JP7718459B2 - demolition machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to demolition machinery used when demolishing buildings, etc.

When demolishing buildings made of reinforced concrete, etc., demolition machines such as giant breakers, which have chisels attached to the ends of their arms, are sometimes used. When demolition work is carried out using such demolition machines, a lot of noise is generated during the work. As a result, demolition machines with a configuration that can reduce noise have been developed (see, for example, Patent Document 1). The giant breaker described in Patent Document 1 is equipped with a supply unit that supplies foam above the chisel attached to the end of the arm to reduce noise. When demolition is carried out using the chisel, the foam covers the chisel to reduce noise.

JP 2018-105044 A

However, if the foam covering the fleas is uneven, it is difficult to consistently reduce noise.

A demolition machine that solves the above problem includes a foam discharge unit that supplies foam around the chisel of the breaker attachment, a drive unit that moves the chisel back and forth in the axial direction, a foaming cylinder that is located behind the drive unit and generates foam to be supplied to the chisel using a solution, and a foam supply hose that is connected to the foaming cylinder and supplies the foam generated in the foaming cylinder to the foam discharge unit, the foam supply hose being located behind the drive unit and supplying foam from the foam supply hose to the foam discharge unit from the rear.

This invention makes it possible to consistently reduce noise generated during demolition work.

1 is an overall perspective view illustrating a dismantling machine according to an embodiment; FIG. 2 is a side view of a breaker attachment provided at the tip of an arm of a demolition machine in an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the attachment in the embodiment, seen from the chisel side. FIG. 4 is a side view of the main part of the attachment as seen from the rear side in the embodiment. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between a foaming cylinder and piping of a main part of the attachment in the embodiment. 10A and 10B are explanatory diagrams illustrating the dismantling operation of the dismantling machine when the arm is extended and the chisel is positioned at an angle in the embodiment. 10A and 10B are explanatory diagrams illustrating the dismantling operation of the dismantling machine when the arm is retracted and the chisel is positioned vertically in the embodiment. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the tip of a chisel partially covered with foam in an embodiment. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the tip of a chisel completely covered with foam in an embodiment.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of a dismantling machine will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9. FIG.
As shown in Figure 1, a giant breaker (impact-type crushing device) 10 serving as a demolition machine in this embodiment includes a base machine 11 and a breaker attachment 20. Specifically, the base machine 11 includes a lower traveling body including crawlers 12, and an upper rotating body including an operation room 13 and a boom 14. An arm 15 that rotates in a vertical plane around the tip of the boom 14 is attached to the tip of the boom 14. The breaker attachment 20 is attached to the tip of the arm 15. The operation room 13 is located behind the breaker attachment 20.

As shown in Figure 2, the breaker attachment 20 has a hydraulic drive unit 21 located on the front side, a chisel 25, and a bracket that holds them. The chisel 25 is a rod-shaped member with a pointed, approximately conical tip. The hydraulic drive unit 21 has a rectangular cylindrical shape and is equipped with a drive mechanism that hydraulically moves the chisel 25 back and forth in the extension direction (axial direction). The tip of the chisel 25 protrudes from the hydraulic drive unit 21.

The hydraulic drive unit 21 is attached to the tip of the arm 15 via a side bracket 22. The side bracket 22 is a roughly triangular plate-like member that secures and supports the hydraulic drive unit 21 by sandwiching the opposing sides of the hydraulic drive unit 21. The two side brackets 22 are connected via a connecting portion 23 formed approximately in the center. The connecting portion 23 connects the two side brackets 22 approximately in the center, maintaining a distance between the two side brackets 22 that allows them to be attached to the tip of the arm 15.

As shown in Figure 3, the breaker attachment 20 is provided with a bracket cover 24 that covers the rear sides of the two side brackets 22. Furthermore, the bracket cover 24 is provided with a hole 24h.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, a ring-shaped foam discharge section 26 is provided on the underside of the hydraulic drive section 21. This foam discharge section 26 is configured so that the upper end of the chisel 25 fits loosely into the central through-hole.

As shown in Figure 2, a foam path 26s is provided inside the foam discharge unit 26. This foam path 26s has multiple openings around the through-hole. Foam is discharged from these openings into the space between the foam discharge unit 26 and the chisel 25. The foam path 26s of the foam discharge unit 26 communicates with an L-shaped tube 27 provided on the rear side. The L-shaped tube 27 is covered by a metallic rectangular parallelepiped cover 28. The other end of the L-shaped tube 27 is connected to the foam supply hose 37, which will be described later.

As shown in Figure 4, the cylindrical foaming cylinder 30 and the integrated mixing chamber forming member 31 are fixed to the connecting portion 23 that connects the side brackets 22 using fixing members such as cable ties along the longitudinal direction of the connecting portion 23.

The foaming cylinder 30 and mixing chamber forming member 31 are fixed to the connecting portion 23 and are therefore attached to the breaker attachment 20 so that they extend in a direction approximately perpendicular to the surface of the side bracket 22 of the breaker attachment 20. Here, the surface of the side bracket 22 refers to the surface included in the side bracket of the plate-shaped member, and is not limited to a vertical surface, but also includes a surface that is slightly inclined (for example, about 15 degrees) relative to the vertical. Furthermore, a direction approximately perpendicular to the surface of the side bracket 22 refers to a direction within a range in which the conditions (speed and angle) of the flow of solution into the mixing chamber forming member 31 and the flow of foam from the foaming cylinder 30 do not change significantly, so that the generation and outflow of foam can be considered to be approximately the same.

As shown in Figure 5, the mixing chamber forming member 31, located upstream of the foaming cylinder 30, has a solution supply port 31a provided upstream in the direction of the central axis C1 of the foaming cylinder 30 and the mixing chamber forming member 31.

A solution supply hose 33 is connected to the solution supply port 31a via an L-shaped pipe 32. The solution supply hose 33 is connected to a solution tank (not shown) in which the bubble solution is stored.
In this embodiment, the foam solution is a foaming agent that is primarily based on an anionic surfactant and can generate bubbles by foaming. Examples of anionic surfactants that can be used include sulfonates such as α-olefin sulfonates, α-sulfonic fatty acid methyl ester salts, and alkanesulfonates, sulfates such as alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates, and carboxylates such as fatty acid salts and alkyl ether carboxylates.

Meanwhile, an air supply hose 34 is connected downstream of the mixing chamber forming member 31, and compressed air is supplied by a compressor. A pressure relief valve 35 is provided near the connection point 31b of this air supply hose 34. The pressure relief valve 35 opens when the air pressure in the air supply hose 34 exceeds a predetermined pressure, releasing the pressure in the air supply hose 34 to the outside.

The foaming cylinder 30 is a member that generates bubbles inside, and is constructed by filling a circular tube with steel wool, which is a porous material.
The discharge port 30a of the foaming cylinder 30 is provided on the downstream side in the direction of the central axis C1 of the foaming cylinder 30. In this embodiment, the discharge port 30a of the foaming cylinder 30, the mixing chamber forming member 31, and the solution supply port 31a are arranged on a straight line with the central axis C1.
A foam supply hose 37 is connected to the discharge port 30 a via an L-shaped pipe 36 .

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the foam supply hose 37 is connected to the L-shaped tube 27 inside the cover 28 through the hole 24h in the bracket cover 24. The outer periphery of the foam supply hose 37 exposed from the side bracket 22 is covered with a cushion member 38.

Next, the dismantling work of the giant breaker 10 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The giant breaker 10 is placed near the object to be demolished, with the tip of the chisel 25 positioned above the object to be demolished, such as reinforced concrete.

In this case, as shown in Figure 6, if the object to be dismantled is far from the giant breaker 10, the boom 14 and arm 15 are operated to extend. Also, if the dismantling surface of the object to be dismantled 50 is inclined, the boom 14 and arm 15 are operated so that the chisel 25 is positioned approximately perpendicular to the dismantling surface.

Also, as shown in Figure 7, when the object to be dismantled 50 is close to the giant breaker 10, the boom 14 and arm 15 are operated to retract. Furthermore, when the dismantling surface of the object to be dismantled 50 is horizontal, the boom 14 and arm 15 are operated so that the chisel 25 is positioned approximately vertically on this horizontal surface.

Then, the solution is supplied from the foam solution tank to the foaming cylinder 30 via the solution supply hose 33 and the mixing chamber forming member 31. Furthermore, the compressor is operated to supply compressed air to the mixing chamber forming member 31 via the air supply hose 34. As a result, the solution mixed in the mixing chamber forming member 31 and the compressed air are supplied to the foaming cylinder 30, generating foam in the foaming cylinder 30. The foam generated in the foaming cylinder 30 is then supplied to the foam discharge section 26 via the foam supply hose 37 and the L-shaped tube 27, and is then supplied to the outer periphery of the chisel 25 via the foam path 26s of the foam discharge section 26.

In this case, as shown in FIG. 8, the supplied foam flows down from the upper end of the chisel 25 along the outer peripheral surface of the chisel 25 to the lower end, forming a foam-like body fa1, which covers the chisel 25 from above.
9, when foam is continuously supplied, the entire outer periphery of the chisel 25 is covered with foam-like material fa1. In this embodiment, the foam is released so that the surface of the chisel 25 is covered with a foam thickness of approximately 40 mm from the surface of the chisel 25. When the hydraulic drive device is driven in this state, the chisel 25 supported by the hydraulic drive unit 21 moves back and forth in the vertical direction at a predetermined speed, thereby crushing the surface of the dismantling object 50.

(effect)
The foaming cylinder 30 is attached to the connecting portion 23 of the breaker attachment 20 along the longitudinal direction. The foaming cylinder 30, the discharge port 30a, the mixing chamber forming member 31, and the solution supply port 31a are provided on the central axis C1. This allows the foaming cylinder 30 to be positioned in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the side bracket 22.

As shown in Figures 6 and 7, even if the breaker attachment 20 tilts, the foaming cylinder 30, discharge port 30a, mixing chamber forming member 31, and solution supply port 31a can be maintained at a predetermined angle relative to the ground.

According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) In this embodiment, the foaming cylinder 30 is attached so as to extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the surface of the side bracket 22. As a result, the positional relationship and angle of the foaming cylinder 30 with respect to the ground do not change even when the boom 14, arm 15, and breaker attachment 20 of the giant breaker 10 are moved, so the conditions for generating foam in the foaming cylinder 30 and the conditions for foam outflow from the foaming cylinder 30 can be kept almost constant, allowing for stable foam generation. Therefore, the foam-like material fa1 can be evenly wrapped around the outer periphery of the chisel 25, thereby stably reducing noise.

(2) In this embodiment, the foaming cylinder 30, the discharge port 30a, the mixing chamber forming member 31, and the solution supply port 31a are arranged on the central axis C1 of the foaming cylinder 30. As a result, regardless of the inclination of the boom 14, the arm 15, and the breaker attachment 20, the liquid can be supplied to the foaming cylinder 30 under almost the same conditions at all times, so that foam can be stably generated and supplied to the foam release section 26.
(3) In this embodiment, the foam cylinder 30 is attached to the connecting portion 23 so as to be aligned with the connecting portion 23. Therefore, the foam cylinder 30 can be efficiently positioned so as to extend in a direction approximately perpendicular to the surface of the side bracket 22.

(4) In this embodiment, the foaming cylinder 30 and mixing chamber forming member 31 are positioned between the two side brackets 22, allowing them to be protected by the side brackets 22. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the discharge port 30a of the foaming cylinder 30 is connected to the foam supply hose 37 via an L-shaped pipe 36. As a result, even if the foam supply hose 37 is pulled out at a right angle to the foaming cylinder 30 positioned in the narrow space between the two side brackets 22, foam can be smoothly supplied to the foam release section 26 without blocking the flow path through which the foam flows.

(5) In this embodiment, a pressure relief valve 35 is provided in the air supply hose 34 near the connection portion 31b provided upstream of the foaming cylinder 30, thereby preventing the air pressure in the air supply hose 34 from exceeding a predetermined pressure.

(6) In this embodiment, the L-shaped pipe 27 provided in the foam discharge section 26 is covered with a metal rectangular parallelepiped cover 28. In addition, the portion of the foam supply hose 37 exposed from the side bracket 22 is covered with a cushion member 38. This protects the foam supply portion exposed from the bracket of the breaker attachment 20, thereby reducing damage even if the dismantling object 50 is scattered and hits something.

This embodiment can be modified as follows: This embodiment and the following modifications can be combined and implemented within the scope of technical compatibility.
In the above embodiment, the foaming cylinder 30 is configured by filling steel wool inside a circular tube. However, the configuration of the foaming cylinder 30 is not limited to this. For example, the foaming cylinder may be configured by filling a sponge, beads, or the like, or may be configured as a tube with a square cross section.

- In the above embodiment, the foam cylinder 30 is fixed to the connecting portion 23 of the breaker attachment 20. The position where the foam cylinder 30 is attached in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the side bracket 22 is not limited to the connecting portion 23. For example, it may be fixed to the boom 14 or arm 15.

- In the above embodiment, a breaker attachment 20 was used that had a bracket equipped with two side brackets 22, a connecting portion 23, and a bracket cover 24. The configuration and shape of the breaker attachment are not limited to this. For example, a breaker attachment that does not have a bracket cover may also be used.

- In the above embodiment, the breaker attachment 20 is equipped with a chisel 25 having a pointed tip in an approximately conical shape. The chisel provided on the breaker attachment 20 is not limited to a chisel having a pointed tip in an approximately conical shape, and may have any other shape that is suitable for demolition, such as a chisel in an approximately spatula shape.

- In the above embodiment, a breaker that crushes materials by striking them was used as the crushing tool. Even in demolition machines (construction machines) equipped with other crushing tools (dismantling tools), demolition work may be performed with the noise generating source covered with the foam material fa1.

- In the above embodiment, reinforced concrete was used as the object to be demolition 50. The object to be demolition 50 is not limited to reinforced concrete and may be made of other materials, such as a steel frame structure.

Next, the technical ideas that can be understood from the above-described embodiment and other examples will be described below.
(a) a supply port for the solution and a discharge port for discharging the foam are arranged at positions opposite to each other in the longitudinal direction of the foaming cylinder;
3. The demolition machine according to claim 1, wherein an air supply port for supplying air to the solution is provided upstream of the foaming cylinder.

C1...central axis, fa1...foam body, 10...giant breaker, 11...base machine, 12...crawler, 13...operation room, 14...boom, 15...arm, 20...breaker attachment, 21...hydraulic drive unit, 22...side bracket, 23...connection part, 24...bracket cover, 24h...hole, 25...chisel, 26...foam discharge part, 26s...foam path, 27, 32, 36...L-shaped pipe, 28...cover, 30...foam cylinder, 30a...discharge port, 31...mixing chamber forming member, 31a...solution supply port, 31b...connection part, 33...solution supply hose, 34...air supply hose, 35...pressure relief valve, 37...foam supply hose, 38...cushion member, 50...object to be dismantled.

Claims (3)

a foam discharge section that supplies foam around the chisel of the breaker attachment;
a drive unit that reciprocates the chisel in the axial direction;
A foaming cylinder disposed behind the drive unit for generating foam to be supplied to the flea using a solution;
a foam supply hose connected to the foaming cylinder and supplying foam generated in the foaming cylinder to the foam discharge section ;
two spaced apart side brackets covering both sides of the drive unit;
a bracket cover provided on the rear side between the side brackets and having a hole formed therein ;
The foaming cylinder is disposed between the side brackets and above the bracket cover,
the foam supply hose is disposed behind the drive unit, exposed through a hole in the bracket cover, and connected to the foam discharge unit;
A demolition machine characterized in that foam is supplied from the foam supply hose to the foam discharge section from the rear side. 2. The demolition machine according to claim 1 , wherein an outer periphery of the foam supply hose exposed from the side bracket is covered with a cushion member. A demolition machine as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the solution supply hose that supplies the solution extends from the rear side of the foaming cylinder and connects to the foaming cylinder.