JP7712439B2 - Opening and window devices - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an opening device and a window device that are installed as inner windows for outer windows such as curtain walls.

For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a fireproof structure for the curtain wall that constitutes the exterior wall of a building. In this structure, the curtain wall structure is made different for areas where fire protection equipment is required and areas where it is not, thereby creating fire prevention measures in areas where there is a risk of fire spreading.

Patent No. 5376495

If an opening device such as the curtain wall of Patent Document 1 can be adapted to different installation conditions, it can be highly versatile and manufacturing costs can be reduced.

The present invention has been made in consideration of the problems with the conventional technology described above, and aims to provide an opening device and a window device that are highly versatile and can reduce manufacturing costs .

The opening device of the first aspect of the present invention is an opening device that is installed as an interior window on the indoor side of an exterior window facing the outside of a building, and comprises a frame body having an upper frame, a lower frame, and left and right vertical frames , and a panel material supported at the opening of the frame body, the left and right vertical frames having a first mounting portion provided on their outer visible surface and capable of being directly connected with a screw to a part of a structural member of the building, and a second mounting portion provided on their outer visible surface and capable of being directly connected with a screw to another part different from the part of the structural member of the building, and the left and right vertical frames are connected to the structural member by selectively using one of the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion .

The window device according to the second aspect of the present invention is a window device in which an opening device is installed as an inner window of an exterior window facing the outside of a building, and the exterior window comprises an exterior window frame having an upper frame portion, a lower frame portion, and left and right vertical frame portions, a upright standing between the upper frame portion and the lower frame portion, and an exterior window panel material supported by the exterior window frame and the uprights, and is characterized in that the outer visible surfaces of the upper frame and the lower frame are connected to the structural member or the visible surface of the exterior window frame, and the left and right vertical frames are connected to the structural member or the exterior window frame using the first mounting portion or the second mounting portion .

The present invention makes it possible to ensure a desired level of fire resistance while also ensuring the quality of the appearance.

FIG. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional view of an opening device according to one embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the opening device shown in FIG. 1 . A vertical cross-sectional view showing the fitted state of the upper frame. A vertical cross-sectional view showing the fitted state of the lower frame. A cross-sectional view showing the fitted state of the vertical frame in the first concealed position. A cross-sectional view showing the fitted state of the vertical frame in the second concealed position. A cross-sectional view showing the fitting state of the vertical frame in the first exposed position. A cross-sectional view showing the fitting state of the vertical frame in the second exposed position.

Below, we will present preferred embodiments of the opening device and window device according to the present invention and explain them in detail with reference to the attached drawings.

First, the overall configuration of the opening device 10 will be described. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the opening device 10 comprises a frame body 12, a facing material 14, and a batten 16. The opening device 10 is an interior window that serves as a fire prevention facility and is installed on the interior side of a curtain wall 18, which is an exterior window facing the outside of a building (see Figures 3 to 8).

The frame body 12 is formed by framing an upper frame 12a, a lower frame 12b, and left and right vertical frames 12c, 12d on all four sides to form a rectangular opening 12e. Each of the frames 12a to 12d is an extrusion of a metal material containing aluminum. The frame body 12 has a vertically joined structure, for example, in which the upper frame 12a and the lower frame 12b are joined to the left and right vertical frames 12c, 12d in a tangential manner. In the frame body 12 of this embodiment, the cross-sectional shapes of the upper frame 12a and the lower frame 12b are the same, and the cross-sectional shapes of the left and right vertical frames 12c, 12d are the same (see Figures 1 and 2). Each of the frames 12a to 12d may be a shape having the same or different cross-sectional shapes.

In this application, the prospective direction refers to the indoor/outdoor direction of the opening device 10 and the curtain wall 18, that is, the direction from the indoor side to the outdoor side or the opposite direction (the direction indicated by the arrow Z in the figure). The prospective surface refers to a surface extending along the prospective direction. The prospective direction refers to a direction perpendicular to the prospective direction, and in the case of a vertical frame 12c that is long in the vertical direction, it refers to the left-right direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (the direction indicated by the arrow X in the figure), and in the case of an upper frame 12a that is long in the horizontal direction, it refers to the up-down direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction (the direction indicated by the arrow Y in the figure). The prospective surface refers to a surface along the prospective direction. The inside of the frame-shaped member refers to, for example, the inner frame part (opening 12e) of the frame body 12. The outside of the frame-shaped member refers to, for example, the outer frame part of the frame body 12 that is fixed to the structural member of the building. In each figure, the outdoor side of the opening device 10 is illustrated as (outside) and the indoor side is illustrated as (inside).

Each frame 12a to 12d has a wall section 20 extending in the indoor/outdoor direction and an exterior spot piece 21 provided at the exterior end of the wall section 20, and has a generally L-shaped cross section.

The wall 20 of each frame 12a to 12d has a first airtight material pocket 22 at approximately the center in the projection direction of the outer projection surface 20a. The first airtight material pocket 22 opens to the outside of the frame and can accommodate a first airtight material 23. The first airtight material 23 is a flexible, approximately bolt-shaped part made of rubber, resin, or the like, extending in the longitudinal direction of each frame 12a to 12d. The wall 20 has a pocket portion 24 at the indoor end of the inner projection surface 20b. The pocket portion 24 opens to the inside of the frame and can accommodate a ridge 16. The wall 20 forms the bottom wall of an opening groove 26 in which the edge of the panel 14 is accommodated.

A first mounting portion 25a is provided on the wall portion 20 of each of the frames 12a to 12d. The first mounting portion 25a is used when attaching the outer visible surface 20a of the frame body 12 to a structural member of the building. The first mounting portion 25a includes a first mounting hole 20c through which a screw 27 is inserted. The first mounting holes 20c are formed at multiple positions in the longitudinal direction of the wall portion 20 at appropriate intervals. The first mounting holes 20c may be formed in advance at a factory, or may be formed at the construction site as necessary.

The outer projection surface 20a of each frame 12a to 12d is provided with multiple protruding pieces 20d. Each protruding piece 20d protrudes from the outer projection surface 20a toward the outside of the frame at the same height and is lined up in the projection direction. The first airtight material pocket 22 is formed between a pair of adjacent protruding pieces 20d, 20d near the center.

The inner projection surface 20b of the upper frame 12a and the lower frame 12b, which are horizontal frames, has a number of screw holes 20e (see Figure 1). The screw holes 20e are lined up in the projection direction on the inner projection surface 20b. Each screw hole 20e is screwed with a screw 33 (see Figure 2) that penetrates the wall portion 20 of the vertical frames 12c, 12d, thereby fastening the frames 12a, 12b to the frames 12c, 12d.

The exterior sight piece 21 of each frame 12a to 12d protrudes inward from the wall portion 20 and forms the exterior sight surface of each frame 12a to 12d. In this embodiment, the exterior sight piece 21 of the upper frame 12a and the lower frame 12b and the exterior sight piece 21 of the vertical frames 12c and 12d have different protruding lengths, but they may be the same length. The exterior sight piece 21 has a second airtight material pocket 28 at its tip. The second airtight material pocket 28 opens to the inside of the frame and can be fitted with a second airtight material 29. The second airtight material 29 is a flexible part made of rubber, resin, or the like, with a cross section that is approximately mushroom-shaped and extends in the longitudinal direction of each frame 12a to 12d. The second airtight material 29 has an exterior airtight portion 29a that extends to the exterior side of the exterior sight piece 21, and an interior airtight portion 29b that extends to the interior side of the exterior sight piece 21. The exterior sight piece 21 forms the exterior wall portion of the opening groove 26.

The second mounting portion 25b is provided on the exterior sight piece 21 of the vertical frames 12c, 12d. The second mounting portion 25b is used when attaching the exterior sight surface of the frame body 12 (exterior sight piece 21) to the building frame member. The second mounting portion 25b is formed at multiple positions in the longitudinal direction of the exterior sight piece 21 and includes second mounting holes 21a through which screws 27 are inserted. The second mounting holes 21a are used when attaching the exterior sight surface of the vertical frames 12c, 12d to the building frame member using the second mounting portion 25b. The second mounting holes 21a may be formed in advance at a factory or may be formed at the construction site as necessary.

Each of the frames 12a to 12d is made of the above-mentioned aluminum extrusion that has been given a specific surface treatment. This surface treatment includes, for example, a composite coating process of anodizing and electrocoating. Furthermore, each of the frames 12a to 12d is given a specific color, such as silver, brown, or black, for example, by an AC electrolytic coloring method.

The face material 14 is inserted into the opening 12e of the frame body 12 from the indoor side. The face material 14 is a transparent heat-resistant tempered glass plate, and is surrounded on all four sides by the frame body 30. The face material 14 may be a panel material made of wire glass, resin, etc. The face material 14 may be made of any material that has a predetermined heat resistance. The space between the frame body 30 and the frame body 12 is airtight by the indoor side airtight portion 29b of the second airtight material 29.

The frame 30 has an upper frame 30a, a lower frame 30b, and left and right vertical frames 30c, 30d, and is an edge material that covers the four peripheral end faces of the panel 14. Each frame 30a-30d is an extrusion of a metal material containing aluminum. The frame 30 has a vertically joined structure in which the upper frame 30a and the lower frame 30b are joined to the left and right vertical frames 30c, 30d in a bell-shaped manner. In the configuration example shown in Figures 1 and 2, the upper frame 30a and the lower frame 30b, which are horizontal frames, have a cross-sectional shape that combines a hollow portion with a U-shape, and the left and right vertical frames 30c, 30d have a U-shaped cross-sectional shape. Each frame 30a-30d may be a shape having the same or different cross-sectional shapes.

Each of the frames 30a to 30d has an opening groove 30e that opens inward. The opening groove 30e is a portion that holds the edge of the panel 14. The opening width (prospective width) of the opening groove 30e is set to a dimension slightly smaller than the thickness of the panel 14. The panel 14 can be smoothly inserted into the opening groove 30e, which has an opening width narrower than the panel thickness, with the R-shaped tip leading. At this time, the edge of the panel 14 is held in the opening groove 30e via a gasket with a U-shaped cross section made of rubber or resin. Since the panel 14 has a thickness greater than the opening width of the opening groove 30e, the opening device 10 can prevent the panel 14 from falling off the opening groove 30e even if the gasket is burned during a fire.

The ridge 16 is attached to the frame 12 from the indoor side. The ridge 16 holds the indoor side facing surface 30f of the frame 30 of the panel 14 with its outdoor facing surface. As a result, the ridge 16 forms the indoor side wall of the opening groove 26. The outdoor side facing surface 30g of the panel 14 is held by the outdoor side facing piece 21 of the frame 12. At this time, the outdoor side facing surfaces 30g of each frame 30a to 30d are in close contact with the outdoor side airtight portion 29a of the second airtight material 29, thereby airtightly sealing the indoor and outdoor areas of the panel 14.

The edge 16 has an upper edge material 16a, a lower edge material 16b, and left and right vertical edge materials 16c, 16d. Each edge material 16a-16b is an extrusion of a metal material containing aluminum. In the configuration example shown in Figures 1 and 2, the upper edge material 16a and the lower edge material 16b have a cross-sectional shape that combines a hollow portion and a U-shape, and the left and right vertical edge materials 16c, 16d have a U-shaped cross-sectional shape. Each edge material 16a-16d may be a shape having the same or different cross-sectional shape. A pair of claw portions 16e is provided on the outer projection surface of each edge material 16a-16d in the projection direction protruding to the outside of the frame. Each edge material 16a-16d has its respective claw portion 16e engaged with the pocket portion 24 of each frame 12a-12d. As a result, each edge material 16a-16d is removably attached to each frame 12a-12d.

The ridge 16 covers and conceals the pocket portion 24 from the interior side of the room, improving the appearance quality of the opening device 10. Because the ridge 16 is housed inside the frame of the frame body 12, it does not protrude into the interior side of the opening device 10, resulting in even higher appearance quality.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the opening device 10 of this embodiment is provided with thermal expansion members 32 in various locations.

In this embodiment, the thermal expansion member 32 is provided on the outer projected surface 20a of each frame 12a-12d, the inner projected surface 20b of the vertical frames 12c and 12d, and the outer projected surface of each frame 30a-30d. The thermal expansion member 32 is a heat-foaming material made of graphite or the like that expands when heated. The thermal expansion member 32 is attached so as to extend along the longitudinal direction of each member. As a result, in the opening device 10, when the aluminum frame body 12 warps or deforms during a fire, the thermal expansion member 32 arranged between the frame body 12 and the structural member and between the frame body 12 and the panel material 14 expands. As a result, the opening device 10 uses the expanded thermally expandable member 32 to seal between the frame body 12 and the structural member, and between the frame body 12 and the surface material 14, preventing the formation of through holes inside and outside the frame body 12 that could serve as a passageway for flames and smoke in the indoor and outdoor directions.

The outer projection surface 20a of each frame 12a to 12d is provided with a first airtight material pocket 22 for mounting the first airtight material 23 at approximately the center in the projection direction, and a screw 27 is provided on the outside of the pocket. Therefore, the thermal expansion member 32 is provided at a position closer to the indoor side than the center in the projection direction of the outer projection surface 20a, and in this embodiment, at the indoor side end of the outer projection surface 20a. The thermal expansion member 32 may be provided at the center of the outer projection surface 20a or closer to the outdoor side, or multiple members may be provided lined up in the projection direction.

When the frame body 12 is heated by a fire or the like, the upper frame 12a is likely to reach the highest temperature. For this reason, it is preferable to install a thermal expansion member 32 on the outer visible surface 20a of the upper frame 12a in particular. On the other hand, since the lower frame 12b is less likely to reach higher temperatures than the upper frame 12a, the thermal expansion member 32 on the outer visible surface 20a may be omitted. In this embodiment, the vertical frames 12c and 12d are expected to be arranged in two ways: exposed and concealed, as described below. Therefore, although details will be described later, it is desirable to provide the thermal expansion member 32 on the outer visible surface 20a of the vertical frames 12c and 12d at least when used in the exposed position (see Figures 7 and 8).

Next, the mounting structure of the opening device will be described. The opening device 10 of this embodiment is installed using one of two mounting structures (first and second mounting structures) depending on the building specifications and the user's requests. Since the opening device 10 has a fireproof structure, it is appropriately installed in a position where there is a possibility of fire spreading as an inner window of the curtain wall 18, which is a non-fireproof outer window. Since the curtain wall 18 has multiple units arranged side by side, the opening device 10 is also installed side by side on the left and right as necessary.

Before describing each mounting structure, the peripheral members that support the opening device 10 will be described. As shown in Figures 3 to 6, the building 42 has an opening device 10, which is an inner window, installed on the indoor side of the curtain wall 18, which is an outer window. The curtain wall 18 has two layers of surface materials 18a, 18b, which are held together by outer window frames 43 and mullions 48 on the top, bottom, left, and right. The outer window frame 43 and mullions 48 are window frames that are fixed to the building structure 42a, such as a wall, of the building 42, for example, using fasteners 44. The outer window frame 43 is an extruded member made of a metal material that includes aluminum. The outer window frame 43 is surface-treated in the same or similar manner as the frames 12a to 12d described above.

Each of the frames 12a to 12d is attached to a base material 46 fixed to the structure 42a and a post 48 connected to the outer window frame 43. The base material 46 is a sheet metal member such as steel or stainless steel. The base material 46 is fixed to the structure 42a and is a structure member that fixes the frame body 12 relatively to the structure 42a. The post 48 is an extruded member of a metal material including aluminum. The post 48 is a vertical member that separates each unit of the curtain wall 18 lined up on the left and right. The post 48 stands between the upper and lower frame parts 43a, 43b and is connected to the frame parts 43a, 43b, and is a structure member that fixes the frame body 12 relatively to the structure 42a.

As shown in Figures 3 to 5, when each of the frames 12a to 12d is fixed to the base material 46, a frame member (panel) 50 is sandwiched between the frame member 12a to 12d and the base material 46. The frame member 50 is a decorative material that frames the four perimeters of the interior side of the opening device 10, and is, for example, an extruded shape of a metal material containing aluminum. The frame member 50 is fastened to the base material 46 together with the frame body 12 using screws 27. The mullions 48 and the frame member 50 are also subjected to the same or similar surface treatment as the frames 12a to 12d described above.

Next, the first mounting structure will be described. In the first mounting structure, the upper frame 12a and the lower frame 12b are in an exposed position, and the vertical frames 12c and 12d are in a concealed position. The upper frame 12a and the lower frame 12b in the exposed position are positioned in a position that protrudes on the inside of the outer window frame 43 (see Figures 3 and 4). The vertical frames 12c and 12d in the concealed position are positioned in a position that is hidden on the indoor side of the outer window frame 43 (see Figures 5 and 6).

3, in the exposed arrangement, the upper frame 12a is attached to the frame member using the first mounting portion 25a. Specifically, the upper frame 12a abuts the protruding piece 20d protruding from the outer visible surface 20a against the visible surface 46a of the ceiling-side base material 46 with the frame member 50 sandwiched therebetween. Furthermore, the upper frame 12a abuts the exterior visible piece 21 against the interior visible surface 52 of the left and right vertical frame portions 43c, 43d of the outer window frame 43. The upper frame 12a is fixed to the frame 42a via the base material 46 by fastening the wall portion 20 to the base material 46 with the screw 27 through the first mounting hole 20c. The protruding piece 20d may be directly abutted against the visible surface 46a without interposing the frame member 50 between the outer visible surface 20a and the visible surface 46a. Reference numeral 72 in Figures 3 and 4 denotes mortar filled on the body 42a side of the base material 46.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the exposed arrangement, the lower frame 12b is attached to the frame member using the first mounting portion 25a. The mounting structure of the lower frame 12b to the frame member (base material 46) is the same as that of the upper frame 12a. That is, the lower frame 12b is fixed to the frame 42a via the base material 46 by fastening the wall portion 20 to the base material 46 with the screw 27 through the first mounting hole 20c. In the lower frame 12b, the frame member 50 may not be interposed between the outer visible surface 20a and the visible surface 46a, and the protruding piece 20d may be directly abutted against the visible surface 46a. The upper frame 12a and the lower frame 12b may be connected to the visible surface of the upper frame portion 43a of the outer window frame 43 instead of or together with the base material 46.

In this embodiment, the exposed upper frame 12a and lower frame 12b have a gap C between the frame member 50 (or the projection surface 46a of the base material 46) and the outer projection surface 20a, the height of which is equal to the height of the protruding piece 20d. In the upper frame 12a and lower frame 12b, the thermal expansion member 32 provided on the outer projection surface 20a is arranged in the gap C. As a result, the upper frame 12a and lower frame 12b secure a space (gap C) between the outer projection surface 20a and the projection surface 46a, enabling the thermal expansion member 32 to be securely installed. In addition, the lower frame 12b is less likely to become hotter than the upper frame 12a located above it in the event of a fire. Therefore, the thermal expansion member 32 on the outer projection surface 20a of the lower frame 12b may be omitted. The thermal expansion member 32 may be directly sandwiched between the outer projection surface 20a and the frame member 50 (or the projection surface 46a) without providing the protruding piece 20d.

In addition, in the exposed arrangement, the space between the upper frame 12a and the lower frame 12b and the outer window frame 43 is airtight from the inside to the outside by the outdoor airtight portion 29a of the second airtight material 29 being in close contact with the indoor visible surface 52 (see Figures 3 and 4).

Next, the vertical frames 12c and 12d that are arranged in a concealed manner will be described. Depending on the construction position, the vertical frames 12c and 12d can be arranged in a first concealed arrangement (see FIG. 5) in which they are fixed to the main body 42a via the base material 46, or in a second concealed arrangement (see FIG. 6) in which they are fixed to the post 48. The construction state of the vertical frame 12d is not shown, but it may be the same as the vertical frame 12c shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 except that it has a symmetrical structure.

As shown in FIG. 5, in the first concealed arrangement, the vertical frame 12c (12d) is attached to the frame member using the first mounting portion 25a. Specifically, the vertical frame 12c (12d) abuts the outer visible surface 20a (protruding piece 20d) against the visible surface 46a of the base material 46 on the side wall side. Furthermore, the vertical frame 12c (12d) abuts the exterior visible piece 21 against the interior visible surface 53 of the lower frame portion 43b and the interior visible surfaces 52 of the vertical frame portions 43c and 43d. The vertical frame 12c (12d) is fixed to the frame 42a via the base material 46 by fastening the wall portion 20 to the base material 46 with screws 27 through the first mounting holes 20c. As a result, the vertical frame 12c (12d) in the first concealed arrangement is installed in a state where it is almost entirely concealed on the indoor side of the vertical frame portion 43c (43d) of the outer window frame 43. The vertical frames 12c, 12d may be connected to the indoor facing surface 52 of the vertical frame portion 43c, 43d of the outer window frame 43 instead of or together with the base material 46.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the second concealed arrangement, the vertical frame 12c (12d) is attached to the frame member using the second mounting portion 25b. Specifically, the vertical frame 12c (12d) is arranged on the indoor side of the indoor side facing surface 48b of the upright 48. The outdoor side facing surface of the outdoor side facing piece 21 of the vertical frame 12c (12d) is abutted against the indoor side facing surface 48b of the upright 48. The vertical frame 12c (12d) is fixed to the upright 48, which is a frame member, by fastening the outdoor side facing piece 21 to the upright 48 with the screw 27 through the second mounting hole 21a. As a result, the vertical frame 12c (12d) in the second concealed arrangement is installed in a state where almost the entirety is concealed on the indoor side of the upright 48. Note that reference numeral 56 in FIG. 6 is a cover member that covers and conceals the vertical frame 12c (12d). Reference number 57 is a support member that supports one end of the cover member 56.

In the vertical frame 12c (12d) of the first concealed arrangement, the first airtight material 23 protruding from the outer visible surface 20a of the wall section 20 is tightly attached to the indoor visible surface 53 and the frame member 50, thereby providing airtightness between the indoor and outdoor sides (see FIG. 5). In the vertical frame 12c (12d) of the second concealed arrangement, the outdoor airtight portion 29a of the second airtight material 29 is tightly attached to the indoor visible surface 48b of the mullion 48, thereby providing airtightness between the indoor and outdoor sides (see FIG. 6).

Therefore, in the opening device 10 installed with the first mounting structure, the upper frame 12a and the lower frame 12b are connected to the visible surface 46a of the base material 46 and are arranged to protrude inside the frame of the outer window frame 43. That is, consider the case where the upper frame 12a is arranged in a concealed manner like the vertical frames 12c and 12d shown in FIG. 5. In this case, the upper frame 12a is installed by inserting the upper end into the space formed by removing the upwardly facing, approximately U-shaped base material 46 shown in FIG. 3, for example. In that case, when removing the surface material 14 for maintenance, etc., it is necessary to remove the frame member 50 and blind box 58 installed on the indoor side before removing the batten 16 (upper edge material 16a), which is time-consuming. In this respect, the upper frame 12a of this embodiment is arranged in an exposed manner as shown in FIG. 3, so the batten 16 can be easily attached and detached, and high maintainability is obtained. The blind box 58 is a box that houses the upper end of a blind (not shown) that is installed on the indoor side of the opening device 10, and is fixed to the base material 46, etc.

However, in the opening device 10, since the upper frame 12a and the lower frame 12b are exposed, when the upper frame 12a and the lower frame 12b are warped due to thermal deformation during a fire, a gap penetrating in the indoor/outdoor direction is formed between each outer projection surface 20a (projecting piece 20d) and the base material 46 or the frame member 50. This gap is a through hole penetrating from the indoor to the outdoor, and becomes a passageway for flames and smoke. Therefore, in the opening device 10 of this embodiment, even if the upper frame 12a or the lower frame 12b is warped and deformed during a fire, the gap formed between the outer projection surface 20a and the base material 46, which is a structural member, can be blocked by the expansion of the thermal expansion member 32 provided on the outer projection surface 20a. As a result, the opening device 10 has high fire resistance.

On the other hand, even if the vertical frames 12c, 12d arranged in a concealed position are warped and deformed during a fire, the outside of the room is hidden by the vertical frame parts 43c, 43d and the mullions 48, and no through holes are formed inside or outside the room. Therefore, the vertical frames 12c, 12d can ensure fire resistance even if the thermal expansion member 32 on the outer visible surface 20a is omitted, and the parts cost and construction cost of the thermal expansion member 32 can be reduced. Moreover, the vertical frames 12c, 12d of the opening device 10 are arranged in a concealed manner, so that the vertical frames 12c, 12d and the vertical frames 30c, 30d are prevented from being seen from outside the building 42 through the surface materials 18a, 18b of the curtain wall 18. As a result, the opening device 10 can improve the appearance quality of the building 42. In addition, the opening device 10 maximizes the apparent opening area of the panel 14 by concealing the left and right vertical frames 12c and 12d, which are more noticeable than the upper frame 12a and lower frame 12b when viewing the outside from inside the room through the panel 14.

Next, the second mounting structure will be described. In the second mounting structure, the exposed arrangement of the upper frame 12a and the lower frame 12b is the same or similar to that of the first mounting structure, but the vertical frames 12c and 12d are also exposed. Depending on the installation position, the vertical frames 12c and 12d can be in a first exposed arrangement (see Figure 7) in which they are fixed to the main body 42a via the base material 46, or in a second exposed arrangement (see Figure 8) in which they are fixed to the uprights 48. The installation state of the vertical frame 12d is not shown, but it may be the same as the vertical frame 12c shown in Figures 7 and 8 except that it has a symmetrical structure.

As shown in FIG. 7, in the first exposed arrangement, the vertical frame 12c (12d) is attached to the frame member using the first mounting portion 25a. Specifically, the vertical frame 12c (12d) abuts the outer projection surface 20a (protruding piece 20d) against the projection surface 46a of the base material 46 on the side wall side with the frame member 50 sandwiched between them. Furthermore, the vertical frame 12c (12d) abuts the exterior projection piece 21 against the interior projection surface 53 of the lower frame portion 43b of the outer window frame 43 and the interior projection surfaces 52 of the vertical frame portions 43c and 43d. The vertical frame 12c (12d) is fixed to the frame 42a via the base material 46 by fastening the wall portion 20 to the base material 46 with screws 27 through the first mounting holes 20c.

As shown in FIG. 8, in the second exposed arrangement, the vertical frame 12c (12d) is attached to the frame member using the first mounting portion 25a. Specifically, the vertical frame 12c (12d) is placed on the side of the inner projection surface 48a of the upright 48. The outer projection surface 20a of the vertical frame 12c (12d) abuts against the inner projection surface 48a of the upright 48. The vertical frame 12c (12d) is fixed to the upright 48, which is a frame member, by fastening the wall portion 20 to the upright 48 with screws 27 through the first mounting holes 20c.

In such an exposed arrangement, the vertical frames 12c, 12d do not protrude from the indoor side of the indoor facing surface 48b of the upright 48, particularly at the attachment portion with the upright 48 shown in FIG. 8. This prevents the opening device 10 from impairing the interior of the building 42. The vertical frames 12c (12d) in the first exposed arrangement are airtight from the indoor side by the first airtight material 23 protruding from the outer facing surface 20a of the wall 20 being in close contact with the indoor facing surface 53 and the frame member 50 (see FIG. 7). The vertical frames 12c (12d) in the second exposed arrangement are airtight from the indoor side by the first airtight material 23 protruding from the outer facing surface 20a of the wall 20 being in close contact with the inner facing surface 48a of the upright 48 (see FIG. 8).

Therefore, in the opening device 10 installed with the second mounting structure, the vertical frames 12c and 12d are connected to the projection surface 46a of the base material 46 and the inner projection surface 48a of the mullion 48, and are arranged to protrude inside the frame of the outer window frame 43 and the mullion 48. Therefore, if the vertical frames 12c and 12d are warped and deformed due to heating during a fire, gaps that penetrate in the indoor and outdoor directions are formed between the respective outer projection surfaces 20a (projecting pieces 20d) and the base material 46 or the mullion 48, and there is a concern that these gaps will become a passageway for flames and smoke. Therefore, in the opening device 10 of this embodiment, even if the vertical frames 12c and 12d are warped and deformed during a fire, the gaps formed between the outer projection surface 20a and the mullion 48 or base material 46, which are the structural members, can be blocked by the expansion of the thermal expansion member 32 provided on the outer projection surface 20a. As a result, the opening device 10 has high fire resistance.

As described above, the opening device 10 of this embodiment has a thermal expansion member 32 at least between the outer visible surface 20a of the upper frame 12a and the visible surface 46a of the base material 46, which is a structural member connected thereto. As a result, the opening device 10 can build a fireproof structure in an area where fireproofing is required on the indoor side of the curtain wall 18, which is an exterior window with a non-fireproof structure. Therefore, a building 42 equipped with the opening device 10 can be equipped with a fireproof structure using the opening device 10 in a required position while maintaining a unified external design of the curtain wall 18, which is an exterior window. As a result, the opening device 10 allows the building 42 to ensure a specified fireproof performance while ensuring the external appearance quality of the exterior window.

On the other hand, in the first mounting structure, the vertical frames 12c, 12d, which are arranged in a concealed position, have their exterior facing surfaces (exterior facing pieces 21) wrapped around the interior facing surfaces of the mullions 48 and the exterior window frame 43, ensuring sufficient fire protection. Therefore, by not providing a thermally expandable member 32 in this area, product costs can be reduced.

In particular, the frame 12 of the opening device 10 is an extruded material containing aluminum, but the thermal expansion member 32 ensures sufficient fire resistance. This allows the frame 12 to be constructed without using more fire-resistant materials such as iron or stainless steel, making the opening device 10 lighter and less expensive.

In addition, in the window device of this embodiment, the window frame (outer window frame 43, mullion 48) of the curtain wall 18, which is the outer window, is also an extruded material containing aluminum. The window frame and frame body 12 are treated with the same or similar surface treatment. This increases the uniformity of the appearance of the outer window (curtain wall 18) and the inner window (opening device 10) of the building 42, and provides a high appearance quality. In other words, in this embodiment, the window frame (outer window frame 43, mullion 48) of the outer window and the frame body 12 of the inner window are both formed from a material containing aluminum, making it possible to use the same or similar surface treatment. Note that the window frame and frame body 12 having the same or similar surface treatment include, for example, cases where the aesthetic appearance of both frames is completely the same, or where they have similar colors, patterns, fine shapes, etc., or where the same or similar surface treatment is used during the production process.

In the opening device 10 of this embodiment, the vertical frames 12c, 12d have a first mounting portion 25a on the outer visible surface 20a and a second mounting portion 25b on the outdoor visible surface (outdoor visible piece 21). This allows the frame body 12 to be flexibly attached to a structural member using at least one of the mounting portions 25a, 25b (see Figures 5 to 8). In other words, the opening device 10 can use the frame body 12 in both the exposed and concealed arrangements described above. As a result, the opening device 10 is highly versatile and can be adapted to different installation conditions while still reducing manufacturing costs.

In addition, in the opening device 10 of this embodiment, each frame 12a to 12d has a first airtight material pocket 22 on the outer visible surface 20a, and a second airtight material pocket 28 on the outdoor visible surface (outdoor visible piece 21). This makes it possible to construct a flexible airtight line by attaching airtight materials 23, 29 to at least one of the airtight material pockets 22, 28 when the frame body 12 is attached to the structural components of the building 42, making it highly versatile.

The opening device according to the present invention is an opening device installed as an inner window on the indoor side of an exterior window facing the outside of a building, and is provided with a frame body having an upper frame, a lower frame, and left and right vertical frames, and a heat-resistant surface material supported by the opening of the frame body, and at least the upper frame has an outer prospective surface connected to the prospective surface of the building's structural member or the window frame of the exterior window, and a first thermally expandable member that expands when heated is provided between the outer prospective surface and the prospective surface of the window frame. According to this configuration, the upper frame of the opening device, which is an inner window, is fixed so as to protrude from the prospective surface of the structural member or the window frame of the exterior window. Then, the first thermally expandable member is interposed between the outer prospective surface of the frame body and the prospective surface of the structural member, etc. Therefore, even if the upper frame is warped and deformed during a fire, it is possible to suppress the formation of a through hole in the indoor/outdoor direction between the outer prospective surface and the structural member, etc. As a result, a fireproof structure can be constructed on the interior side of the exterior window in areas where fire protection is required, providing a sufficient fireproof structure while maintaining the exterior quality of the exterior window.

The first thermally expandable member may be configured to have a protruding piece that protrudes from the outer projected surface and whose tip abuts against the projected surface of the window frame to form a gap between the projected surface of the window frame and the outer projected surface, and the first thermally expandable member may be configured to be disposed in the gap. In this way, the first thermally expandable member can be reliably and easily installed between the outer projected surface and the projected surface.

The lower frame may be configured so that its outer visible surface is connected to the visible surface of the building's structural member or the window frame, and the left and right vertical frames have their exterior visible surfaces connected to the interior visible surfaces of the window frame of the exterior window. In this way, the left and right vertical frames, which are more noticeable than the upper and lower frames from an external perspective, are hidden on the interior side of the window frame of the exterior window, making it possible to prevent the opening device from being noticeable when the exterior window is viewed from outside.

A thermal expansion member that expands when heated may not be provided between the exterior facing surface and the interior facing surface of the window frame. In other words, by arranging the vertical frame so that it is hidden on the interior side of the exterior window frame, sufficient fire protection performance can be obtained, and the cost of parts and installation of the thermal expansion member can be reduced.

The frame may be made of an extruded material of a metal material containing aluminum. In other words, the opening device can provide sufficient fire protection between the frame and the structural member or the window frame of the exterior window. Therefore, by forming the frame from an extruded material containing aluminum, it is possible to achieve a lightweight and low-cost structure while ensuring high appearance quality by applying the desired surface treatment.

A second thermal expansion member that expands when heated may be provided between the inner visible surface of the upper frame and the upper end surface of the panel, a third thermal expansion member that expands when heated may be provided between the inner visible surface of the lower frame and the lower end surface of the panel, and a fourth thermal expansion member that expands when heated may be provided between the inner visible surfaces of the left and right vertical frames and the side end surfaces of the panel. In this way, a fireproof structure is also created between the frame body and the panel.

The window device according to the present invention is a window device in which an opening device that serves as an inner window is installed on the indoor side of an exterior window that faces the outside of a building, and the opening device comprises a frame body having an upper frame, a lower frame, and left and right vertical frames, and a heat-resistant surface material that is supported at the opening of the frame body, and at least the upper frame has an outer visible surface that is connected to a structural member of the building or the visible surface of the window frame of the exterior window, and a thermally expandable member that expands when heated is provided between the outer visible surface and the visible surface of the window frame. With this configuration, a fireproof structure can be constructed in the area where fireproofing is required on the indoor side of the exterior window, and a sufficient fireproof structure can be provided while ensuring the appearance quality of the exterior window.

The frame body may be made of an extruded shape of a metal material containing aluminum, the window frame may be made of an extruded shape of a metal material containing aluminum, and the frame body and the window frame may be subjected to the same or a similar surface treatment. This unifies the external design of the exterior window and the interior window, further improving the external quality.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can of course be freely modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, in the above, a curtain wall 18 is exemplified as an exterior window when the opening device 10 is used as an interior window. However, the exterior window may be something other than a curtain wall, such as a sliding window such as a double sliding window, a pivoting window such as a casement window, or a window system such as a sash window, or a door.

10 Opening device, 12 Frame, 12a Upper frame, 12b Lower frame, 12c, 12d Vertical frame, 14, 18a, 18b Surface material, 16 Edge, 18 Curtain wall, 20 Wall, 20a Outside visible surface, 20d Protruding piece, 30f, 48b, 52, 53 Interior visible surface, 30g Exterior visible surface, 32 Thermal expansion member, 42 Building, 42a Body, 43 Exterior window frame, 46 Base material, 46a Visible surface, 48 Mullion, 50 Frame member

Claims (5)

An opening device that is installed as an inner window on the indoor side of an exterior window facing the outside of a building,
A frame body having an upper frame, a lower frame, and left and right vertical frames;
A surface material supported by the opening of the frame body;
Equipped with
The left and right vertical frames are:
A first mounting portion provided on the outer visible surface and capable of being directly connected to a part of the framework member of the building by a screw ;
a second mounting portion provided on the exterior facing surface of the building and directly connectable to another portion of the building frame member different from the portion of the building frame member by a screw ;
having
The left and right vertical frames are connected to the frame member by selectively using one of the first mounting portion and the second mounting portion.
An opening device comprising: An opening device that is installed as an inner window on the indoor side of an exterior window facing the outside of a building,
A frame body having an upper frame, a lower frame, and left and right vertical frames;
A surface material supported by the opening of the frame body;
Equipped with
The left and right vertical frames are:
A first mounting portion provided on the outer visible surface and connectable to a structural member of the building;
A second mounting portion provided on the exterior facing surface of the building and connectable to a structural member of the building;
having
The left and right vertical frames are:
A first airtight material pocket capable of installing a first airtight material is provided on the outer visible surface, and a wall portion forming the outer visible surface;
A second airtight material pocket in which a second airtight material can be installed is provided on the exterior facing surface, and an exterior facing piece protruding from the exterior end of the wall portion to the inside of the frame body;
An opening device comprising: 3. The opening device according to claim 1 or 2,
The left and right vertical frames are provided on their inner surfaces with thermal expansion members that expand when heated.
An opening device comprising: A window device in which the opening device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is installed as an inner window of an exterior window facing the outside of a building,
The outer window is
An outer window frame having an upper frame portion, a lower frame portion, and left and right vertical frame portions;
A support standing between the upper frame portion and the lower frame portion;
An exterior window panel supported by the exterior window frame and the mullion;
Equipped with
The upper frame and the lower frame have their outer visible surfaces connected to the visible surfaces of the structural member or the outer window frame,
The window device, characterized in that the left and right vertical frames are connected to the frame member or the outer window frame using the first mounting portion or the second mounting portion. 5. A window device according to claim 4,
The framework member includes a base material fixed to a framework of the building and the upright,
A window device characterized in that the left and right vertical frames are connected to the base material or the visible surface of the upright using the first mounting portion, or are connected to the indoor visible surface of the upright using the second mounting portion.