JP7729787B2 - Hole forming mold and hole forming method for forming holes in concrete molded body - Google Patents
Hole forming mold and hole forming method for forming holes in concrete molded bodyInfo
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Description
本発明は、コンクリート成形体の成形時に用いられ、コンクリート成形体に孔を設けるための孔成形型と、孔成形型を用いた孔成形方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a hole forming mold used when forming a concrete body to create holes in the concrete body, and to a hole forming method using the hole forming mold.
流動性を有する状態のコンクリートを型枠に打設して成形されるコンクリート成形体に、鉄筋等を挿通するための孔を設けておきたい場合がある。孔には、鉄筋等を挿通した後グラウトが注入される。硬化したグラウトとコンクリート成形体との間で鉄筋の延在方向の剪断力が伝達されるように、孔の内周面には凹凸を設けておくことが求められる。 Concrete bodies are formed by pouring fluid concrete into forms, and in some cases, holes are required for inserting rebars, etc. After the rebars are inserted, grout is poured into the holes. The inner surface of the holes needs to be uneven so that the shear force in the direction of the rebars' extension can be transmitted between the hardened grout and the concrete body.
表面に凹凸を有する鋼管を型として用いれば、孔の内周面に凹凸を設けることはできるが、コンクリートの硬化後に鋼管を引き抜くことができず、鋼管は埋め殺し型枠となる。埋め殺し型枠は、異物をコンクリート中に残すこととなり、また、コスト増加の原因となるため、使用を避けたい場合がある。そこで、このような場合に使用できる孔成形型が提案されている。 If a steel pipe with an uneven surface is used as a mold, it is possible to create an uneven surface on the inner circumference of the hole, but the steel pipe cannot be pulled out after the concrete has hardened, and the steel pipe becomes a dead-end formwork. Dead-end formwork leaves foreign matter in the concrete and increases costs, so its use is sometimes avoided. Therefore, a hole-forming mold that can be used in such cases has been proposed.
例えば、特許文献１には、内周面に凹凸を有する貫通孔を形成するためのゴム膨張管を備えた貫通孔成形型が記載されている。貫通孔成形型は、ゴム膨張管を膨張させた状態で型枠内に配置され、コンクリートの打設及び硬化後にゴム膨張管を収縮させた状態で引き抜かれる。 For example, Patent Document 1 describes a through-hole forming mold equipped with a rubber expansion tube for forming through-holes with irregularities on the inner circumferential surface. The through-hole forming mold is placed inside a formwork with the rubber expansion tube inflated, and is removed with the rubber expansion tube in a deflated state after concrete has been poured and hardened.
しかし、特許文献１に記載の貫通孔成形型は、ゴム膨張体が浮力によって変形して孔が直線形状から歪むことを防止するために、円弧形状をなす複数の分割片を含む剛性筒体や、可撓性を有する外挿チューブを更に備える。剛性筒体の加工が煩雑であり、部材数が多くなるため、製造コストが増加した。また、コンクリートに接する外挿チューブの劣化が激しいため、貫通孔成形型を繰り返し使用するためには、外挿チューブの交換が必要であり、このこともコスト増加の一因となっていた。 However, the through-hole molding die described in Patent Document 1 further includes a rigid cylindrical body including multiple arc-shaped segments and a flexible outer tube to prevent the rubber expansion body from deforming due to buoyancy and distorting the hole from its linear shape. The processing of the rigid cylindrical body is complicated, and the number of components is large, resulting in increased manufacturing costs. Furthermore, the outer tube, which comes into contact with the concrete, deteriorates rapidly, so repeated use of the through-hole molding die requires replacement of the outer tube, which also contributes to increased costs.
本発明は、以上の背景に鑑み、直線状に延在して内周面に凹凸を有する孔を形成することができ、孔の形成後にコンクリート成形体から取り除くことができ、比較的低コストで利用できる孔成形型と、この孔成形型を用いた孔成形方法とを提供することを課題とする。 In light of the above background, the present invention aims to provide a hole-forming mold that can form linearly extending holes with unevenness on their inner circumferential surfaces, that can be removed from the concrete body after the holes are formed, and that can be used at relatively low cost, as well as a hole-forming method using this hole-forming mold.
上記課題を解決するために本発明のある態様は、コンクリート成形体（１０）の成形時に用いられ、前記コンクリート成形体に孔（１１）を設けるための孔成形型（１）であって、所定方向に延在する鋼棒部材（２）であって、横断面視において所定の中心に対する円弧形状の外周面を有し、前記所定方向に延在する１つ以上の円弧部（５）と、前記横断面視において前記円弧部の前記外周面の延長円弧線よりも凹んでおり、前記所定方向に延在する１つ以上の溝部（６）とを含む、該鋼棒部材と、対応する前記溝部に嵌合可能であり、前記溝部に嵌合した状態で前記鋼棒部材に対して前記所定方向の少なくとも一方にスライド可能な、前記溝部と同数のスライド部材（３）とを備え、前記円弧部の前記外周面は、周方向に沿って又は前記周方向に傾斜して互いに平行に延在する複数の突条（７）を含み、前記円弧部と前記溝部とは前記周方向に沿って交互に設けられるとともに、前記横断面視において、前記鋼棒部材を所定角度で前記周方向に回転させた時の前記円弧部の側面が、回転前の前記溝部の側面よりも前記周方向の内側に配置され、前記スライド部材は、前記溝部に嵌合した状態における前記横断面視において、前記延長円弧線に一致する、又は前記延長円弧線よりも径方向の外側に位置する外周面を有し、前記スライド部材の前記外周面は、前記スライド部材が前記溝部に嵌合した状態において、前記所定方向に平行である、又は、前記所定方向の前記一方に向かうにつれて前記鋼棒部材から遠ざかる、孔成形型である。ここで、「横断面」とは、所定方向に直交する断面を意味する。 In order to solve the above problem, one aspect of the present invention is a hole forming mold (1) used when forming a concrete molded body (10) for forming a hole (11) in the concrete molded body, the molded body comprising: a steel rod member (2) extending in a predetermined direction, having an outer peripheral surface that is arc-shaped relative to a predetermined center in a cross-sectional view, and including one or more arc portions (5) extending in the predetermined direction; and one or more groove portions (6) that are recessed in the cross-sectional view from an extension arc line of the outer peripheral surface of the arc portions and extend in the predetermined direction; and slide members (3) equal in number to the groove portions that can be fitted into the corresponding groove portions and, when fitted into the groove portions, can slide relative to the steel rod member in at least one of the predetermined directions, and the outer peripheral surface of the arc portions is circumferentially The hole-forming mold includes a plurality of protrusions (7) extending parallel to one another along the circumferential direction or inclined in the circumferential direction, the arc portions and the groove portions are arranged alternately along the circumferential direction, and when the steel bar member is rotated in the circumferential direction by a predetermined angle, the side surfaces of the arc portions are positioned more inward in the circumferential direction than the side surfaces of the grooves before rotation, and the sliding member has an outer peripheral surface that coincides with the extended arc line or is positioned radially outward of the extended arc line when fitted into the groove, and the outer peripheral surface of the sliding member is parallel to the predetermined direction or moves away from the steel bar member as it moves toward one of the predetermined directions when fitted into the groove. Here, "transverse section" refers to a cross section perpendicular to the predetermined direction.
この態様によれば、棒部材が突条を有するため、孔の内周面に部分的に凹凸面を形成することができる。また、スライド部材を取り除いた後に生じる空隙に円弧部を受容させるように鋼棒部材を周方向に回転させれば、突条を有する鋼棒部材をコンクリート成形体からスライド移動によって容易に取り除くことができる。また、剛性の高い鋼棒部材を使用しているため、中心軸線が直線になるように孔が形成される。また、孔成形型が比較的簡素な構成を有するため、孔成形型の製造コストを抑制することができる。また、鋼製の鋼棒部材は耐久性が高く、スライド部材は耐久性の高い素材によって形成できるため、繰り返し使用することができ、孔を形成するためのコストを抑制することができる。 In this embodiment, because the rod member has a ridge, it is possible to form a partially uneven surface on the inner circumferential surface of the hole. Furthermore, by rotating the steel rod member in the circumferential direction so that the arc portion fits into the gap that is created after the slide member is removed, the steel rod member with the ridge can be easily removed from the concrete molded body by sliding it. Furthermore, because a highly rigid steel rod member is used, the hole is formed so that its central axis is straight. Furthermore, because the hole forming mold has a relatively simple configuration, the manufacturing costs of the hole forming mold can be reduced. Furthermore, because the steel rod member is highly durable and the slide member can be made of a highly durable material, it can be reused repeatedly, reducing the cost of forming the hole.
上記の態様において、前記円弧部（５）及び前記溝部（６）の数は、それぞれ、２つであり、前記横断面視において、前記円弧部と前記溝部との境界は、前記径方向に延在し、２つの前記円弧部において、径は互いに等しく、かつ中心角（θ１）は互いに等しく、２つの前記溝部の中心角（θ２）は互いに等しいと良い。ここで、溝部の「中心角」とは、横断面視において、溝部とこれに隣接する円弧部との２つの境界から、円弧部の外周面によって画定される円弧の中心（中心部の中心）に至る２つの線分がなす角を意味する。 In the above aspect, the number of the arc portions (5) and the groove portions (6) is two, the boundaries between the arc portions and the groove portions extend in the radial direction in the cross-sectional view, the diameters of the two arc portions are equal, the central angles (θ 1 ) of the two arc portions are equal, and the central angles (θ 2 ) of the two groove portions are equal. Here, the "central angle" of a groove portion means the angle formed by two line segments extending from the two boundaries between a groove portion and an adjacent arc portion to the center of the arc (center of the center) defined by the outer peripheral surfaces of the arc portions in the cross-sectional view.
この態様によれば、必要なスライド部材の数が２本となるとともに、その形状を互いに共通とすることができる。また、鋼棒部材を周方向に回転させるときに、右回りと左回りのどちらに回しても良く、作業性が向上する。また、スライド部材の側面と円弧部との接触面積が小さくなり、摩擦力が低減され、スライド部材のスライド移動が容易になる。 This configuration requires only two slide members, and they can share the same shape. Furthermore, when rotating the steel rod member in the circumferential direction, it can be rotated either clockwise or counterclockwise, improving workability. Furthermore, the contact area between the side surface of the slide member and the arc portion is reduced, reducing friction and facilitating sliding movement of the slide member.
上記の態様において、孔成形型（１）は、前記スライド部材（３）を対応する前記溝部（６）に嵌合させた状態において、前記横断面視において円形をなすと良い。 In the above aspect, the hole forming die (1) preferably has a circular cross section when the slide member (3) is fitted into the corresponding groove portion (6).
この態様によれば、スライド部材をスライド移動させるときに、コンクリート成形体との接触面積を小さくすることができ、摩擦力が減ってスライド部材のスライド移動が容易になる。 According to this aspect, when the sliding member is slid, the contact area with the concrete molded body can be reduced, reducing friction and making it easier for the sliding member to slide.
本発明のある態様は、上記の態様の孔成形型（１）を使用して、前記コンクリート成形体（１０）に前記孔（１１）を設ける方法であって、前記コンクリート成形体の外形を形成するための型枠（１２）、及び前記孔成形型を設置するステップと、前記型枠内にコンクリート（１３）を打設するステップと、前記型枠及び前記孔成形型を取り外すステップとを備え、前記取り外すステップは、前記スライド部材（３）を前記所定方向にスライドさせて、前記コンクリート成形体及び前記鋼棒部材（２）から前記スライド部材を取り除くステップと、前記鋼棒部材を前記周方向の前記一方に回転させ、前記スライド部材を取り除くことによって生じた空隙に前記円弧部（５）を配置するステップと、前記鋼棒部材を前記所定方向に移動させて、前記コンクリート成形体から前記鋼棒部材を取り除くステップとを含む、方法である。 One aspect of the present invention is a method for forming the hole (11) in the concrete molded body (10) using the hole forming mold (1) of the above aspect, comprising the steps of installing a formwork (12) for forming the outer shape of the concrete molded body and the hole forming mold, pouring concrete (13) into the formwork, and removing the formwork and the hole forming mold, wherein the removing step includes the steps of sliding the slide member (3) in the predetermined direction to remove the slide member from the concrete molded body and the steel rod member (2), rotating the steel rod member in one of the circumferential directions to position the arc portion (5) in the gap created by removing the slide member, and moving the steel rod member in the predetermined direction to remove the steel rod member from the concrete molded body.
この態様によれば、コンクリート成形体に、直線状に延在して内周面に凹凸を有する孔を容易かつ低コストで形成することができる。 This method allows for easy and low-cost formation of linearly extending holes with irregularities on the inner circumferential surface in a concrete molded body.
以上の態様によれば、直線状に延在して内周面に凹凸を有する孔を形成することができ、孔の形成後にコンクリート成形体から取り除くことができ、比較的低コストで利用できる孔成形型と、この孔成形型を用いた孔成形方法とを提供することができる。 The above aspects provide a hole forming mold that can be used at relatively low cost, can form a linearly extending hole with an uneven inner surface, can be removed from the concrete molded body after the hole is formed, and provides a hole forming method using this hole forming mold.
以下、図面を参照して、本発明の実施形態に係る孔成形型１を説明する。図１～図３において、Ａ図は、孔成形型１の延在方向の直交する断面図（Ｂ図のＡ－Ａ線に沿った断面図）であり、Ｂ図は、Ａ図のＢ－Ｂ線に沿った一部断面側面図である。 The hole-forming die 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention will now be described with reference to the drawings. In Figures 1 to 3, Figure A is a cross-sectional view perpendicular to the extension direction of the hole-forming die 1 (a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in Figure B), and Figure B is a partial cross-sectional side view taken along line B-B in Figure A.
図１に示すように、孔成形型１は、所定方向に延在する鋼棒部材２と、鋼棒部材２の延在方向に延在して鋼棒部材２と組み合わせて使用される２つのスライド部材３とを備える。 As shown in Figure 1, the hole forming die 1 comprises a steel rod member 2 extending in a predetermined direction and two slide members 3 that extend in the same direction as the steel rod member 2 and are used in combination with the steel rod member 2.
鋼棒部材２は、円柱形状の中心部４と、中心部４に対して径方向に膨出し、横断面（鋼棒部材２の延在方向に直交する断面）視において円弧形状の外周面を有し、鋼棒部材２の延在方向に延在する２つの円弧部５と、中心部４に対して円弧部５を設けることによって画成された２つ溝部６とを含む。 The steel bar member 2 includes a cylindrical central portion 4, two arc-shaped portions 5 that bulge radially from the central portion 4 and have an arc-shaped outer surface when viewed in cross section (a cross section perpendicular to the extension direction of the steel bar member 2), extending in the extension direction of the steel bar member 2, and two groove portions 6 defined by the arc-shaped portions 5 provided relative to the central portion 4.
２つの円弧部５の外周面は、横断面視で中心部４の中心に対する円弧をなす。円弧部５の外周面には、周方向に沿って延在する複数の突条７が設けられている。２つの円弧部５において、径（中心部４の中心から円弧部５の外周面までの長さ）は互いに等しく、中心角θ１は互いに等しいことが好ましい。円弧部５における周方向の端部を画定する側面は、周方向に直交していることが好ましい。 The outer peripheral surfaces of the two arc portions 5 form arcs relative to the center of the central portion 4 in a cross-sectional view. A plurality of ridges 7 extending along the circumferential direction are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the arc portion 5. It is preferable that the diameters (lengths from the center of the central portion 4 to the outer peripheral surfaces of the arc portions 5) of the two arc portions 5 are equal to each other and that the central angles θ1 are equal to each other. It is preferable that the side surfaces defining the circumferential ends of the arc portions 5 are perpendicular to the circumferential direction.
溝部６は、横断面視において、突条７を含む円弧部５の外周面の延長円弧線よりも凹んでおり、鋼棒部材２の延在方向に延在する。溝部６の底面は、中心部４の外周面によって画定され、溝部６の周方向の端部なす側面は、円弧部５における周方向の端部を画定する側面によって画定されている。 In a cross-sectional view, the groove 6 is recessed relative to the extended arc line of the outer peripheral surface of the arc portion 5, including the ribs 7, and extends in the extension direction of the steel bar member 2. The bottom surface of the groove 6 is defined by the outer peripheral surface of the center portion 4, and the side surfaces forming the circumferential ends of the groove 6 are defined by the side surfaces that define the circumferential ends of the arc portion 5.
円弧部５と溝部６とは周方向に沿って交互に設けられる。円弧部５及び溝部６は、横断面視において、鋼棒部材２を所定角度で周方向に回転させた時の円弧部５の側面が、回転前の溝部６の側面よりも周方向の内側に配置されるように、構成される。従って、横断面視において、これらの側面が径方向に沿って配置されている場合は、各々の円弧部５の中心角θ１は、溝部６の中心角θ２よりも小さい。ここで、溝部６の中心角θ２とは、横断面視において、溝部６とこれに隣接する円弧部５との２つの境界から、中心部４の中心に至る２つの線分がなす角である。図示する例では、円弧部５の中心角θ１は、９０°よりわずかに小さく、溝部６の中心角θ２は９０°よりわずかに大きい。 The arc portions 5 and the groove portions 6 are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction. The arc portions 5 and the groove portions 6 are configured such that, in a cross-sectional view, when the steel bar member 2 is rotated in the circumferential direction by a predetermined angle, the side surfaces of the arc portions 5 are positioned circumferentially more inward than the side surfaces of the groove portions 6 before rotation. Therefore, when these side surfaces are positioned along the radial direction in a cross-sectional view, the central angle θ1 of each arc portion 5 is smaller than the central angle θ2 of the groove portions 6. Here, the central angle θ2 of the groove portions 6 is the angle formed by two line segments extending from two boundaries between the groove portions 6 and the adjacent arc portions 5 to the center of the central portion 4 in a cross-sectional view. In the illustrated example, the central angle θ1 of the arc portions 5 is slightly smaller than 90°, and the central angle θ2 of the grooves 6 is slightly larger than 90°.
スライド部材３は、鋼棒部材２の延在方向にスライド可能に溝部６に嵌合する。スライド部材３は、横断面視で、径方向に所定の幅を有する円弧形状をなす。スライド部材３を鋼棒部材２に嵌合させた時、スライド部材３の内周面は中心部４の外周面に当接し、スライド部材３の周方向の端部を形成する側面は、円弧部５の周方向端部を形成する側面にスライド可能に当接する。スライド部材３を鋼棒部材２に嵌合させた時、横断面視で、スライド部材３の外周面は、円弧部５の外周面の延長円弧線上に位置する。従って、スライド部材３を鋼棒部材２に嵌合させた時、鋼棒部材２とスライド部材３とを互いに組み合わせた形状は、円柱形状をなす。スライド部材３の素材は、鋼材であることが好ましいが、打設するコンクリート１３に対して歪まない程度の剛性を有する素材であれば良く、例えば、炭素繊維等の繊維強化プラスチックや、プラスチックでも良い。 The slide member 3 fits into the groove 6 slidably in the extension direction of the steel rod 2. In a cross-sectional view, the slide member 3 has an arc shape with a predetermined width in the radial direction. When the slide member 3 is fitted to the steel rod 2, the inner circumferential surface of the slide member 3 abuts the outer circumferential surface of the center portion 4, and the side surfaces forming the circumferential ends of the slide member 3 slidably abut the side surfaces forming the circumferential ends of the arc portion 5. When the slide member 3 is fitted to the steel rod 2, the outer circumferential surface of the slide member 3 is located on an arc line extending from the outer circumferential surface of the arc portion 5 in a cross-sectional view. Therefore, when the slide member 3 is fitted to the steel rod 2, the combined shape of the steel rod 2 and the slide member 3 forms a cylindrical shape. The slide member 3 is preferably made of steel, but any material with sufficient rigidity to withstand the poured concrete 13 may be used. For example, fiber-reinforced plastic (e.g., carbon fiber) or plastic may also be used.
なお、スライド部材３が溝部６に嵌合した状態で、スライド部材３の外周面は、円弧部５の延長円弧線よりも径方向の外側に位置しても良い。スライド部材３の外周面は、鋼棒部材２の延在方向に平行であるが、これに代えて、鋼棒部材２の延在方向の一方に向かうにつれて鋼棒部材２から遠ざかるように傾斜又は湾曲していても良い。 When the slide member 3 is fitted into the groove portion 6, the outer peripheral surface of the slide member 3 may be located radially outward from the extended arc line of the arc portion 5. The outer peripheral surface of the slide member 3 is parallel to the extension direction of the steel rod member 2, but instead may be inclined or curved so as to move away from the steel rod member 2 in one direction in the extension direction of the steel rod member 2.
円弧部５及び溝部６は、１つ又は３つ以上設けられても良く、また、複数の円弧部５の中心角θ１は互いに一致しなくても良く、複数の溝部６の中心角θ２は互いに一致しなくても良い。ただし、鋼棒部材２を周方向の一方に所定の角度だけ回転させた時、横断面視において、全ての円弧部５の外周面は、回転前の溝部６に嵌合したスライド部材３の外周面上又はその径方向の内側に位置し、全ての円弧部５の周方向の端部をなす側面は、回転前の溝部６の周方向の端部をなす側面上又はその周方向の内側に位置するという条件を満たす必要がある。従って、円弧部５の各々の中心角θ１は、回転方向に隣接する溝部６の中心角θ２よりも小さくする必要がある。 The number of arc portions 5 and groove portions 6 may be one or more than two, and the central angles θ1 of the arc portions 5 and the central angles θ2 of the groove portions 6 may not coincide with each other. However, when the steel bar member 2 is rotated by a predetermined angle in one circumferential direction, the outer peripheral surfaces of all arc portions 5 must be located on or radially inward of the outer peripheral surface of the slide member 3 fitted into the groove portions 6 before rotation, and the side surfaces forming the circumferential ends of all arc portions 5 must be located on or circumferentially inward of the side surfaces forming the circumferential ends of the groove portions 6 before rotation. Therefore, the central angle θ1 of each arc portion 5 must be smaller than the central angle θ2 of the groove portion 6 adjacent to it in the rotational direction.
複数の突条７は、周方向に沿って延在することに代えて、ねじ山のように、周方向に傾斜して互いに平行に延在してもよい。この場合、鋼棒部材２が突条７の周囲で硬化したコンクリート１３に対して周方向に回転可能であるように、突条７の周方向に対する傾斜角度は、１つの円弧部５上の設けられた突条７間で共通であるだけでなく、互いに異なる円弧部５上に設けられた突条７間で共通である。 Instead of extending circumferentially, the multiple ridges 7 may extend parallel to one another at an angle circumferentially, like threads. In this case, the angle of inclination of the ridges 7 relative to the circumferential direction is common not only among the ridges 7 provided on one arc portion 5 but also among the ridges 7 provided on different arc portions 5, so that the steel rod member 2 can rotate circumferentially around the ridges 7 relative to the hardened concrete 13.
次に、図１～図３を参照して、孔成形型１を用いてコンクリート成形体１０に孔１１を設ける方法を説明する。孔１１が貫通孔である場合を例に説明するが、孔１１は有底孔であっても良い。 Next, with reference to Figures 1 to 3, a method for forming holes 11 in a concrete molded body 10 using a hole forming mold 1 will be described. An example in which the holes 11 are through holes will be described, but the holes 11 may also be bottomed holes.
図１に示すように、作業員は、コンクリート成形体１０の外形を形成するための型枠１２を組み立て、型枠１２内に孔成形型１を設置する。鋼棒部材２及びスライド部材３の延在方向長さは、形成するべき孔１１の延在方向長さに等しい。作業員は、孔成形型１を埋設するように流動性を有する状態のコンクリート１３を型枠１２内に打設する。 As shown in Figure 1, workers assemble a formwork 12 to form the outer shape of the concrete molded body 10 and place a hole forming mold 1 inside the formwork 12. The extension length of the steel rod member 2 and the slide member 3 is equal to the extension length of the hole 11 to be formed. Workers pour fluid concrete 13 into the formwork 12 so as to bury the hole forming mold 1.
打設したコンクリート１３が脱型可能な程度に硬化したら、作業員は、型枠１２を取り外し、図２に示すように、スライド部材３を、その延在方向に引き抜き又は押し出すことによりスライド移動させ、鋼棒部材２及びコンクリート成形体１０から取り除く。 When the poured concrete 13 has hardened enough to be removable, the worker removes the formwork 12 and, as shown in Figure 2, slides the slide member 3 by pulling or pushing it in its extension direction, removing it from the steel rod member 2 and concrete molded body 10.
図３に示すように、作業員は、スライド部材３を取り除くことによって生じた空隙に円弧部５が収容されるように、鋼棒部材２を周方向に回転させた後、鋼棒部材２を、その延在方向に引き抜き又は押し出すことによりコンクリート成形体１０から取り除く。このようにして、孔１１を有するコンクリート成形体１０が成形される。 As shown in Figure 3, the worker rotates the steel rod member 2 circumferentially so that the arc portion 5 fits into the gap created by removing the slide member 3, and then removes the steel rod member 2 from the concrete molded body 10 by pulling or pushing it out in the direction of its extension. In this way, a concrete molded body 10 having a hole 11 is formed.
実施形態に係る孔成形型１の作用効果について説明する。 The effects of the hole-forming die 1 according to this embodiment will be explained.
鋼棒部材２が突条７を有するため、孔１１の内周面に部分的に凹凸面１４を形成することができる。突条７は周方向に延在するため、鋼棒部材２を周方向に回転させることができる。スライド部材３を取り除いた後に生じる空隙に円弧部５を受容させるように鋼棒部材２を周方向に回転させれば、突条７を有する鋼棒部材２をコンクリート成形体１０からスライド移動によって容易に取り除くことができる。 Because the steel rod member 2 has ridges 7, a partially uneven surface 14 can be formed on the inner surface of the hole 11. Because the ridges 7 extend circumferentially, the steel rod member 2 can be rotated circumferentially. By rotating the steel rod member 2 circumferentially so that the arc portion 5 fits into the gap created after removing the slide member 3, the steel rod member 2 with the ridges 7 can be easily removed from the concrete molded body 10 by sliding it.
剛性の高い鋼棒部材２を使用しているため、中心軸線が直線になるように孔１１が形成される。 Because a highly rigid steel rod member 2 is used, the hole 11 is formed so that the central axis is straight.
鋼棒部材２及びスライド部材３という比較的簡素な構成で孔成形型１が構成されるため、孔成形型１の製造コストを抑制することができる。鋼製の鋼棒部材２は耐久性が高く、スライド部材３は耐久性の高い素材によって形成できる。このため、コンクリート１３に接する鋼棒部材２及びスライド部材３を洗浄しても型が崩れることなく、これらを繰り返し使用することができ、孔１１を形成するためのコストを抑制することができる。 Since the hole forming mold 1 is constructed with a relatively simple structure consisting of a steel rod member 2 and a slide member 3, the manufacturing costs of the hole forming mold 1 can be reduced. The steel rod member 2 is highly durable, and the slide member 3 can be made from a highly durable material. Therefore, the mold does not collapse even if the steel rod member 2 and slide member 3 that come into contact with the concrete 13 are washed, and they can be used repeatedly, reducing the cost of forming the hole 11.
円弧部５及び溝部６の数が、それぞれ、２つであることにより、スライド部材３の数も２本となり、部材数の増加が抑制される。また、横断面視で鋼棒部材２が点対称になるように、２つの円弧部５の中心角θ１が互いに等しく、２つの溝部６の前記中心角θ２が互いに等しいことにより、２つのスライド部材３の形状を互いに等しいものとすることができるとともに、鋼棒部材２を周方向に回転させるときに、右回りと左回りののどちら向きに回しても良くなり、作業性が向上する。 Since the number of arc portions 5 and groove portions 6 is two, the number of slide members 3 is also two, which prevents an increase in the number of members. Furthermore, since the central angles θ1 of the two arc portions 5 and the central angles θ2 of the two groove portions 6 are equal so that the steel bar member 2 is point-symmetric in cross section, the shapes of the two slide members 3 can be made equal to each other, and the steel bar member 2 can be rotated either clockwise or counterclockwise when rotated in the circumferential direction, improving workability.
スライド部材３を溝部６に嵌合させた状態において、孔成形型１が、横断面視において円形をなすため、スライド部材３をコンクリート成形体１０に対してスライド移動させるとき、スライド部材３の周方向の端部を形成する側面が孔１１の内周面に接触せず、摩擦抵抗の増加が抑制され、スライド部材３のスライド移動が容易になる。横断面視で、円弧部５の周方向の側面が径方向に延在することより、スライド部材３の側面と円弧部５の側面との接触面積が小さくなり、摩擦力が減って、スライド部材３のスライド移動が容易になる。 When the slide member 3 is fitted into the groove portion 6, the hole forming mold 1 has a circular shape in cross section. Therefore, when the slide member 3 is slid relative to the concrete molded body 10, the side surfaces forming the circumferential ends of the slide member 3 do not come into contact with the inner surface of the hole 11, suppressing an increase in frictional resistance and facilitating the sliding movement of the slide member 3. Because the circumferential side surfaces of the arc portion 5 extend radially in cross section, the contact area between the side surfaces of the slide member 3 and the side surfaces of the arc portion 5 is smaller, reducing frictional force and facilitating the sliding movement of the slide member 3.
スライド部材３の外周面を、鋼棒部材２の延在方向の一方に向かうにつれて鋼棒部材２から遠ざかるように傾斜又は湾曲させた場合は、延在方向の該一方に向けてスライド部材３をスライド移動させるときに、スライド部材３の外周面と孔１１の内周面との摩擦力が低減され、スライド移動が容易になる。 If the outer surface of the slide member 3 is inclined or curved so that it moves away from the steel rod member 2 toward one side of the extension direction of the steel rod member 2, the frictional force between the outer surface of the slide member 3 and the inner surface of the hole 11 is reduced when the slide member 3 is slid toward that side of the extension direction, making the sliding movement easier.
以上で具体的な実施形態の説明を終えるが、本発明は上記実施形態や変形例に限定されることなく、幅広く変形実施することができる。例えば、中心部は円柱形状でなくともよく、例えば溝部の底面に鋼棒部材の延在方向に沿った突条を画成する形状であっても良い。 This concludes the explanation of specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and modifications, and can be implemented in a wide variety of ways. For example, the central portion does not have to be cylindrical, and may instead have a shape that defines a ridge on the bottom surface of the groove that runs along the extension direction of the steel rod member.
１ ：孔成形型
２ ：鋼棒部材
３ ：スライド部材
４ ：中心部
５ ：円弧部
６ ：溝部
７ ：突条
１０ ：コンクリート成形体
１１ ：孔
１２ ：型枠
１３ ：コンクリート
１４ ：凹凸面
θ１ ：円弧部の中心角
θ２ ：溝部の中心角
1: Hole forming mold 2: Steel bar member 3: Slide member 4: Center portion 5: Arc portion 6: Groove portion 7: Ridge 10: Concrete molded body 11: Hole 12: Formwork 13: Concrete 14: Uneven surface θ 1 : Central angle θ of arc portion 2 : Central angle of groove portion
Claims (4)
所定方向に延在する鋼棒部材であって、横断面視において所定の中心に対する円弧形状の外周面を有し、前記所定方向に延在する１つ以上の円弧部と、前記横断面視において前記円弧部の前記外周面の延長円弧線よりも凹んでおり、前記所定方向に延在する１つ以上の溝部とを含む、該鋼棒部材と、
対応する前記溝部に嵌合可能であり、前記溝部に嵌合した状態で前記鋼棒部材に対して前記所定方向の少なくとも一方にスライド可能な、前記溝部と同数のスライド部材と
を備え、
前記円弧部の前記外周面は、周方向に沿って又は前記周方向に傾斜して互いに平行に延在する複数の突条を含み、
前記円弧部及び前記溝部は、前記周方向に沿って交互に設けられるとともに、前記横断面視において、前記鋼棒部材を所定角度で前記周方向に回転させた時の前記円弧部の側面が、回転前の前記溝部の側面よりも前記周方向の内側に配置されるように構成され、
前記スライド部材は、前記溝部に嵌合した状態における前記横断面視において、前記延長円弧線に一致する、又は前記延長円弧線よりも径方向の外側に位置する外周面を有し、
前記スライド部材の前記外周面は、前記スライド部材が前記溝部に嵌合した状態において、前記所定方向に平行である、又は、前記所定方向の前記一方に向かうにつれて前記鋼棒部材から遠ざかる、孔成形型。 A hole forming mold used when forming a concrete molded body, for forming holes in the concrete molded body,
A steel bar member extending in a predetermined direction, the steel bar member having an outer peripheral surface that is arc-shaped with respect to a predetermined center in a cross-sectional view, and including one or more arc portions extending in the predetermined direction, and one or more groove portions that are recessed in the cross-sectional view from an extended arc line of the outer peripheral surface of the arc portion and extend in the predetermined direction;
a number of slide members equal to the number of grooves, each slide member being capable of fitting into a corresponding groove and sliding in at least one of the predetermined directions relative to the steel bar member while fitted into the groove;
the outer peripheral surface of the arc portion includes a plurality of ridges extending parallel to one another along a circumferential direction or inclined in the circumferential direction,
The arc portions and the groove portions are alternately provided along the circumferential direction, and are configured such that, in the cross-sectional view, when the steel bar member is rotated in the circumferential direction by a predetermined angle, a side surface of the arc portion is positioned more inward in the circumferential direction than a side surface of the groove portion before rotation,
the slide member has an outer circumferential surface that coincides with the extension arc line or is positioned radially outward of the extension arc line in the cross-sectional view when fitted to the groove portion,
A hole forming die, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the slide member is parallel to the predetermined direction when the slide member is fitted in the groove portion, or moves away from the steel bar member as it moves toward one of the predetermined directions.
前記横断面視において、前記円弧部と前記溝部との境界は、前記径方向に延在し、
２つの前記円弧部において、径は互いに等しく、かつ中心角は互いに等しく、
２つの前記溝部の中心角は互いに等しい、請求項１に記載の孔成形型。 the number of the arc portions and the number of the groove portions are each two,
In the cross-sectional view, a boundary between the arc portion and the groove portion extends in the radial direction,
The two arcuate portions have equal diameters and equal central angles,
The hole-forming die according to claim 1 , wherein the central angles of the two grooves are equal to each other.
前記コンクリート成形体の外形を形成するための型枠、及び前記孔成形型を設置するステップと、
前記型枠内にコンクリートを打設するステップと、
前記型枠及び前記孔成形型を取り外すステップと
を備え、
前記取り外すステップは、
前記スライド部材を前記所定方向にスライドさせて、前記コンクリート成形体及び前記鋼棒部材から前記スライド部材を取り除くステップと、
前記鋼棒部材を前記周方向の前記一方に回転させ、前記スライド部材を取り除くことによって生じた空隙に前記円弧部を配置するステップと、
前記鋼棒部材を前記所定方向に移動させて、前記コンクリート成形体から前記鋼棒部材を取り除くステップと
を含む、方法。 A method for forming the hole in the concrete molded body using the hole forming mold according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
a step of installing a formwork for forming the outer shape of the concrete molded body and the hole forming mold;
pouring concrete into the formwork;
and removing the mold and the hole forming die;
The removing step includes:
Sliding the slide member in the predetermined direction to remove the slide member from the concrete molded body and the steel rod member;
rotating the steel rod member in one of the circumferential directions and arranging the arc portion in a gap created by removing the slide member;
and moving the steel rod member in the predetermined direction to remove the steel rod member from the concrete body.
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