, the front block 3a, the middle block 3b, and the rear block 3c are all assembled in the same place on one end of the wall 2. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2(a), the work stage 7 only needs to be installed in a fixed, space-saving area of the building space S, which is economical and allows the building space S to be used efficiently for other work. In addition, because the work carried out in the building space S and the work of assembling the roof structure 3 do not interfere with each other in the work area, both work can be carried out in parallel at the same time.

In the roof structure 3 assembled in the above-mentioned procedure, it is known that the front block 3a, the middle block 3b and the rear block 3c all sag vertically downward when supported only by the wall body 2 due to vertical descent under their own weight and spreading in the span direction (the direction of the spacing between the wall bodies 2).

Furthermore, because the front block 3a has a protrusion 31 at its end, deformation occurs due to this protrusion 31. The deformation due to the protrusion 31 includes deformation occurring in the sliding direction and the vertical direction. Therefore, in the roof construction method, the roof framework 3 is assembled while responding to these deformations, and the roof 5 of the large spatial structure 1 is constructed. The procedure is explained below.

<Advance preparation>
When adopting the slide construction method, as shown in FIG. 2( a ), a work stage 7 is provided on one end side of a wall body 2 in the building space S, and a guide rail 21 is provided on the top end of the wall body 2 .

On the guide rail 21, movable bearings 6 such as sliding bearings and rolling bearings are arranged, which run while supporting the front block 3a, the middle block 3b, and the rear block 3c. In this embodiment, the guide rail 21 is formed on a trench against the top end of the wall body 2, but this is not necessarily limited to this. The movable bearings 6 may be self-propelled, or, for example, a towing device may be provided on the wall body 2, and the movable bearings 6 may run by towing.

The work stage 7 is supported by multiple temporary support gantry 8 erected in the building space S. In this embodiment, a total of 12 units are arranged, three in the span direction and four in the slide direction, but the number is not limited in any way. In addition, multiple extension devices 9 are placed on the work stage 7.

The expansion device 9 is configured, for example, by a hydraulic jack that is arranged to expand and contract in the vertical direction, and supports the front block 3a, the middle block 3b, and the rear block 3c of the steel truss structure when they are assembled. Therefore, when constructing the front block 3a, etc., the positions of the nodes N1 and N2 to which the lower chord members are connected are determined in advance, as shown in Figure 2(b).

The multiple expansion devices 9 are each positioned directly below the node N2 located on the inside in the span direction of the nodes N1 and N2 of the front block 3a, etc. A moving support 6 is positioned directly below the node N1 located on the outside in the span direction of the nodes N1 and N2 of the front block 3a, etc.

<Assembly and sliding of the front block 3a>
First, as shown in Fig. 2(b), the front block 3a is assembled in advance on the work stage 7. As shown in Fig. 3(a), the front block 3a is assembled in a state in which it is supported by the extension device 9 that is in a state in which it is extended by a predetermined amount in advance.

The expansion device 9 not only supports the front block 3a so that it is positioned above the wall body 2, but also controls the amount of extension of each block so that it bulges, as shown in Figure 3(b). As mentioned above, when the front block 3a is supported only by the wall body 2 by jacking down, it bends vertically downward.

Therefore, a camber value is calculated in advance to allow the front block 3a to bend in the opposite direction to the deflection, taking this deflection into account. The camber value is set for each extension device 9 that supports the front block 3a, and the extension amount of each extension device 9 is controlled and managed based on this.

After assembling the front block 3a in this way, the front block 3a is jacked down and supported by the paired wall body 2 via the moving support 6 as shown in Figure 4(a). Then, the front block 3a descends vertically under its own weight, reducing the curvature as shown in Figure 3(b), and the block remains horizontal on the wall body 2.

However, because the front block 3a has a protrusion 31 at its front end, it is in a state in which deformation has occurred in the sliding direction and the vertical direction near the center of the span direction, as shown in Figure 4(b). Figure 4(b) illustrates how the rear end is lifted up at the center of the span direction. While allowing this deformation, the moving support 6 is made to travel along the guide rail 21 toward the other end of the wall body 2, and the front block 3a is slid to a predetermined position.

The sliding distance of the front block 3a is set taking into consideration the size of the connecting steel frame 10 that will be installed between it and the next connected intermediate block 3b. This releases the upper part of the expansion device 9, so the intermediate block 3b can be assembled using the expansion device 9.

<Assembly and forced deformation of intermediate block 3b>
As shown in Fig. 5(a), the intermediate block 3b is assembled on the work stage 7. As in the assembly of the front block 3a, the camber value of the intermediate block 3b is calculated in advance so that the intermediate block 3b will be curved in the opposite direction to the expected downward vertical deflection. Then, as shown in Fig. 5(b), the extension amount of each extension device 9 is controlled and managed based on this camber value.

After the intermediate block 3b is assembled, it is connected to the preceding front block 3a, but as mentioned above, the front block 3a is still allowed to deform in the sliding direction. Therefore, as shown in Figure 5(c), the intermediate block 3b is forcibly deformed so that it corresponds to the preceding front block 3a in a deformed state, and then the two are connected using the connecting steel frame 10.

The forced deformation of the intermediate block 3b is performed by adjusting the extension amount of the expansion device 9 to adjust and lower the intermediate block 3b. Specifically, the front block 3a supported by the wall body 2 is surveyed to grasp the deformed shape at the planned connection position of the connecting steel frame 10. Next, the deformed shape of the intermediate block 3b corresponding to this deformed shape is estimated. Then, the extension amount of each expansion device 9 that realizes the estimated deformed shape is calculated, and the expansion devices 9 supporting the intermediate block 3b are controlled and managed so as to achieve the calculated extension amount.
Keep it.

<Connection between front block 3a and intermediate block 3b>
After forcibly deforming the intermediate block 3b in this way, as shown in Fig. 6(a), the intermediate block 3b is connected to the front block 3a via the connecting steel frame 10. When connecting the intermediate block 3b and the front block 3a, the gap between them can be adjusted as necessary. The gap can be easily adjusted by moving the movable support 6 supporting the front block 3a along the guide rail 21.

As shown in FIG. 6(b), by forcibly deforming the intermediate block 3b in accordance with the deformed shape of the front block 3a, the centers of the bolt holes in the connecting steel frame 10 are precisely aligned with the bolt holes in the front block 3a and the intermediate block 3b. This makes it possible to efficiently tighten the bolts on the connecting steel frame 10.

After the front block 3a and the intermediate block 3b are connected, the intermediate block 3b is supported only by the wall body 2 via the movable support 6 by jacking down. Then, as shown in Figures 7(a) and (b), the front block 3a and the intermediate block 3b are in a state where the deformation in the vertical direction and the sliding direction is eliminated.

<Installation and sliding of roof finishing material 4>
After this, the roof finishing material 4 is installed on the front block 3a, the connecting steel frame 10 and the intermediate block 3b.

Then, the movable support 6 is moved along the guide rail 21 toward the other end of the wall body 2, and the connected front block 3a and intermediate block 3b are slid to a predetermined position. The amount of sliding is set taking into consideration the size of the connecting steel frame 10 provided between the intermediate block 3b and the next connected rear block 3c.

<Assembly of rear block 3c>
As shown in FIG. 8A, the rear block 3c is assembled on the work stage 7 which has been released by moving the connected front block 3a and intermediate block 3b.

As with the assembly of the front block 3a and the intermediate block 3b, the camber value of the rear block 3c is calculated in advance so that it will bend in the opposite direction to the expected vertical downward deflection. The extension amount of each extension device 9 is then controlled and managed based on this camber value.

After assembling the rear block 3c while supporting it on the expansion device 9, as shown in Figure 8 (b), it is jacked down and supported on the wall body 2 via the moving support 6. At this time, since there is no deformation in the sliding direction in the intermediate block 3b, there is no need to adjust and lower the rear block 3c to forcibly deform it.

After this, the rear block 3c is connected to the intermediate block 3b via the connecting steel frame 10. In addition, the roof finishing material 4 is installed on the rear block 3c and the connecting steel frame 10. Through these operations, the roof 5 is constructed on the wall 2 of the large spatial structure 1, as shown in Figure 1 (a).

As described above, according to the roof construction method, when the front block 3a assembled in advance includes a protrusion 31 and deforms in the sliding direction, the intermediate block 3b is forcibly deformed by adjusting and lowering using the extension device 9 to accommodate this deformed shape. This makes it possible to easily connect the front block 3a and the intermediate block 3b, and to assemble the roof structure 3 efficiently with high precision and construct the roof 5 of the large spatial structure 1.

The roof construction method of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various modifications are possible without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1 Large spatial structure 2 Wall body 21 Guide rail 3 Roof body 31 Projection 3a Front block (leading block)
3b Middle block (following block)
3c Rear block 4 Roof finishing material 5 Roof 6 Moving support 7 Work stage 8 Temporary support platform 9 Expansion device 10 Connecting steel frame (connecting material)
S Building space N1 node (outside)
N2 node (inner)

Claims (2)

A method for constructing a roof of a large space structure in which the roof is supported by a pair of walls opposed to each other in a span direction , comprising the steps of:
A leading block is assembled above the wall body by supporting the leading block on a plurality of telescopic devices on a work stage provided between a pair of the wall bodies , and then the leading block is supported on the wall body by shortening the telescopic devices , and slid along the wall body;
Assemble a trailing block above the wall body by supporting the leading block on the telescopic device behind the slid leading block, connect the assembled trailing block to the rear of the leading block, support the connected trailing block on the wall body by shortening the telescopic device , and then slide the leading block and the trailing block along the wall body.
a rear block is assembled above the wall body by supporting the rear block on the telescopic device behind the slid trailing block, the assembled rear block is connected to the rear of the trailing block, and the connected rear block is supported on the wall body by shortening the telescopic device, thereby assembling a roof skeleton that constitutes the roof;
The preceding block has a protrusion at the end on the front side in the direction in which it slides along the wall body , and is assembled with a curvature that anticipates vertical downward deflection that occurs when the preceding block is supported by the wall body. Then, the telescopic device is shortened and supported by the wall body, so that when the preceding block is slid along the wall body , deformation occurs in the sliding direction and the vertical direction.
a leading block having a leading extension and a trailing block having a leading extension, the leading block being supported by the leading block and the trailing ... 2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising the steps of:
A method for constructing a roof, comprising connecting the preceding block and the following block via a connecting material.