JP7713832B2 - Method for forming resin film on artificial lightweight aggregate - Google Patents
Method for forming resin film on artificial lightweight aggregateInfo
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- JP7713832B2 JP7713832B2 JP2021146217A JP2021146217A JP7713832B2 JP 7713832 B2 JP7713832 B2 JP 7713832B2 JP 2021146217 A JP2021146217 A JP 2021146217A JP 2021146217 A JP2021146217 A JP 2021146217A JP 7713832 B2 JP7713832 B2 JP 7713832B2
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- lightweight aggregate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Description
本発明の実施形態の一つは、人工軽量骨材などの軽量骨材の処理方法に関する。 One embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for treating lightweight aggregates, such as artificial lightweight aggregates.
コンクリートは、主にセメント、細骨材や粗骨材、軽量骨材などの骨材、水、および混和剤を混合してレディーミクストコンクリートを作製し、これを硬化させることで形成される。優れた機械的特性、耐候性、取り扱いの容易さ、経済性などに起因し、コンクリートは社会的生産基盤、経済基盤を創成するための重要な構造材料の一つとして様々な分野で幅広く利用されている。 Concrete is formed by mixing cement, aggregates such as fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, and lightweight aggregate, water, and admixtures to produce ready-mixed concrete, which is then hardened. Due to its excellent mechanical properties, weather resistance, ease of handling, and cost-effectiveness, concrete is widely used in a variety of fields as one of the important structural materials for creating social production and economic infrastructure.
骨材として軽量骨材を用いることでコンクリートの重量を低減することができるため、軽量骨材を含むコンクリートは高層建築物などの構造材料として使用することができる。軽量骨材は、人工軽量骨材、天然軽量骨材、副産軽量骨材に分類することができ、なかでも人工軽量骨材が広く普及している。人工軽量骨材は膨張頁岩、膨張粘土、膨張スレート、フライアッシュなどを主原料としており、表面や内部に大量の微細孔を有している。このため、軽量骨材を含むレディーミクストコンクリートを調整する際、レディーミクストコンクリートに含まれる水を過剰に吸収しないよう、軽量骨材に樹脂をコーティングすることが知られている（特許文献１から４参照。）。 The weight of concrete can be reduced by using lightweight aggregate as an aggregate, so concrete containing lightweight aggregate can be used as a structural material for high-rise buildings and the like. Lightweight aggregate can be classified into artificial lightweight aggregate, natural lightweight aggregate, and by-product lightweight aggregate, of which artificial lightweight aggregate is the most widely used. Artificial lightweight aggregate is made from expanded shale, expanded clay, expanded slate, fly ash, etc. as its main raw materials, and has a large number of micropores on its surface and inside. For this reason, when preparing ready-mixed concrete containing lightweight aggregate, it is known to coat the lightweight aggregate with a resin to prevent it from absorbing too much water contained in the ready-mixed concrete (see Patent Documents 1 to 4).
本発明の実施形態の一つは、軽量骨材に樹脂をコーティングして吸水率を制御、低下するための新しい方法を提供することを目的とする。あるいは、本発明の実施形態の一つは、軽量骨材に樹脂を効率よく、かつ低コストでコーティングするための方法を提供することを目的とする。 One embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a new method for controlling and reducing water absorption by coating lightweight aggregate with resin. Alternatively, one embodiment of the present invention aims to provide a method for coating lightweight aggregate with resin efficiently and at low cost.
本発明の実施形態の一つは、人工軽量骨材の吸水特性を低下させる方法である。この方法は、人工軽量骨材をコンベアで輸送しながら人工軽量骨材に光硬化性樹脂を散布すること、および人工軽量骨材をコンベアで輸送しながら、人工軽量骨材に散布された光硬化性樹脂に紫外線を照射することを含む。 One embodiment of the present invention is a method for reducing the water absorption properties of an artificial lightweight aggregate. The method includes spraying a photocurable resin onto the artificial lightweight aggregate while transporting the artificial lightweight aggregate on a conveyor, and irradiating the photocurable resin sprayed onto the artificial lightweight aggregate with ultraviolet light while transporting the artificial lightweight aggregate on the conveyor.
以下、本発明の各実施形態について、図面などを参照しつつ説明する。ただし、本発明は、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲において様々な態様で実施することができ、以下に例示する実施形態の記載内容に限定して解釈されるものではない。 Each embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in various forms without departing from the spirit of the invention, and should not be interpreted as being limited to the description of the embodiments exemplified below.
図面は、説明をより明確にするため、実際の態様に比べ、各部の幅、厚さ、形状などについて模式的に表される場合があるが、あくまで一例であって、本発明の解釈を限定するものではない。 In order to make the explanation clearer, the drawings may show the width, thickness, shape, etc. of each part in a schematic manner compared to the actual embodiment, but these are merely examples and do not limit the interpretation of the present invention.
以下、本発明の実施形態の一つに係る、人工軽量骨材の吸水特性を制御、低下させる方法について説明する。図１に本方法のフローチャートを示す。図１に示すように、まず、軽量骨材を作製する。具体的には、原材料として膨張真珠岩、膨張蛭石（バーミキュライト）、膨張頁岩、膨張粘土、膨張スレート、膨張フライアッシュ、膨張ボタ、または膨張スラッグなどを用い、原材料をロータリーキルンや立型炉などの加熱炉で加熱する。加熱温度は、原材料にも依存するが、例えば８００℃から１３００℃の範囲から選択すればよい。原材料を加熱する前または後に粉砕を行ってもよい。加熱処理により、原材料内に存在するガスが脱離し、これに起因し、得られる人工軽量骨材の表面や内部に多数の細孔が生成する。 The following describes a method for controlling and reducing the water absorption properties of an artificial lightweight aggregate according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 shows a flow chart of this method. As shown in Figure 1, first, a lightweight aggregate is prepared. Specifically, expanded perlite, expanded vermiculite, expanded shale, expanded clay, expanded slate, expanded fly ash, expanded coal, or expanded slag is used as raw material, and the raw material is heated in a heating furnace such as a rotary kiln or a vertical furnace. The heating temperature depends on the raw material, but may be selected from the range of 800°C to 1300°C, for example. The raw material may be crushed before or after heating. The gas present in the raw material is desorbed by the heat treatment, which results in the formation of a large number of pores on the surface and inside of the resulting artificial lightweight aggregate.
引き続き、人工軽量骨材に対して光硬化性樹脂を散布し、その表面の全てまたは一部に光硬化性樹脂を塗布する。ここで、光硬化性樹脂の散布は、人工軽量骨材を輸送させながら行われる。例えば、図２に示すように、人工軽量骨材１２０をホッパー１００に投入し、コンベア１０２上に配置する。コンベア１０２は、例えば一対のプーリー１０６とそれを取り巻くベルト１０４を含むベルトコンベアでもよく、図示しないが、スクリューコンベアでもよい。コンベア１０２上に配置された人工軽量骨材１２０は、一定の速度で輸送され、遮光エリア１３０へ輸送される。 Then, the light-curable resin is sprayed onto the artificial lightweight aggregate, and the light-curable resin is applied to all or part of its surface. Here, the light-curable resin is sprayed while the artificial lightweight aggregate is being transported. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, the artificial lightweight aggregate 120 is put into a hopper 100 and placed on a conveyor 102. The conveyor 102 may be, for example, a belt conveyor including a pair of pulleys 106 and a belt 104 surrounding the pulleys 106, or may be a screw conveyor (not shown). The artificial lightweight aggregate 120 placed on the conveyor 102 is transported at a constant speed to the shading area 130.
遮光エリア１３０は、光硬化性樹脂が吸収する光、例えば２００ｎｍから４００ｎｍの紫外線が内部に照射されないように構成すればよい。例えば、遮光エリア１３０は、上記紫外線を吸収する色素や顔料が混合されたアクリル板で覆われた空間でもよい。 The light-shielding area 130 may be configured so that light absorbed by the photocurable resin, for example, ultraviolet light of 200 nm to 400 nm, is not irradiated into the interior. For example, the light-shielding area 130 may be a space covered with an acrylic plate mixed with a dye or pigment that absorbs the ultraviolet light.
引き続き、遮光エリア１３０内において、人工軽量骨材１２０をベルト１０４によって輸送しながら光硬化性樹脂１１０をノズル１０８から散布する。光硬化性樹脂１１０としては、アクリル系樹脂、エポキシ系樹脂、ポリイミド系樹脂、ポリシロキサン系樹脂、フッ素系樹脂などを用いることができる。光硬化性樹脂１１０は、紫外線と反応する開始剤を含んでもよく、または光反応性の置換基を有する側鎖を有してもよい。ノズル１０８には図示しない光硬化性樹脂１１０の供給源が接続され、ポンプ（図示しない）によってノズル１０８へ光硬化性樹脂１１０が供給される。このとき、光硬化性樹脂１１０の粘度を調整するため、溶媒を同時に供給してもよい。また、空気を同時に供給し、光硬化性樹脂１１０をスプレー法によって散布してもよい。この操作により、人工軽量骨材１２０の表面の全てまたは一部に光硬化性樹脂１１０が塗布される。 Next, in the light-shielding area 130, the artificial lightweight aggregate 120 is transported by the belt 104 while the photocurable resin 110 is sprayed from the nozzle 108. The photocurable resin 110 may be an acrylic resin, an epoxy resin, a polyimide resin, a polysiloxane resin, a fluorine resin, or the like. The photocurable resin 110 may contain an initiator that reacts with ultraviolet light, or may have a side chain with a photoreactive substituent. A supply source of the photocurable resin 110 (not shown) is connected to the nozzle 108, and the photocurable resin 110 is supplied to the nozzle 108 by a pump (not shown). At this time, a solvent may be supplied at the same time to adjust the viscosity of the photocurable resin 110. Air may also be supplied at the same time, and the photocurable resin 110 may be sprayed by a spray method. By this operation, the photocurable resin 110 is applied to all or part of the surface of the artificial lightweight aggregate 120.
遮光エリア１３０内には、光源１１４が備えられた照射装置１１２が配置される。光源１１４としては、Ｘｅショート・アークランプ、高圧水銀ランプ、ハロゲンランプ、重水素ランプなどを用いることができる。あるいは、ＫｒＣｌエキシマレーザ、ＫｒＦエキシマレーザなどのレーザ光源を用いてもよい。レーザ光源を用いる場合には、射出される光を光学素子で調整し、線形の照射面を有するレーザ光へ変形してもよい。 In the light-shielding area 130, an irradiation device 112 equipped with a light source 114 is arranged. As the light source 114, a Xe short arc lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, a halogen lamp, a deuterium lamp, or the like can be used. Alternatively, a laser light source such as a KrCl excimer laser or a KrF excimer laser may be used. When a laser light source is used, the emitted light may be adjusted by an optical element and transformed into a laser beam having a linear irradiation surface.
人工軽量骨材１２０の表面に塗布された光硬化性樹脂１１０は、光源１１４からの光によって架橋して硬化し、樹脂の被膜が形成される。これにより、人工軽量骨材１２０の細孔の少なくとも一部が樹脂膜によって覆われる。人工軽量骨材１２０による吸水は、細孔に水が浸入することが原因であるため、樹脂膜の形成により人工軽量骨材１２０の吸収率を低下させることができる。また、被膜の厚さや面積は、ベルト１０４の輸送速度や散布される光硬化性樹脂１１０の量や濃度を調整することで制御することができるので、人工軽量骨材１２０の吸収率の制御も可能である。 The photocurable resin 110 applied to the surface of the artificial lightweight aggregate 120 is cross-linked and hardened by the light from the light source 114, forming a resin coating. As a result, at least a portion of the pores of the artificial lightweight aggregate 120 are covered with the resin film. Since the water absorption by the artificial lightweight aggregate 120 is caused by water penetrating into the pores, the formation of the resin film can reduce the absorption rate of the artificial lightweight aggregate 120. In addition, the thickness and area of the coating can be controlled by adjusting the transport speed of the belt 104 and the amount and concentration of the photocurable resin 110 sprayed, so the absorption rate of the artificial lightweight aggregate 120 can also be controlled.
任意の構成として、樹脂膜が形成された人工軽量骨材（以下、樹脂被膜人工軽量骨材）１２２に対し、ブロワー１１６を用いて空気を吹き付けてもよい。空気を吹き付けることで、樹脂被膜人工軽量骨材１２２から残存する溶媒または未硬化の光硬化性樹脂１１０を取り除くことができる。あるいは、図３に示すように、ブロワー１１６を遮光エリア１３０内に配置してもよい。この場合、光源１１４からの光を照射する前に、人工軽量骨材１２０の表面上の光硬化性樹脂１１０に対して送風処理を行ってもよい。これにより、残存する溶媒や過剰の光硬化性樹脂１１０を取り除くことができるとともに、ベルト１０４に付着した光硬化性樹脂１１０を除去することができる。その結果、コンベア１０２から硬化した光硬化性樹脂１１０を取り除くためのメンテナンスの頻度を低減することができ、このことは、樹脂被膜人工軽量骨材１２２の製造コストの低減に寄与する。 As an optional configuration, air may be blown onto the artificial lightweight aggregate 122 on which the resin film is formed (hereinafter referred to as resin-coated artificial lightweight aggregate) using a blower 116. By blowing air, the remaining solvent or uncured photocurable resin 110 can be removed from the resin-coated artificial lightweight aggregate 122. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 3, the blower 116 may be placed in a light-shielding area 130. In this case, before irradiating the light from the light source 114, an air blowing process may be performed on the photocurable resin 110 on the surface of the artificial lightweight aggregate 120. This makes it possible to remove the remaining solvent and excess photocurable resin 110, and also to remove the photocurable resin 110 adhering to the belt 104. As a result, the frequency of maintenance for removing the cured photocurable resin 110 from the conveyor 102 can be reduced, which contributes to reducing the manufacturing cost of the resin-coated artificial lightweight aggregate 122.
ベルト１０４への光硬化性樹脂１１０の付着を防止または抑制するため、ベルト１０４に複数の貫通孔１０４ａを設けてもよい（図４（Ａ）、図４（Ｂ））。貫通孔１０４ａの形状は任意に設定すればよく、図４（Ａ）のように円形または略円形でもよく、あるいは複数の直線状のフレーム１０４ｂによって形成される四角形でもよい（図４（Ｂ））。貫通孔１０４ａの大きさは、人工軽量骨材１２０が通過しない大きさが好ましく、貫通孔１０４ａの最大長（ベルト１０４が形成する面内における最大の長さ）Ｌは、１ｍｍ以上５ｍｍ以下または１ｍｍ以上５ｍｍ未満が好ましい。複数の貫通孔１０４ａを設けることで、人工軽量骨材１２０の表面に付着されずにベルト１０４に付着した未硬化の光硬化性樹脂１１０を除去することができるので、ベルト１０４上に硬化した光硬化性樹脂１１０が堆積することを防ぐことができる。図示しないが、ベルト１０４から落下した未硬化の光硬化性樹脂１１０を回収するための容器をコンベア１０２の下に設けてもよい。回収された未硬化の光硬化性樹脂１１０をフィルタで濾過した後、再度ノズル１０８から人工軽量骨材１２０に対して散布してもよい。 In order to prevent or suppress adhesion of the photocurable resin 110 to the belt 104, a plurality of through holes 104a may be provided in the belt 104 (FIGS. 4(A) and 4(B)). The shape of the through holes 104a may be set arbitrarily, and may be circular or nearly circular as shown in FIG. 4(A), or may be a rectangle formed by a plurality of linear frames 104b (FIG. 4(B)). The size of the through holes 104a is preferably a size that does not allow the artificial lightweight aggregate 120 to pass through, and the maximum length L of the through holes 104a (the maximum length in the plane formed by the belt 104) is preferably 1 mm or more and 5 mm or less, or 1 mm or more and less than 5 mm. By providing a plurality of through holes 104a, the uncured photocurable resin 110 that is not attached to the surface of the artificial lightweight aggregate 120 and that is attached to the belt 104 can be removed, so that the accumulation of the cured photocurable resin 110 on the belt 104 can be prevented. Although not shown, a container for collecting the uncured photocurable resin 110 that falls from the belt 104 may be provided under the conveyor 102. The collected uncured photocurable resin 110 may be filtered through a filter and then sprayed again onto the artificial lightweight aggregate 120 from the nozzle 108.
本発明の実施形態を適用することで、人工軽量骨材の表面に樹脂の被膜を効率よく、かつ低コストで形成することができる。このため、得られる樹脂被膜人工軽量骨材１２２の吸水率を容易に制御することができる。したがって、レディーミクストコンクリートを調製する際に大量の水が吸収されて粘度が増大し、輸送に必要な圧力の増大を招くことを避けることができるとともに、硬化して得られるコンクリートの特性を適切に調整することができる。 By applying the embodiment of the present invention, a resin coating can be formed on the surface of artificial lightweight aggregate efficiently and at low cost. This makes it easy to control the water absorption rate of the resulting resin-coated artificial lightweight aggregate 122. This makes it possible to avoid a large amount of water being absorbed when preparing ready-mixed concrete, which would increase the viscosity and lead to an increase in the pressure required for transportation, and also makes it possible to appropriately adjust the properties of the concrete obtained after hardening.
本発明の実施形態として上述した各実施形態は、相互に矛盾しない限りにおいて、適宜組み合わせて実施することができる。各実施形態を基にして、当業者が適宜構成要素の追加、削除もしくは設計変更を行ったものも、本発明の要旨を備えている限り、本発明の範囲に含まれる。 The above-described embodiments of the present invention may be combined as appropriate to the extent that they are not mutually inconsistent. Any embodiment in which a person skilled in the art appropriately adds or deletes components or modifies the design is also included within the scope of the present invention as long as it contains the gist of the present invention.
上述した各実施形態によりもたらされる作用効果とは異なる他の作用効果であっても、本明細書の記載から明らかなもの、または、当業者において容易に予測し得るものについては、当然に本発明によりもたらされるものと理解される。 Even if there are other effects and advantages different from those brought about by the above-mentioned embodiments, if they are clear from the description in this specification or can be easily predicted by a person skilled in the art, they are naturally understood to be brought about by the present invention.
１００：ホッパー、１０２：コンベア、１０４：ベルト、１０４ａ：貫通孔、１０４ｂ：フレーム、１０６：プーリー、１０８：ノズル、１１０：光硬化性樹脂、１１２：照射装置、１１４：光源、１１６：ブロワー、１２０：人工軽量骨材、１２２：樹脂被膜人工軽量骨材、１３０：遮光エリア 100: hopper, 102: conveyor, 104: belt, 104a: through hole, 104b: frame, 106: pulley, 108: nozzle, 110: photocurable resin, 112: irradiation device, 114: light source, 116: blower, 120: artificial lightweight aggregate, 122: resin-coated artificial lightweight aggregate, 130: light-shielding area
Claims (6)
前記人工軽量骨材を前記コンベアで輸送しながら、前記人工軽量骨材に散布された前記光硬化性樹脂に紫外線を照射して前記光硬化性樹脂を硬化させ、前記人工軽量骨材に樹脂膜を形成する第２の工程を含み、
前記コンベアは、前記第１の工程と前記第２の工程とを連続して行う一続きのコンベアである、人工軽量骨材の樹脂膜形成方法。 The method includes a first step of spraying a photocurable resin onto an artificial lightweight aggregate while transporting the artificial lightweight aggregate by a conveyor, and a second step of irradiating the photocurable resin sprayed onto the artificial lightweight aggregate with ultraviolet light while transporting the artificial lightweight aggregate by the conveyor to harden the photocurable resin and form a resin film on the artificial lightweight aggregate ,
A method for forming a resin film on an artificial lightweight aggregate , wherein the conveyor is a continuous conveyor that performs the first step and the second step in succession .
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| JPS5328054B2 (en) * | 1973-04-25 | 1978-08-11 | ||
| JPS5820909B2 (en) * | 1977-05-07 | 1983-04-26 | 昭和高分子株式会社 | Method for improving surface properties of substrates using spiroacetal resin paint |
| JPS60235753A (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1985-11-22 | 株式会社大林組 | Lightweight aggregate coated with synthetic resin |
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2021
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