JP7714835B2 - Shock-absorbing, thin, simple tatami mat - Google Patents

Description

To provide a shock-absorbing, thin, simple tatami mat that can be laid in a flooring room, and that has excellent cushioning properties to cushion shocks so that infants, the elderly, and physically handicapped people can move around safely, and that is lightweight and highly portable as a tatami floor set.

In general, homes have become Western-style structures, with most rooms having wooden floors and very few rooms with tatami mats. On the other hand, there are also those who want to live a Japanese lifestyle in a room with wooden floors and tatami mats, and there are also those who want to adopt a seated lifestyle. Sitting directly on the floor quickly causes pain in the legs and is uncomfortable, so people tend to want to sit, sleep, and spend time on tatami mats. Floor coverings include products made with brushed fabric, carpets with flooring or insoles, and individual mats with tatami mat coverings (such as woven rush grass), but at times, people want to use various tatami-style floor coverings so that they can sit or lie down in the appropriate places.

Tatami mats have been used in Japan since ancient times as a flooring material, and even in recent years, they are widely used in Japanese-style architecture, including homes, as well as in martial arts halls and gymnasiums suitable for judo and aikido. Tatami floors are also widely used in ordinary homes, and for the safety of young children, the elderly, and physically disabled people living in the home, tatami rooms with excellent cushioning and shock absorption are desired. Performance requirements for tatami mats used indoors include moisture absorption and desorption, sound absorption, thermal conductivity, shock absorption, rigidity, flexibility, and durability. However, when used in sports such as judo, it is important to achieve both sufficient rigidity to prevent feet from sinking even when a heavy load is applied, and sufficient shock absorption to fully absorb the impact of throwing techniques and other attacks on the tatami mat (see Patent Document 1).

A particularly damp-resistant tatami mat allows for a cushioning material to be laminated on top of the tatami floor in a simple manner, and has a sturdy overall structure while being able to adequately disperse impacts. This tatami mat is formed by adhering a cushioning material made of cross-linked polyethylene to the top of the tatami floor, and then adhering a tatami facing made of vinyl chloride to the top of the cushioning material. By using cross-linked polyethylene for the cushioning material, softness can be ensured, and by making the cushioning material approximately 5 mm thick, sinking can be prevented. It has been proposed that the adhesion can be achieved by applying an adhesive by spraying (see Patent Document 2).

It has been reported that tatami mats and judo mats can be made easier to maintain, more durable, and have a smaller environmental impact when disposed of. The tatami mats contain an olefin-based elastomer having crystalline polypropylene and a non-crystalline propylene-ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, and that the tatami mats contain an olefin-based elastomer having crystalline polypropylene and a non-crystalline propylene-ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (see Patent Document 3).

Another example of a tatami mat with excellent shock absorption, breathability, and thermal conductivity is a shock-absorbing tatami mat that has a tatami floor and a tatami facing that covers the surface of the tatami floor, the tatami floor has an elastic cushion layer, and multiple through-holes are formed through the front and back surfaces. Elastically deformable protective pipes are attached to the inner periphery of the through-holes, and a hollow drill is used to drill the through-holes, allowing for stable drilling of holes continuously (see Patent Document 4).

Furthermore, it has been proposed that flexible tatami mats have an intermediate layer made of elastic foam that enhances shock absorption while maintaining appropriate flexibility and hardness (not being too soft), characterized in that voids are formed on at least one of the contact surfaces between the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate layer and the adjacent layer in the laminated structure that makes up the tatami mat, and that the area void ratio of the voids is 10% to 50% of the entire contact surface between the upper and lower surfaces of the intermediate layer (see Patent Document 5).

Tatami mats are designed to enhance safety and comfort for young children, the elderly, and physically disabled, as well as for sports. They have a cushioned middle layer, and the goal is to enhance cushioning between the upper and lower layers of the middle layer. In particular, falls can cause significant impact, so a structure that can absorb this impact and has excellent strength is required. Athletes and others feel pain, so a certain degree of softness and flexibility is required. There are not many tatami mats that can absorb shock using special expanded polypropylene foam, which aims to solve these problems.

JP 2013-124489 A Utility Model Registration No. 3170957 JP 2016-69816 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-115562 JP 2013-124489 A

In typical homes, childcare centers, nurseries, and even elderly care facilities, people often gather on wooden floors, often sitting on chairs, rather than in tatami rooms. When people sit, talk, play, or play games in these facilities, conventional tatami mats laid on wooden floors pose the following challenges: Conventional tatami mats are heavy when laid over a large area, making them difficult to transport once laid. Replacing tatami mats on wooden floors or replacing them with carpeting makes it difficult to rearrange the room. Furthermore, no matter how many tatami mats with tatami mats are connected together, they end up looking unattractive and merely serving as a tatami substitute. It has been particularly difficult to transport small, lightweight sets and lay them in various locations. Therefore, there is a demand for compact, lightweight, and portable tatami mats that can be laid over a reasonably large area.

From the above perspective, tatami floors have been disclosed that increase safety and comfort when young children, the elderly, or physically disabled people are active indoors, and when used for sports such as judo, they have an intermediate layer made of elastic foam, and a layer with enhanced cushioning is formed between the upper or lower surface of the intermediate layer and the adjacent layer, thereby reducing the force of impact. However, these structures are not effective enough.
In particular, when young children, the elderly, or the physically disabled fall in a small house, their bodies receive a great shock, so to prevent this, tatami surfaces with a structure that can absorb this shock and provide high cushioning are required. Also, in sports such as judo, if the tatami surface is hard, athletes will feel pain and break bones when performing a fall. Therefore, a certain degree of softness is necessary for tatami flooring, but if it is too soft, the surface will sink in further, causing the athletes to be more susceptible to sprains.

Furthermore, standard judo tatami mats are typically manufactured by layering and sewing together the various components that make up the mat. Regular tatami facings are used for the surface of judo tatami mats, but if the facings are covered with thin vinyl chloride sheets, deformation occurs at the corners and edges of the judo tatami mat when the facings are sewn together. Furthermore, the corners and edges are prone to wear and tear due to movement. Therefore, if these are repaired and the mats are repeatedly sewn together, these areas become even more prone to sinking.
To solve this problem, stiff reinforcement materials are placed at the corners, but if this stiff reinforcement material breaks upon impact, it can cause serious injury. Also, some tatami mats have been laminated with adhesive on the surface, but these require a large amount of pressure to press and fix the mat during the adhesive process, which requires large-scale press machines. Furthermore, pre-processing is required to form the adhesive layer, making it difficult to laminate the mats with simple operations.

This invention was made in consideration of these circumstances, and its objective is to provide a judo tatami mat with a tatami floor that allows the cushioning material layered above the tatami floor to be easily glued, has a strong overall structure, and is capable of adequately dispersing impacts. Impact-absorbing tatami mats are less likely to deform when a load is applied to the middle layer, making it difficult to adequately absorb impacts. Furthermore, moisture tends to accumulate on the underside of impact-absorbing tatami mats, making them prone to mold and mildew. When used in an environment with floor heating, as in a typical home, mold is more likely to form due to the floor heating, and the warm air generated by the floor heating is not adequately transmitted to the surface of the tatami mat. Therefore, another challenge is to provide a tatami mat with excellent impact absorption, breathability, and thermal conductivity.

For this reason, tatami mats generally need to be wiped off before use, making the maintenance of cushioned tatami mats relatively low. Furthermore, tatami mats treated with resin components lose their flexibility due to the elution of plasticizers, resulting in insufficient durability.
The present invention was made to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a shock-absorbing tatami mat that is easy to maintain, has improved durability in terms of insulation, and reduces the environmental impact when it is disposed of.

To increase the cushioning and safety of lightweight, thin tatami flooring as a measure against injuries during activities in a room with a wooden floor, the lower layer of the upper tatami surface is made of a 5-10 mm thick bead-method expanded polypropylene foam plate with a shock-absorbing effect as the first cushioning material, and a 2-10 mm thick expanded polystyrene foam plate with heat insulation and elasticity as the second cushioning material, with a stable fixing layer of sandwiched polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers as a shape-retaining material to prevent warping and provide high elasticity.This is a shock-absorbing, thin, simple tatami mat with a cushioning effect, with a thickness of 20 mm or less, in the range of 15-20 mm.

This tatami mat has excellent cushioning properties to reduce shock, and is also lightweight and highly insulating. The lower layer of the surface tatami mat is a surface sheet with load dispersion properties, a disk-shaped body made by pressure-molding spherical expanded polypropylene particles with a diameter of 2 to 8 mm into a 5 to 10 mm thick disk-shaped material, and is made of a cushion I layer of bead-method expanded polypropylene that has shock absorption properties and accounts for 20% or more of the layer ratio of the tatami floor, a stabilizing layer of reinforced polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers to prevent warping, a cushion layer II of expanded polystyrene foam with insulating properties and elasticity, and finally a laminate consisting of a protective sheet of polyolefin fiber cloth that promotes the retention of tatami properties. The surface of the laminate is sewn with continuous thread in the vertical direction at intervals of 50 to 100 mm and a width of 30 to 80 mm to form a seven-layer laminate, and the tatami mat surface is wrapped around the top surface of the laminate as the surface layer.

The tatami floor is mainly composed of, above the backing material of the tatami surface, a first bead method expanded polypropylene foam board layer, a sandwich-shaped glass fiber-attached polystyrene resin layer, and a third expanded polystyrene foam board layer, with each layer being sewn together to form a seven-layer laminate, with a thickness of 15 to 20 mm, a length of 300 to 1000 mm, and a width of 300 to 1000 mm.The tatami floor is mainly composed of an impact-resistant expanded polypropylene foam board layer and a shape-retaining sandwich-shaped glass fiber-attached polystyrene resin layer, and each tatami-shaped piece weighs 3 kg or less, making it suitable for use in residential floors for infants and the elderly, and in nursing homes.

The laminate is made of a 15-30mm thick tatami mat consisting of a tatami surface to be used in a flooring room, a cushion I layer of foamed polypropylene using the bead method, a stabilizing layer of reinforced polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers, a cushion II layer of foamed polystyrene foam with heat insulation and elasticity, and finally a protective sheet of polyolefin fiber cloth to promote the maintenance of tatami properties. The laminate is made of a thin, stable fixing layer of polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers, and is composed of 4-16 square tatami mats (including rectangular tatami mats) with dimensions of 300-1000mm in length and width and rectangular tatami mats with widths of 150-500mm, which is half the width of the square tatami mats, each weighing 1-3kg. The square tatami mats or rectangular tatami mats are suitably arranged to form a square or rectangular flooring tatami mat. A non-slip surface is attached to the nonwoven fabric on the back of each tatami mat to immobilize the flooring. The entire set of 4-16 tatami mats is laid on the flooring to form a floor area of 0.5-10m. The area is ² and the weight of the entire set is less than 30 kg.

In childcare facilities, nurseries, and even welfare facilities for the elderly, there are no tatami rooms and people can gather on wooden floors using chairs to sit, talk, play, or play games. Conventional tatami mats laid on wooden floors have the following problems: Normal tatami mats are light in weight per sheet when laid out over a wide area, and once laid out, they are portable and easy to move. Tatami mats can be easily removed from wooden floors and rearranged, and they look good and change the atmosphere of the room. They are particularly small and lightweight, making them portable and easy to lay in various desired locations. They are small and can be laid out over a certain area.

By forming a tatami mat with an intermediate layer made of elastic foam and a layer of bead-method expanded polypropylene foam board material with enhanced cushioning between the upper and lower adjacent layers of the intermediate layer, the tatami floor increases safety and comfort for young children, the elderly, and physically disabled when they are active indoors, and also reduces impact forces when used in sports such as judo. In particular, young children, the elderly, and physically disabled are less likely to suffer severe physical impact when they fall in a small space. Furthermore, the tatami surface has a structure that absorbs shock and provides enhanced cushioning in the event of a fall. In particular, in sports such as judo, the hard surface of the tatami reduces pain and fractures suffered by athletes when performing a fall.

According to this invention, the cushioning material made of foamed polypropylene foam using the bead method is layered from above the tatami mat bed in an appropriate area on the top surface, and can be sewn together with the stabilizer in a simple manner, making it possible to form a stable laminate of five layers of material without using large-scale crimping machines. By stitching the core material between the front and back with sewing thread, tatami mats can be manufactured efficiently and in a short time. Furthermore, the tatami mat has a lightweight, insulating, and sturdy structure overall, yet is also able to disperse impacts sufficiently, allowing air to circulate between the top and bottom surfaces of the tatami, effectively evacuating moisture from the underside. Furthermore, when an impact is applied, the peripheral parts deform due to the rigidity, providing the effect of absorbing large impacts.

A perspective view and structural diagram of the impact-absorbing, thin, simple tatami mat of the present invention. A: A perspective view of the entire tatami mat. B: A diagram showing the structure of the tatami mat. A cross-sectional view showing the structure and composition of the impact-absorbing thin, simple tatami mat laminate of the present invention. A: Impact-absorbing tatami mat composition cross-section (enlarged) B: Back surface diagram Structural diagram of the foamed polypropylene made by the bead method in the shock-absorbing tatami mat of this invention This is a diagram showing the state of the impact-absorbing thin, simple tatami mat of the present invention when used as a floor mat in a children's room. The diagram shows the apparatus used to measure the warpage and impact absorption of the impact-absorbing thin, simple tatami mat of the present invention. A: Apparatus for measuring impact absorption (impact force) B: Apparatus for measuring warpage 5A and 5B are schematic diagrams of the samples (the impact-absorbing thin, simple tatami sample of the present invention and the regular sample) without the tatami surface. A: Impact-absorbing thin, simple tatami sample B: Regular sample

To clarify the implementation of this invention, the following description will be given with reference to Figures 1 to 5. As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the shock-absorbing tatami mat is a five-layer laminate consisting primarily of a first bead-method expanded polypropylene foam board layer, a second insulation board layer or a sandwich-type glass fiber-reinforced polystyrene resin layer, and a third expanded polystyrene foam board layer, all of which are stitched together. The first bead-method expanded polypropylene foam board layer, in particular, exhibits a high shock-absorbing effect, as demonstrated by the following examples.

As shown in Figure 1B, to enhance the cushioning properties of the tatami floor, the lower layer of the upper tatami surface consisted of a 7 mm thick sheet of foamed polypropylene foam manufactured using the bead method, which had a shock-absorbing effect as the first cushioning material, and a 5 mm thick sheet of foamed polystyrene foam, which had insulating properties and elasticity as the second cushioning material, with a 6 mm thick stabilizing layer of polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers in the middle. This thin, 21 mm thick shock-absorbing tatami mat was used.

To produce a tatami mat that provides excellent cushioning to absorb shock, yet is lightweight and highly insulating, the top layer of the tatami mat is made up of, in order, a 1 mm thick nonwoven fabric surface sheet with load dispersion properties, a cushion I layer of bead-method expanded polypropylene with shock-absorbing properties, a stabilizing layer of reinforced polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers, a cushion II layer of expanded polystyrene foam with shape retention, insulating properties, and elasticity, and finally a protective sheet of polyolefin fiber fabric that promotes the maintenance of tatami properties. This laminate is then sewn together with 2 mm diameter sewing thread at equal intervals of 70 mm lengthwise and widthwise as shown in Figure 2B to form a five-layer laminate, and a 3 mm thick tatami mat surface is wrapped around the top surface of the laminate to form the tatami mat shown in Figure 2A.

The tatami floor was mainly composed of a first expanded polypropylene foam board layer, a second sandwich-shaped glass fiber-reinforced polystyrene resin layer, and a third expanded polystyrene foam board layer, in that order above the backing material of the tatami surface, with each layer being stitched together to form a five-layer laminate, with a thickness of 20 mm, a length of 900 mm, and a width of 900 mm, and each tatami-shaped body weighing 1.9 kg. The bead-method expanded polypropylene foam board, a highly shock-absorbing material, was made using expanded polypropylene with spherical particles of 3 to 6 mm in diameter, as shown in Figure 3, and was a compression-molded product to a thickness of 7 mm.

To clarify the effects of the bead-method expanded polypropylene foam board and the sandwiched glass fiber-coated polystyrene resin layer, the basic impact-absorbing material (bead-method expanded polypropylene foam board as the first cushioning material and the polystyrene resin layer sandwiched between the expanded polystyrene foam board and glass fiber as the second cushioning material) of the impact-absorbing, thin, simple tatami mat of the present invention was used for comparison with a commonly used insulation board layer of the same layer thickness to measure the amount of impact absorption, i.e., impact force. The method used was to drop a 10 kg, 40 mm diameter weight from a height of 10 cm, and measure the impact force from the rebound deceleration. The measurement apparatus was as shown in Figure 5-A, and the results are shown in Table 1.
As shown in Table 1, it was revealed that the shock absorption of a normal thin tatami mat was improved by more than 23%. Also, the tatami mat's deflection was improved by about 13%.
*A 10 kg, 40 mm diameter weight is dropped from a height of 10 cm, and the impact force is calculated from the rebound deceleration. N = G * mass * 9.8 G: Measured deceleration

The amount of deflection was measured using a weight application device shown in FIG. 5-B.
As a bead-method expanded polypropylene foam board with shock-absorbing properties, the tatami mat shown in Figure 3 is made by pressurizing expanded polypropylene with spherical particles of 2 to 8 mm in diameter into a plate-shaped material 5 to 10 mm thick, with a width of 900 mm and a length of 900 mm.The amount of deflection is improved by a stabilizing layer of polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers.
Compared to ordinary thin tatami mats, measurements were made to measure the effect of preventing warping under pressure and the rebound effect of steel and soft balls dropped on them. The use of these special materials significantly reduced warping, and also significantly improved the modulus of elasticity and impact absorption (impact force), resulting in improved performance. It was evaluated that the impact absorption and stabilization effects were greatly improved by the bead-method expanded polypropylene foam plate material of the first cushioning material of the present invention, and the expanded polystyrene foam plate material and glass fiber sandwiched polystyrene resin layer of the second cushioning material.

The amount of deflection was reduced by more than 15% due to the effect of the sandwiched glass fiber-coated polystyrene resin layer, and it was revealed that the impact absorption capacity was improved by more than 32% compared to that of a material that did not contain the polypropylene foam sheet material, due to the synergistic effect of the bead method -expanded polypropylene foam sheet material and the sandwiched glass fiber-coated polystyrene resin layer.
The impact-absorbing, thin, simple tatami mats, in which the bead-method expanded polypropylene foam boards and sandwich-type glass fiber-attached polystyrene resin layers account for over 50% of the tatami flooring, were laid in a set of nine impact-absorbing, thin, simple tatami mats in a children's room on the floor of a house, as shown in Figure 4. They were safe and effective for various child behaviors in this room, and were widely used.

As in Example 1, in order to enhance the cushioning and safety of the lightweight, thin tatami floor, the lower layer of the upper tatami surface consisted of an 8mm thick bead-method expanded polypropylene foam plate with shock-absorbing properties as the first cushioning material, and a 7mm thick expanded polystyrene foam plate with insulating properties and elasticity as the second cushioning material, with a 7mm thick stable fixing layer of sandwiched polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers as a shape-retaining material to prevent warping and provide high elasticity.This resulted in a 23mm thick cushioned, shock-absorbing, thin, simple tatami floor.

This tatami mat has excellent cushioning properties to reduce shock, and is also lightweight and highly insulating. The lower layer of the surface tatami mat is made of a surface sheet with load dispersion properties, a disk-shaped body made by pressure-molding expanded polypropylene made of spherical particles with a diameter of 5 to 8 mm into a disk-shaped material with a thickness of 5 to 10 mm, a cushion I layer of bead-method expanded polypropylene with shock absorption properties and accounting for 20% or more of the layer ratio of the tatami floor, a stabilizing layer of reinforced polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers to prevent warping, a cushion layer II of expanded polystyrene foam with insulating properties and elasticity, and finally a laminate consisting of a protective sheet of polyolefin fiber cloth to promote the maintenance of tatami properties. The entire surface of the laminate is continuously sewn with 2 mm φ linen sewing thread at 60 mm intervals in the vertical direction to form an integrated laminate without adhesive, and the tatami mat surface is then wrapped around the top surface of the laminate as the surface layer.

The tatami mat was mainly composed of a first bead-method expanded polypropylene foam board layer, a sandwich-type glass fiber-attached polystyrene resin layer, and a third expanded polystyrene foam board layer, arranged in that order above the backing material of the tatami surface, with each layer being sewn together to form a seven-layer laminate, measuring 23 mm thick, 800 mm long, and 800 mm wide. Each tatami mat, consisting mainly of the impact-resistant expanded polypropylene foam board layer and the shape-retaining sandwich-type glass fiber-attached polystyrene resin layer, weighed 1.8 kg, making it suitable for use as a tatami mat for elderly people and caregivers on residential floors. Similar performance to that of the Examples was also obtained.

The shock-absorbing, thin, simple tatami mat, manufactured using the same product and manufacturing method as in Example 1, was made up of a 20mm thick laminate consisting of a tatami surface used in rooms with flooring, a cushion layer I of bead-process expanded polypropylene, a stabilizing layer of reinforced polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers, a cushion layer II of expanded polystyrene foam with insulating properties and elasticity, and finally a protective sheet of polyolefin fiber cloth to help maintain the tatami's properties.The dimensions of the tatami mat were a square tatami mat with lengths and widths of 800mm, and a rectangular tatami mat with a width of 400mm and a length of 800mm, half the width of the square tatami mat, each weighing less than 1kg, and exhibiting performance similar to that of the Example.
A total of 12 square and rectangular tatami mats were arranged in an appropriate order to create a square flooring tatami mat, and a double-sided adhesive non-slip mat was attached to the back of each tatami mat to immobilize the flooring. The entire set of 12 tatami mats was laid on the flooring to cover an area of approximately 6 ^m2 , with the total weight of the set being 19 kg or less. This set was used in a nursing facility.

1. Shock-absorbing tatami mat 2. Tatami surface 3. Tatami floor 4. Cushion layer I
5. Cushion layer II
6 Protective sheet 7 Load distribution sheet 8 Stable fixing layer 9 Surface layer 10 Laminated body 11 Insulation board 12 Bead method expanded polypropylene foam 13 Impact absorbing layer 14 Expanded polystyrene 15 Expanded polypropylene particles 16 Polystyrene resin sandwiched with glass fiber 17 Continuous thread stitching 18 Polystyrene resin sandwiched with glass fiber 19 Tatami-like body with tatami facings wrapped around it 20 Floor 21 Wall 22 Measurement stand 23 Speed measuring device 24 Measurement stand 25 Falling weight frame 26 Tatami test piece 27 Pressure head 28 Pressure rod 29 Support rod 30 Measurement point (dial gauge)

Claims (4)

To increase the cushioning and safety of lightweight, thin tatami flooring as a measure against injuries caused by activities in a room with a wooden floor, the lower layer of the upper tatami surface is made of a 5-10mm thick bead-method expanded polypropylene foam plate with a shock-absorbing effect as the first cushioning material, and a 2-10mm thick expanded polystyrene foam plate with heat insulation and elasticity as the second cushioning material, with a stable fixing layer of sandwiched polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers as a shape-retaining material to prevent warping and provide high elasticity, resulting in a cushioned tatami flooring of 20mm or less in thickness. This tatami, which provides excellent cushioning and shock absorption, is lightweight and highly insulating. The tatami mat described in claim 1 has a surface layer below the tatami surface, which is a top layer made of a load-dispersing surface sheet; a disk-shaped body made of expanded polypropylene spherical particles 2 to 8 mm in diameter, pressure-molded into a 5 to 10 mm thick disk; a cushion layer I made of bead-method expanded polypropylene, which has shock-absorbing properties and accounts for 20% or more of the layer ratio of the tatami floor; a stabilizing layer of reinforced polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers to prevent warping; a cushion layer II made of expanded polystyrene foam, which has insulating properties and elasticity; and a final laminate made of a protective sheet of polyolefin fiber cloth to help maintain the tatami's characteristics. The surface of the laminate is sewn with continuous thread at 50 to 100 mm intervals in the vertical direction and 30 to 80 mm wide, to form a seven-layer laminate, and the tatami surface is then wrapped around the top surface of the laminate as the surface layer. The tatami floor is mainly composed of, above the backing material of the tatami surface, a first bead-method expanded polypropylene foam board layer, a sandwich-shaped glass fiber-attached polystyrene resin layer, and a third expanded polystyrene foam board layer, with each layer being sewn together to form a seven-layer laminate, with the dimensions of a tatami-shaped body 15 to 20 mm thick, 300 to 1000 mm long, and 300 to 1000 mm wide, and the weight of each tatami-shaped body made mainly of the impact-resistant expanded polypropylene foam board layer and the shape-retaining sandwich-shaped glass fiber-attached polystyrene resin layer is 3 kg or less, making it suitable for use in residential floors for infants and the elderly, and in nursing homes. The laminate is made of a 15-30mm thick tatami mat consisting of a tatami surface to be used in a flooring room, a cushion I layer of foamed polypropylene using the bead method, a stabilizing layer of reinforced polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers, a cushion II layer of foamed polystyrene foam with heat insulation and elasticity, and finally a protective sheet of polyolefin fiber cloth to promote the maintenance of tatami properties. The laminate is made of a thin, stable fixing layer of polystyrene resin sandwiched between glass fibers, and is composed of 4-16 square and rectangular tatami mats, each weighing 1-3 kg, with dimensions of 300-1000mm in length and width and 150-500mm in width, half the width of the square tatami mat. The square and rectangular tatami mats are appropriately arranged to form a square or rectangular flooring tatami mat. A non-slip surface is attached to the nonwoven fabric on the back of each tatami mat to immobilize the flooring. The entire set of 4-16 tatami mats is laid on the flooring to form a floor covering of 0.5-10m. 3. The shock-absorbing, thin, simple tatami mat according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the area of the tatami mat is ² and the weight of the entire set is 30 kg or less.