JP7719656B2 - Lifting device - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to a belt conveyor used to transport materials, such as sending debris generated by tunnel excavation toward the tunnel entrance, and more specifically to an elevator device that can raise and lower the belt conveyor.

It is said that roughly two-thirds of Japan's land area is mountainous, and as a result, roads, railways, etc. (hereinafter referred to as "roads, etc.") almost always have sections that pass through mountainous areas. To build roads, etc. in mountainous areas, it is common to use either the cut-and-soil method, which excavates part of the slope, or the tunneling method, which hollows out the interior of the natural ground. While the tunneling method tends to have a higher construction cost (construction cost per length of road, etc.) than the cut-and-soil method, it also tends to require less excavated soil (i.e., less soil removal) and has the advantage of allowing greater freedom in linear planning of roads, etc. (for example, the ability to take shortcuts). It is said that more than 10,000 tunnels have been constructed in Japan to date.

Until the 1970s, the "sheet pile method," which combined steel arch supports with wooden sheet piles to support the ground, was the mainstream construction method for mountain tunnels. However, the New Australian Tunneling Method (NATM), which actively utilizes the strength of the ground, has now become the mainstream. NATM's main feature is its design philosophy, which relies on the strength of the ground (arch effect). This allows the scale of tunnel supports to be smaller than with the traditional sheet pile method, and also allows for faster construction, thereby reducing construction costs.

Furthermore, since the full-scale implementation of NATM in Japan, excavation technology has advanced dramatically, and the development of various auxiliary construction methods has made it possible to handle a variety of natural ground conditions. Furthermore, advances in excavation machinery (particularly free-section excavators) have made it possible to choose mechanical excavation in addition to blasting excavation. Mechanical excavation is generally adopted for natural ground with relatively low strength (for example, uniaxial compressive strength of 49 N/ ^mm2 or less), although this depends on the excavation cross-sectional area and line shape. On the other hand, blasting excavation is often adopted when bedrock is present in the target natural ground.

In addition, there are several methods for transporting the rock fragments (rock broken into smaller pieces by blasting) and soil and sand (hereinafter collectively referred to as "waste") generated by blasting excavation out of the mine, including the "tire type," in which the waste is transported by loading it onto a dump truck or similar vehicle; the "rail type," in which the waste is transported using rails laid inside the mine; and the "belt conveyor type," in which the waste is transported using a continuous belt conveyor system also installed inside the mine.

Of these, belt conveyor waste transport requires the installation of equipment roughly equal to the entire length of the tunnel (excavation length), but because it does not use fossil fuels like dump trucks, it does not have a negative impact on the environment (especially the underground environment), and is more economically advantageous than other methods when the excavation length is long. For this reason, belt conveyor waste transport tends to be used in relatively long tunnels such as those for bullet trains (for example, the Linear Chuo Shinkansen) and expressways.

A continuous belt conveyor system typically consists of a belt conveyor, a mobile crusher, a tailpiece cart, a belt storage device, a main drive device, etc. This belt conveyor is an endless belt that circulates between the head pulley on the minehead side and the tail pulley on the tailpiece cart; in other words, the head pulley and tail pulley function as the reversing parts of the endless belt. More specifically, at the head pulley on the minehead side, the endless belt moves from the top to the bottom and reverses its direction from moving toward the minehead to moving toward the face, and at the tail pulley on the face side, the endless belt moves from the bottom to the top and reverses its direction from moving toward the face to moving toward the minehead. In this way, the waste placed on the top surface of the endless belt is transported close to the minehead.

Blasting only breaks up the rock into relatively large chunks, which cannot be transported in this state by a belt conveyor. Therefore, a mobile crusher further crushes the rock blocks produced by blasting. The rock (waste) crushed by the mobile crusher is then fed into the tailpiece cart's waste feed section (feed hopper), and then loaded onto a belt conveyor for transport towards the mine entrance. The tailpiece cart is equipped with self-propelled means such as crawlers and tires, and can move (advance) as the face advances. As the tailpiece cart moves forward, it pulls the belt conveyor, and as it does so, it sequentially pays out the belts stored in the belt storage device, extending the belt conveyor.

A variety of construction machinery and vehicles travel through the tunnel during excavation, including agitator trucks, concrete sprayers, trucks transporting rock bolts and steel supports, and explosives trucks. In addition, ventilation pipes for ventilating the tunnel (especially near the tunnel face), lighting fixtures, drainage gutters, and other equipment are permanently installed along roughly the entire length of the tunnel during excavation, and in cases where a "belt conveyor system" is used, the belt conveyor itself is also permanently installed.

Meanwhile, when excavating a tunnel, care is taken not to loosen the ground more than necessary, and for economic reasons, care is taken not to pre-excavate more than planned (for example, beyond the pay line). Therefore, the space inside the tunnel (i.e., the internal cross-section) remains roughly constant, and usable space is extremely limited, unless there is a special reason, such as providing a turn-tail location (or a vehicle turning point). Furthermore, because air ducts and gutters are permanently installed, construction machinery and other equipment are forced to move within the relatively narrow remaining space. For this reason, when locating a conveyor belt, it is common to plan it so that the tunnel interior can be used effectively, with particular consideration given to not interfering with the movement of construction machinery and other equipment. In recent years, conveyor belts are often placed in the upper part of the internal cross-section (near the so-called shoulder).

Once tunnel excavation has progressed to a certain extent, secondary lining work is carried out in stages, starting from the tunnel entrance. This secondary lining work is broadly divided into waterproof sheeting work, in which waterproof sheets are laid on the tunnel walls, and concrete work, in which the actual concrete is poured. Once secondary lining work begins, mobile scaffolding carts (known as sheet carts) for laying the waterproof sheets and mobile formwork (i.e., centering carts) for use in the concrete work are permanently installed inside the tunnel. Naturally, the sheet carts are positioned closer to the tunnel face than the centering carts, and each time construction of a specified area (for example, a 10.5m section) is completed, they are moved toward the tunnel face.

Sections where center trucks or sheet trucks are located will naturally have a smaller internal cross-section than other excavation sections. If a belt conveyor were placed higher (around the shoulder) in such a section of reduced cross-section, it would be positioned closer to the center of the tunnel, which could interfere with the movement of construction machinery and other equipment. For this reason, it is common to install belt conveyors in sections of reduced cross-section lower than in other excavation sections. In other words, when a center truck or sheet truck approaches, the belt conveyor, which was supported on the shoulder of the tunnel wall, is relocated to a relatively lower position (for example, around the sill).

A belt conveyor relocated to a relatively low position like this is then relocated back up again after the center trucks and sheet carts have passed through in order to make effective use of the tunnel's interior. This means that the belt conveyor must be relocated downwards and then upwards again in a relatively short period of time. For workers to perform this relocation work, they require aerial work vehicles and hoists, which takes considerable time and effort, and also requires halting tunnel excavation (stopping the tunnel face) to seal off the internal cross section at the work site. For this reason, various technologies have been proposed for raising and lowering belt conveyors located within tunnels. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a technology for raising and lowering a belt conveyor using a device that combines a chain block and framework scaffolding.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2017-125321

The technology disclosed in Patent Document 1 involves workers operating chain blocks installed on framework scaffolding to raise and lower a belt conveyor. Chain blocks are characterized by their ability to raise and lower heavy loads with relatively little force thanks to their large gear ratio. This requires workers to rotate multiple gears (actually, to pull down the chain), which requires considerable effort and time. Furthermore, raising and lowering a belt conveyor of a given length typically requires multiple devices (frame scaffolding and chain blocks) spaced approximately 3 meters apart. However, because these devices are relatively heavy (approximately 100 kg), transporting, setting up, and removing them requires time and effort, and the need for hoists and other equipment poses a risk of blocking the working face. Furthermore, if the framework scaffolding were to tip over due to carelessness, the heavy weight of these devices poses a risk of injury to workers and other industrial accidents.

The objective of the present invention is to solve the problems inherent in conventional technology, namely to provide a lifting device that is lighter than conventional technology, including that described in Patent Document 1, and that can raise and lower a belt conveyor more quickly.

This invention was developed based on an unprecedented concept: a columnar member inserted inside a hollow columnar member can be slid up and down using a hoisting device, and can also be disassembled to reduce weight during transportation.

The lifting device of the present invention is a device for raising and lowering a belt conveyor and comprises a hollow, column-shaped fixed column, a hollow (or solid), column-shaped movable column, a base on which the belt conveyor can be placed, a hoisting device capable of winding and unwinding a suspension rope, and a pulley. The base is attached to the upper end of the movable column when in use (i.e., in the in-use state), and the hoisting device and pulley are attached to the fixed column so that the pulley is above the hoisting device (in the in-use state). The movable column is inserted into the fixed column so that it can slide within the fixed column, and the suspension rope of the hoisting device is wound around the pulley and inserted into the fixed column and attached to part of the movable column (in the in-use state). Then, with the fixed pillar in a substantially vertical position (including a vertical position) and the support body positioned below the belt conveyor (i.e., in use), when the hoisting device winds up the hoisting rope, the support body rises together with the moving pillar and pushes up the belt conveyor from below, and when the hoisting device unwinds the hoisting rope, the belt conveyor placed on the support body descends together with the moving pillar.

The lifting device of the present invention can also be configured so that one or more rotating bodies are provided on the inner surface of the fixed column or the outer surface of the movable column. In this case, when the movable column slides within the fixed column, the rotating body in contact with the inner surface of the fixed column or the outer surface of the movable column rotates.

The lifting device of the present invention can also be equipped with a guide mechanism. This guide mechanism includes a guide groove provided on one of the inner surface of the fixed column or the outer surface of the movable column along the axial direction of the fixed column (movable column), and a protrusion provided on the other surface and positioned within the guide groove. In this case, the movable column slides within the fixed column with the protrusion guided by the guide groove.

The lifting device of the present invention can also be equipped with a stopper mechanism. This stopper mechanism comprises an insertion hole provided in the fixed column and an insert that is inserted into the insertion hole. In this case, when the insert is inserted into the insertion hole, the movable column will not descend below the insert (when in use).

The lifting device of the present invention can also be configured so that the support body is detachably attached to a movable column, the movable column is removably inserted into a fixed column, and the suspension rope is detachably attached to the movable column.

The lifting device of the present invention can also further include a plate-shaped base plate and an extendable base jack. The base plate is positioned at the lower end of the fixed column (when in use) and is approximately perpendicular (including perpendicular) to the axial direction of the fixed column. The base jack is attached below the base plate (when in use) and approximately parallel (including parallel) to the axial direction of the fixed column, and is attached to only one side of the base plate relative to the fixed column. In this case, when placing the device around an inclined fixed object, the base jack is placed on the opposite side of the fixed object across from the fixed column, and a portion of the base plate on the opposite side of the base jack across from the fixed column is engaged with the fixed object. The extension and retraction of the base jack can then be adjusted to bring the base plate into an approximately horizontal position (including a horizontal position).

The lifting device of the present invention has the following advantages.
(1) Since the moving column and the load are raised and lowered by a hoisting device such as a hand winch, work can be performed more efficiently than with a chain block (i.e., the amount of lifting can be adjusted according to the amount of work).
(2) The entire device is lighter (approximately 40 kg) than the device in Patent Document 1, for example, which reduces the time and effort required for installation and removal, and is expected to reduce the degree of injury to workers even if an unexpected fall occurs. Furthermore, by making it possible to disassemble it into small parts (such as the mounting body and moving column, the moving column and fixed column, and the hanging rope and moving column), transportation work becomes easier.
(3) Since general-purpose products are mainly used, production costs and repair costs in the event of damage are reduced, and modifications and adjustments according to the construction site are easy.
(4) Conventional chain-lock type lifting devices have a mechanism in which one lifting section slides up and down, and therefore the height to which it can be raised is limited. In contrast, the present invention can be configured as a telescopic mechanism using multiple movable columns, which increases the degree of freedom in designing the height to which the support body can be raised compared to conventional techniques.

1 is a side view schematically showing a lifting device of the present invention with a continuous belt conveyor placed thereon. FIG. FIG. 1 is a side view schematically showing a fixed pole to which a hoisting device and a pulley are attached. FIG. 4 is a side view schematically showing the moving column and the mounting body. FIG. 1A is a model diagram showing a state in which a telescopic mechanism is formed by a fixed column and multiple movable columns, with the movable column housed within the fixed column; FIG. 1B is a model diagram showing a state in which a telescopic mechanism is formed by a fixed column and multiple movable columns, with the movable column rising from the fixed column. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing a moving column rotor provided on the outer surface of a moving column, and FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view showing a flange rotor provided on the upper flange of a fixed column. (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a guide groove provided on the inner surface of a fixed column, (b) is a cross-sectional view showing a protrusion provided on the outer surface of a movable column, and (c) is a cross-sectional view showing a fixed column and a movable column with a protrusion arranged in the guide groove. 1A is a side view showing an insertion hole provided in a side wall of a fixed column, and FIG. 1B is a side view showing an insert inserted into the insertion hole. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a lifting device equipped with a stage mechanism installed in a tunnel lined with lining concrete. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a stage mechanism of the lifting device. FIG. 1 is a step diagram showing how to raise a belt conveyor using the lifting device of the present invention. 1 is a diagram showing steps for lowering a belt conveyor using the lifting device of the present invention.

An example of an implementation of the lifting device of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings. The lifting device of the present invention can be used in a variety of cases, including transporting rubble from tunnels, transporting rock blocks in quarries, and transporting a variety of goods in factories and logistics centers. For convenience, however, the following explanation will focus on an example in which a continuous belt conveyor is used in a tunnel being excavated.

Figure 1 is a side view showing a schematic diagram of the lifting device 100 of the present invention with a belt conveyor BC placed on top. As mentioned above, this belt conveyor BC transports waste from the tunnel being excavated toward the tunnel entrance, and therefore the lifting device 100 shown in Figure 1 is naturally also located inside the tunnel. Note that when explaining the lifting device 100 of the present invention, positional relationships including up and down may be indicated, but unless otherwise specified, this refers to the positional relationship when the lifting device 100 is in use (hereinafter referred to as the "use state") as shown in Figure 1.

As shown in FIG. 1, the lifting device 100 of the present invention is primarily composed of a fixed column 110, a movable column 120, a base 130, a hoisting device 140, and a pulley 150. Of these, the fixed column 110 is a hollow column-shaped member (i.e., a tubular member) with an internal space and whose axial dimension is greater than its cross-sectional dimension. The movable column 120 is also a column-shaped member with its axial dimension greater than its surface dimension, but it can be hollow (i.e., a tubular member) or solid (i.e., a rod-shaped member). The base 130 is capable of supporting the belt conveyor BC (or its frame) and is attached to the upper end of the movable column 120.

The hoisting device 140 is a device that can wind up and unwind the suspension rope 141, and Figure 1 shows a hand winch with a rotating handle as an example of the hoisting device 140. Of course, the hoisting device 140 is not limited to a hand winch; various conventional devices can be used, such as an electric winch, an engine-powered winch that uses gasoline, a pneumatic winch powered by an air motor, or a hydraulic winch. The hoisting device 140 main body is attached to the fixed column 110, and the pulley 150 is attached to the fixed column 110 at a position above the hoisting device 140 main body. Note that this pulley 150 is a so-called "fixed pulley" that does not move from its position attached to the fixed column 110.

The main elements that make up the lifting device 100 of the present invention are described in detail below.

(fixed column)
FIG. 2 is a side view schematically illustrating a fixed column 110 to which a hoisting device 140 and a pulley 150 are attached. As shown in this figure, the fixed column 110 can have a lower flange 111 attached to its lower end and an upper flange 112 attached to its upper end. However, at least the upper flange 112 is formed like a brim with a central through-hole to allow the movable column 120 to pass through. On the other hand, the lower flange 111 has a relatively large area to stabilize the fixed column 110 (i.e., the lifting device 100) when in use, and a plate or the like may be attached to support the fixed column 110 from the side. Furthermore, a fixed column 110 with a considerable length (i.e., height) can be formed by connecting an additional relay fixed column 110 above the main fixed column 110 shown in FIG. 2 . In this case, a bolt hole provided in the upper flange of the main fixed column 110 and a bolt hole provided in the lower flange of the relay fixed column 110 can be used to detachably connect them using a connecting bolt.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, when in use, the fixed column 110 is positioned so that its axial direction is approximately vertical (including vertical). As already mentioned, the hoisting device 140 main body is attached to the fixed column 110, and the pulley 150 is attached to the fixed column 110 at a position higher than the hoisting device 140 main body. If the hoisting device 140 is a hand winch, it should be attached at a height that is easy for an operator to use when in use. The suspension rope 141 that is wound up and unwound by the hoisting device 140 extends upward from the hoisting device 140 main body, is wound around the pulley 150, and then enters the fixed column 110 and hangs down. Therefore, a small hole is provided in the side wall of the fixed column 110 near the pulley 150 to allow the suspension rope 141 to pass through. The lower end of the hanging rope 141 inside the fixed column 110 is connected to a part (particularly the lower part) of the movable column 120 as described below, and therefore a hanging rope connecting jig 142 is provided at the lower end of the hanging rope 141.

(Moving column and support body)
FIG. 3 is a side view showing the movable column 120 and the mounting body 130. As shown in this figure, the movable column 120 has a flange 121 at its upper end, and a movable column connecting jig 122 can be further installed on top of that. As mentioned above, the mounting body 130 is capable of mounting the belt conveyor BC (or its frame). Therefore, its width (the length in the left-right direction in the figure) is designed to be slightly larger than the width of the belt conveyor BC, and protruding plates 131 can be provided on both sides to prevent the belt conveyor BC from falling off. The mounting body 130 can be formed using square steel pipes, shaped steel such as angle iron or channel iron, or a plate-shaped steel plate.

A mount body connecting jig 132 is installed below the mount body 130, and by connecting this mount body connecting jig 132 to the movable column connecting jig 122, the mount body 130 can be detachably attached to the movable column 120. Specifically, the bolt holes in the movable column connecting jig 122 and the bolt holes in the mount body connecting jig 132 are aligned, and then nuts are tightened onto the connecting bolts inserted through these holes, thereby detachably attaching the mount body 130 to the movable column 120.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the movable column 120 is inserted (i.e., fitted) into the fixed column 110 after the support 130 is attached to its upper end. More specifically, the movable column 120 is positioned above the fixed column 110, and the lower end of the movable column 120 is inserted through the upper opening of the fixed column 110. A portion (particularly the lower portion) of the movable column 120 inserted into the fixed column 110 is attached to the suspension rope 141. For example, the suspension rope 141 can be detachably attached to the movable column 120 by aligning a bolt hole near the lower end of the side wall of the movable column 120 with a bolt hole in the suspension rope connection jig 142 at the lower end of the suspension rope 141 and then inserting the bolt through the bolt hole and tightening a nut on the connecting bolt. Alternatively, the suspension rope 141 can be detachably attached to the movable column 120 by engaging a hook on the suspension rope connection jig 142 with the bolt hole or the lower end of the movable column 120. It should be noted that when attaching the suspending rope 141 (especially the suspending rope connecting jig 142) to the movable column 120, it is preferable to attach it before inserting the movable column 120 into the fixed column 110, or to attach it after passing the movable column 120 and the suspending rope connecting jig 142 outside the fixed column 110 through the lower opening of the fixed column 110 (the central opening of the lower flange 111). While FIG. 1 shows a configuration in which one movable column 120 is inserted into the fixed column 110, this is not limiting, and a configuration including multiple movable columns 120 can also be achieved by inserting another movable column 120 into the movable column 120. A configuration including multiple movable columns 120 will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 4. The multiple movable columns 120 each have a different diameter, and these movable columns 120 are housed in order according to their diameters to form a multiple pipe. Each of the movable columns 120 (hereinafter referred to as the "intermediate movable columns 120"), excluding the innermost movable column 120 (hereinafter referred to as the "innermost movable column 120"), has a pulley (fixed pulley) fixed to its upper and lower ends and a small hole through which a suspension rope 141 passes. The suspension rope 141 is then passed through the small hole and wound around the pulley of the intermediate movable column 120, after which the suspension rope 141 (particularly the suspension rope connecting jig 142) is attached to a portion of the innermost movable column 120. In other words, a telescopic mechanism used in crane booms, telescopes, etc. is constructed using a fixed column 110 and multiple movable columns 120 (intermediate movable columns 120 and innermost movable columns 120). This is advantageous because it provides greater flexibility in designing the lift dimension (height) of the support body 130 compared to conventional technology.

(Rotation mechanism)
The lifting device 100 of the present invention may also be provided with a rotation mechanism 160 as shown in Fig. 5. Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along a horizontal plane showing the rotation mechanism 160, in which (a) shows a movable column rotor 161 provided on the outer surface of the movable column 120, and (b) shows a flange rotor 162 provided on the upper flange 112 of the fixed column 110.

One of the features of the lifting device 100 of the present invention is that the movable column 120 is inserted so as to be slidable within the fixed column 110; that is, the movable column 120 slides up and down within the fixed column 110. The rotation mechanism 160 facilitates smoother sliding of the movable column 120. For example, in Figure 5(a), three movable column rotors 161 are provided on the outer surface of the movable column 120, and a portion (outside) of each movable column rotor 161 abuts against the inner surface of the fixed column 110. As a result, when the movable column 120 slides within the fixed column 110, each movable column rotor 161 rotates accordingly, enabling smoother sliding of the movable column 120. The movable column rotors 161 can be any rotatable structure, such as a tire, wheel, or sphere that rotates around an axis. In Figure 5(a), the moving column rotor 161 is provided on the outer surface of the moving column 120, but instead of (or in addition to) the outer surface of the moving column 120, a rotor (fixed column rotor) can also be provided on the inner surface of the fixed column 110. Furthermore, the moving column rotor 161 can be provided in multiple stages in the vertical direction, not just in one stage, and of course any number of moving column rotors 161 (including one) can be provided per stage, not just three.

In addition, in Figure 5(b), four flange rotors 162 are provided on the upper surface of the upper flange 112 of the fixed column 110, and a portion (inner side) of each flange rotor 162 abuts against the outer surface of the movable column 120. As a result, when the movable column 120 slides inside the fixed column 110, each flange rotor 162 rotates in response, allowing the movable column 120 to slide more smoothly.

(Guide mechanism)
The lifting device 100 of the present invention may also be provided with a guide mechanism 170 as shown in Fig. 6. Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along a horizontal plane showing the guide mechanism 170, in which (a) shows a guide groove 171 provided on the inner surface of the fixed column 110, (b) shows a protrusion 172 provided on the outer surface of the movable column 120, and (c) shows the fixed column 110 and the movable column 120 with protrusions disposed in the guide groove 171. Incidentally, Fig. 5 shows an example in which the fixed column 110 and the movable column 120 have circular cross sections (i.e., cylindrical), but the lifting device 100 of the present invention can use the fixed column 110 and the movable column 120 with any cross-sectional shape, such as a quadrangular cross section (i.e., rectangular column) as shown in Fig. 6.

As shown in Figure 6(a), the guide groove 171 has a gap large enough to insert the protrusion 172, and is formed over a predetermined length (including the entire length of the fixed column 110) along the axial direction of the fixed column 110. The movable column 120 is then inserted into the fixed column 110 so that the protrusion 172 on the outer surface of the movable column 120 fits into the guide groove 171 on the inner surface of the fixed column 110. The movable column 120 can then slide within the fixed column 110 while being guided by this guide mechanism 170. This prevents the movable column 120 from rotating around its vertical axis during sliding, meaning the movable column 120 can slide while maintaining the mount 130 in an appropriate position. While Figure 6 shows a guide groove 171 on the inner surface of the fixed column 110 and a protrusion 172 on the outer surface of the movable column 120, it is also possible to provide a protrusion 172 on the inner surface of the fixed column 110 and a guide groove 171 on the outer surface of the movable column 120 instead of (or in addition to) this.

(Stopper mechanism)
The lifting device 100 of the present invention may also be provided with a stopper mechanism 180 as shown in Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a side view showing the stopper mechanism 180, where (a) shows an insertion hole 181 formed in the side wall of the fixed column 110 and (b) shows an insert 182 inserted into the insertion hole 181. As shown in this figure, the stopper mechanism 180 is composed of the insertion hole 181 formed in the side wall of the fixed column 110 and an insert 182 such as a bolt or a pin. Note that in Fig. 7, a straight bolt is used as the insert 182, but this is not limiting and a U-shaped bolt (so-called U-bolt) can also be used.

The insertion holes 181 are small holes that penetrate the side wall of the fixed column 110 to the extent that the insertion members 182 can be inserted through them. As shown in Figure 7(b), it is preferable to provide two insertion holes 181 at opposing locations so that the insertion members 182 can pass through the fixed column 110. Of course, if U-bolts are used as the insertion members 182, it is preferable to provide two insertion holes 181 at each of the opposing locations (four locations in total). By inserting the insertion members 182 through the insertion holes 181 as shown in this figure, it is possible to prevent the lower end of the movable column 120 from descending (falling) below the insertion members 182, which is advantageous because it prevents the belt conveyor BC supported by the support body 130 from accidentally descending. In Figure 7(a), multiple rows of insertion holes 181 (four rows in the figure) are provided, and the minimum height of the movable column 120 (the height below which it will not be lowered) can be selected by inserting an insertion material 182 into the desired insertion hole 181. However, it is also possible to limit the minimum height by providing only one insertion hole 181 (one row). Furthermore, by providing a small hole in the movable column 120 and inserting the insertion material 182 through the insertion hole 181 in the fixed column 110 and the small hole in the movable column 120, i.e., by having the insertion material 182 penetrate (sewn together, so to speak) the fixed column 110 and the movable column 120, it is possible to more reliably prevent the movable column 120 from lowering.

(Stage mechanism)
The lifting device 100 of the present invention can also be equipped with a stage mechanism 190, as shown in Figure 8. Figure 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing the lifting device 100 equipped with the stage mechanism 190, installed in a tunnel lined with lining concrete LC. The stage mechanism 190 supports the lifting device 100 in a stable state and so that the fixed column 110 and the movable column 120 are maintained in a substantially vertical (including vertical) position.

The lifting device 100 of the present invention raises and lowers the belt conveyor BC. Typically, in sections where there is lining concrete LC, the belt conveyor BC is positioned near it (e.g., at the shoulder), and therefore the lifting device 100 is also positioned close to the lining concrete LC. However, because the lining concrete LC is curved, as shown in Figure 8, when the stage mechanism 190 approaches the lining concrete LC, part of it is placed on the lining concrete LC. Therefore, the stage mechanism 190 of the lifting device 100 is designed so that it has support legs only on the tunnel interior side (center side), and the other side is engaged with the lining concrete LC. The stage mechanism 190 will be described in detail below with reference to Figure 9.

Figure 9 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a schematic view of the stage mechanism 190, which is the support base of the lifting device 100. As shown in this figure, the stage mechanism 190 is composed of a base plate 191 and a base jack 192, which is a support leg. This base jack 192 is a jack that can be extended and retracted manually or hydraulically, and is equipped with a mechanism that allows it to extend and retract up and down when in use. On the other hand, the base plate 191 is a plate-like member made of steel or the like, on which the fixed column 110 (particularly the lower flange 111) is placed.

As shown in Figure 9, when in use, the base jack 192 is installed so that the base jack 192 attached below the base plate 191 is in a substantially vertical (including vertical) position, and the base plate 191 is in a substantially horizontal (including horizontal) position, and the fixed column 110 (particularly the lower flange 111) is placed on the upper surface of the base plate 191. In other words, the base plate 191 is positioned at the lower end of the fixed column 110 so as to be substantially perpendicular (including perpendicular) to the axial direction of the fixed column 110, and one base jack 192 is positioned below the base plate 191 so as to be substantially parallel (including parallel) to the axial direction of the fixed column 110.

As can be seen from Figure 9, there are no obstacles on the tunnel interior side of the space below the base plate 191, but the lining concrete LC is placed on the LC side. Therefore, the base jack 192 can be placed on the tunnel interior side, meaning support can be obtained from the ground, but the base jack 192 cannot be placed on the LC side. For this reason, the base jack 192 is attached only to one side of the base plate 191 (the tunnel interior side) of the placed fixed column 110, and is not attached to the other side of the base plate 191 (the LC side). However, as long as it is attached only to one side of the base plate 191, one or more base jacks 192 can be attached in the tunnel axial direction (the depth direction of the paper in Figure 9).

With the above configuration, one end of the base plate 191 (the tunnel interior side) is supported by the base jack 192, and the other end (the lining concrete LC side) is supported by the lining concrete LC. The lining concrete LC can use a jig fixed to the lining concrete LC to support the other end of the base plate 191. For example, in Figure 9, the other end of the base plate 191 is supported by engaging a part of the base plate 191 (an angle iron in the figure) with a clamp CL (particularly a special-shaped clamp, etc.) anchored to the lining concrete LC. The approximately horizontal position of the base plate 191 can be adjusted by extending or retracting the base jack 192 up and down.

(Assembly and Disassembly)
The lifting device 100 of the present invention can be delivered and installed in the completed state shown in FIG. 1 and can also be delivered in the completed state after use. Alternatively, the lifting device 100 can be delivered disassembled. For example, the fixed column 110 ( FIG. 2 ) to which the hoisting device 140 and pulley 150 are attached, the movable column 120 ( FIG. 3 ), and the base 130 ( FIG. 3 ) are delivered separately and assembled on-site. Specifically, the fixed column 110 is first installed so that its axis is in a substantially vertical position. Then, the base 130 is attached to the upper end of the movable column 120, and the suspending rope connecting jig 142 for the suspending rope 141 is attached to the movable column 120. Finally, the movable column 120 is inserted into the fixed column 110 to assemble the lifting device 100. When raising and lowering a belt conveyor BC of a predetermined length, it is preferable to install multiple lifting devices 100 at intervals of, for example, about 3 m, as in the prior art.

The lifting device 100 can also be transported after being disassembled into the fixed column 110, movable column 120, and base 130. Specifically, the lifting device 100 is first laid on its side, and the movable column 120 is removed from the fixed column 110. The suspending rope connecting jig 142 and base 130 are then removed from the movable column 120, and the fixed column 110, movable column 120, and base 130 are then transported separately. In this way, because the lifting device 100 can be disassembled into the fixed column 110, movable column 120, and base 130, it can be transported and carried extremely easily, even by hand in some cases.

(Example of use)
Fig. 10 is a step diagram showing how to raise a belt conveyor BC using the lifting device 100 of the present invention, and Fig. 11 is a step diagram showing how to lower a belt conveyor BC using the lifting device 100 of the present invention. As shown in Fig. 10(a), when the hoisting device 140 winds up the suspending rope 141, the suspending rope connecting jig 142 at the lower end of the suspending rope 141 is pulled up and the movable column 120 inside the fixed column 110 slides upward, and as a result, the belt conveyor BC pushed up by the mounting body 130 moves upward as shown in Fig. 10(b). As shown in Figure 11(a), when the hoisting device 140 unwinds the suspension rope 141, the suspension rope connecting jig 142 at the lower end of the suspension rope 141 is pulled down, and the movable column 120 inside the fixed column 110 slides downward, and as a result, the belt conveyor BC placed on the support body 130 also moves downward, as shown in Figure 11(b).

The lifting device of the present invention can be used to excavate a variety of tunnels, including road and railway tunnels and water tunnels, and can also be used in any situation where rock needs to be excavated and transported, such as in quarries. Given that the present invention enables the efficient and safe construction of social infrastructure in the form of tunnel structures, it can be said to be an invention that not only has industrial applications but is also expected to make a significant contribution to society.

100 Lifting device of the present invention 110 Fixed column (of lifting device) 111 Lower flange (of fixed column) 112 Upper flange (of fixed column) 120 Moving column (of lifting device) 121 Flange (of moving column) 122 Moving column connecting jig (of moving column) 130 Mounting body (of lifting device) 131 Protruding plate (of mounting body) 132 Mounting body connecting jig (of mounting body) 140 Hoisting device (of lifting device) 141 Suspension rope (of hoisting device) 142 Suspension rope connecting jig (of hoisting device) 150 Pulley (of lifting device) 160 Rotation mechanism (of lifting device) 161 Moving column rotating body (of rotation mechanism) 162 Flange rotating body (of rotation mechanism) 170 Guide mechanism (of lifting device) 171 Guide groove (of guide mechanism) 172 Protrusion (of guide mechanism) 180 Stopper mechanism (of lifting device) 181 Insertion hole (of stopper mechanism) 182 Insertion member (of stopper mechanism) 190 Stage mechanism (of lifting device) 191 Base plate (of stopper mechanism) 192 Base jack (of stopper mechanism) BC Belt conveyor CL Clamp LC Lining concrete

Claims (6)

A device for raising and lowering a belt conveyor,
A hollow, column-shaped fixed column;
A hollow or solid pillar-shaped moving column;
a support body on which the belt conveyor can be placed;
a hoisting device capable of winding up and unwinding a suspension rope;
a pulley;
By utilizing the hole provided in the upper part of the moving column, the hole provided in the lower part of the mounting body, and the bolt, the mounting body is bolted to the upper end of the moving column when in use,
The hoisting device and the pulley are attached to the fixed column so that the pulley is higher than the hoisting device when in use,
the movable column is inserted into the fixed column so as to be slidable within the fixed column;
The hoisting rope of the hoisting device is wound around the pulley and inserted into the fixed column, and is attached to a part of the movable column when in use,
When the fixed pillar is positioned vertically or approximately vertically and the mounting body is positioned below the belt conveyor, and when the hoisting device winds up the hoisting rope, the mounting body, which rises together with the moving pillar, pushes up the belt conveyor from below, and when the hoisting device unwinds the hoisting rope, the belt conveyor placed on the mounting body descends together with the moving pillar.
A lifting device characterized by: One or more rotating bodies are provided on the inner surface of the fixed column and/or the outer surface of the moving column,
When the moving column slides within the fixed column, the rotating body rotates.
2. The lifting device according to claim 1. a guide groove is provided on one of the inner surface of the fixed column and the outer surface of the movable column along the axial direction of the fixed column or the movable column, and a protrusion is provided on the other of the inner surface of the fixed column and the outer surface of the movable column to be disposed in the guide groove;
The movable column slides within the fixed column while the protrusion is guided by the guide groove.
3. The lifting device according to claim 1 or 2. The device further includes a stopper mechanism including an insertion hole provided in the fixed column and an insertion member inserted into the insertion hole,
When the insert is inserted into the insertion hole during use, the moving column does not descend below the insert.
4. The lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting device is a lifting device for lifting a vehicle. The mounting body is detachably attached to the moving column,
The moving column is removably inserted into the fixed column,
The suspension rope is detachably attached to the moving column.
5. The lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting device is a lifting device for lifting a vehicle. A flat base plate;
and an extendable base jack;
the base plate is disposed at the lower end of the fixed column in use so as to be perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the axial direction of the fixed column;
The base jack is attached below the base plate during use so as to be parallel or approximately parallel to the axial direction of the fixed column,
Furthermore, the base jack is attached to only one side of the base plate relative to the fixed column,
When the base jack is placed around an inclined fixed object, the base jack is placed on the opposite side of the fixed object across the fixed column, and a part of the base plate on the opposite side of the base jack across the fixed column is engaged with the fixed object, and the base plate can be placed in a horizontal or approximately horizontal position by adjusting the extension and contraction of the base jack.
6. The lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the lifting device is a lifting device for lifting a vehicle.