JP7712244B2 - Insulated structure - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to a heat insulation structure that can be applied to a four-story building with a height of 10m or less.

Depending on the region where a building is constructed, if the height exceeds 10m, it becomes subject to various regulations (for example, Article 56-2 of the Building Standards Act, which provides for exemptions from shadow regulations), and it can cause a nuisance to neighbors. Generally, when building a multi-story building less than 10m high, it is made three stories high to ensure a floor height that does not impair livability and to keep the height below 10m.

However, if the site area is the same, a four-story building can provide a larger living space than a three-story building. Therefore, the applicant is proposing a four-story building with a height of 10 m or less (see Patent Document 1).

In recent years, there has been a demand for improved insulation performance in buildings. In particular, when placing insulation on the inner side of an exterior wall that separates the outside from the inside of a building, insulation cannot be placed in the area where the exterior wall slab is connected, resulting in a thermal bridge phenomenon in which heat escapes from this area. For this reason, in order to prevent the thermal bridge phenomenon, it is required to place insulation in the slab within a specified range from the exterior wall.

For example, Patent Document 2 proposes an insulation reinforcement structure for building structures in which an insulation board is placed on the top surface of a floor slab and a self-leveling material is poured in up to a position higher than the insulation board, thereby fixing the insulation board to the floor slab.

Patent No. 3890075 JP 2004-360278 A

However, in the insulation reinforcement structure of Patent Document 2, insulation boards are laid on top of the slab, and self-leveling material is poured on top of that, which makes the finished thickness of the floor thicker. This creates a problem in that the ceiling height, which is the height from the finished floor surface to the ceiling, becomes smaller by the amount of thickness increased by the insulation boards and self-leveling material.

In four-story buildings with a height of 10m or less, there is a demand to keep the thickness of floor finishing materials to a minimum in order to ensure a ceiling height that does not impair livability, and the insulation reinforcement structure of Patent Document 2 cannot be adopted.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above points, and aims to improve the insulation performance in a four-story building with a height of 10 m or less while minimizing the impact on ceiling height.

(1) A thermal insulation structure applied to a four-story building with a height of 10 m or less,
The insulation material is placed in a recess formed in the slab within a specified range from the inner surface of the wall separating the exterior and interior, so that the top level is lower than in other ranges.
An insulating structure characterized in that the recess in which the insulating material is placed is formed by a stepped slab in the slab in the specified range, the top level of which is lower than that of the other ranges .

In the invention of (1), the heat insulation structure applied to a four-story building with a height of 10 m or less has heat insulation material placed in a recess formed in the slab within a specified range from the inner surface of the wall separating the exterior from the interior, so that the top level is lower than in other areas.

In this way, by placing the insulation material within a specified range from the inner surface of the wall that separates the outside from the inside, it is possible to prevent the thermal bridge phenomenon and improve the insulation performance. And by placing the insulation material in a recess formed so that the top level is lower than outside the specified range, it is possible to prevent the ceiling height from being reduced due to the thickness of the insulation material.
Therefore, in a four-story building with a height of 10 m or less, it is possible to improve the insulation performance while minimizing the impact on ceiling height.

Here, the thickness of a given slab defined as a structure cannot be reduced (no notches can be formed).
According to the invention of (2), a notch is formed in the recessed portion added on top of a specific slab defined as a structure, and the insulation material can be placed in the notch of the recessed portion. This allows the insulation material to be placed without affecting the structure and while minimizing the effect on the ceiling height.

According to the invention of (3), a notch is formed in a specified area of the slab by using a step slab whose top level is lower than the other areas, and insulation can be placed in the notch in this recessed area. This allows the step slab to be used as the notch in which to place the insulation, eliminating the process of forming a separate notch just for placing the insulation. This makes it easier to place the insulation while minimizing the impact on the ceiling height.

According to the present invention, it is possible to improve the insulation performance of a four-story building with a height of 10 m or less while minimizing the impact on the ceiling height.

1 is a diagram showing an overview of a building to which a thermal insulation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. 1 is a diagram showing a cross section of a room in a building to which a thermal insulation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. 1 is a diagram showing a cross section of a space other than a room in a building to which a thermal insulation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

Below, a detailed description of the mode for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter, the embodiment) will be given with reference to the attached drawings. In the following figures, the same elements are given the same numbers or symbols throughout the description of the embodiment.

(4-storey buildings up to 10m in height)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overview of a building to which a thermal insulation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
In FIG. 1, the left side shows a cross section of a living room where residents spend most of their time, and the right side shows a cross section of the entrance hall, which is a space that residents use temporarily.

A four-story building 100 with a height of 10 m or less is made of reinforced concrete, and the floor height (the height from the FL of one floor to the FL of the next floor up) is 2500 mm (10 m/4) or less. In addition, the thickness of the specified slab 110 defined as the structural member of a building 100 of this size must be 150 mm or more.

In addition, since residents spend more time in the rooms of building 100, the lower the ceiling height (height from the floor finish surface to the ceiling finish surface) of the rooms, the more oppressive the feeling in the rooms becomes, so there is a demand to make it higher (for example, 2,300 mm or more) to improve livability. On the other hand, spaces other than the rooms, such as entrances, corridors, and bathrooms, are spaces that residents use only temporarily, so livability does not decrease even if the ceiling height is not as high as that of the rooms.

In order to prevent the thermal bridge phenomenon and improve the insulation performance of such a building 100, it is necessary to perform insulation treatment on the exterior wall 120, which is an example of a wall that separates the outside from the inside, and on the upper and lower surfaces of the slab 110 within a specified range from the inner surface 120a of the exterior wall 120 (for example, a range of 450 mm or more from the inner surface 120a).

In addition, when insulating the slab 110 within a specified range from the inner surface 120a of the exterior wall 120, at least the upper surface of the slab 110 in the living room will become the floor, so it is necessary to place the insulating material and make it flat to prevent any steps.

(Thermal insulation structure)
In the thermal insulation structure 1, thermal insulation material 20 is arranged in recesses 10, 10A formed in a slab 110 within a specified range from an inner surface 120a of an exterior wall 120, which is a wall separating the outside from the inside, so that the top level is lower than in other ranges.

The insulating material 20 is, for example, insulating mortar, but is not limited to this. Any material can be used as long as it has better insulating properties than concrete and can be used as a base for floor finishing materials (for example, wood-based flooring materials, tiles, etc.).

(Room insulation structure)
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross section of a room in a building to which a thermal insulation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
The slab 110 in the living space has a structural slab 111 (e.g., 150 mm thick) with a recessed portion 112 (e.g., 20 mm thick) added on top.

In the slab 110 in the living room, a recess 10 is formed by not providing a recessed portion 112 within a specified range from the inner surface 120a of the exterior wall 120. Then, insulation material 20 is placed in this recess 10. For example, by making the insulation material 20 15 mm thick and placing a leveling material on top of it to a thickness of 5 mm, it becomes flush with the parts of the slab 110 other than the part where the recess 10 is formed, and serves as a base for the floor finishing material 130.

This allows the upper surface of the slab 110 within a specified range from the inner surface 120a of the exterior wall 120 to be insulated without creating any steps on the floor of the room.

Such a notch 10 is formed as follows.
When pouring concrete to raise a certain floor, a plate of the same thickness as the depth of the notch 10 (for example, 20 mm) is placed in the unhardened concrete, and the top surface of this plate is aligned with the top edge of the unhardened concrete (FL shown in FIG. 2: the height that is the reference level for that floor), and the concrete is allowed to harden. Then, when the formwork is dismantled, the plate is removed, forming the notch 10.

Here, if the floor height is limited to 2500 mm (10 m/4) or less, using a flooring (double floor) for the floor finish will increase the required dimensions of the floor finish, restricting the ceiling height. For this reason, it is desirable for the floor finish in this embodiment to be directly laid using floor finishing material 130 (for example, wood-based flooring, etc.).

According to the insulation structure 1 of this embodiment, with the above-mentioned configuration, in a four-story building 100 with a height of 10 m or less, in a situation where the floor height can only be 2500 mm, by making the structural slab 111 150 mm thick, the recessed portion 112 (insulating material 20) 20 mm thick, the floor finishing material 130 (e.g., wood-based flooring, etc.) 15 mm thick, and directly attaching the ceiling finishing material 140 (e.g., vinyl cloth, etc.) to the underside of the upper floor slab 110, the ceiling height can be made 2315 mm, at least outside a specified range from the inner surface 120a of the exterior wall 120.
This prevents the thermal bridge phenomenon and improves the heat insulation performance, while preventing the formation of a step due to placing the heat insulation material 20 on the floor, reducing the oppressive feeling caused by a low ceiling, and preventing a decrease in livability in the room.

(Thermal insulation structure for spaces other than living spaces)
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a cross section of a space other than a room in a building to which a thermal insulation structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

In the slab 110 in the space other than the living room, a notch 10A is formed in a predetermined range from the inner surface 120a of the exterior wall 120 by a step slab whose top level is lower than the other ranges. Then, insulation material 20 is placed in this notch 10A. The insulation material 20 placed in the notch 10A serves as a base for the floor finishing material 130A placed on top of it.

Generally, in a house, the floor of the entrance is finished one step lower than the floors of the living room or the hallway leading to the living room, or is finished with a finishing material (such as porcelain tiles) that is higher than the finishing material (such as wood-based flooring) of the floor of the living room or the hallway leading to the living room. If the floor of the living room or the hallway leading to the living room is a floor, even if the top edge of the slab is the same height as the living room and the entrance, by not using the entrance as a floor, a step will be created at the boundary between the floor of the living room or the hallway leading to the living room and the floor of the entrance, so the entrance can be finished one step lower or with a finishing material that is higher than the entrance.

However, in the present embodiment, in which the floors of the living room and the corridor leading to the living room are finished directly, if it is desired to finish the entrance one step lower, a step slab is formed in the slab 110 to finish the entrance slab 110 one step lower. Also, if it is desired to place a floor finishing material 130A (e.g., a porcelain tile requiring a height of 45 mm) that requires a larger height than the floor finishing material 130 of the living room (e.g., a wood-based flooring requiring a height of 15 mm) in the entrance, if the top edge of the slab is formed at the same height in the living room and the entrance, the finished surface of the floor finishing material 130A of the entrance will protrude from the finished surface of the floor of the living room and the corridor leading to the living room, so a step slab is formed in the slab 110 to finish the entrance slab 110 one step lower. In other words, in specifications for directly laying floors in living rooms or corridors leading to living rooms, regardless of whether or not insulation material 20 is used, it is necessary to form a step slab in the slab 110 that provides a step at the boundary between the living room or the corridor leading to the living room and the entrance.

The notch 10A is formed by the step slab of the slab 110, and the insulation material 20 is placed in it. In this way, the step slab, which is formed regardless of whether the insulation material 20 is present or not, can be used as the notch 10A in which the insulation material 20 is placed, so the process of forming a separate notch 10A just for placing the insulation material 20 can be eliminated. Therefore, the insulation material can be placed more easily while minimizing the impact on the ceiling height.

The height dimension of the step of the step slab of the slab 110 is 45 mm, for example, if the floor finishing material 130A of the entrance is made of porcelain tile, and if the thickness of the insulation material 20 is added to this, 15 mm, the result is 60 mm.

As mentioned above, the slab 110 in the living room has a recessed portion 112 (20 mm thick) added on top of the structural slab 111 (150 mm thick). On the other hand, in the slab 110 in the entranceway, the recessed portion 112 (20 mm thick) is omitted, so the height dimension of the step in the structural slab 111 (the height dimension protruding from the underside of the slab 110 to the floor below) can be kept to 40 mm (60 mm - 20 mm). This makes it possible to provide insulation when a step slab is formed, while preventing the space above the ceiling on the floor below from being compressed.

It is desirable to place insulation material 21 (e.g., synthetic resin foam material, etc.) on the underside of the slab 110 within a predetermined range from the inner surface 120a of the exterior wall 120 (e.g., within a range of 450 mm or more from the inner surface 120a). Such insulation material 21 is placed, for example, by spraying synthetic resin foam material onto the inner surface 120a side of the exterior wall 120, up to the above-mentioned predetermined range on the underside of the slab 110. It is desirable to cover the insulation material 21 with a ceiling finishing material in which wallpaper is attached to gypsum board.

Although the present invention has been described above using embodiments, it goes without saying that the technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the scope described in the above embodiments. It will be clear to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements can be made to the above embodiments. Furthermore, it is clear from the claims that forms incorporating such modifications or improvements can also be included in the technical scope of the present invention.

1 Thermal insulation structure 10, 10A Recess 20, 21 Thermal insulation material 100 Building 110 Slab 111 Structural slab 112 Exterior part 120 Exterior wall 130, 130A Floor finishing material 140 Ceiling finishing material

Claims (1)

A thermal insulation structure applied to a four-story building with a height of 10 m or less,
The insulation material is placed in a recess formed in the slab within a specified range from the inner surface of the wall separating the exterior and interior, so that the top level is lower than in other ranges.
An insulating structure characterized in that the recess in which the insulating material is placed is formed by a stepped slab in the slab in the specified range, the top level of which is lower than that of the other ranges .