JP7714230B2 - insole - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to an insole.

The human foot has a very complex biological mechanism. When a person walks, the load on the foot due to heel strike is usually about 1.5 times the person's body weight. When running or carrying additional weight such as a backpack, the load on the foot can exceed 3 times the person's body weight.
Furthermore, Japanese people are particularly bad at walking in a straight line. If you can walk or run in a straight line, it puts less strain on your legs and body, and it also makes you look slimmer.
Insoles are used by the many bones, muscles, ligaments, and tendons in the foot to absorb/dissipate impact forces, carry body weight and other weight, and provide propulsion. For this reason, various types of insoles have been available on the market in recent years.
For example, Patent Document 1 discloses that the cushioning and shoe insole provides sufficient support and controls the flexion and twisting of the foot even during strenuous activity.
To achieve this control, a recessed area is formed in the forefoot area on the bottom surface, and the structure is such that the ball of the foot bends as far as possible in the direction of forward movement.
The desire to walk smartly, walk safely, or run smartly remains the same for pregnant women (before and after childbirth), as well as for people with symptoms such as bunions, flat feet, Morton's syndrome, bow legs, etc.
In recent years, insoles for footwear for pre- and post-natal use have been sold. For example, Patent Document 1 describes how, in order to secure the birth canal of the pelvis in preparation for childbirth, the pelvic joints loosen due to the action of female hormones, and at the same time, the joints of the entire body's skeleton also loosen.

In addition, as the fetus grows, weight gain also occurs, causing problems such as pain in the lower limbs and lower back.
Furthermore, abdominal distension can impair balance when standing and walking, increasing the risk of falling backward.

In addition, this prenatal insole (also known as a prenatal insole) solves the problem of straining the muscles that maintain the limb position when the feet are spaced farther apart to maintain balance.

Specifically, in order to adjust the three arches of the foot skeleton (transverse arch, medial longitudinal arch, lateral longitudinal arch), convex portions for the transverse arch, medial longitudinal arch, and lateral longitudinal arch are provided on the surface of the insole.
These convex portions correct the foot skeleton due to loose joints, and also reduce the risk of falling backward by making the area corresponding to the forefoot higher than the area corresponding to the hindfoot.

Furthermore, the insole of Patent Document 1 has a high peripheral wall around the rear part of the foot (including the calcaneus).
These functions eliminate the need to widen the distance between the left and right feet to maintain balance, reducing the strain on the muscles that maintain this position.

On the other hand, if the leg bones that have loosened in preparation for childbirth are left as they are after giving birth, the bones will remain in a collapsed state, and orthopedic problems below the waist will continue to occur even after giving birth.

For this reason, it has been disclosed that postpartum insoles are designed with a convex shape to align the three arches (transverse arch, medial longitudinal arch, and lateral longitudinal arch) to achieve an ideal foot structure, and the calcaneus area is lower than in pre-natal insoles, allowing for a quicker recovery to the normal state before pregnancy.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-515205 Patent No. 3961970

As mentioned above, when walking, people first step out with their knees forward, and after their heels hit the ground, they place their feet on the ground in a path that goes from the little toe side to the big toe side, but because their knees are pointing outwards, they tend to walk with their legs turned outwards. This walking style is particularly evident in insoles for pre-natal insoles, post-natal insoles, insoles for bunions, insoles for flat feet, Morton's insoles, insoles for bow legs, etc.
For example, in conventional prenatal insoles, as the baby in the womb grows, the mother walks with her body arched, so that her weight is placed on the back of the foot and she does not fall backwards. To prevent this, the heel is made high and has a heel corner molded into a cup shape.
However, the shape of the rear heel of the foot varies from person to person, and in some cases the heel rises sharply from the bottom to the top, making it difficult to mold the R at the rear end of the heel corner of the insole to match the shape of the heel of the foot.
Therefore, the current practice is to mold the rear end of the heel corner to have a gentle R, which results in the heel of the foot resting on this R part, creating a gap between the heel and the upper at the back of the shoe, which means the foot moves slightly forward.

Furthermore, as your belly grows, it becomes difficult to walk with your toes pointed inward, so you must point your legs outwards to maintain balance, and so you gradually start walking with your legs turned inwards, then in between, and then outwards. This is especially true in the later stages of pregnancy.

In other words, as your body balance changes from early to mid to late pregnancy, the angle of your feet (the direction of your toes) also changes.
Walking with your legs outstretched can cause the following problems:
(A) The child begins to walk while swaying his or her body from side to side.
(B) The center of gravity moves from side to side, making walking unstable.
(C) It puts strain on the muscles.

On the other hand, postpartum insoles have the parts corresponding to the forefoot and the heel molded to be about the same height.
However, after giving birth, you will often have to wear high-heeled shoes, so you must be careful not to fall.

Furthermore, it is important for the foot to maintain three arches by supporting the heel, ball of the big toe, and ball of the little toe. However, when weight is applied, the sole of the fifth metatarsal also touches the ground, so the foot is actually supported at four points.
On the other hand, even insoles for bunions, flat feet, Morton's syndrome, bow legs, etc., have a high heel and a cup-shaped heel corner. As a result, a gap is created between the upper and the insole. This means that the foot is pushed forward a little, putting pressure on the toes and making the shoe more likely to slip off.
Also, people who cannot maintain their balance unless they walk with their legs apart will gradually go from walking with their legs apart, to walking with their legs apart, to walking with their legs apart, to walking with their legs apart, even if they use insoles for bunions, flat feet, Morton's disease, bow legs, etc.
The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide an insole that improves walking efficiency and allows for smart walking and running even when there are problems such as hallux valgus, flat feet, Morton's syndrome, bow legs, etc., before and after childbirth.

For pre-natal shoes, as the baby in the womb grows, the mother will walk with her body arched, so to prevent her weight from shifting to the back and falling backwards, the heel is made higher and has a cup-shaped heel corner.
However, the shape of the rear heel of the foot varies from person to person, and in some cases the heel rises sharply from the bottom to the top, making it difficult to mold the R at the rear end of the heel corner of the insole to match the shape of the heel of the foot.
Therefore, the current situation is that the rear end of the heel corner is molded to have a gentle R, which results in the heel of the foot resting on this R part, creating a gap between the heel and the upper, which means the foot moves forward a little.

Furthermore, as your belly grows, it becomes difficult to walk with your toes pointed inward, so you must point your legs outwards to maintain balance, and so you gradually start walking with your legs turned inwards, then in between, and then outwards. This is especially true in the later stages of pregnancy.

In other words, as your body balance changes from early to mid to late pregnancy, the angle of your feet (the direction of your toes) also changes.
Walking with your legs outstretched can cause the following problems:
(A) The child begins to walk while swaying his or her body from side to side.
(B) The center of gravity moves from side to side, making walking unstable.
(C) It puts strain on the muscles.

On the other hand, postpartum insoles have the parts corresponding to the forefoot and the heel molded to be about the same height.
However, after giving birth, women often wear high heels.

Furthermore, it is important for the foot to maintain three arches by supporting the heel, ball of the big toe, and ball of the little toe. However, when weight is applied, the base of the fifth metatarsal also touches the ground, so the foot is actually supported at four points.
Therefore, a structure that does not concentrate the load is desirable.
On the other hand, even insoles for bunions, flat feet, Morton's syndrome, bow legs, etc., have a high heel and a cup-shaped heel corner. As a result, a gap is created between the upper and the insole. This means that the foot is pushed forward a little, putting pressure on the toes and making the shoe more likely to slip off.
Also, people who cannot maintain their balance unless they walk with their legs apart will gradually go from walking with their legs apart, to walking with their legs apart, to walking with their legs apart, to walking with their legs apart, even if they use insoles for bunions, flat feet, Morton's disease, bow legs, etc.
The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and aims to provide an insole that improves walking efficiency and allows for smart walking and running even when there are problems such as hallux valgus, flat feet, Morton's syndrome, bow legs, etc., before and after childbirth.

The insole of the present invention is an insole having a convex portion formed on the surface side that comes into contact with the foot, which aligns the arch of the foot,
A linear flexion-inducing groove is formed between the back of the head of the third metatarsal bone, which is directly behind the area on the surface where the head of the third metatarsal bone is placed, and the back of the inner edge, which is directly behind the back of the ball of the big toe and directly behind the area where the ball of the big toe is placed.

As described above, according to the present invention, even if you have problems such as hallux valgus, flat feet, Morton's disease, bow legs, etc., as well as before and after childbirth, you can walk and run smartly with improved walking efficiency.
While addressing problems before and after childbirth, the insole supports push-off with its unique flexion-inducing grooves that are compatible with the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint), thereby improving walking efficiency and enabling less tiring walking.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a prenatal insole 200 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the underside of the prenatal insole 200. This is an explanatory diagram when viewed from the heel side (Q direction). 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a foot is put into a shoe using a prenatal insole 200, with the rear side of the heel portion of the upper 300 removed and viewed from the heel direction. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating the effect of putting a foot in a shoe using the prenatal insole 200. FIG. FIG. 2 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the prenatal insole 200. 6(b) is an explanatory diagram of each cross section of FIG. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a postpartum insole 400 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the underside of the postpartum insole 400. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the postpartum insole 400 when viewed from the heel side (QB direction). FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a postpartum insole 400 in a shoe with the foot in place, with the rear of the heel portion of the upper 510 removed and viewed from the heel direction. FIG. FIG. 4 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the postpartum insole 400. 12( b ) is an explanatory diagram of each cross section of FIG. 12( b ). FIG. 6 is a supplementary explanatory diagram of FIG. 5 . FIG. 1 is a top view of an insole for treating hallux valgus and flat feet. FIG. 1 is a top view of an insole for treating metatarsal heads and flat feet. FIG. 1 is a top view of an insole for preventing knee pain and lower back pain. FIG. 1 is a top view of an insole for preventing bow legs and plantar fasciitis. FIG. 10 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the insole 600 for preventing hallux valgus. 20A and 20B are cross-sectional views of the insole 600 for preventing hallux valgus shown in FIG. 19 as viewed from the heel side and of the various parts thereof. FIG. 10 is a detailed explanatory diagram of an insole 700 for treating flat feet. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the insole 700 for treating flat feet in FIG. 21 as viewed from the heel side. FIG. FIG. 10 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the insole 800 for treating metatarsal headache. 24 is an explanatory diagram of the insole 800 for preventing metatarsal headaches of FIG. 23 as viewed from the heel direction and cross-sectional views of each part. FIG. 1 is a detailed explanatory diagram of an insole 900 for preventing Morton's foot. 25 is an explanatory diagram of the insole 800 for preventing metatarsal headaches of FIG. 24 as viewed from the heel direction (e.g., FB3) and cross-sectional views of each part. FIG. 1 is a detailed explanatory diagram of an insole 1000 for preventing knee pain. 28 is an explanatory diagram showing the insole 1000 for preventing knee pain in FIG. 27 as viewed from the heel direction (for example, FB5) and cross-sectional views of each part. FIG. 11 is a detailed explanatory diagram of an insole 1100 for preventing lower back pain. 30 is an explanatory diagram showing the insole 1100 for preventing lower back pain in FIG. 29 as viewed from the heel direction (for example, FB6) and cross-sectional views of each part. FIG. 12 is a detailed explanatory diagram of an insole 1200 for preventing bow legs. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing an insole 1200 for preventing bow legs as viewed from the heel direction (for example, FB7) and cross-sectional views of each part. FIG. 13 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the insole 1300 for preventing plantar fasciitis. 34 is an explanatory diagram showing the insole 1300 for preventing plantar fasciitis in FIG. 33 as viewed from the heel direction (for example, FB8) and cross-sectional views of each part. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of an insole 1400 for preventing plantar fasciitis according to a fourth embodiment. FIG. 10 is an enlarged perspective view of the plantar fascia protection recess TD. FIG. 10 is a back view of a walking insole 1500 according to a fifth embodiment. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a walking insole 1500 according to the present embodiment, viewed from the back side. A cross-sectional view of a walking insole 1500. This is a cross-sectional view taken along the line JJ in Figure 38. FIG. 16 is a back view of a running insole 1600 according to a sixth embodiment. FIG. 16 is a plan view of a running insole 1600 according to the present embodiment, viewed from the back side. FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a running insole 1600 according to a sixth embodiment. 10 is an explanatory diagram of the movement of the foot when walking with an insole provided with the flexion-inducing grooves Ra of the present embodiment in a shoe. FIG.

The present invention is applicable to insoles in general, but is particularly effective for prenatal insoles, postnatal insoles, insoles for bunions, insoles for flat feet, insoles for Morton's foot, ..., insoles for bow legs (etc.). The embodiments shown below exemplify the products and methods that embody the technical concept (structure, arrangement) of the present invention, and the technical concept of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments and examples disclosed below. The technical concept of the present invention can be modified in various ways within the scope of the claims.
In particular, it should be noted that the drawings are schematic and may differ from the actual product.
In the following, we will explain in the order of pre-natal insoles, post-natal insoles, insoles for hallux valgus, insoles for flat feet, Morton's insoles, ..., insoles for bow legs (etc.) as insoles according to an embodiment of the present invention that improve walking efficiency and allow for smart walking and running.
In the following embodiments, insoles for special purposes such as prenatal and postnatal use are described as examples, but the present invention can also be applied to general insoles. The insoles according to the present invention can be obtained by adding the "flexion-inducing groove" configuration of each of the following examples to a conventional insole for general use.

First, a prenatal insole will be described in embodiment 1, and a postnatal insole will be described in embodiment 2. The prenatal insole and the postnatal insole may be single-layered or multi-layered, but the following description will be given using a multi-layered structure.
This embodiment addresses individual foot problems while supporting the push-off with flexion-inducing grooves that are adapted to the metatarsophalangeal joints (MP joints), thereby improving walking efficiency and enabling less tiring walking.

<Embodiment 1: Prenatal insole (insole)>
Figure 1 is a perspective view of a premature insole 200 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 1, a perspective view of a foot is shown above the premature insole 200 for explanation. A shoe is not shown in Figure 1. Furthermore, the premature insole 200 is formed by pressing together a lower layer member, an upper layer member, and a surface layer member, which will be described later, but numbers are not added to the lower layer member, upper layer member, and surface layer member in Figure 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the foot is divided into a forefoot portion 20, a midfoot portion 22, and a rearfoot portion 23.
On the other hand, the area of the prenatal insole 200 that is placed and includes the forefoot 20 of the foot is referred to as a forefoot corresponding area 210 .
The region corresponding to the midfoot portion 22 is referred to as a midfoot portion corresponding region 220 , and the region corresponding to the rearfoot portion 23 is referred to as a rearfoot portion corresponding region 230 .

1, the tip shape T of the lower layer member, the ball of the big toe corresponding region BC, and the ball of the little toe corresponding region SB are indicated by dashed lines. The transverse arch convexity G and the region where the area from the center to the base of the fifth metatarsal bone is placed are indicated as the fifth metatarsal depression region M (dashed line).
This fifth metatarsal depression region M encloses the area from near the center to near the base of the fifth metatarsal bone by the outer edge of the insole and the transverse arch convex portion G. The fifth metatarsal depression region M is designed to prevent the foot load from being concentrated on the base of the fifth metatarsal bone, the significance of which will be described later.

Furthermore, the flexion-inducing groove Ra formed on the back side of the insole is shown. This flexion-inducing groove a may be formed by cutting (collectively referred to as a flexion-inducing portion), but in this embodiment it will be described as a groove.

The position near the center of the heel-corresponding region is referred to as the heel-corresponding region center Pr, and the straight line passing through the front and rear ends of the insole is referred to as the insole center line Li.
The center Pr of the heel-corresponding region is set higher than the forefoot-corresponding region 210 to prevent the foot from tipping backward. The specific height difference will be described later.
Furthermore, a long outer slope region SM whose height increases in a curved manner toward the outer edge is formed from the rear foot portion 23 on the front side to the midfoot portion 22. The line where this outer slope region SM begins is referred to as an outer slope region start line LS.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the lateral inclined region start line LS is a generally straight line that extends from the outer edge (KD) of the insole, which faces the rear end of the little toe ball corresponding region SB, through the fifth metatarsal depression region, and near the center Pr of the heel corresponding region, to the rear end 200B'.

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the bottom surface of the prenatal insole 200. Fig. 2 illustrates the skeleton and other components of the sole of the foot. Explanations of the same reference numerals as in Fig. 1 will be omitted.
2, the line passing through the vicinity of the center of the ball of the big toe corresponding region BC and the vicinity of the center of the ball of the little toe corresponding region SB is referred to as the ball of the big toe crossing line Lb. Note that in the following drawings, the same reference numerals will not be used to describe the same parts.

The point where this straight line Lb across the ball of the big toe and the outer edge of the insole intersects (the end of the outer edge facing the center of the area corresponding to the ball of the little toe SB) is shown as the outer edge point KB, and the point where it intersects with the inner edge (the end of the inner edge facing the center of the area corresponding to the ball of the big toe BC) is shown as the inner edge KA.
2 and "200C" is referred to as a heel center line La. The rear end of the insole is indicated as 200B, and the front end is indicated as 200A.
A straight line crossing the center Pr of the heel corresponding area is shown as a center crossing line LPr of the heel corresponding area.
Next, the foot skeleton will be described.
(Foot skeleton)
In the embodiments, the foot skeleton will not be described using anatomical names, but will be described using names used in the manufacturing industry of prosthetics and orthotics, etc., and the names of the bones used in the embodiments will be listed below.
The forefoot 20 is an area including the first proximal phalange 41, the second proximal phalange 42, the third proximal phalange 43, the fourth proximal phalange 44, the fifth proximal phalange 45, etc. (other bones are not numbered), and is placed on the forefoot corresponding area 210.
The midfoot 22 is an area that includes the first metatarsal 51, the second metatarsal 52, the third metatarsal 53, the fourth metatarsal 54, the fifth metatarsal 55, the first cuneiform 61, the second cuneiform 62, the third cuneiform 63, the cuboid 71, and the navicular 73, and corresponds to the midfoot corresponding region 220.

The rear foot 23 is an area including the talus 77 and the calcaneus 75, and corresponds to a rear foot corresponding region 230. The protruding portion at the rear of the calcaneus 75 is referred to as a calcaneal protuberance 76.
Next, the lower layer member 250 shown in Fig. 2 will be described. In Fig. 2, the line of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint) is written as "MP".

(Lower layer member 250)
2 shows the back side, in which the upper layer member 260 is pressed onto the lower layer member 250. The tip of the lower layer member 250 is marked with a "T".
The tip of the lower layer member 250 of the prenatal insole 200 has a tip shape T as shown in Fig. 2. That is, the tip shape T has a mountain-like shape that extends from the outer edge point KB on the outside of the foot, around the rear end of the little toe ball corresponding region SB (the rear end of the head of the fifth metatarsal 55), further around the rear ends of the heads of the third metatarsal 53 and the second metatarsal 52, passes in a substantially straight line around the rear end of the ball of the big toe corresponding region BC (the rear end of the head of the first metatarsal 51), and reaches the inner edge point KC on the inside of the foot.
In other words, the area between La and the outer edge of the tip shape T of the lower layer member 250 extends slightly below and substantially along the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint), thereby more easily supporting the kicking off of the foot with the flexion-inducing groove Ra.

Additionally, a circular recess (hereinafter referred to as the rear circular recess 250A) is formed in the area of the rear surface of the lower layer member 250 corresponding to the calcaneal protuberance 76. A shock absorber (not shown) is attached to this rear circular recess 250A. In FIG. 2, the outer inclined region start line LS (KD-200B') on the front surface is indicated by a dashed line.
2, the vicinity of the base of the fifth metatarsal bone 55 is indicated as "D (dotted line): also referred to as the fourth load point." Next, the flexion induction groove Ra will be described.

(Bending guide groove Ra)
The flexion induction grooves Ra are formed on the rear surface of the forefoot corresponding region 210 at positions shown in FIG.
When the insole is composed of an upper layer member and a lower layer member, it is formed on the back surface of the upper layer member 260.
Specifically, it is a groove formed in an approximately straight line from near the area corresponding to the head of the third metatarsal bone 53 (also referred to as the area near the head of the third metatarsal bone Pa), through near the rear end area of the ball of the foot corresponding area BC, to the inner edge Pb of the insole (passing between the tip shape T of the lower layer member 250 and the ball of the foot corresponding area BC).

The inclination angle θi of this flexion-inducing groove Ra with respect to the big toe-little toe ball crossing line Lb is approximately 5 to 25 degrees (preferably 12 to 15 degrees). Furthermore, compared to the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint), the flexion-inducing groove Ra can be said to roughly follow part of the line of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint).

Some people have inward-legged, middle-legged, or outward-legged legs, but even if you are inward-legged or middle-legged when not pregnant, once your belly gets bigger you will definitely need to open up to outward-legged legs to maintain balance.
Gradually, the stance changes from inner thigh to middle thigh, and then outer thigh. At that time, the direction of bending relative to the direction of movement is this angle direction.
The foot angle, which is the angle between a line perpendicular to the direction of travel and the insole center line Li, is the angle of the foot relative to the direction of travel while walking. The foot angle is an important alignment element, and an external rotation of 7 to 13 degrees is considered normal. During normal pregnancy, a woman's foot angle is 0 to 5 degrees, but in the later stages of pregnancy, the baby becomes outstretched and the toes point outward, so it becomes even larger, at around 5 to 15 degrees.

Therefore, if a diagonal groove "flexion induction groove Ra" is provided in the area near the back of the ball of the foot corresponding area BC, the insole will be easier to flex toward the big toe (slightly inward), making it easier to push off inward, making walking easier, and reducing fatigue.
The flexion-inducing grooves Ra reduce flexion resistance and support inward kicking, and the effect of the outer inclined region SM also works at the same time, creating a synergistic effect.

The area corresponding to the head of the third metatarsal bone Pa may be between the area behind the head of the second metatarsal bone 52 and the area behind the head of the third metatarsal bone 53.

(Viewed from the heel side)
Next, the prenatal insole 200 as viewed from the heel side (direction Q) will be described with reference to Fig. 3. As shown in Fig. 3, when viewed from the heel side (direction Q), the edge portion at the rear end of the heel portion of the prenatal insole 200 (the center portion in Fig. 3) is lower in height.
3, the heel center line La is drawn vertically. A vertical line extending vertically from 200B′ is referred to as an outer inclined rear end vertical line Lf. The surface of prenatal insole 200 is indicated by a dashed line (hereinafter referred to as surface W).

Next, specific dimensions will be given as an example, assuming a foot size of 23 cm.
Please note that the dimensions will vary depending on the width of your foot, the shoes you wear, etc., so the dimensions described below are just examples.
When viewed from the heel side (Q direction), the distance from the center Pr of the heel corresponding area to the outer edge is a mm (33 mm to 38 mm: preferably 35 mm), the distance from the rear end 200B' to the inner edge is b mm (18 mm to 23 mm: preferably 20 mm), and the distance between the center Pr of the heel corresponding area and the rear end 200B' is f mm (3 mm to 8 mm: preferably 5 mm).

The height of the outer edge is ha (19 mm to 24 mm: preferably 21 mm), the height of the inner edge is hb (13 mm to 18 mm: preferably 16 mm), and the height hc of the heel-corresponding area center Pr is hcm (10 mm to 15 mm: preferably 12 mm) from the back surface. In other words, the height is uneven.

Next, the effects of using the prenatal insole 200 of this embodiment will be explained below using Figures 4 and 5. Note that Figure 5 shows a longitudinal cross section near the insole center line Li.

(Effects when using prenatal insole 200)
However, the effect of the bending induction grooves Ra will be described later.
Figure 4 is an explanatory diagram of a shoe with the prenatal insole 200 and a foot in it, viewed from the heel direction with the rear heel portion of the upper 300 removed. Figure 4 also shows the midsole 320 and outsole 340 of the shoe, which are preferably made of rubber or similar material.

As shown in Fig. 4, the height of the rear end of the prenatal insole 200 is low, and as shown in Fig. 5, the heel upper 300 of the shoe fits tightly to the heel of the foot, so the foot does not slip out while walking, which is safe.
The prenatal insole 200 will now be described in more detail.

(Details of Prenatal Insoles 200)
Fig. 6 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the prenatal insole 200. Fig. 6(b) is a top view, Fig. 6(a) is a side view as seen from the lateral side of the foot, and Fig. 6(c) is a side view as seen from the medial side of the foot. In these figures, the same reference numerals as in the above figures will not be described.

The fifth metatarsal lifting region is referred to as HM, and the surface of the skin is referred to as W. The height of the region corresponding to the forefoot is referred to as hg (approximately 5 mm). In Figure 6(b), the outer slope region SM is indicated by dotted hatching. This outer slope region SM further enhances the effect of guiding the center of gravity inward during walking, and the combined effect with the flexion-inducing groove Ra further enhances this effect.

As shown in Figures 6(a) and 6(b), the lower layer member 250, the upper layer member 260, and the cushion member 270 are pressed together, and the surface 280 is attached to the cushion member 270. The lower layer member 250, the upper layer member 260, and the cushion member 270 are pressed together with different thicknesses, with the lower layer member 250 having the highest hardness.

As shown in FIG. 6(b), the rear foot corresponding region 230 is made higher than the forefoot corresponding region 210, so that the shoe does not tip backward.
The height of the apex PA of the transverse arch projection G is set to about the height of the outer edge portion opposite to this apex PA.
Furthermore, the height of the portion of the transverse arch convexity G corresponding to the area between the head of the second metatarsal bone and the head of the third metatarsal bone is set to be slightly higher than the height of the forefoot corresponding region 210 .

Next, each cross section of Fig. 6(b) will be explained using Fig. 7. In Fig. 7, the explanation of the same reference numerals as in the above figures will be omitted.
7(a) shows the A-A cross section of FIG. 6(b), FIG. 7(b) shows the B-B cross section of FIG. 6(b), FIG. 7(c) shows the C-C cross section of FIG. 6(b), FIG. 7(d) shows the D-D cross section of FIG. 6(b), and FIG. 7(e) shows the E-E cross section of FIG. 6(b).

The explanation will be given in the order of cross section EE to cross section AA.
As shown in FIG. 7( e ), in the EE cross section, there is a shock absorber 255 attached to the back side of the lower layer member 250 .
In the E-E cross section, the lower layer member 250 increases in a substantially linear manner from the vicinity of the heel center line La (Pr) toward the outer edge to form part of the SM, while the inner edge is flat and forms a cross section that rises near the inner edge.

The intermediate layer, which forms the base of the corners surrounding the midfoot corresponding region 220 and rearfoot corresponding region 230, is then compressed. In the E-E cross section, the outer edge side is labeled "245A" and the inner edge side is labeled "245B."

That is, "245A" of this intermediate layer member 245 and the lower layer member 250 form a part of the outer inclined region SM in the EE cross section.
Although the lower layer member 250 or the upper layer member 260 may serve as the base of the corners surrounding the midfoot corresponding region 220 and the rearfoot corresponding region 230, providing the intermediate layer member 245 provides better elasticity and cushioning.

In the D-D cross section of Figure 7(d), the intermediate layer member 245 spans the inner and outer edges. The lower layer member 250 and intermediate layer member 245 increase in height toward the outer edge, forming part of the outer sloped region SM. Note that the height hab of the outer edge in the D-D cross section of Figure 7(d) is 18 mm (16 mm to 21 mm: preferably 18 mm), and the height hbb of the inner edge is 19 mm (17 mm to 22 mm: preferably 19 mm).

The CC cross section in Figure 7(c) includes a cross section of the area corresponding to the vicinity of the base of the fifth metatarsal bone 55 in the fifth metatarsal depression region M, and since this is the deepest portion of the fifth metatarsal depression region M, the base of the fifth metatarsal bone 55 is enclosed. Furthermore, the inner edge side is near the apex of the medial longitudinal arch convexity.

In other words, the inner edge is higher. Specifically, hbc (18mm to 23mm: preferably 19.5mm). Furthermore, the height of the deepest portion of the fifth metatarsal depression region M is hm (4mm to 7mm: preferably 5mm). Because this is the deepest portion, the fifth metatarsal lifting region HM is visible anteriorly (shown by the dotted line). Furthermore, the height of the inner edge on this CC cross section is hac (13mm to 18mm: preferably 15mm).

On the other hand, the B-B cross section in Figure 7(b) is a cross section near the apex PA of the transverse arch convex portion G, where the fifth metatarsal depression region M is thinned to form the fifth metatarsal lifting region HM. In other words, the area from near the center of the fifth metatarsal 55 to the rear end of the head of the fifth metatarsal 55 is raised. The height of the inner edge is hbd (13 mm to 18 mm: preferably 15 mm), and the height of the outer edge is had (10 mm to 15 mm: preferably 12 mm).
In other words, referring to the B-B cross section to the E-E cross section, Figure 6(a) and Figure 1, a long outer inclined region SM is formed on the surface side, whose height increases in a curved manner as it moves from the outer inclined region start line LS (also called a substantially straight line) that passes through the vicinity of the center of the fifth metatarsal 55 and the vicinity of the center of the hindfoot corresponding region 230 to the rear end, toward the outer edge.

The A-A cross section in Figure 7(a) is a cross section of the forefoot corresponding region 210, and the height of both edges is hg (4mm to 9mm: preferably 5mm). The upper layer member 260 forms the surface that comes into contact with the midsole of the shoe. In other words, the height of the deepest part of the fifth metatarsal depression region M is hm (4mm to 7mm: preferably 5mm), which is about the same height as the forefoot corresponding region 210 (it may be slightly lower).

Therefore, when wearing the prenatal insole 200 of this embodiment in shoes, the wearer will not sway their body from side to side while walking, resulting in a stable gait. As a result, the strain on the muscles is reduced, making this an ideal prenatal insole.

<Embodiment 2: For postpartum use>
Fig. 8 is a perspective view of a postpartum insole 400 according to the second embodiment. As in Fig. 1, a perspective view of a foot is shown at the top.
In Figure 8, the tip shape of the lower layer member (450) of the postpartum insole 400 is indicated by TB, and the ball of the foot corresponding region BC and the ball of the little foot corresponding region SB are indicated by dotted lines. To distinguish it from the prepartum insole, the transverse arch convex portion is indicated by "GB" and the fifth metatarsal depression region is indicated by "Ma." The postpartum insole 400 also has a flexion-inducing groove Ra formed on the back surface, similar to the embodiment.

In addition, in order to distinguish the postpartum insole 400 from the prepartum insole, the heel corresponding region center, which is near the center of the heel corresponding region, is described as "Pf," and the insole center line passing through the front end 400A and the rear end 400B of the insole is described as "Lf." In addition, in order to distinguish the postpartum insole from the prepartum insole as much as possible, other parts will also be described using different symbols (including numbers).
The height of the heel corresponding region center Pf and the forefoot corresponding region 210 of the postpartum insole 400 are approximately the same, and the outer sloped region SM is not formed. In other words, the rear foot corresponding region (230) is approximately flat.

Figure 9 is a plan view of the underside of the postpartum insole 400. As shown in Figure 9, the tip shape TB of the lower layer member 450 is shaped like a cliff, passing in a substantially straight line from the inner edge Ta to near the rear end of the head of the first metatarsal bone 51, passing near the rear ends of the heads of the second metatarsal bone 52 and the third metatarsal bone 53, passing from the outer edge near the center of the fifth metatarsal bone 55, wrapping around the base of the fifth metatarsal bone 55 and reaching the inner edge Ta. Therefore, the fifth metatarsal bone 55 and its base do not hurt.

Next, the postpartum insole 400 as viewed from the heel side (QB direction) will be described with reference to FIG.
(Viewed from the heel side)
When viewed from the heel side (QB direction), as shown in Figure 10, the postpartum insole 400 has a lower height at the rear end of the heel corner, just like in embodiment 1, and the transverse arch convex portion GB is higher (for example, about 13 mm) and larger than the prepartum insole 200, so this transverse arch convex portion GB can be seen.

Next, specific dimensions are listed as examples. When viewed from the heel side (QB direction), the height of point PAr on the outer edge, through which the center transverse line LPr of the heel-corresponding region passes, is hb1 (10 mm to 15 mm: preferably 13 mm), and point PBr on the inner edge has a similar height ha1. Furthermore, the height of Pf is hf (8 mm to 13 mm: preferably 9 mm), which is lower than that of the prenatal insole 200.

Therefore, when walking with the postpartum insole 400 of this embodiment in shoes, the strain on the muscles is reduced, making it ideal as a postpartum insole.

Next, the effects of using the postpartum insole 400 of this second embodiment will be explained below with reference to Figure 11.

(Effects of using postpartum insole 400)
However, the effect of the flexion-inducing grooves Ra will be described later. For postpartum use, a shoe with a normal heel height (for example, 3.5 cm) will be used, and the shoe number "500" will be used for explanation.
11 is an explanatory diagram of a postpartum insole 400 used in a shoe, viewed from the heel direction with the rear of the heel portion of the upper 510 removed. Note that Fig. 11 also shows a midsole 520 and an outsole 530 of the shoe.

11, the height of the rear end of the postpartum insole 400 is low, and as in the first embodiment, the upper 510 fits tightly to the heel of the foot, so the foot does not slip out while walking, and therefore the insole is safe.
Next, the postpartum insole 400 will be described in more detail.

(Details of Postpartum Insole 400)
Fig. 12 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the postpartum insole 400. Fig. 12(b) is a top view, Fig. 12(a) is a side view as seen from the lateral side of the foot, and Fig. 12(c) is a side view as seen from the medial side of the foot. In these figures, explanations of components with the same reference numerals as those in the above figures will be omitted.

12(a) and 12(c), the surface of the skin at Lf in Fig. 12(b) is indicated as WB. The heights of the forefoot-corresponding regions hg1 and Pf are approximately the same. Fig. 12(b) also shows the transverse arch projection GB, the medial longitudinal arch projection GBC, and the lateral longitudinal arch projection GBD.
The apex of this transverse arch convex portion GB is located between the center of the second metatarsal 52 and the center of the third metatarsal 53, and its height is approximately the same as that of the inner edge facing the apex of this transverse arch convex portion GB.
As shown in FIGS. 12( a ) and 12 ( b ), a lower layer member 450 , an upper layer member 460 and a cushion member 470 are pressed together, and a skin 480 is attached onto the cushion member 470 .
As shown in FIG. 12(c), the apex of the transverse arch projection GB is set to be at about the same height as the part of the inner edge opposite to this apex.

As shown in Figures 12(a) and 12(c), the heights of the forefoot corresponding area and the heel corresponding area are approximately the same, and the rearfoot corresponding area is flat.
Next, each cross section of Fig. 12(b) will be explained using Fig. 13. In Fig. 13, explanations of the same reference numerals as in the above figures will be omitted.
13(a) shows the Aa-Aa cross section of FIG. 12(b), FIG. 13(b) shows the Ba-Ba cross section of FIG. 12(b), FIG. 13(c) shows the Ca-Ca cross section of FIG. 12(b), FIG. 13(d) shows the Da-Da cross section of FIG. 12(b), and FIG. 13(e) shows the Ea-Ea cross section of FIG. 12(b).

The explanation will be given in the order of the Ea-Ea cross section to the Aa-Aa cross section.
As shown in FIG. 13( e ), in the Ea-Ea cross section, there is a shock absorber 440 attached to a circular recess on the back side of the lower layer member 450 .
In the Ea-Ea cross section, the outer edge side is marked as "450A" and the inner edge side is marked as "450B".

The height ha2 of the outer edge and the height hb2 of the inner edge are each 10 mm to 15 mm (preferably 12 mm), and the height of Pf is hpf (about 10 mm).
In the Da-Da cross section of FIG. 13(d), the height of the outer edge is ha3 (9 mm to 14 mm: preferably 12 mm), and the height of the inner edge is hb3 (8 mm to 14 mm: preferably 11 mm).

The Ca-Ca cross section in Figure 13(c) includes a cross section of the fifth metatarsal depression region Ma and is the deepest portion of the fifth metatarsal depression region Ma, and similar to embodiment 1 (prenatal), the base of the fifth metatarsal 55 is enclosed. Specifically, the height on the outer edge side is ha4 (7 mm to 12 mm: preferably 8 mm), and the height on the inner edge side is hb4 (12 mm to 17 mm: preferably 15 mm).

The height of the deepest portion of the fifth metatarsal depression area Ma is hm (5 mm to 8 mm; preferably 6 mm). Because this is the deepest portion, the fifth metatarsal lifting area HM is visible in front (shown by the dotted line).

The Ba-Ba cross section in Figure 13(b) is a cross section near the apex of the transverse arch convexity portion GB, where the fifth metatarsal depression region Ma is shallower to become the fifth metatarsal lifting region HM (for example, about 10 mm). In other words, the area from near the center of the fifth metatarsal 55 to the rear end of the head of the fifth metatarsal 55 is raised.

The height of the inner edge is hb5 (13mm to 18mm: preferably 15mm), and the height of the outer edge is ha5 (10mm to 15mm: preferably 12mm).

The Aa-Aa cross section in Figure 13(a) is a cross section of the forefoot corresponding region 210, and the height of both edges is hg1 (4 mm to 9 mm; preferably 5 mm). The upper layer member 460 forms the surface that comes into contact with the midsole of the shoe. In other words, the fifth metatarsal bone base corresponding region is approximately the same height as the forefoot corresponding region 210.

In addition, for postpartum use, the inclusion of Ma ensures that the fourth load-bearing point, the base of the fifth metatarsal bone, is firmly secured.

In other words, when a load is applied, the fourth load-bearing area (fifth metatarsal base: D) is designed to prevent the load from being concentrated (the area where the fifth metatarsal base rests is made as thin as possible).

Figure 5 above shows how the upper 300 fits snugly into the heel of the foot, but the details are not fully explained, so we will explain them in more detail using Figure 14. Figure 14 is a view from the medial side of the foot when the right prenatal insole 200 is placed in the right shoe and the right foot is placed on the prenatal insole 200.

However, in FIG. 14, the prenatal insole 200 is shown in a cross section taken along the insole center line Li of the prenatal insole 200 shown in FIG. 1, similar to FIG.
Also shown is the inner edge (dotted line) and outer edge of the heel corner of the prenatal insole 200 for the right foot when viewed from the medial side of the foot, and it is shown that the inner edge is higher than the outer edge.

As explained above, the height of 200B, which is the rear end, of prenatal insole 200 is low. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 14, the points (indicated by line LpB) where the inner edge (also called the medial edge) and outer edge (also called the lateral edge) of the rearfoot corner start to drop toward 200B are located at LBr (18 mm to 25 mm, preferably about 20 mm) from the center Pr of the heel-corresponding region.
Pre- or post-natal insoles may also be used in ballet shoes.

<Third Embodiment>
The following describes insoles for preventing hallux valgus, flat feet, hallux valgus, flat feet, metatarsal headache, Morton's disease, knee pain, bow legs, plantar fasciitis, and other walking and running insoles, which have the above-mentioned flexion-inducing groove Ra (depth 1 mm to 2.5 mm: preferably 1.5 mm) formed on the back side of the insole.
The flexion induction groove Ra has a depth of 1 mm to 2.5 mm (preferably 1.5 mm), a length of 45 mm to 65 mm (preferably about 50 mm when the insole length is 230 mm), and a width of about 3 mm to 5.5 mm (preferably about 3 mm when the insole length is 230 mm).

[Top view of measures for bunions and plantar fascia]
15A and 15B are top views of insoles for preventing hallux valgus and Morton's disease. Fig. 15A shows a top view of an insole 600 for preventing hallux valgus, and Fig. 15B shows a top view of an insole 700 for preventing flat feet.
16A and 16B are top views of insoles for treating metatarsalgia and flat feet. Fig. 16A shows a top view of an insole 800 for treating metatarsalgia, and Fig. 16B shows a top view of an insole 900 for treating Morton's disease.

17A and 17B are top views of insoles for knee pain relief and lower back pain relief, respectively. Fig. 17A shows a top view of an insole 1000 for knee pain relief, and Fig. 17B shows a top view of an insole 1100 for lower back pain relief.
18A and 18B are top views of insoles for preventing bow legs and plantar fasciitis. Fig. 18A shows a top view of an insole 1200 for preventing bow legs, and Fig. 18B shows a top view of an insole 1300 for preventing plantar fasciitis.

In these figures, the flexion-inducing groove Ra is shown with a dotted line to indicate that it is formed on the back side. The foot outline is indicated as "F," and the outline of the depression in the heel-corresponding region where the heel rests is indicated as IBa (hereinafter referred to as the heel-resting outline IBa). In this embodiment, to distinguish between pre- and post-natal conditions, the transverse arch convexity is indicated as transverse arch convexity CA, the medial longitudinal arch convexity is indicated as medial longitudinal arch convexity CB, and the lateral longitudinal arch convexity is indicated as lateral longitudinal arch convexity CD.

In addition, in the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint), the portion passing between the head of the first metatarsal 51 (also referred to as the first metatarsal head) and the base of the first proximal phalanx 41 (also referred to as the first proximal phalanx base), and between the head of the second metatarsal 52 (also referred to as the second metatarsal head) and the base of the second proximal phalanx 42 (also referred to as the second proximal phalanx base) is referred to as the MP main refractory line portion in this embodiment, and is indicated as "MPe" in the figures.

(Measures against hallux valgus)
Hallux valgus is a condition in which the big toe bends in a "L" shape toward the index toe. Hallux valgus occurs when the first proximal phalanx is pressed, causing the metatarsophalangeal joint to flex outward. Therefore, it can be corrected or prevented by elevating the transverse arch of the foot and narrowing the space between the metatarsals. At the same time, it is important to have a convex shape that aligns the three arches of the foot: the transverse arch, medial longitudinal arch, and lateral longitudinal arch, in order to prevent the collapse of other parts of the skeleton.
On the other hand, the above-mentioned flexion guide grooves Ra are formed on the back side to allow for smart walking or running, and the rear end portion is formed low to prevent the foot from slipping forward or slipping off the shoe.

The insole 600 for preventing hallux valgus will be described below with reference to Fig. 15(a). In this figure, the same reference numerals as those used above will not be described again.
In Figure 15(a), the upper layer member is referred to as a hallux valgus upper layer member 620. The lower layer member will be described later with reference to Figure 19.
Although the upper layer member for hallux valgus 620 has a surface (a surface material such as nonwoven fabric or natural leather) pressed onto the entire surface, the surface is not shown in FIG. 15(a).
In addition, in FIG. 15(a), although the lower layer member is not visible, its outline is described as "IFa: shown at the leading edge."

As shown in Figure 15(a), the surface is formed with raised portions for the transverse arch CA, the medial longitudinal arch CB, and the lateral longitudinal arch CD, which align the three arches of the foot. The black dots on the leader lines for "CA,""CB," and "CD" indicate the vicinity of their vertices.
The apex of the transverse arch convexity CA is between the vicinity immediately behind the head of the second metatarsal bone and the vicinity immediately behind the head of the third metatarsal bone on the forefoot corresponding region side of the black circle of "CA".
The part of the inner edge facing the black circle of "CB" is the apex of the inner longitudinal arch convex portion CB. The part of the inner edge facing the black circle of the outer longitudinal arch convex portion CD is the apex of the outer longitudinal arch convex portion CD.
The transverse arch convex portion CA is teardrop-shaped with an apex (not shown) located between the vicinity of the rear of the head of the second metatarsal bone 52 and the vicinity of the rear of the head of the third metatarsal bone 53 .
The size of this transverse arch convex portion CA is, for example, about 40 to 60 mm in width, about 60 to 80 mm in length, and about 15 to 17 mm in apex height.

The medial longitudinal arch convex portion CB is formed on the inner edge of the foot, which is the medial side of the foot.
Specifically, it has a shape similar to half a leaf, and its size is, for example, 35 to 55 mm in width.
The length is, for example, 80 to 110 mm (from near the head of the first metatarsal bone 51 to the inside of the calcaneus 75 (near the sustentaculum talus) and the height of the apex is, for example, about 14 to 16 mm (about 13 mm for a size of 230 mm).
Furthermore, the lateral longitudinal arch convex portion CD is formed near the front side of the calcaneus 75 on the outer edge.
Specifically, for example, the shape is smaller than the convex portion CB for the medial longitudinal arch, and the size is, for example, 10 to 18 mm in width, 35 to 40 mm in length, and 10 to 12 mm in height at the apex. These convex portions are connected to each other by smooth curved surfaces.

That is, the height of the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA is approximately the same as (slightly lower than) the height of the apex of the inner longitudinal arch convex portion CB, and is higher than the apex of the outer longitudinal arch convex portion CD.
In addition, a flexion-inducing groove Ra is formed on the back side, facing the MP main flexion line portion MPe of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint). The effect of this will be described later. Specifically, this flexion-inducing groove Ra is a linear groove formed between a location behind the head of the third metatarsal bone, which is directly behind the area where the head of the third metatarsal bone is placed, and a location on the back side of the inner edge facing immediately behind the area behind the ball of the foot, which is directly behind the area where the ball of the foot is placed. In other words, this flexion-inducing groove Ra extends obliquely in a straight line from a location Pa corresponding to the head of the third metatarsal bone 53, passing immediately behind the head of the first metatarsal bone 51, to a location Pb on the inner edge.

Furthermore, for the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint), the end point of the inner edge is described as "Km2" and the end point of the outer edge is described as "Km1".
In addition, a contour line "IFa" at the tip is formed so as to surround the base of the fifth metatarsal 55. In other words, this prevents pain at the base of the fifth metatarsal 55 when running or walking.
Furthermore, the corner surrounding the rearfoot corresponding area is referred to as the hallux valgus rearfoot corner 600c, the outer edge corner is referred to as the hallux valgus lateral corner 600a, and the inner edge corner is referred to as the hallux valgus medial corner 600b. The rear end of the hallux valgus rearfoot corner 600c is low.

(Flat feet)
Flat feet are said to refer to a condition in which the arch structure of the sole of the foot collapses, leaving the sole of the foot almost flat. The arch is the arch-like structure that efficiently supports the body weight. As the condition progresses, the foot may become deformed, causing walking difficulties.
In other words, flat feet are caused by a lowered medial longitudinal arch and the entire foot turning outward. This can be corrected or prevented by forming a supporting bulge around the navicular bone, which forms the apex of the medial longitudinal arch, from near the head of the first metatarsal bone to below the posterior part of the sustentacular process of the calcaneus.
The insole 700 for treating flat feet will be described below with reference to Fig. 15(b). In this figure, the same reference numerals as those used above will not be described again.
Specifically, the transverse arch convexity portion CA is lower than the apex of the medial longitudinal arch convexity portion CB and the apex of the lateral longitudinal arch convexity portion CD. In Figure 15(b), the upper layer member is referred to as the flatfoot upper layer member 720. The lower layer member will be described later in Figure 20.

In addition, the surface layer is not shown in 15(b) either.
In addition, in FIG. 15(b), although the lower layer member is not visible, its outline is described as "IFb: shown at the leading edge."
As shown in Figure 15(b), similar to Figure 15(a), the surface side is formed with a convex portion CA for the transverse arch, a convex portion CB for the medial longitudinal arch, and a convex portion CD for the lateral longitudinal arch to adjust the three arches of the foot.
The height of this transverse arch convexity CA, corresponding to the area between the heads of the second and third metatarsals, is slightly higher than the height of the area corresponding to the forefoot, and the outer edge is an inclined surface for dealing with flat feet, with the edge at about the same height as the area corresponding to the forefoot.
The tip edge of IFb of the transverse arch convex portion CA does not come into contact with the fifth metatarsal bone 55, but wraps around the base of the fifth metatarsal bone 55 and reaches the outer edge.
The corners surrounding the rear foot corresponding area are referred to as rear foot corners for flatfoot 700c, the outer edge corners are referred to as outer corners for flatfoot 700a, and the inner edge corners are referred to as inner corners for flatfoot 700b. The rear end of the rear foot corner for flatfoot 700c is low.

(Metatarsal Headache Relief)
Chronic pain at the base of the second toe, rather than the big toe, is called metatarsalgia. Metatarsalgia occurs when the metatarsophalangeal joint is destroyed by rheumatism or other factors, causing the transverse arch of the foot to drop, concentrating pressure on the heads of the second and third metatarsals and resulting in pain. This can be corrected or prevented by creating a concave shape to relieve pressure so that this area is lower than the heads of the first and fifth metatarsals. At the same time, it is important to create a convex shape that aligns the three arches (transverse arch, medial longitudinal arch, and lateral longitudinal arch) to prevent the collapse of other parts of the skeleton.

The insole 800 for preventing metatarsalgia will be described with reference to Figure 16(a). In this figure, the same reference numerals as those used above will not be described.
In Figure 16(a), the upper layer member is referred to as a metatarsal head upper layer member 820, and details will be described later.
The upper layer member 820 for metatarsal joint pain has a surface (a surface material such as nonwoven fabric or natural leather) pressed onto the entire surface, but the surface is not shown in Figure 16 (a).
In addition, in FIG. 16(a), although the lower layer member is not visible, its outline is described as "IFc: shown at the leading edge."
In Figure 16 (a), the insole 800 for treating metatarsal headache has a special shape of IFc, so to distinguish it from others, the transverse arch convex portion will be referred to as the transverse arch convex portion CAa for metatarsal headache.

16(a), the surface is similarly formed with a convex portion CAa for the transverse arch of the metatarsal head, a convex portion CB for the medial longitudinal arch, and a convex portion CD for the lateral longitudinal arch, which align the three arches of the foot. The apex of the convex portion CAa for the transverse arch of the metatarsal head is located between the center of the second metatarsal bone 52 and the center of the third metatarsal bone 53.
In addition, the area corresponding to the head of the first metatarsal 51 and the base of the first proximal phalanx 41, and the area corresponding to the head of the fifth metatarsal 55 and the base of the fifth proximal phalanx 45 are made into convex areas (hereinafter referred to as convex areas) that are, for example, 2 to 5 mm higher than the upper surface of the area corresponding to the forefoot of the metatarsal head upper layer member 820.

That is, as shown in Figure 16(a), IFc is roughly U-shaped, passing near the upper side of the base of the first proximal phalanx 41, wrapping around the inside of the head of the first metatarsal 51, wrapping around the centers (close to the heads) of the second metatarsal 52 and third metatarsal 53, passing diagonally around the head of the fourth metatarsal 54, passing through the inside of the head of the fifth metatarsal 55, wrapping around the base of the fifth proximal phalanx 45, and reaching the outer edge. In other words, the center is concave toward the rear.

The convex portion CAa for the transverse arch for metatarsal bone headache is teardrop-shaped with an apex (not shown) located between the vicinity immediately behind the head of the second metatarsal bone 52 and the vicinity immediately behind the head of the third metatarsal bone 53.
The size is, for example, about 40 to 60 mm in width, about 60 to 80 mm in length, and about 12 to 15 mm in height at the apex.
Specifically, the medial longitudinal arch convex portion CB has a shape similar to half of a leaf, and its size is, for example, 35 to 55 mm in width (approximately from the inner edge to the inside of the second cuneiform bone 62).

The length is, for example, 80 to 110 mm (from near the head of the first metatarsal 51 to the inside of the calcaneus 75 (near the sustentaculum talus) and the height of the apex is, for example, about 15 to 17 mm (about 13 mm for a size of 230 mm). Furthermore, the convex portion CD for the lateral longitudinal arch is formed near the front side of the calcaneus 75 on the outer edge.
Specifically, for example, the shape is smaller than the convex portion CB for the medial longitudinal arch, and the size is, for example, 10 to 18 mm in width, 35 to 40 mm in length, and 10 to 12 mm in height at the apex. These convex portions are connected to each other by smooth curved surfaces.

That is, the height of the apex of the metatarsal bone-supporting transverse arch convexity CAa is slightly lower than the height of the apex of the medial longitudinal arch convexity CB and higher than the apex of the lateral longitudinal arch convexity CD.
The effect of the flexion-inducing groove Ra on the back surface, which faces the MP main flexion line portion MPe of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint), will be described later .
Although the contour line "IFc" of the tip is made substantially U-shaped, it may be shaped as shown in Fig. 7 of Japanese Patent No. 3977771. In other words, it is sufficient if the contour line does not overlap at least the head of the second metatarsal bone 52 and the head of the third metatarsal bone 53.

As in the above, a flexion-inducing groove Ra is formed on the back surface, facing the MP main flexion line portion MPe of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint). The effect of this will be described later.
16(a), the corners surrounding the hindfoot area are referred to as metatarsal hindfoot corners 800c, the outer corners are referred to as metatarsal lateral corners 800a, and the inner corners are referred to as metatarsal medial corners 800b. Note that the rear end of the metatarsal hindfoot corner 800c is low.

(Morton measures)
Therefore, by holding the transverse arch convexity CA so as to widen the space between the heads of the third metatarsal bone 53 and the fourth metatarsal bone 54, nerve pressure is relieved, thereby alleviating pain.
The Morton's foot insole 900 will be described with reference to Figure 16(b). In this figure, the same reference numerals as those used above will not be described.

16B, the upper layer member is referred to as a Morton's upper layer member 920. The lower layer member will be described later.
The upper layer member 920 for Morton has a surface (a surface material such as nonwoven fabric or natural leather) pressed onto the entire surface, but the surface is not described here.
In addition, in FIG. 16(b), although the lower layer member is not visible, its outline is described as "IFd: shown at the leading edge."

As shown in Figure 16(b), the surface side is similarly formed with raised convex portions for the transverse arch CA (teardrop-shaped), convex portions for the medial longitudinal arch CB, and convex portions for the lateral longitudinal arch CD, which align the three arches of the foot.
This transverse arch convex portion CA (teardrop-shaped) has a width of, for example, 40 to 60 mm, and is so large that it does not overlap the head of the first metatarsal bone 51 or the fifth metatarsal bone 55 .
The length is, for example, about 60 to 80 mm, and the height of the apex (slightly behind the head of the third metatarsal bone and the head of the fourth metatarsal bone) is, for example, about 14 to 16 mm, so that the transverse arch of the foot is slightly raised.
In other words, the apex of the transverse arch convexity CA is between immediately behind the head of the third metatarsal bone and immediately behind the head of the fourth metatarsal bone, and its height is approximately the same as the apex of the medial longitudinal arch convexity.

This relieves nerve pressure and reduces pain. The height of the apex of the medial longitudinal arch convex portion CB is, for example, about 15 to 17 mm (about 13 mm for a size of 230 mm).
In addition, a flexion-inducing groove Ra is formed on the back surface, facing the MP main flexion line portion MPe of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint). The effect of this will be described later.
In addition, a tip contour line "IFd" is formed so as to surround the base of the fifth metatarsal 55. In other words, this prevents pain at the base of the fifth metatarsal 55 when running or walking.

Furthermore, the corners surrounding the rear foot corresponding area are referred to as Morton rear foot corners 900c, the outer edge corners are referred to as Morton outer corners 900a, and the inner edge corners are referred to as Morton inner corners 900b. Also, as above, the rear end of Morton rear foot corner 900c is low.
The contour line "IFd" at the tip may have a shape as shown in FIG. 13 of Japanese Patent No. 3977771.
(Knee pain prevention)
Knee pain occurs when the medial meniscus of the knee joint is destroyed due to osteoarthritis, causing the knee joint to turn inward and resulting in pain.
Therefore, in order to correct the hindfoot by turning it outward, a long inclined surface is formed from near the center of the fifth metatarsal 55 to near the center of the calcaneus 75, and an external force is applied to tilt the entire lower leg inward, widening the medial gap of the knee joint and correcting or preventing this.
The insole 1000 for preventing knee pain will be described with reference to Fig. 17(a). In this figure, the same reference numerals as those used above will not be described.

17(a), the upper layer member is referred to as an upper layer member for knee pain 1020. The lower layer member will be described later.
As in the above, the upper layer member 1020 for knee pain has a surface (surface material such as nonwoven fabric or natural leather) pressed onto the entire surface, but the surface is not shown in FIG. 17(a).
In addition, in FIG. 17(a), although the lower layer member is not visible, its outline is described as "IFe: shown at the leading edge."

As described above, the surface side is formed with raised portions for the transverse arch CA, the medial longitudinal arch CB, and the lateral longitudinal arch CD, which align the three arches of the foot. The width, length, and apex height of these portions are similar to those shown in Figure 15(a). The apex of the transverse arch apex CA is located between the center of the second metatarsal bone 52 and the center of the third metatarsal bone 53.
These protrusions are mainly formed by the upper layer member, which will be described later. In Fig. 17(a), the tip of the contour line is indicated as "IFe".
As shown in Figure 17(a), the tip edge IFe has a shape that wraps around the inside of the head of the first metatarsal bone 51, wraps around the area immediately behind the heads of the second metatarsal bone 52 and the third metatarsal bone 53, passes diagonally behind the head of the fourth metatarsal bone 54, passes near the center of the fifth metatarsal bone 55, and reaches the outer edge.

In addition, a rear inclined area (not shown) for knee pain prevention is formed on the rear surface of the lower layer member to correct the rear foot by everting it outward. This rear inclined area for knee pain prevention will be described later.
This inclined surface for knee pain prevention applies an external force that causes the entire lower leg to tilt inward, widening the medial gap of the knee joint and making it possible to correct or prevent knee pain.

As in the above, a flexion-inducing groove Ra is formed on the back surface, facing the MP main flexion line portion MPe of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint). The effect of this will be described later.
In Figure 17(a), the corners surrounding the rear foot area are referred to as rear corners 1000c, the outer edge corners are referred to as outer corners 1000a for knee pain relief, and the inner edge corners are referred to as inner corners 1000b for knee pain relief. The rear end of the rear foot corner 1000c for knee pain relief is low. The shape of the upper layer member may be similar to that shown in Figure 7 of Japanese Patent No. 3977771.

(Countermeasures for lower back pain)
Lower back pain can occur for a variety of reasons, but pain increases when the pelvis tilts forward and the lumbar lordosis increases. For this reason, by lowering the rear foot lower than the front foot, the pelvis tilts backward, reducing pain.
The insole 1100 for preventing lower back pain will be described with reference to Fig. 17(b). In this figure, the same reference numerals as those used above will not be described.
In Fig. 17(b), the upper layer member is referred to as an upper layer member for relieving lower back pain 1120. The lower layer member will be described later. Although a surface layer (a surface material such as nonwoven fabric or natural leather) is pressed onto the entire surface, the surface layer is not shown in Fig. 17(b).
In addition, in FIG. 17(b), the lower layer member is hidden by the skin, but its outline is described as "IFf: shown at the leading edge."
On the surface, similar to the above, the transverse arch convexity CA, the medial longitudinal arch convexity CB, and the lateral longitudinal arch convexity CD are formed in raised shapes to adjust the three arches of the foot. Of these, the width, length, and height of the apex excluding the transverse arch convexity CA are similar to those in Figure 15(a).

The height of the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA is about 6 mm (when the size is 23 mm).
As shown in Figure 17 (b), the tip edge IFf is shaped so that it starts from a point on the inner edge facing the base of the first proximal phalanx 41, wraps around just behind the head of the first metatarsal 51, wraps around the vicinity of just behind the heads of the second metatarsal 52 and the third metatarsal 53, wraps around the base of the fifth metatarsal 55 without overlapping with the fifth metatarsal 55, and reaches a point on the outer edge facing the head of the fifth proximal phalanx 45.
In addition, the height between the center of the second metatarsal 52 and the center of the third metatarsal 53 of the transverse arch convexity CA is slightly higher than the height for flat feet, and the height of the edge toward the outer edge is about the same as the height of the area corresponding to the forefoot, making it an inclined surface for preventing lower back pain.

As in the above, a flexion-inducing groove Ra is formed on the back surface, facing the MP main flexion line portion MPe of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint). The effect of this will be described later.
17(b), the corners surrounding the rear foot corresponding area are referred to as rear foot corners for lower back pain 1100c, the outer edge corners are referred to as outer corners for lower back pain 1100a, and the inner edge corners are referred to as inner corners for lower back pain 1100b. The rear end of rear foot corner for lower back pain 1100c is low.
The shape of the upper layer member may be the same as that shown in FIG. 11 of Japanese Patent No. 3977771.

(Countermeasures for bow legs)
Bow legs are a condition in which both knee joints are inverted, which can cause aesthetic problems and can lead to osteoarthritis of the knee due to excessive stress on the inside of the knee joints.
Therefore, in order to correct the valgus motion from the midfoot to the rearfoot, a sloped area (a sloped area for bow legs: not shown) is formed from a point facing the center of the cuboid bone 71 on the inner edge of the backside to the rear end of the heel. This applies an external force that tilts the entire lower leg inward, guiding the knee joint in the valgus direction.

The insole 1200 for preventing bow legs will be described with reference to Figure 18(a). In this figure, the same reference numerals as those used above will not be described.
18A, the upper layer member is referred to as an upper layer member for bowed legs 1220. The lower layer member will be described later.
Although a surface (a surface material such as nonwoven fabric or natural leather) is pressed onto the entire upper surface of the upper layer member 1220 for bow legs, the surface is not shown in FIG. 18(a).

In addition, in FIG. 18(a), although the lower layer member is not visible, its outline is described as "IFg: shown at the leading edge."
As described above, the surface side is formed with raised portions for the transverse arch CA, the medial longitudinal arch CB, and the lateral longitudinal arch CD, which align the three arches of the foot. The width, length, and apex height of the medial longitudinal arch CB and the lateral longitudinal arch CD are approximately the same as those in Figure 15(a).
However, the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA is about 4 mm to 5 mm (when the size is 230 mm).
As shown in Figure 18(a), the tip edge IFg has a shape that starts from a point on the inner edge facing the head of the first metatarsal bone 51, wraps around just behind the head of the first metatarsal bone 51, wraps around just behind the heads of the second metatarsal bone 52 and the third metatarsal bone 53, passes diagonally behind the head of the fourth metatarsal bone 54, passes slightly below the center of the fifth metatarsal bone 55, and reaches the outer edge facing near this center.

The lower layer member is also formed with a sloped surface (a sloped area for bow legs) (not shown) to correct the bowing of the rear foot by turning it outward.
That is, an inclined region for bow legs is formed to apply an external force that tilts the entire lower leg inward and guides the knee joint in an eversion direction.
As in the above, a flexion-inducing groove Ra is formed on the back surface, facing the MP main flexion line portion MPe of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint). The effect of this will be described later.
In addition, in FIG. 18(a), the corners surrounding the rear foot corresponding area are referred to as rear foot corners for bow legs 1200c, the outer corners are referred to as outer corners for bow legs 1200a, and the inner corners are referred to as inner corners for bow legs 1200b.
The inclined region for bowed legs is preferably the inclined region shown in FIGS. 2, 4 and 5 of Japanese Patent No. 6467141.
That is, on the back side, an inclined area is provided in the range from the inside of the foot near the rear end of the midfoot corresponding area to the outside of the foot of the rear foot corresponding area, opposite to the straight line (La) connecting the inside of the foot near the rear end of the rear foot corresponding area.
The thickness of this inclined region gradually increases from the straight line (La) toward the outside of the foot, and the height of the surface on the outside of the foot is about 30% higher than the surface on the inside of the foot that faces the outside of the foot.

(Measures against plantar fasciitis)
Plantar fasciitis and heel spurs are caused by repeated tension on the plantar fascia, which causes pain mainly at the attachment point of the calcaneus and on the inside of the plantar fascia, and furthermore, bone spurs form at the bottom of the calcaneus where the plantar fascia attaches, causing pain.For this reason, the concave shape relieves pressure on the area where bone spurs have formed, preventing unnecessary tension from being applied to the plantar fascia.

The insole 1300 for preventing plantar fasciitis will be described with reference to Figure 18(b). In this figure, the same reference numerals as those used above will not be described.
18(b), the upper layer member is referred to as an upper layer member for plantar fasciitis 1320. The lower layer member will be described later.
Although a surface layer (a surface material such as nonwoven fabric or natural leather) is pressed onto the entire upper surface of the upper layer member 1320 for plantar fasciitis, the surface layer is not shown in FIG. 18(b).
In addition, in FIG. 18(b), although the lower layer member is not visible, its outline is described as "IFh: shown at the leading edge."

As described above, the surface side is formed with raised portions for the transverse arch CA, the medial longitudinal arch CB, and the lateral longitudinal arch CD, which align the three arches of the foot. The width, length, and apex height of the medial longitudinal arch CB and the lateral longitudinal arch CD are approximately the same as those in Figure 15(a).
However, the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA is approximately 6 mm to 8 mm. As shown in Figure 18(b), the tip edge IFh has a shape that starts from a point on the inner edge facing the head of the first metatarsal bone 51, wraps around just behind the head of the first metatarsal bone 51, wraps around the areas just behind the heads of the second metatarsal bone 52 and the third metatarsal bone 53, passes diagonally behind the head of the fourth metatarsal bone 54, passes slightly below the center of the fifth metatarsal bone 55, and reaches the outer edge facing near this center.

In addition, an oblong depression (hereinafter referred to as the plantar fascia edge countermeasure depression Ta) is formed in the rear foot corresponding region. This plantar fascia edge countermeasure depression Ta may be circular, elliptical, or, as in Japanese Patent No. 6609222, bronze bell-shaped.
This depression Ta for protecting the edge of the plantar fascia is intended to protect the origin of the plantar fascia that radiates from the vicinity of the calcaneal tuberosity of the calcaneus of the foot.
The lower layer member may also have a shape as shown in FIG. 5 of Japanese Patent No. 3977771.
As in the above, a flexion-inducing groove Ra is formed on the back surface, facing the MP main flexion line portion MPe of the metatarsophalangeal joint (MP joint). The effect of this will be described later.
18(b), the corner surrounding the rearfoot corresponding area is referred to as rearfoot corner 1300c for plantar fasciitis, the outer corner is referred to as outer corner 1300a for plantar fasciitis, and the inner corner is referred to as inner corner 1300b for plantar fasciitis. Note that the rear end of rearfoot corner 1300c for plantar fasciitis is low.

[Details of each insole]
Next, the detailed structures of insoles for bunions, flat feet, metatarsal headache, Morton's disease, knee pain, bow legs, and plantar fasciitis will be described.
(Details of the insole 600 for preventing hallux valgus)
Fig. 19 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the insole 600 for preventing hallux valgus. Fig. 20 shows the insole 600 for preventing hallux valgus of Fig. 19 as viewed from the heel direction and cross-sectional views of each part.
Figure 19(a) is a back view of the insole 600 for preventing hallux valgus, and Figure 19(b) is a side view when viewed from the medial side of Figure 19(a). Figure 19(c) is a cross-sectional view from the A7-A7 direction of Figure 19(a). This A7-A7 is a straight line connecting the leading end 600A and the trailing end 200B of the insole 600 for preventing hallux valgus, and is also referred to as the hallux valgus insole midsole center line Laa. Note that explanations of the same reference numerals as in the above figures will be omitted.

As shown in Figures 19(a), 19(b), and 19(c), an upper layer member 620 for hallux valgus is pressure-bonded onto a lower layer member 610 (urethane) for hallux valgus.
The dotted lines in FIG. 19(a) are lines along which the hallux valgus underlayer member 610 is bent outward to form the outer corner, inner corner, and heel corner, and are indicated as ALa.
19A, the ball of the foot corresponding region BC and the ball of the little toe corresponding region SB on the front side are indicated by dotted lines. The flexion guide groove Ra is formed on the back side and is therefore indicated by a solid line.
A straight line passing through the center of the ball of the big toe corresponding region BC and the center of the ball of the little toe corresponding region SB on the back surface is denoted as Lbc.

The inclination angle θi of the flexion-inducing groove Ra with respect to the line Lbc across the balls of the big toe and little toe is 5 to 25 degrees (30 to 32 degrees in some cases), similar to that before and after childbirth. Furthermore, the direction viewed from the heel is indicated as FB1.
In Figure 19(b), the maximum height of the inner corner when viewed from the inside is indicated as da10 (14 mm to 18 mm, preferably about 15 mm), and the height near the heel when viewed from the inside is indicated as da8 (13 mm to 17 mm, preferably 16.5 mm).
The height is reduced from the rear end 600B to the vicinity of point Eb (behind PIa) at LEb (7 mm to 12 mm: preferably 10 mm) from the rear end 600B to reach the rear end 600B. The distance from PIa to the rear end 600B is approximately 38 mm (LPE).

Furthermore, as shown in Figure 19(c), the height of the forefoot corresponding area is da1 (e.g., 1.5 mm to 3.0 mm), the height of the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA is da3 (e.g., 9.77 mm), and the height of the heel corresponding area is da7 (e.g., 3.67 mm), so the heights of the forefoot corresponding area and the forefoot corresponding area are approximately the same.
The height of the rear end 600B is da9 (e.g., 4.0 mm), which is very low. As shown in Figure 19(c), the view is taken from the A7-A7 direction in Figure 19(a), so the top surface AU of the outer corner is visible. The height of this outer corner is da5 (e.g., 12 mm).

Next, the insole 600 for preventing hallux valgus shown in Fig. 19 as viewed from the heel and cross-sectional views of each part will be described with reference to Fig. 20. However, explanations of the same reference numerals as those in the above figures will be omitted.
Fig. 20(a) is a front view when viewed from the FB1 direction (heel direction) of Fig. 19( a ). As shown in Fig. 20(a), the height of the rear end 600B is very low (da9: for example, 4.0 mm), so the transverse arch convex portion CA is visible.
Figure 20(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A1-A1 in Figure 19( a ) as viewed from the front. As shown in Figure 20(b), the area around the line A1-A1 in Figure 19( a ) corresponds to the forefoot region, and the hallux valgus lower layer member 610 is not present therein, so the height da2 is 1.5 mm to 2.3 mm (preferably 2.17 mm).
Figure 20(c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the A2-A2 line in Figure 19( a ) when viewed from the front. This section corresponds to the midfoot, so the hallux valgus lower layer member 610 is present, and since it is near the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA, it is also thick, with a height da4 of approximately 8.5 mm (8.0 mm to 9.0 mm: preferably 8.5 mm) (the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA can be seen slightly).

In addition, since the inner edge of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB is near the apex of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB, the inner edge of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB is high.
Furthermore, as shown in Figure 15( a ), it has been explained that the tip contour line "IFa" is formed so as to surround the base of the fifth metatarsal 55. Since the A2-A2 cross section includes the cross section of the area on which this fifth metatarsal 55 is placed, as shown in Figure 20(c), the thickness between the transverse arch convex portion CA and the outer edge is thin, and its height is approximately 3.0 mm (2.8 mm to 3.5 mm: preferably 3.0 mm) (fifth metatarsal depression area M).
Figure 20(d) is a cross-sectional view of the A3-A3 section of Figure 19( a ) when viewed from the front. This part is close to the rearfoot region, so it is thin, with a height of da6 (4.5 mm to 5.0 mm; preferably 4.8 mm). This makes the transverse arch convexity CA appear large.

Figure 20(e) is a cross-sectional view taken along the A4-A4 line in Figure 19( a ) when viewed from the front. This section is between the rearfoot region PIa and the rear end 600B, so it is thin, with a height of da12 (3.5 mm to 4.0 mm: preferably 3.69 mm). This makes the transverse arch convexity CA and the medial longitudinal arch convexity CB appear large.

(Details of the insole 700 for flat feet)
Fig. 21 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the insole 700 for treating flat feet. Fig. 22 shows the insole 700 for treating flat feet in Fig. 21 as viewed from the heel direction and cross-sectional views of each part.
Figure 21(a) is a back view of the insole 700 for treating flatfeet, and Figure 21(b) is a side view when viewed from the medial side of Figure 21(a). Figure 21(c) is a cross-sectional view from the B7-B7 direction of Figure 21(a). This B7-B7 is a straight line connecting the front end 700A and the rear end 700B of the insole 700 for treating flatfeet, and is also referred to as the flatfeet insole insole center line Lab. Note that explanations of the same reference numerals as in the above figures will be omitted.

As shown in Figures 21(a), 21(b) and 21(c), an upper layer member 720 for flat feet is pressure-bonded onto a lower layer member 710 for flat feet (urethane).
21(a), the back surface is formed with a flexion guide groove Ra similar to that described above. Furthermore, the direction viewed from the heel is indicated as FB2.
In Figure 21(b), the maximum height of the inner corner when viewed from the medial side is indicated as db10 (14 mm to 18 mm, preferably approximately 15 mm). The height near the heel when viewed from the medial side is indicated as db8 (13 mm to 17 mm, preferably 16.5 mm). The height decreases from the rear end 700B to LEb (7 mm to 12 mm, preferably 10 mm) near point Eb (behind PIa) and reaches the rear end 700B. The distance from PIa to the rear end 700B is approximately 38 mm (LPE).

As shown in Figure 21(c), the height of the forefoot corresponding area is db1 (e.g., 1.5 mm), the height of the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA is db3 (e.g., 6.82 mm), the height of the heel corresponding area is db7 (e.g., 3.6 mm), and the height of the rear end 700B is db9 (e.g., 4.0 mm). As shown in Figure 21(c), the view is taken from the B7-B7 direction in Figure 20(a), so the top surface AU of the outer corner is visible. The height of this outer corner is db5 (e.g., 11.5 mm).
Next, the insole 700 for treating flat feet shown in Fig. 21 as seen from the heel direction and cross-sectional views of each part will be described with reference to Fig. 22. However, explanations of the same reference numerals as those in the above figures will be omitted.

FIG. 22(a) is a front view seen from the FB2 direction (heel direction) of FIG. 21 ( a ).
As shown in Figure 22(a), the height of the rear end 700B is very low (db9: e.g., 4.0 mm), so the transverse arch convexity CA is visible. However, because the apex of the transverse arch convexity CA of the insole 700 for treating flat feet is low, it is angled from the inner edge.

Figure 22(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the B1-B1 cross section of Figure 21( a ) when viewed from the front. As shown in Figure 22(b), the area near the B1-B1 cross section of Figure 21( a ) is the forefoot corresponding region, and the flatfoot lower layer member 710 is not present, so the height db2 is approximately 2.17 mm. Figure 22(c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the B2-B2 cross section of Figure 21( a ) when viewed from the front. This area is the midfoot corresponding region, so the flatfoot lower layer member 710 is present, and since it is near the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA, it is also thick, and its height db4 is approximately 6.6 mm (6.0 mm to 7.0 mm: preferably 6.6 mm) (the transverse arch convex portion CA and the medial longitudinal arch convex portion CB appear large).

Also, since this is near the apex of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB, the inner edge of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB is high.

Furthermore, in Figure 16 ( b ) above, it was explained that the tip contour line "IF d " is formed to surround the base of the fifth metatarsal 55, but since the B2-B2 cross section includes the cross section of the area on which this fifth metatarsal 55 is placed, as shown in Figure 22 (c), the thickness between the transverse arch convex portion CA and the outer edge is thin, and its height is approximately 3.0 mm (2.8 mm to 3.5 mm: preferably 3.0 mm) (fifth metatarsal depression area M).

Figure 22(d) is a cross-sectional view of the B3-B3 cross section of Figure 21( a ) when viewed from the front. Because this section is close to the rearfoot corresponding area, it is slightly thinner than the B2-B2 cross section, with a height db6 (4.5 mm to 5.0 mm: preferably 5.5 mm). However, because the height of the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA of the insole 700 for treating flat feet is low, the transverse arch convex portion CA is only slightly visible.

Figure 22(e) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B4-B4 in Figure 21( a ) as viewed from the front. This portion is between the rear foot portion corresponding region PIa and the rear end 700B, and is therefore thin, with a height of db12 (3.5 mm to 4.0 mm, preferably 3.6 mm).
Therefore, even if the height of the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA of the insole 700 for treating flat feet is low, the transverse arch convex portion CA and the medial longitudinal arch convex portion CB appear large.

(Details of the Metatarsal Headache Relief Insole 800)
Fig. 23 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the insole 800 for preventing metatarsalgia. Fig. 24 shows the insole 800 for preventing metatarsalgia in Fig. 23 as viewed from the heel direction (e.g., FB3) and cross-sectional views of each part.
Figure 23(a) is a back view of the insole 800 for preventing metatarsal headache, and Figure 23(b) is a side view when viewed from the medial side of Figure 23(a). Figure 23(c) is a cross-sectional view from the C7-C7 direction of Figure 23(a). This C7-C7 is a straight line connecting the front end 800A and rear end 800B of the insole 800 for preventing metatarsal headache, and is also referred to as the metatarsal headache insole insole center line Lac. Note that explanations of the same symbols as in the above figures will be omitted.

As shown in Figures 23(a), 23(b), and 23(c), an upper layer member 820 (urethane) for metatarsal head pain is pressed onto a lower layer member 810 for metatarsal head pain of an insole 800 (urethane) for metatarsal head pain.
23(a), the same flexion guide grooves Ra as above are formed on the back surface. Furthermore, the direction viewed from the heel side is indicated as FB3.
In Figure 23(b), the maximum height of the medial corner when viewed medially is indicated as dc10 (14 mm to 17 mm, preferably approximately 15 mm). The height near the heel when viewed from the medial side is indicated as dc8 (10 mm to 13 mm, preferably 12.0 mm). The height decreases from the rear end 800B to LEb (7 mm to 12 mm, preferably 10 mm) near point Eb (behind PIa) to reach the rear end 800B. The distance from PIa to the rear end 800B is approximately 36 mm (LPE). In Figure 23(c), the step near the area corresponding to the little toe ball SB is indicated as CAe.

As shown in Figure 23(c), the height of the forefoot corresponding area is dc1 (e.g., 1.5 mm), the height of the apex of the transverse arch convex portion is dc3 (e.g., 10.56 mm), the height of the heel corresponding area is dc6 (e.g., 2.24 mm), and the height of the rear end 800B is dc9 (e.g., 3.4 mm). As shown in Figure 23(c), the view is taken from the C7-C7 direction in Figure 23(a), so the top surface AU of the outer corner is visible. The height of this outer corner is dc5 (e.g., 11.5 mm).
Next, the insole 800 for preventing metatarsal pain in Figure 23 (a) will be described with reference to Figure 24, as viewed from the heel, and cross-sectional views of each part. However, explanations of the same reference numerals as in the above figures will be omitted. In addition, the transverse arch convex part is referred to as CAa in Figure 24.
Figure 24(a) is a front view when viewed from the FB3 direction (heel direction) of Figure 23( a ). As shown in Figure 24(a), the height of the rear end 800B is very low (dc9: for example, 3.0 mm), so the convex portion CAa for the transverse arch for metatarsal head pain is visible.
Figure 24(b) is a cross-sectional view of the C1-C1 cross section of Figure 23( a ) when viewed from the front. As shown in Figure 24(b), the area near the C1-C1 cross section of Figure 23( a ) corresponds to the midfoot region, but the leading edge IFc of the metatarsal head lower layer member 810 is roughly U-shaped with the center recessed toward the rear, so the metatarsal head lower layer member 810 is present only on the medial and lateral sides.
The thickness of the metatarsal head upper layer member 820 in the C1-C1 cross section of Figure 24( a ) is thin, and its height dc2 is approximately 2.11 mm.

Figure 24(c) is a cross-sectional view of the C2-C2 cross section of Figure 23( a ) when viewed from the front. This part corresponds to the midfoot region, so the metatarsal arch lower layer 810 is present, and since it is near the apex of the metatarsal arch protrusion CAa, it is thick, with a height dc4 of approximately 10.4 mm (the transverse metatarsal arch protrusion CAa and the medial longitudinal arch protrusion CB are tall).
In addition, since the inner edge of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB is near the apex of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB, the inner edge of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB is high.

Figure 24(d) is a cross-sectional view of the C3-C3 cross section of Figure 23( a ) when viewed from the front. Because this section is close to the area corresponding to the rearfoot, it is slightly thinner than the C2-C2 cross section, with a height dc (3.0 mm). The convex portion CAa for the transverse arch for metatarsal pain of the insole 800 for metatarsal pain also appears large.
Figure 24(e) is a cross-sectional view of the C4-C4 cross section of Figure 23( a ) when viewed from the front. This section is between the hindfoot region PIa and the rear end 800B, so it is thin, with a height of dc12 (2.3 mm). As a result, the transverse arch convexity CAa for the metatarsal head and the medial longitudinal arch convexity CB appear large.

(Details of Morton's Insole 900)
Fig. 25 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the Morton's foot insole 900. Fig. 26 shows the Morton's foot insole 900 of Fig. 25 as viewed from the heel side (for example, FB4 ) and cross-sectional views of each part.
Figure 25(a) is a back view of the Morton's foot insole 900, and Figure 25(b) is a side view when viewed from the medial side of Figure 25(a). Figure 25(c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D7-D7 in Figure 25(a). This line D7-D7 is a line connecting the leading end 900A and the trailing end 900B of the Morton's foot insole 900, and is also referred to as the Morton's foot insole center line Lad. Explanations of the same reference numerals as those in the above figures will be omitted.

As shown in Figures 25(a), 25(b), and 25(c), a Morton's upper layer member 920 (urethane) is pressure-bonded onto a Morton's lower layer member 910 of a Morton's injury prevention insole 900 (urethane).
25(a), the back surface is formed with a flexion guide groove Ra similar to that described above. Furthermore, the direction viewed from the heel is indicated as FB4.
In Figure 25(b), the maximum height of the inner corner when viewed from the inside is indicated as dd10 (14 mm to 17 mm, preferably approximately 15 mm). The height near the heel when viewed from the inside is indicated as dd8 (10 mm to 13 mm, preferably 12.0 mm). The height decreases from the rear end 900B to LEb (7 mm to 12 mm, preferably 10 mm) near point Eb (behind PIa) to the rear end 900B. The distance from PIa to the rear end 900B is approximately 36 mm (LPE).

As shown in Figure 25(c), the height of the forefoot corresponding area is dd1 (e.g., 1.5 mm), and the height near the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA is dd3 (e.g., 9.3 mm). The height of the heel corresponding area is dd6 (e.g., 2.5 mm), and the height of the rear end 900B is dd9 (e.g., 3.4 mm). As shown in Figure 25(c), the view is taken from the D7-D7 direction in Figure 25(a), so the top surface AU of the outer corner is visible. The height of this outer corner is dd5 (e.g., 11.5 mm).

Next, the insole 900 for Morton's foot pain prevention shown in Fig. 25 as viewed from the heel and cross-sectional views of each part will be described with reference to Fig. 26. However, the same reference numerals as those in the above figures will not be described.
Figure 26(a) is a front view when viewed from the FB4 direction (heel direction) of Figure 25( a ). As shown in Figure 26(a), the height of the rear end 900B is very low (dd9: for example, 3.0 mm), so the transverse arch convex portion CA is visible.
Figure 26(b) is a cross-sectional view of the D1-D1 cross section of Figure 25( a ) when viewed from the front. As shown in Figure 26(b), the area near the D1-D1 cross section of Figure 25( a ) is the forefoot corresponding area, and is therefore thin, with a height dd2 of about 1.5 mm.

Figure 26(c) is a cross-sectional view of the D2-D2 cross section of Figure 25( a ) viewed from the front. As shown in Figure 26( cb ), the area near the D2-D2 cross section of Figure 25( a ) is the midfoot corresponding region, where the Morton's lower layer member 910 is located. In addition, since it is near the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA, it is thick and its height is about dd4 (8.5 mm).
Furthermore, since the tip edge IFd of the Morton's lower layer member 910 is designed to surround the base of the fifth metatarsal 55, the D2-D2 cross section includes a cross section of the area where the fifth metatarsal 55 is placed (fifth metatarsal depression area M).
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 26(c), the thickness of the fifth metatarsal depression region M is thin, with a height of about 3.0 mm (2.8 mm to 3.5 mm: preferably 3.0 mm).

In addition, since the inner edge of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB is near the apex of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB, the inner edge of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB is high.
Figure 26(d) is a cross-sectional view of the D3-D3 cross section of Figure 25( a ) when viewed from the front. Because this section is close to the rearfoot region, it is slightly thinner than the D2-D2 cross section, with a height of dd6 (6.0 mm). Furthermore, because it is slightly thinner than the D2-D2 cross section, the transverse arch convexity CA can also be seen.
Figure 26(e) is a cross-sectional view of the D4-D4 cross section of Figure 25( a ) when viewed from the front. This section is between the rearfoot region PIa and the rear end 900B, so it is thin, with a height of dd12 (3.0 mm). This makes the transverse arch convexity CA and the medial longitudinal arch convexity CB appear large.

(Details of the Knee Pain Relief Insole 1000)
Fig. 27 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the insole 1000 for preventing knee pain. Fig. 28 shows the insole 1000 for preventing knee pain in Fig. 27 as viewed from the heel direction (for example, FB5) and cross-sectional views of each part.
Figure 27(a) is a back view of the insole 1000 for knee pain prevention, and Figure 27(b) is a side view when viewed from the medial side of Figure 27(a). Figure 27(c) is a cross-sectional view from the E7-E7 direction of Figure 27(a). This E7-E7 is a straight line connecting the front end 1000A and the rear end 1000B of the insole 1000 for knee pain prevention, and is also referred to as the center line Lae of the insole for knee pain. Note that explanations of the same symbols as in the above figures will be omitted.

As shown in Figures 27(a), 27(b), and 27(c), an upper layer member 1020 (urethane) for knee pain relief is pressed onto a lower layer member 1010 for knee pain relief of an insole 1000 (urethane).
27(a), the back surface is formed with a flexion guide groove Ra similar to that described above. Furthermore, the direction viewed from the heel is indicated as FB5.
In Figure 27(b), the maximum height of the inner corner when viewed from the inside is de10 (14 mm to 17 mm, preferably about 15 mm). The height near the heel when viewed from the inside is de8 (10 mm to 13 mm, preferably 12.0 mm). The height decreases from the rear end 1000B to LEb (7 mm to 12 mm, preferably 10 mm) near point Eb (behind PIa) to reach the rear end 1000B.
The distance from PIa to the rear end 1000B is about 36 mm (LPE).

As shown in FIG. 27(c), the height of the forefoot corresponding region is de1 (for example, 1.5 mm), and the height of the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA is de3 (for example, 9.3 mm).
The height of the heel-corresponding region is de6 (e.g., 2.5 mm), and the height of the rear end 1000B is de9 (e.g., 3.4 mm). As shown in FIG. 27(c), since the view is taken from the E7-E7 direction in FIG. 27(a), the top surface AU of the outer corner is visible. The height of this outer corner is de5 (e.g., 11.5 mm).
Next, the insole 1000 for preventing knee pain shown in Fig. 27 as viewed from the heel and cross-sectional views of each part will be described with reference to Fig. 28. However, explanations of the same reference numerals as those in the above figures will be omitted.

Fig. 28(a) is a front view when viewed from the FB5 direction (heel direction) of Fig. 27( a ). As shown in Fig. 27(c), the height of the rear end 1000B is very low (d e9: for example, 3.0 mm), so the transverse arch convex portion CA is visible.
Figure 28(b) is a cross-sectional view of the E1-E1 cross section of Figure 27( a ) when viewed forward. As shown in Figure 28(b), the area near the E1-E1 cross section is the forefoot corresponding area, and is therefore thin, with a height de2 of about 1.5 mm.
Figure 28(c) is a cross-sectional view of the E2-E2 cross section of Figure 27( a ) when viewed from the front. The area near the E2-E2 cross section is the midfoot corresponding region, where the lower layer member for knee pain 1010 is located. In addition, since it is near the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA, it is thick and its height is about de4 (10.0 mm).

Furthermore, since the tip edge IFe of the lower layer member 1010 for knee pain is designed to surround the base of the fifth metatarsal 55, the E2-E2 cross section includes a cross section of the fifth metatarsal depression region M (not shown) on which the fifth metatarsal 55 is placed.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 28(c), the thickness of the fifth metatarsal depression region M is thin, with a height of about 3.0 mm (2.8 mm to 3.5 mm: preferably 3.0 mm).
In addition, since the inner edge of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB is near the apex of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB, the inner edge of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB is high.
Figure 28(d) is a cross-sectional view of the E3-E3 cross section of Figure 27( a ) when viewed from the front. Because this section is close to the area corresponding to the rearfoot, it is slightly thinner than the E2-E2 cross section, with a height of de6 (6.0 mm). Furthermore, because it is slightly thinner than the E2-E2 cross section, the transverse arch convexity CA can also be seen.

In order to correct the hindfoot by eversion, a long inclined surface is formed in the area from the outer edge facing the center of the fifth metatarsal 55 through the center of the calcaneus 75 to the rear end. For this reason, the height of the outer edge of the E3-E3 cross section is, for example, about 13.0 mm.
Figure 28(e) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line E4-E4 in Figure 27( a ) when viewed from the front. The height of this portion is de12 (7.0 mm).

(Details of the Insole 1100 for Back Pain Relief)
Fig. 29 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the insole for lower back pain 1100. Fig. 30 shows the insole for lower back pain 1100 of Fig. 29 as viewed from the heel direction (for example, FB6) and cross-sectional views of each part.
Figure 29(a) is a back view of the insole 1100 for lower back pain prevention, and Figure 29(b) is a side view when viewed from the medial side of Figure 29(a). Figure 29(c) is a cross-sectional view from the F7-F7 direction of Figure 29(a). This F7-F7 is a straight line connecting the front end 1100A and rear end 1100B of the insole 1100 for lower back pain prevention, and is also referred to as the insole midsole center line Laf. Note that explanations for the same reference numerals as in the above figures will be omitted.

As shown in Figures 29(a), 29(b), and 29(c), an upper layer member 1120 (urethane) for relief of lower back pain is pressed onto a lower layer member 1110 for relief of lower back pain of an insole 1100 (urethane).
29(a), the back surface is formed with a flexion guide groove Ra similar to that described above. Furthermore, the direction viewed from the heel is indicated as FB6.
In Figure 29(b), the maximum height of the inner corner when viewed from the inside is indicated as df10 (14 mm to 17 mm, preferably approximately 15 mm). The height of the heel when viewed from the inside is indicated as df8 (10 mm to 13 mm, preferably 12.0 mm). The height of rear end 1100B decreases from near point Eb (rear of PIa) at LEb (7 mm to 12 mm, preferably 10 mm) to reach rear end 1100B.
The distance from PIa to the rear end 1100B is about 36 mm (LPE).

As shown in FIG. 29(c), the height of the forefoot corresponding region is df1 (for example, 1.5 mm), and the height of the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA is df3 (for example, 6.0 mm).
The height of the heel-corresponding region is df6 (e.g., 5.0 mm), and the height of the rear end 1100B is df9. As shown in Figure 29(c), since the view is taken from the F7-F7 direction in Figure 29(a), the top surface AU of the outer corner is visible. The height of this outer corner is df5 (e.g., 11.5 mm).

Next, the insole 1100 for preventing lower back pain shown in Fig. 28 as viewed from the heel and cross-sectional views of each part will be described with reference to Fig. 29. However, explanations of the same reference numerals as those in the above figures will be omitted.
Figure 30(a) is a front view when viewed from the FB6 direction (heel direction) of Figure 29( a ). As shown in Figure 29(c), the height of the rear end 1100B is very low (df 9 ), so the transverse arch convex portion CA is visible.

Figure 30(b) is a cross-sectional view of the front from the F1-F1 cross section of Figure 29( a ). The area around the F1-F1 cross section is the forefoot corresponding area, and is therefore thin, with a height df2 of about 1.5 mm.
Figure 30(c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line F2-F2 of Figure 29( a ) as viewed from the front. The area around the line F2-F2 is the midfoot region, where the lower back pain relief member 1110 is located.
Further, near the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA, the apex is low, so the height is also about df4 (6.0 mm).
Furthermore, since the tip edge IFf of the lower layer member 1110 for lower back pain is designed to surround the base of the fifth metatarsal 55, the F2-F2 cross section includes a cross section of the fifth metatarsal depression region M on which the fifth metatarsal 55 is placed.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 30(c), the thickness of the fifth metatarsal depression region M is thin, with a height of about 3.0 mm (2.8 mm to 3.5 mm: preferably 3.0 mm).
In addition, since the inner edge of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB is near the apex of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB, the inner edge of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB is high.
Figure 30(d) is a cross-sectional view of the F3-F3 section of Figure 29( a ) when viewed from the front. This section is close to the rear foot area, so it is slightly thinner than the F2-F2 section, with a height df6 ( 5.0 mm ).
FIG. 30(e) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line F4-F4 in FIG. 29( a ) as viewed from the front.
The height of this part is df12 (4.5 mm). In other words, by lowering the rear foot, the pelvis is tilted backward, reducing pain.

(Details of the insole 1200 for bow legs)
Fig. 31 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the insole 1200 for correcting bow legs. Fig. 32 shows the insole 1200 for correcting bow legs of Fig. 31 as viewed from the heel direction (for example, FB7) and cross-sectional views of each part.
Figure 31(a) is a back view of the insole 1200 for preventing bow legs, and Figure 31(b) is a side view when viewed from the medial side of Figure 31(a). Figure 31(c) is a cross-sectional view from the G7-G7 direction of Figure 30(a). This G7-G7 is a straight line connecting the front end 1200A and the rear end 1200B of the insole 1200 for preventing bow legs, and is also referred to as the bow-legs insole insole center line Lag. Note that explanations of the same symbols as in the above figures will be omitted.

As shown in Figures 31(a), 31(b), and 31(c), an upper layer member for bow legs 1220 (urethane) is pressure-bonded onto a lower layer member for bow legs 1210 of an insole 1200 (urethane) for preventing bow legs .
31(a), the back surface is formed with a flexion guide groove Ra similar to that described above. Furthermore, the direction viewed from the heel is indicated as FB7.
In Figure 31(b), the maximum height of the inner corner when viewed from the inside is indicated as dg10 (14 mm to 17 mm, preferably approximately 15 mm). The height near the heel when viewed from the inside is indicated as dg8 (10 mm to 13 mm, preferably 12.0 mm). The height decreases from the rear end 1200B to LEb (7 mm to 12 mm, preferably 10 mm) near point Eb (behind PIa) to reach the rear end 1200B.
The distance from PIa to the rear end 1200B is about 36 mm (LPE).

As shown in FIG. 31(c), the height of the forefoot corresponding area is dg1 (for example, 1.5 mm), and the height of the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA is dg3 (for example, 5.0 mm).
The height of the heel corresponding region is dg6 (for example, 5.8 mm), and the height of the rear end 1200B is dg9 .
As shown in Figure 31(c), the view is taken from the E7-E7 direction in Figure 31(a), so the top surface AU of the outer corner is visible. The height of this outer corner is dg5 (for example, 15.5 mm).
The reason why the height of the outer corner is as high as dg5 (e.g., 15.5 mm) is that an inclined region (inclined region for bow legs: not shown) is formed from the point facing the center of the cuboid bone 71 on the inner edge of the back surface to the rear end of the heel in order to correct bow leg valgus by everting the midfoot to rearfoot. This applies an external force that tilts the entire lower leg inward, guiding the knee joint in the eversion direction. Next, using Figure 32, we will explain the insole 1200 for bow leg prevention in Figure 31 as seen from the heel direction and cross-sectional views of each part. However, explanations of the same symbols as in the above figures will be omitted.

Figure 32(a) is a front view when viewed from the FB7 direction (heel direction) of Figure 31( a ). As shown in Figure 29(c), the height of the rear end 1100B is very low (df 9), so the transverse arch convexity CA is visible as shown in Figure 32(a). In addition, the line of the slope for bowed legs runs diagonally from a point facing the center of the cuboid bone 71, passing near the center of the calcaneus (slightly inside) and reaching the rear end, so the outer edge is higher.

Figure 32(b) is a cross-sectional view of the front from the G1-G1 cross section of Figure 31( a ). The area around the G1-G1 cross section is the area corresponding to the forefoot, and is therefore thin, with a height dg2 of about 1.5 mm.
Figure 32(c) is a cross-sectional view looking forward from the G2-G2 cross section in Figure 31( a ). The area near the G2-G2 cross section is the midfoot region, where the lower layer member for bow legs 1210 is located. Also, the area is near the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA, but since the apex is slightly lower than the lower back pain, its height is also about dg4 (5.7 mm).
In addition, since the inner edge of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB is near the apex of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB, the inner edge of the inner longitudinal arch protrusion CB is high.

Figure 32(d) is a cross-sectional view of the G3-G3 cross section of Figure 31( a ) when viewed from the front. This part is close to the rear foot corresponding area, so it is slightly thinner than the G2-G2 cross section, with a height of dg6 (5.0 mm).
FIG. 32(e) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line G4-G4 in FIG. 31( a ) as viewed from the front.
The height of this part is dg12 (6.0 mm).
That is, since the bow -legged slope Cg is formed on the outer edge side, the outer edge side has a certain height (for example, dg5) from the G3-G3 cross section to the G4-G4 cross section.

(Details of the plantar fasciitis insole 1300)
Fig. 33 is a detailed explanatory diagram of the insole 1300 for preventing plantar fasciitis. Fig. 34 shows the insole 1300 for preventing plantar fasciitis of Fig. 33 as viewed from the heel direction (for example, FB8) and cross-sectional views of each part.
Figure 33(a) is a back view of the plantar fasciitis prevention insole 1300, and Figure 33(b) is a side view as viewed from the medial side of Figure 33(a). Figure 33(c) is a cross-sectional view from the H7-H7 direction of Figure 33(a). This H7-H7 is a straight line connecting the front end 1300A and the rear end 1300B of the plantar fasciitis prevention insole 1300, and is also referred to as the plantar fasciitis insole insole center line Lah. Note that explanations of the same symbols as in the above figures will be omitted.

As shown in Figures 33(a), 33(b), and 33(c), an upper layer member for plantar fasciitis 1320 (urethane) is pressure-bonded onto a lower layer member for plantar fasciitis 1310 (urethane).
33(a), the back surface is formed with a flexion guide groove Ra similar to that described above. Furthermore, the direction viewed from the heel is indicated as FB8.
In Figure 33(b), the maximum height of the inner corner when viewed from the inside is indicated as dh10 (14 mm to 17 mm, preferably approximately 15 mm). The height near the heel when viewed from the inside is indicated as dh8 (10 mm to 13 mm, preferably 12.0 mm). The height decreases from the rear end 1300B to LEb (7 mm to 12 mm, preferably 10 mm) near point Eb (behind PIa) to reach the rear end 1300B.
The distance from PIa to the rear end 1300B is about 36 mm (LPE).

As shown in FIG. 33(c), the height of the forefoot corresponding region is dh1 (for example, 1.5 mm), and the height of the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA is dh3 (for example, 6.37 mm).
The height of the heel corresponding region is dh6 (for example, 2.44 mm), and the height of the rear end 1300B is dh9 (for example, 5.5 mm).
As shown in Figure 33(c), the view is taken from the H7-H7 direction in Figure 33(a), so the top surface AU of the outer corner is visible. The height of this outer corner is dh5 (for example, 14.5 mm).

Next, the insole 1300 for preventing plantar fasciitis shown in Fig. 33 as viewed from the heel and cross-sectional views of each part will be described with reference to Fig. 34. However, explanations of the same reference numerals as those in the above figures will be omitted.
Figure 34(a) is a front view when viewed from the FB8 direction (heel direction) of Figure 33( a ). As shown in Figure 33(c), the height of the rear end 1300B is very low (dh9: for example, 5.5 mm), so the transverse arch convex portion CA is visible as shown in Figure 34(a).

Figure 34(b) is a cross-sectional view of the front from the H1-H1 cross section of Figure 33( a ). The area around the H1-H1 cross section is the forefoot corresponding area, and is therefore thin, with a height dh2 of approximately 2.11 mm.
Figure 34(c) is a cross-sectional view of Figure 33( a ) taken along the line H2-H2. The area near the line H2-H2 corresponds to the midfoot region, and is where the lower layer member for plantar fasciitis 1310 is located. The area is also near the apex of the transverse arch convex portion CA, and the height of this apex is approximately dh4 (6.25 mm).

In addition, since it is also near the apex of the convex portion CB for the medial longitudinal arch, the inner edge is high.
Figure 34(d) is a cross-sectional view of the H3-H3 cross section of Figure 33( a ) when viewed from the front. Because Ta of Figure 18 exists in this part, it is slightly thinner than the H2-H2 cross section, and its height is d h 6 (4.49 mm).
FIG. 34(e) is a cross-sectional view taken along the H4-H4 line in FIG. 33( a ) as viewed from the front.
The height of this part is dh12 (4.54 mm).

<Fourth Embodiment>
The recess Ta for treating the edge of the plantar fascia of the insole 1300 for treating plantar fasciitis has been described as an oval, but it may also be shaped like a bronze bell, as in Japanese Patent No. 6609222. An example of the invention in which a flexion-inducing groove Ra is provided on the back surface and the rear end is lowered in the same manner as in the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.
35 is an explanatory diagram of an insole 1400 for preventing plantar fasciitis according to embodiment 4. Explanations of components with the same reference numerals as those in the above figures will be omitted.
Fig. 35(a) shows a perspective view of the insole 1400 for preventing plantar fasciitis, and Fig. 35(b) shows a cross section taken along a straight line (not shown) connecting the front end 1400A and the rear end 1400B of the insole 1400 for preventing plantar fasciitis. However, Fig. 35(b) shows the insole as viewed from the medial side.

The insole 1400 for treating plantar fasciitis shown in FIG. 35( a ) is formed by compressing and molding a lower layer member 1410 for treating plantar fasciitis, a middle layer member 1420 for treating plantar fasciitis, and a surface layer member 1430 .
The heights of the transverse arch convexity CA, medial longitudinal arch convexity CB, and lateral longitudinal arch convexity CD are made higher than the above convexities to counter splayfoot, hallux valgus, posture maintenance, and flatfoot . In addition, a recess TD for protecting the plantar fascia is molded.

The materials of this insole, the lower layer member 1410 for plantar fasciitis and the middle layer member 1420 for plantar fasciitis, are soft elastic materials. Specifically, they are urethane resin, elastomer, cork rubber, EVA resin material, etc. In this embodiment, the material will be described as urethane resin (hereinafter simply referred to as urethane).
The surface layer member 1430 is a nonwoven fabric, cloth, leather, artificial covering, etc. In this embodiment, the surface layer member 1430 is described as being made of cloth.
The lower layer member 1410 for plantar fasciitis described above is made of the same material as the middle layer member 1420 for plantar fasciitis, but has a higher compressibility (feels harder) than the middle layer member 1420 for plantar fasciitis. This allows the lower layer member 1410 to provide an appropriate repulsive force.

As shown in Figure 35(a), a bronze bell-shaped recess TD for protecting the plantar fascia is molded on the heel side. These recesses are molded to be connected by a smooth curved surface. In this recess TD for protecting the plantar fascia, an elliptical hole Tda is formed in the area corresponding to the calcaneal prominence of the foot.
35(b), the height of the transverse arch convex portion CA gradually decreases toward the rear end. Furthermore, the rear end 1400B is lowered in height, and this height corresponds to the height of the tip of the rear foot part on the rear side of the transverse arch convex portion CA.
The details of the aforementioned plantar fascia protection recess TD will be explained using Figure 36. Figure 36 is an enlarged perspective view of the plantar fascia protection recess TD. The elliptical hole Tda is indicated by a dotted line, and the area corresponding to the fascia origin is also indicated by a dotted line. The plantar fascia K extending radially from the fascia origin is also shown.

As shown in Figure 36, the plantar fascia protection recess TD has a width of approximately 33.0 mm near the area corresponding to the fascia origin and 36.0 mm on the transverse arch protrusion side. In other words, the width gradually increases toward the transverse arch protrusion. This shape is referred to as a bronze bell shape in this embodiment. Furthermore, the height gradually increases toward the transverse arch protrusion side.

As a result, when the foot is placed on this insole, the area around the calcaneus rests on the apex (convex) of the area around the rear foot corresponding region 230, excluding the plantar fascia protection recess TD, so there is no pain at the origin of the plantar fascia K. In other words, pain caused by plantar fasciitis is relieved.

<Fifth Embodiment>
The flexion induction grooves Ra may be provided in the insole of Japanese Patent No. 6,994,681.
The rear end may be lowered or may be left as it is.
In this embodiment, the right insole of Japanese Patent No. 6994681, which is provided with the flexion-inducing grooves Ra, will be described as a walking insole (the rear end may be lowered).
37 is a back view of a walking insole 1500 according to embodiment 5. As in the above, the surface is provided with a medial longitudinal arch convex portion, a lateral arch convex portion, and an lateral longitudinal arch convex portion (not shown).

Furthermore, an outer inclined region is formed on the front surface side, and this outer inclined region is formed as a longitudinally long slope whose height gradually increases toward the outer edge, at least between the outer edge and a substantially straight line that runs from near the center of the fifth metatarsal, through near the center of the base of the fifth metatarsal, and through near the center of the region corresponding to the rearfoot.
The region corresponding to the forefoot (not shown) curves toward the toe and both edges (see FIG. 40).

As shown in Figure 37, on the back side of the lower layer member that constitutes the walking insole 1500, a groove (hereinafter referred to as the approximately inverted S-shaped groove SGi) approximately 1.8 mm wide is formed, roughly surrounding the area corresponding to the ball of the foot (not shown) and extending to the tip.
The inverted S-shaped grooves SGi are formed radially from the area corresponding to the ball of the foot toward the outer edge, and are spaced apart at intervals of about 10 mm on the outer edge.

37, a walking reinforcement member 1570 is pressure-bonded to the back surface of the walking lower member 1510. This walking reinforcement member 1570 has an egg-shaped hole punched in an area corresponding to the center of the calcaneus (hereinafter referred to as walking reinforcement member heel hole 1580).
The front edge of the walking reinforcement member 1570, which is located on the outer side of the foot near the midfoot corresponding region 220 (hereinafter referred to as the walking reinforcement member foot outer edge WTa), is shaped so that it does not come into contact with the fifth metatarsal bone (not shown). Furthermore, a flexion guide groove Ra is formed on the back surface.

In addition, the walking insole 1500 is a multi-layer structure consisting of a lower walking layer 1510 made of urethane foam, an upper walking layer 1520 made of urethane foam, a walking surface layer 1530, and a bottom layer walking reinforcement layer 1570 (see Figures 39 and 40).
In addition to urethane foam, a foam of a thermoplastic synthetic resin such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or a foam of a rubber material such as butanediol rubber may also be used.
Furthermore, the walking insole 1500 of this embodiment has a core material provided between the lower layer member and the upper layer member. Although this core material is not essential, this embodiment will be described as including a core material.

38 is a plan view of the walking insole 1500 of this embodiment as seen from the back. Note that a part of the foot F is drawn in solid lines. The protrusions formed on the surface side are also drawn in solid lines, and the core between the lower and upper layer members is also drawn in solid lines.
As shown in FIG. 38, the walking insole 1500 has a walking core material JS provided between a walking lower layer member 1510 (not shown) and a walking upper layer member 1520 (not shown).
As shown in FIG. 38, the walking core JS is a generally U-shaped band with a wide area for the ball of the foot.
That is, when walking, the weight of the foot passes through the walking core JS and is transferred to the big toe side.
In addition, a flexion-inducing groove Ra is formed immediately behind the ball of the big toe, which allows the knee vector to be directed inward when the foot lands, allowing for straight, smooth walking.
In addition, the convex portion for the outer longitudinal arch for walking (hereinafter referred to as the outer inclined region for walking WSi) extends to near the center of the heel hole portion 1580 of the reinforcing member for walking provided in the rear foot portion, so that it pushes up the outer side of the sole.

Next, the following will be explained using cross-sectional views.
Fig. 39(b) is a Bj-Bj cross section of the walking insole 1500 of Fig. 38, and Fig. 39(a) is a Dj-Dj cross section of Fig. 38. Fig. 40 is a JJ cross section of Fig. 38.
As shown in Figures 39(b) and 39(a), the walking outer inclined region WSi is a slope that is long in the longitudinal direction and whose inclination gradually increases toward the outer edge.
Sixth Embodiment
In this embodiment, the insole on the left side of Japanese Patent No. 7113481, which is provided with the flexion-inducing grooves Ra, will be described as a running insole 1600 (the rear end may be lowered).
41 is a back view of a running insole 1600 according to embodiment 6. As in the above, convex portions for the medial longitudinal arch, convex portions for the lateral arch, and convex portions for the lateral longitudinal arch are formed on the surface, but are not shown.
Furthermore, on the back side of the lower layer member that constitutes the running insole 1600, a flexion induction groove Ra is formed immediately after the area corresponding to the ball of the foot (not shown).

As shown in FIG. 41, the back side of the running lower layer member 1610 is formed with a generally inverted S-shaped groove SGi that substantially surrounds the ball of the foot corresponding area BC and reaches the tip.
Furthermore, a running reinforcement member 1670 is pressure-bonded to the back surface of the running lower layer member 1610. The running lower layer member 1610 has an egg-shaped hole punched in an area corresponding to the center of the calcaneus (not shown) (hereinafter referred to as running reinforcement member heel hole 1680).

Furthermore, the outer edge W T b of the running reinforcement member, which is the front edge of the running reinforcement member 1670, is shaped so as not to come into contact with the fifth metatarsal bone for running (not shown).
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 42, which will be described later, the running core extends up to the front of the back of the area corresponding to the ball of the foot.
Additionally, the tip edge of the running reinforcement member 1670 on the toe side is shaped so as not to come into contact with the fifth metatarsal bone.
Furthermore, a bending induction groove Ra is formed on the rear surface.

The running insole 1600 is a multi-layer structure made up of a urethane foam running lower layer 1610, a urethane foam running upper layer 1620 (not shown), a running cover layer 1630 (not shown), and a running reinforcing layer 1670, which forms the bottom layer (see Figures 43 (b) and 43 (c)). The running insole 1600 of this embodiment has a core material provided between the lower layer and the upper layer. This core material is not essential, but this embodiment will be described as having a built-in core material.
42 is a plan view of the running insole 1600 of this embodiment as seen from the back. Note that a part of the foot F is depicted in solid lines. The protrusions formed on the surface side are also depicted in solid lines, as is the core between the lower and upper layer members.
As shown in FIG. 42, a running insole 1600 includes a running core KS between a running lower layer member 1610 (not shown) and a running upper layer member 1620 (not shown).
That is, when running, the load on the foot passes through the running core KS and is transferred to the big toe side.
In addition, a flexion induction groove Ra is formed immediately behind the ball of the big toe, which allows the knee vector to be directed inward when the foot lands, allowing for straight, smooth running.

Figure 43 is an explanatory diagram of a running insole 1600. Figure 43 (a) is a plan view of the running insole as viewed from above. As shown in Figure 43 (a), a recessed portion RH is formed on the surface, and a flexion-inducing groove Ra is formed immediately after this.

Figure 43 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along Rj-Rj in Figure 431 (a), and Figure 431 (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along Rk-Rk in Figure 431 (a). Note that the running cover member 1630 is not shown in Figures 43(b) and 43 (c).
As shown in Figure 43 (c), the Rk-Rk cross section, which is the heel portion, shows that there is no outer slope region (convex portion for the outer longitudinal arch) like in walking. Furthermore, as shown in Figure 43 (c), the running shoe has a recessed portion HR on the surface side to accommodate the ball of the foot. A flexion-inducing groove Ra is formed immediately behind the back surface of this recessed portion RH. A soft, plate-shaped cushioning material (not shown) may also be attached to the recessed portion RH.

Seventh Embodiment
Figure 44 is an explanatory diagram of the running insole 1600 of embodiment 7 as seen from the front side. Figure 44 (a) is a perspective view of the running insole 1600. Figure 44 (b) is a perspective view showing a cross section of a part of Figure 43(a).

The recessed portion RH has a bottom RHa (ellipse or circle) and a side wall RHb continuing from the bottom RHa. In the illustrated example, the bottom RHa of the recessed portion RH is a flat surface having an elliptical or circular shape. When the major axis of the recessed portion RH is an ellipse, it is preferable that the recessed portion RH extends from the inner edge to the outer edge. The side wall RHb of the recessed portion RH extends from the bottom RHa in a cone-shaped manner, widening outward.
That is, when the ball of the foot is received in the depression RH, the ball of the foot rests on the bottom RHa of the depression RH and is partially surrounded by the side wall RHb and comes into contact with the side wall RHb.
Therefore, when walking or running, the ball of the foot does not slip when pushing off.
Furthermore, the flexion guide grooves Ra allow the knees of the feet to face inward.
That is, the insole has a depression formed on the surface in the area corresponding to the ball of the foot on the sole, which mainly assists running, and further has a convex portion for the transverse arch and a convex portion for the medial longitudinal arch.
The recessed portion is
It has a small circular base surrounded by a curved wall and a circular upper edge, giving it a mortar-like shape.
moreover,
a raised portion having a slope extending from the peripheral wall of the recessed portion with which the rear surface of the ball of the foot abuts when the foot is placed, is provided immediately behind the recessed portion;
The area in which the raised portion is formed is between the inner edge and the convex portion for the transverse arch, and is forward of the apex of the convex portion for the medial longitudinal arch, and is between the head of the first metatarsal bone and the vicinity of the center of the first metatarsal bone when the foot is placed.
Furthermore, the raised portion formed in this range is
The shape when viewed from above is formed into a substantially triangular shape with a slope,
Furthermore, since the flexion induction groove Ra is formed on the back surface, this slope applies a repulsive force to the back surface of the ball of the foot when pushing off, and also directs the vector inward.
This allows you to kick off straight, making running smarter and putting less strain on your body.
The apex of the slope is set at a predetermined height below the apex of the transverse arch convex portion.
The core material is made of a woven or nonwoven fabric impregnated with a synthetic resin. The core material has a thickness of 1.0 mm or less, a bending stiffness value of approximately 31 N·cm in the length direction, and a bending stiffness value of 17 N·cm in the width direction. The bending stiffness values were measured under specified measurement conditions (measurement device: Olsen stickness tester, ambient temperature: 20°C, ambient relative humidity: 65% RH, deflection angle: 40°).

By forming the above-mentioned flexion induction groove Ra immediately behind the ball of the big toe corresponding area BC on the back surface of the lower layer member, the actual kicking direction is a combination of the load direction when the ball of the little toe lands on the ball of the big toe side and the direction of momentum associated with forward movement, and is therefore approximately parallel to the walking line and the direction of knee movement.
Therefore, even without twisting the knees and ankles, the knees are roughly parallel to the direction of movement when the foot lands. This allows the user to push off without putting strain on the knees, ankles, and other parts of the body, allowing for walking without losing posture. Also, unlike conventional models, the trajectory does not meander, making walking and running smarter.

It is preferable to use the midsole of the shoe described in Japanese Patent No. 6767158. That is, the rear foot area, which corresponds to the rear part of the foot, is higher than the fore foot area, which corresponds to the fore foot, and the reinforcing plate is press-molded on the ground-contact side, which is the back side of the midsole.
The reinforcing plate has a tip edge that is roughly V-shaped when viewed from the back, and the apex of the tip edge is located at a predetermined position on the midplate that is near the area between the head of the third metatarsal bone and the head of the fourth metatarsal bone, and the tip edge has an inner side that is on the inside of the foot and an outer side that is on the outside of the foot, starting from the apex, and the apex at the predetermined position is located on a horizontal straight line that passes near the center of the area of the midplate corresponding to the ball of the big toe and near the center of the area of the area of the midplate corresponding to the ball of the little toe, and the inner side edge is linear, extending from the apex at the predetermined position to the horizontal straight line, through the area immediately behind the head of the first metatarsal bone and reaching the inner edge, at an included angle of 7 to 12 degrees.
The side in the lateral direction of the foot is preferably a midsole extending from the apex of the toe side through a region corresponding to the head of the fourth metatarsal bone and a region corresponding to the head of the fifth metatarsal bone to the outer edge.

The core material may be made of synthetic resin only. Furthermore, although the above embodiments have been described as having a multi-layer structure, it may also be a single-layer structure. However, in the case of a single-layer structure, it is preferable that no core material be provided. In each of the above embodiments, the groove is provided on the back surface of the upper layer member, but it may also be provided on the top surface of the upper layer member.
It is also preferable to use shoes that have grooves for the inner thigh, middle thigh, and outer thigh on the back of the sole.

The insole of this embodiment is preferably made of urethane, and the surface is preferably made of polyester, cotton, wool, or the like.
In addition to urethane foam, the reinforcing shell may be a foam of a thermoplastic synthetic resin such as ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) or a foam of a rubber material such as butanedione rubber. The reinforcing shell is made of a plastic or reinforcing fiber having a thickness of 1.0 to 3.0 mm and a flexural modulus of 150 to 3,000 MPa.

200 Prenatal insole 210 Forefoot corresponding area 220 Midfoot corresponding area 230 Rearfoot corresponding area BC Ball of the big toe corresponding area SB Ball of the little toe corresponding area M Fifth metatarsal depression area Ra Flexion induction groove

Claims (2)

An insole having a convex portion formed on the surface that comes into contact with the foot to adjust the arch of the foot,
This insole is characterized in that a linear flexion-inducing groove is formed between the back part of the third metatarsal head, which is directly behind the area on the surface where the third metatarsal head is placed, and the back part of the inner edge, which is directly behind the area on the back of the ball of the big toe, directly behind the area on the back of the ball of the big toe. The rear end of the rear foot corner is set to a height approximately equal to the height of the rear portion of the transverse arch convexity on the center line of the insole,
The inner and outer edges are
2. The insole according to claim 1, wherein the insole extends downward from a position opposite a predetermined point between the heel center and the rear end and reaches the rear end.