JP7713706B2 - Grating - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to gratings used, for example, as roadside ditch covers or decks of bridges, roads, factories, etc.

Conventionally, gratings used for groove covers and the like have an anti-slip structure on the upper surface to prevent pedestrians, cars, etc. from slipping when passing over them. For example, the grating disclosed in Patent Document 1 consists of multiple main members with a roughly I-shaped cross section extending in a predetermined direction, and multiple cross members connecting the main members, which extend in a lattice pattern, and multiple protrusions with a truncated cone shape or a truncated square shape are provided on the upper surface of each main member protruding upward. The protrusions are arranged in a staggered or lattice pattern in the longitudinal direction of the upper surface of the main member in a plan view, which gives the upper surface of each main member an uneven shape with high slip resistance.

Microfilm of Utility Model Application No. 62-44943 (Utility Model Application No. 63-151505)

When it rains, rainwater pools on the flat areas of the top surface of each main member, excluding the protrusions. At this time, the pooled rainwater causes the widthwise center of the main members to rise due to surface tension, covering the entire area of each protrusion on the top surface of each main member, or even covering most of it. As a result, for example, when pedestrians or cars pass over the grating, a lot of rainwater adheres to their shoes or tires, reducing the friction between the top surfaces of each main member. This causes a problem that even if the structure is such that pedestrians and others can easily pass without slipping due to the uneven shape of the top surfaces of each main member on sunny days, it suddenly becomes easy for pedestrians to slip when it rains.

The present invention was made in consideration of these points, and its purpose is to provide a grating that allows pedestrians and vehicles to pass through without slipping, not only on sunny days but also on rainy days.

To achieve the above objective, the present invention is characterized by its ingenuity in reducing the surface tension of rainwater that accumulates on the upper surface of the main component.

Specifically, the grating is configured with multiple main members extending in a specific horizontal direction and multiple cross members connecting the main members, which are arranged in a grid pattern in a plan view, and each main member has multiple anti-slip protrusions protruding upwards on its upper surface, and the following measures have been taken.

That is, in the first invention, each of the protrusions has a first protrusion arranged in a row at the widthwise center of the upper surface of the main member at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the main member, and each side edge of the upper surface of the main member is provided with an inclined or curved surface for preventing water pooling that gradually decreases as it moves horizontally outward perpendicular to the main member, so that the flat area on the upper surface of the main member excluding each of the protrusions becomes narrower and the surface tension of rainwater pooling on the upper surface of the main member becomes smaller.

In a second invention, in the first invention, each of the protrusions is composed of a first protrusion having a shape of any one of a pyramid shape, a truncated pyramid shape, a hemisphere shape, and a truncated cone shape, and a second protrusion arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the main member on at least one side of the top surface of the main member, and the total occupied area of each of the first protrusions in a planar view of the top surface of the main member is set to be greater than the total occupied area of each of the second protrusions in a planar view of the top surface of the main member.

In the first invention, the flat area on the top surface of each main component excluding the protrusions is narrowed, so the surface tension of rainwater pooling on the top surface of each main component is reduced. This makes it easier for rainwater pooling on the top surface of each main component to climb over the side edges of each main component and flow down the grating along the inclined or curved surface for preventing pooling, reducing the amount of rainwater pooling on the top surface of each main component. Therefore, for example, rainwater is less likely to adhere to shoes or tires when pedestrians or cars pass over the grating, and the uneven shape of the top surface of each main component caused by the protrusions can increase the slip resistance between the top surface of each main component, so pedestrians and cars can pass over the grating without their feet or tires slipping, not only on sunny days but also on rainy days.

In the second invention, when rain falls on the top surface of each main component, the first protrusions, which occupy a wide area of the widthwise central portion of the main component, make it difficult for rainwater to accumulate in the widthwise central region of the top surface of each main component, and the rainwater moves to the side of the top surface of each main component where the second protrusions are located. Therefore, rainwater is more likely to flow down the grating from the side of the top surface of each main component along the inclined or curved surface for preventing water retention, and the amount of rainwater accumulating on the top surface of each main component can be efficiently reduced.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a partial structure of a grating according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an oblique view showing a portion of the main component of the grating according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a view taken along the arrow III in FIG. 2 . FIG. 6 is a view taken along the arrow VI in FIG. 2 . FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion V in FIG. 3 . 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG. FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a view corresponding to FIG. 8 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

The following describes in detail an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the drawings. Note that the following description of the preferred embodiment is essentially merely exemplary.

First Embodiment of the Invention
1 shows a grating 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The grating 1 is used, for example, as a gutter cover to be hung across a drainage channel of a road, and includes a pair of end plates 2 in the form of bands extending parallel to each other in the horizontal direction at a predetermined interval, a plurality of band-shaped main members 3 arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of both end plates 2 and extending in a horizontal direction perpendicular to both end plates 2 to connect both end plates 2, and a plurality of cross members 4 manufactured by twisting square steel, arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of each main member 3, extending in a horizontal direction perpendicular to each main member 3 and connecting upper parts of each main member 3, and each main member 3 and each cross member 4 are arranged to extend in a lattice shape in a plan view.

As shown in FIG. 2, the main member 3 has a cross section that is roughly I-shaped with both sides recessed inward, and a number of protrusions 5 protruding upward from the top surface 3a of the main member 3 to prevent slipping.

The protrusions 5 are composed of a number of first protrusions 6 arranged in a row at the width center of the top surface 3a of the main member 3 so as to be equally spaced in the longitudinal direction of the main member 3, and a number of second protrusions 7 arranged in a row at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the main member 3 on each side of the top surface 3a of the main member 3, and each second protrusion 7 is located between each of the first protrusions 6 in plan view and side view, as shown in Figures 3 and 4.

The first protrusion 6 has a regular hexagonal pyramid shape, and its protrusion height H1 is set higher than the protrusion height h1 of the second protrusion 7. In the embodiment of the present invention, the protrusion height H1 of the first protrusion 6 is set to 1 to 2.5 mm, and the maximum width dimension D1 of the first protrusion 6 is set to 2 to 4 mm. In this way, the first protrusion 6 and the second protrusion 7 make the upper surface 3a of the main member 3 uneven, so that the shoes of pedestrians and tires of automobiles are easily caught on the upper surface 3a of each main member 3, and the slip resistance can be increased. In particular, by changing the protrusion height of the first protrusion 6 and the second protrusion 7, the uneven shape of the upper surface 3a of each main member 3 becomes more complex than when the protrusion height is uniform, so that the shoes of pedestrians and tires of automobiles are easily caught on the upper surface 3a of each main member 3, and the slip resistance can be further increased.

The six side surfaces 6a of the first protrusion 6 are arranged to face in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main member 3 in a plan view.

In other words, each side surface 6a is arranged to face in a direction that guides rainwater outward in the width direction of the main member 3, as indicated by arrows Z1 to Z6 in FIG. 5, and is not arranged to face in the longitudinal direction of the main member 3, as indicated by arrows Y1 and Y2.

Of the three pairs of side surfaces 6a that are symmetrically positioned about the center line of the first protrusion 6, each side surface 6a in one pair is arranged to face in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main member 3 in a plan view, and constitutes the drainage guide surface 6A of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, the ratio P1 of the widthwise dimension D1 of the main member 3 at the first protrusion 6 to the widthwise dimension D2 of the main member 3 at the top surface 3a of the main member 3 is set to 0.25 or more.

The second protrusions 7 are equilateral triangular pyramids, and as shown in FIG. 3, the second protrusions 7 arranged on one side of the top surface 3a of the main member 3 and the second protrusions 7 arranged on the other side are symmetrical with respect to the central portion of the main member 3 in the width direction.

The three side surfaces 7a of the second protrusion 7 are arranged to face in a direction that guides rainwater outward in the width direction of the main member 3, as shown by arrows z1 to z3 in Figure 5, and are not arranged to face in the longitudinal direction of the main member 3, as shown by arrows Y1 and Y2.

One side surface 7a of the second protrusion 7 is arranged to face a horizontal direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the main member 3 in a plan view, and constitutes the drainage guide surface 7A of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5, the total occupied area F1 of each first protrusion 6 in a plan view of the top surface 3a of the main member 3 is set to be larger than the total occupied area f1 of each second protrusion 7 in a plan view of the top surface 3a of the main member 3, as shown in FIG. 4.

Each side edge of the top surface of the main member 3 is provided with an inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention that gradually descends toward the outside in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the main member 3.

The inclination angle α of the inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention is set to 30 to 80 degrees, as shown in FIG. 6. The inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention extends in a straight line diagonally downward, so when the inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention is provided on the main member 3, a corner 8a is formed at the connecting portion between the inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention and the upper surface 3a of the main member 3. Therefore, the corner 8a is likely to catch on the shoes of pedestrians when passing through, so the grating 1 can be made easy for pedestrians to pass through even in rainy weather. In addition, since the inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention extends in a straight line diagonally downward, it can be formed on the main member 3 with simple processing, which has the advantage of keeping manufacturing costs low.

The inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention located on one widthwise side of the main member 3 faces the same direction in a plan view as the drainage guide surfaces 6A, 7A located on one widthwise side of the main member 3, and the inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention located on the other widthwise side of the main member 3 faces the same direction in a plan view as the drainage guide surfaces 6A, 7A located on the other widthwise side of the main member 3.

As shown in FIG. 6, the ratio P2 of the width dimension D4 of the main member 3 at each inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention to the width dimension D3 of the main member 3 is set to 0.1 to 0.3. In this embodiment of the invention, the width dimension D3 of the main member 3 is set to 7 to 10 mm.

Next, we will describe in detail the condition around each main component 3 of the grating 1 during rainy weather.

5 and 6, rainwater falling on the first protrusion 6 and the second protrusion 7 of each main member 3 during rainy weather flows down along the side surfaces 6a of the first protrusion 6 and the side surfaces 7a of the second protrusion 7, and reaches the flat area on the top surface of the main member 3 where it accumulates (see water accumulation portion 9 in FIG. 6). At this time, since each main member 3 of the present invention is provided with an inclined surface 8 for preventing water accumulation, the flat area on the top surface 3a of each main member 3, excluding each first protrusion 6 and each second protrusion 7, becomes narrow, and the surface tension of the rainwater that accumulates on the top surface 3a of each main member 3 becomes smaller. Then, the rainwater that accumulates on the top surface 3a of each main member 3 easily flows down below the grating 1 over the side edge of each main member 3 and along the inclined surface 8 for preventing water accumulation, and the amount of rainwater that accumulates on the top surface 3a of each main member 3 is reduced. Therefore, for example, when pedestrians or cars pass over the grating 1, rainwater is less likely to adhere to their shoes or tires, and the uneven shape of the upper surface 3a of each main member 3 due to each first protrusion 6 and each second protrusion 7 can increase the slip resistance between the upper surface 3a of each main member 3, so that pedestrians and cars can pass over the grating 1 without their feet or tires slipping, not only on sunny days but also on rainy days.

In addition, the total occupied area F1 of each first protrusion 6 in a plan view of the top surface 3a of the main member 3 is set to be greater than the total occupied area f1 of each second protrusion 7 in a plan view of the top surface 3a of the main member 3, so that each first protrusion 6 makes it difficult for rainwater to accumulate in the central region of the width direction of the top surface 3a of each main member 3, and causes it to move to the side of the top surface 3a of each main member 3 where each second protrusion 7 is located. Therefore, rainwater is more likely to flow down from the side of the top surface 3a of each main member 3 along the inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention and below the grating 1, and the amount of rainwater accumulating on the top surface 3a of each main member 3 can be efficiently reduced.

As shown in FIG. 5, each side 6a of the first protrusion 6 and each side 7a of the second protrusion 7 are oriented in a direction intersecting the longitudinal direction of the main member 3 in a plan view, so that each side 6a, 7a moves the rainwater toward the side on the top surface 3a of the main member 3. This makes it easier for the rainwater to flow down from the side of the top surface 3a of each main member 3 along the inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention, downwards through the grating 1.

In particular, the first protrusion 6 and the second protrusion 7 are provided with drainage guide surfaces 6A, 7A that face in the same direction as the inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention in a plan view. Therefore, when rainwater that falls on each of the first protrusions 6 and each of the second protrusions 7 flows over the drainage guide surfaces 6A, 7A, the rainwater flows down the inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention with the same momentum to the bottom of the grating 1. Therefore, rainwater that has accumulated on the upper surface 3a of each main member 3 can be efficiently removed.

Second Embodiment of the Invention
7 shows a grating 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. This second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that both side surfaces of the main member 3 are flat and have a generally band-shaped cross section. Therefore, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals and detailed descriptions are omitted.
As described above, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, even if the shape of both side surfaces of the main component 3 is flat, it is possible to obtain the same effects as those of the first embodiment.

Third Embodiment of the Invention
8 shows a grating 1 according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Since the third embodiment is similar to the first embodiment except for the structure of the main member 3, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are given the same reference numerals, and only the other differences will be described.

In the third embodiment, the protrusions 5 on the upper surface 3a of the main member 3 are frustoconical and are arranged in a staggered pattern on one side and the other side of the width of the main member 3 along the longitudinal direction of the main member 3.

As described above, according to the third embodiment of the present invention, even if the outer shape of the protrusion 5 on the upper surface 3a of the main member 3 is made into a truncated cone shape, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained.

Fourth embodiment of the invention
9 shows a grating 1 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. Since the fourth embodiment is similar to the third embodiment except that the structure of each protrusion 5 is different from that of the first embodiment, the same parts as those in the third embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and only the other different parts will be described.

In the third embodiment, the protrusions 5 on the upper surface 3a of the main member 3 are semi-spherical and are arranged in a staggered pattern on one side and the other side of the width of the main member 3 along the longitudinal direction of the main member 3.

As described above, according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, even if the outer shape of the protrusion 5 on the upper surface 3a of the main member 3 is made hemispherical, the same effect as that of the third embodiment can be obtained.

In the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention, the main member 3 has an inclined surface 8 on both side edges of the top surface 3a thereof to prevent water retention. However, the main member 3 may have an inclined surface 8 on only one side edge of the top surface 3a thereof to prevent water retention.

In addition, in the first and second embodiments of the present invention, the protruding height H1 of the first protrusion 6 is set higher than the protruding height h1 of the second protrusion 7, but this is not limited thereto, and they may be set to the same height or lower.

In addition, in the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention, in order to improve the drainage of the upper surface 3a of the main member 3, an inclined surface 8 for preventing water retention is formed on both side edges of the upper surface 3a of the main member 3, which extends diagonally downward in a straight line. However, this is not limited to this, and it is also possible to improve the drainage of the upper surface 3a of the main member 3 by forming a curved surface for preventing water retention that extends while curving diagonally downward on both side edges of the upper surface 3a of the main member 3.

In addition, in the first and second embodiments of the present invention, the first protrusion 6 has a regular hexagonal pyramid shape, and the second protrusion 7 has a regular triangular pyramid shape, but this is not limited thereto, and the shapes may be pyramids or truncated pyramids with a different number of corners, or may be truncated cones or cones.

In addition, the main member 3 in the third and fourth embodiments of the present invention has a substantially I-shaped cross section, but as in the second embodiment, the cross section may be substantially band-shaped.

In addition, in the first to fourth embodiments of the present invention, the protrusions 5 are arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the main member 3, but this is not limited thereto, and it is sufficient that they are arranged at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the main member 3.

The present invention is suitable for gratings used, for example, as roadside ditch covers or decks of bridges, roads, factories, etc.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 Grating 3 Main member 3a Top surface of main member 4 Horizontal member 5 Projection 6 First projection 6A Drainage guide surface 6a Side surface of first projection
7 Second protrusion 7A Drainage guide surface 7a Side surface of second protrusion 8 Inclined surface for preventing water retention

Claims (2)

A grating in which a plurality of main members extending in a predetermined horizontal direction and a plurality of cross members connecting the main members are configured to extend in a lattice shape in a plan view, and a number of anti-slip protrusions protruding upward from the upper surface of each of the main members are provided,
Each of the protrusions includes a first protrusion that is arranged in a row at a widthwise center of the upper surface of the main member at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the main member,
Each side edge of the upper surface of the main member is provided with an inclined or curved surface for preventing water retention that is gradually lowered toward the outside in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the main member so that the flat area on the upper surface of the main member excluding each of the protrusions becomes narrower and the surface tension of rainwater retained on the upper surface of the main member becomes smaller,
A grating, wherein the first protrusion has any one of a pyramidal shape, a truncated pyramidal shape, a hemispherical shape, and a truncated conical shape . In the grating according to claim 1,
Each of the protrusions is composed of the first protrusion and a second protrusion arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval in the longitudinal direction of the main member on at least one side of the upper surface of the main member,
A grating characterized in that the sum of the occupied areas of each of the first protrusions in a planar view of the top surface of the main member is set to be greater than the sum of the occupied areas of each of the second protrusions in a planar view of the top surface of the main member.