JP7733331B2 - Vehicle seats - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to vehicle seats such as car seats, and more particularly to vehicle seats that improve the seating comfort of occupants during a rear-end collision.

In the event of a rear-end collision, where a vehicle collides with the rear end of another vehicle, such as when it is hit from behind or when it is reversing, the head of a seated occupant may tilt backward due to inertia, and the neck may be subjected to impact.

For this reason, vehicle seats are equipped with headrests above the seatback that support the occupant's head from behind, in order to protect the occupant's head and neck from the impact of a rear-end collision and reduce the impact on the neck. Furthermore, in order to effectively reduce the impact of a rear-end collision, it is desirable to quickly reduce the gap between the occupant's head and the headrest during a rear-end collision.

For this reason, a seatback has been proposed that is designed to move the occupant's upper body rearward during a rear-end collision, with the resulting load being received by a pressure-receiving member, which then moves the headrest forward, supporting the occupant's head and reducing the impact on the neck (Patent Document 1).

In addition, the seatback frame of the vehicle seat described in Patent Document 1 has left and right side frames connected at their lower parts by a plate-shaped lower frame (lower connecting member) and a shaft for supporting rotation of the reclining mechanism, which is located in front of this lower frame. Furthermore, as in Patent Document 2, the lower frame is not simply plate-shaped, but may have flanges extending forward at the upper and lower ends. In a normal seated position, these lower frames are positioned approximately vertically, and lean slightly forward relative to the upper part of the backrest (the part that the occupant's upper back rests against).

JP 2010-083269 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-067723

However, since the lower connecting member receives load from the occupant during a rear-end collision, it is desirable that it be fixed to the side frame with sufficient strength.

The present invention was made in light of the above background, and aims to secure the lower connecting member to the side frame with sufficient strength.

The vehicle seat of the present invention, which solves the above-mentioned problems, includes a seating frame, which is a frame of a seating portion on which an occupant sits, and a seatback frame supported by the seating frame.
The seatback frame includes side frames spaced apart from each other on the left and right, and a lower connecting member that is disposed between the lower portions of the left and right side frames and connects the left and right side frames.

The left and right side frames have side wall portions and inner extension portions that extend inward in the left-right direction from the rear ends of the side wall portions and are positioned apart from each other.

The lower connecting member has a front wall portion positioned on the occupant side and a rear wall portion connected to the rear of the front wall portion. The rear wall portion has a through-hole formed in it through which other components can be inserted. The through-hole overlaps with the front wall portion in the fore-and-aft direction.

This configuration allows the lower connecting member to be fixed to the side frame with sufficient strength.

Furthermore, in the vehicle seat described above, the front wall portion may extend away from the rear wall portion as it moves away from the connecting portion between the front wall portion and the rear wall portion.

Furthermore, in the vehicle seat described above, the seatback frame may be configured to be reclined relative to the seating frame, and a shaft connecting the left and right side frames may be disposed on the pivot axis of the seatback frame, with the shaft being positioned between the rear wall portion and the front wall portion.

Furthermore, in the vehicle seat described above, the shaft may be configured to be located at the widest point between the front wall and the rear wall.

Furthermore, the vehicle seat described above may be configured so that the tip of the rear wall portion is formed with a bent portion that slopes forward.

This invention allows the lower connecting member to be fixed to the side frame with sufficient strength.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vehicle seat. FIG. FIG. 10A and 10B are diagrams illustrating the angle of the front surface of the front wall portion. FIG. 10 is a rear view of the seat back frame showing the welded portion between the rear wall portion and the inner extension portion. FIG. 10 is a side cross-sectional view illustrating the mounting structure of the cover on the rear surface of the seat back. FIG. 4 is a side cross-sectional view showing the seat back frame in a normal state. FIG. 10 is a side cross-sectional view showing the seat back frame in a mild rear-end collision. FIG. 10 is a side cross-sectional view showing the seat back frame during a strong rear-end collision. FIG. 10 is a side cross-sectional view of a lower connecting member according to a modified example. 10 is a perspective view showing a modified example of the recess portion of the lower connecting member. FIG.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1, a vehicle seat S as an example of a vehicle seat of the present invention is configured to include a seat back S1, a seating portion S2, and a headrest S3. In this specification, the front, back, left, and right directions are based on an occupant seated in the vehicle seat S in a normal state with the seat back S1 upright (not reclined and facing up).

A seat frame F, as shown in Figure 2, is provided within a vehicle seat S. The seat frame F is composed of a seat back frame 1, which is the frame of the seat back S1, and a seat frame 2, which is the frame of the seating portion S2. The seat frame 2 and the seat back frame 1 are connected via a reclining mechanism 3 (detailed structure not shown). A cushion and upholstery are provided on the outside of the seat back frame 1 and the seat frame 2, and a cover 5 (see Figure 6), an example of a mounting member, is attached to the back surface with clips 51, an example of a fixing member, to form the seat back S1 and seating portion S2.

The seatback frame 1 is configured in a frame-like shape with side plates 10 arranged spaced apart on the left and right and extending vertically, an upper frame 21 connecting the upper ends of the side plates 10, and a lower connecting member 30 connecting the lower ends of the left and right side plates 10. The upper frame 21 is made by bending a metal pipe into a U-shape and has upper connecting portions 21A extending left and right, and connecting portions 21B extending downward from the left and right ends of the upper connecting portion 21A. The connecting portions 21B are connected to the upper ends of the side plates 10 by welding.

The side plate 10 consists of a lower member 12 made of sheet metal attached to the lower end, and an upper member 11 welded to the top of the lower member 12. The lower member 12 has a side wall portion 12A and an inner extension portion 13 that extends inward from the rear end of the side wall portion 12A.

As shown in Figure 5, the inner extension 13 has an inclined edge 13A that is inclined at an angle γ with respect to the vertical so that the inner end moves from the inside to the outside as it goes from top to bottom. This inclined edge 13A is the part where the lower connection member 30 and the inner extension 13 are welded, as described below. The inner extension 13 also has clip holes 13B, an example of an attachment hole, into which clips 51 are inserted to attach the cover 5 to the rear surface of the seat back S1.

Returning to Figure 2, the side frames SF of the seatback frame 1 are composed of side plates 10 and the connection portions 21B of the upper frame 21. A pressure-receiving member 40 made of plate-shaped resin is disposed between the left and right side frames SF, and the pressure-receiving member 40 is connected to the left and right side frames SF at two locations, top and bottom, via connecting wires (connecting members) 41 made of curved wires with spring properties. Specifically, the upper connecting wire 41 has its end engaged with a bracket 43 welded to the connection portion 21B, and the lower end of the lower connecting wire 41 is connected to a pivoting member 45 that can swing back and forth. The pivoting member 45 is fixed to the side plate 10 (upper member 11), and as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-179748, the lower end of the arm is normally positioned forward, but when a large rearward force is applied from the connecting wire 41, the lower end swings rearward, allowing the pressure-receiving member 40 to move rearward by a large distance.

The upper frame 21 is provided with a pillar support portion 23, and a headrest frame (not shown) is attached to the pillar support portion 23. The headrest S3 is formed by providing a cushion member on the outside of the headrest frame.

Next, the lower connection member 30 will be described in detail. The lower connection member 30 is positioned so that it spans between the lower parts of the left and right side frames SF. This prevents the seat frame F from collapsing in the left-right direction even when a lateral load is applied, and allows the lateral load to be transmitted to the center of the vehicle.

The lower connecting member 30 is made of sheet metal and, as shown in Figure 3, includes a front wall portion 31, a rear wall portion 32, an upper wall portion 33 that extends rearward from the upper end of the front wall portion 31 and connects the front wall portion 31 and the rear wall portion 32, a lower flange 34, and a folded flange 35.

The front wall portion 31 is located in front of the shaft 3S of the reclining mechanism 3. The shaft 3S is located on the rotation axis between the seat frame 2 and the seatback frame 1, and is provided to connect the left and right side frames SF to each other to support the rotation caused by the reclining mechanism 3. By positioning the front wall portion 31 of the lower connecting member 30 in front of the shaft 3S, the load applied from the occupant's buttocks and other parts of the body via the seatback cushion is not applied directly to the shaft 3S, but rather to the front wall portion 31, thereby reducing the impact that the occupant feels from the shaft 3S on their buttocks and other parts of the body.

As shown in FIG. 4(a), the front surface 31A of the front wall portion 31 is parallel to the extension direction (straight line L1) of the connection portion 21B in a side view or is angled upward relative to the extension direction. In the example of FIG. 4(a), the front surface 31A is angled upward relative to the straight line L1 at an angle α. The front wall portion 31 also is angled upward relative to the rear wall portion 32 at an angle β. This allows the front and rear wall portions 31 and 32 to be connected at their upper ends and have a downwardly open shape, ensuring a sufficient stroke for the front wall portion 31 to deform rearward in the event of a rear-end collision. Note that the connection portion 21B, which is a pipe that constitutes the side frame SF, is not straight in a side view. Instead, as shown in FIG. 4(b), it may be curved so that the upper portion is raised, or conversely, so that the upper portion is curved so that the lower portion is reclined. In such cases, the angle of the front surface 31A relative to the pipe (connection portion 21B) refers to the angle with respect to the direction in which the pipe is most upright.

The lower end of the front wall portion 31 extends below the lower end of the rear wall portion 32. This allows the front wall portion 31 to be larger, reducing the impact felt by the occupant against the lower connecting member 30, and the long length of the front wall portion 31 from its top to bottom makes it easier for the front wall portion 31 to deform rearward in the event of a rear-end collision.

The rear wall 32 is a wall connected to the side frame SF (inner extension 13) and serves to connect and support the lower connection member 30 to the side frame SF. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4( a), the rear surface of the rear wall 32 is aligned with the front surface of the inner extension 13. As shown in FIG. 5, the inner extension 13 and the rear wall 32 are welded together along the inclined edge 13A of the inner extension 13. Because the inclined edge 13A is inclined relative to the vertical direction, even if the heightwise overlap between the inclined edge 13A and the rear wall 32 is small, the weld length can be increased to maintain the required weld strength. The angle γ of the inclined edge 13A is preferably 20 degrees or greater. An angle γ of 20 degrees or greater increases the weld length. The angle γ is more preferably 30 degrees or greater, and even more preferably 40 degrees or greater. Furthermore, by setting the angle γ to 70 degrees or less, it is possible to prevent the inner extending portion 13 from forming an excessively acute angle.
Furthermore, because the rear wall portion 32 is fixed to the side frame SF, the rearward movement of the rear wall portion 32 is suppressed in the event of a rear-end collision, and the connecting portion between the front wall portion 31 and the rear wall portion 32 becomes more likely to deform, making it easier to control the rearward movement of the front wall portion 31.

As described above, the lower connecting member 30 of this embodiment has a front wall portion 31 and a rear wall portion 32 connected to the front wall portion 31. This increases rigidity against crushing in the lateral direction compared to a simple plate-shaped lower connecting member, and allows for efficient transmission of lateral loads to the center of the vehicle.

As shown in Figure 3, the upper wall portion 33 has a flat plate shape extending approximately in the front-to-rear direction. This allows the upper ends of the front wall portion 31 and the rear wall portion 32 to be separated appropriately in the front-to-rear direction, allowing for a large deformation stroke when the front wall portion 31 deforms rearward. Furthermore, the connecting portion between the front wall portion 31 and the upper wall portion 33 has a smooth, edgeless shape due to the natural R-shape created when bending between the upper wall portion 33 and the front wall portion 31.

The lower flange 34 is bent rearward from the lower end of the front wall 31 below the shaft 3S and extends rearward. The connecting portion between the front wall 31 and the lower flange 34 also has a smooth, edgeless shape due to the natural R-shape created when bending between the lower flange 34 and the front wall 31. The lower flange 34 is not connected to the rear wall 32, and as a result, the lower connecting member 30 does not have a closed cross-sectional shape. In this way, the lower flange 34 and the rear wall 32 are not connected, and a gap exists between them, making it easy for the front wall 31 to deform rearward.

The folded flange 35 is folded forward from the lower rear end of the lower flange 34, and the front end of the folded flange 35 is located rearward of the lower end of the front wall portion 31. By providing the lower connecting member 30 with the lower flange 34 and the folded flange 35, the cross-sectional area of the lower connecting member 30 is increased. This increases rigidity in the left-right direction and improves lateral load transmission. Furthermore, by positioning the front end of the folded flange 35 rearward of the lower end of the front wall portion 31 (the portion connecting the front wall portion 31 and the lower flange 34), the edge of the front end of the folded flange 35 does not strongly strike the seatback cushion during a rear-end collision, thereby reducing the impact felt by the occupant from the lower connecting member 30 and minimizing damage to the seatback cushion.

Through holes 38 are formed in two locations, left and right, on the rear wall 32 of the lower connecting member 30, specifically from the rear wall 32 to the upper wall 33. As shown in Figure 6, the through holes 38 function as escape holes to prevent the tips of the clips 51 from interfering with the rear wall 32 of the lower connecting member 30 when attaching the rear cover 5 to the clip holes 13B with the clips 51. For this reason, the through holes 38 are provided in positions corresponding to each clip hole 13B.

As shown in Figure 5, the lower connection member 30 does not reach the side wall portion 12A, and there is a small gap between it and the side wall portion 12A. However, if manufacturing errors in the lower connection member 30 or the lower connection member 30 climbing up onto the corners of the lower member 12 are not an issue, the lower connection member 30 may be configured so that both ends abut against the side wall portion 12A.

The operation of the vehicle seat S configured as above during a rear-end collision will now be described.
As shown in Fig. 7, before a rear-end collision occurs, the lower end of the rotating member 45 is in a position where it has swung forward, and the pressure-receiving member 40 is in the forwardmost position within its movable range. Although the rotating member 45 is not shown in Figs. 7 to 9, in the normal state shown in Fig. 7, the lower end of the rotating member 45 is in the forward position.

In the event of a relatively mild rear-end collision, as shown in Figure 8, the center of the seatback cushion 50 (the portion against which the occupant P's back rests) moves rearward, and the seatback cushion 50 pushes the pressure-receiving member 40 rearward, causing the pressure-receiving member 40 to move rearward. At this time, the lower end of the pivoting member 45 swings rearward. Furthermore, the inner surface of the lower portion of the seatback cushion 50 (the portion against which the occupant P's buttocks and other parts rests) comes into contact with the front surface 31A of the lower connecting member 30, causing some deformation. However, because the front surface 31A has a wide surface and is inclined slightly upward relative to the connecting portion 21B and the rear wall portion 32, the reaction force that the occupant P's buttocks and other parts receive from the lower connecting member 30 acts as a small pressure, and the impact that the occupant P receives from the lower connecting member 30 is soft. In addition, the connecting portion of the lower connecting member 30 between the front wall portion 31 and the upper wall portion 33 and the connecting portion of the front wall portion 31 and the lower flange 34 are gently curved, so the occupant P does not feel a strong impact from the lower connecting member 30. Furthermore, because the front end of the folded flange 35 is located rearward of the lower end of the front wall portion 31, the edge of the front end of the folded flange 35 does not strongly hit the inner surface of the seatback cushion 50, thereby preventing damage to the seatback cushion 50. In addition, because the front wall portion 31 is located forward of the shaft 3S, the seatback cushion 50 does not directly hit the shaft 3S. As a result, the occupant P does not feel a strong impact from the shaft 3S.

In the event of a relatively strong rear-end collision, as shown in FIG. 9 , the center of the seatback cushion 50 moves significantly rearward, and the pressure-receiving member 40 also moves significantly rearward as the connecting wire 41 elastically deforms. At this time, the seatback cushion 50 strongly impacts the front surface 31A of the lower connecting member 30, which bends and deforms at the connection between the front wall portion 31, including the upper wall portion 33, and the rear wall portion 32. Therefore, even if a strong force is applied to the seatback cushion 50 from the buttocks or other parts of the occupant P, the front wall portion 31 of the lower connecting member 30 moves rearward to absorb the impact, and the occupant P does not feel a strong impact on the buttocks or other parts of the occupant P. In particular, the vehicle seat S of this embodiment has a flat upper wall portion 33 extending substantially in the fore-and-aft direction between the front wall portion 31 and the rear wall portion 32, thereby ensuring space between the front wall portion 31 and the rear wall portion 32 and increasing the stroke of the rearward deformation of the front wall portion 31, i.e., the amount of impact absorption.

As in the case of a minor rear-end collision, the connecting portion of the lower connecting member 30 between the front wall portion 31 and the upper wall portion 33 and the connecting portion of the front wall portion 31 and the lower flange 34 are gently curved, making it less likely that the occupant P will feel a strong impact from the lower connecting member 30. Furthermore, because the front end of the folded flange 35 is located rearward of the lower end of the front wall portion 31, the edge of the front end of the folded flange 35 will not strongly impact the inner surface of the seatback cushion 50, thereby minimizing damage to the seatback cushion 50. Furthermore, because the front wall portion 31 is located forward of the shaft 3S, the seatback cushion 50 will not directly impact the shaft 3S, thereby mitigating the impact of the shaft 3S on the occupant P.

In addition, in the vehicle seat S of this embodiment, the lower connecting member 30 is not flat as in conventional models, but has a front wall portion 31 and a rear wall portion 32 connected to each other at the top. This improves overall rigidity against bending loads in the fore-and-aft direction. Therefore, in conventional models, during a rear-end collision, the center of the lower frame would bend backward relative to the side frames, forming a V-shape in plan view. This could also cause the side frames to deform (change orientation) with their front ends shifting inward to the left and right. However, in the vehicle seat S of this embodiment, this type of deformation is less likely to occur. In other words, while the lower connecting member 30 is prone to deformation, such that the front wall portion 31 approaches the rear wall portion 32, it is less likely to deform overall in a V-shape in plan view, thereby suppressing deformation of the side frames SF. Furthermore, because the lower connecting member 30 is positioned to span the left and right side frames SF, when a load is applied that tends to deform the side frames SF inward, the front wall portion 31 comes into contact with the inner surfaces of the side frames SF, thereby suppressing deformation of the side frames SF.

In addition, in the vehicle seat S of this embodiment, the lower connecting member 30 is positioned to span the left and right side frames SF, and the front wall portion 31, rear wall portion 32, upper wall portion 33, lower flange 34, and folded flange 35 provide a sufficient cross-sectional area. This prevents the vehicle seat S from colliding in the lateral direction when the vehicle is subjected to a side collision load and allows the lateral load to be transmitted to the center of the vehicle. In particular, the lower connecting member 30 is welded to the inner extension portion 13 of the side frame SF at the inclined edge portion 13A, allowing it to be fixed to the side frame SF with sufficient strength over a long weld length. This increases the rigidity of the seatback frame 1 and allows the lateral load to be transmitted efficiently to the center of the vehicle. In other words, the lateral rigidity of the vehicle seat S can be increased by increasing the weld length between the lower connecting member 30 and the inner extension portion 13 without increasing the vertical size of the lower connecting member 30.

In addition, in the vehicle seat S of this embodiment, the rear wall 32 of the lower connecting member 30 has a through hole 38 as a relief portion, which prevents interference between the clip 51 and the rear wall 32 when attaching the cover 5 to the back of the seat back S1, making assembly easier. In other words, even if there is some error in the size or shape of the rear wall 32, interference between the clip 51 and the rear wall 32 is avoided, making it easier to assemble the lower connecting member 30 and the side frame SF and to attach the clip 51 without having to pay excessive attention to this, making the work easier. Furthermore, because the relief portion is a through hole 38, when manufacturing the lower connecting member 30 made of sheet metal by press working, the relief portion can be easily formed by blank processing, making manufacturing easier.

The above describes an embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention can be modified and implemented as appropriate, as shown in the following other embodiments.

For example, in the above embodiment, the lower connecting member 30 has a flat upper wall portion 33, but the upper wall portion 33' connecting the front wall portion 31 and the rear wall portion 32 may have a shape that is bent at a single R, as shown in Figure 10.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the relief portion of the lower connecting member 30 was configured as a through hole 38, but as shown in Figure 11, it may also be configured as a recess 38'. By using a recess 38' instead of a through hole 38, the relief portion can be configured without reducing the strength of the rear wall portion 32, and interference between the clip 51 and the rear wall portion 32 can be avoided.

In the above embodiment, the front surface 31A of the front wall portion 31 was angled upward relative to the extension direction of the pipe of the connection portion 21B in a side view, but it may also be parallel to the extension direction of the pipe.

In the above embodiment, a pressure-receiving member 40 is provided to actively push the occupant P into the seat back S1 during a rear-end collision, but the present invention may also be applied to a seat that does not have a pressure-receiving member 40. However, if a pressure-receiving member 40 is present, the lower connecting member 30 and the occupant P are more likely to come closer together, so the present invention can be effectively used in such cases.

In the above embodiment, the inclined edge portion 13A of the inner extension portion 13 was inclined relative to the vertical direction so that the inner end portion went from inside to outside as it went from top to bottom. However, it may also be inclined relative to the vertical direction so that the inner end portion went from outside to inside as it went from top to bottom.

In the above embodiment, the pressure-receiving member 40 was supported on the side frame SF by a connecting wire 41, but it can also be supported on the side frame SF by other connecting members such as rubber or a belt.

In the above embodiment, a cover on the rear surface of a seat back was given as an example of a part to be attached, but other parts such as harnesses, switches operated from the rear seat, and pockets on the rear surface of the seat back can also be attached as parts to be attached. Furthermore, the mounting holes can be more than just holes; they can also be holes for threading tapping bolts or female threaded holes, and the fixing members can be bolts, tapping bolts, rivets, etc.

Furthermore, while the above embodiment shows a vehicle seat S as an example of an application of a vehicle seat, the vehicle seat of the present invention can also be applied to other vehicle seats, such as seats for ships and aircraft.

REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 seatback frame 2 seating frame 3 reclining mechanism 3S shaft 5 cover 10 side plate 11 upper member 12 lower member 12A side wall portion 13 inner extension portion 13A inclined edge portion 13B clip hole 21 upper frame 21A upper connecting portion 21B connection portion 23 pillar support portion 30 lower connecting member 31 front wall portion 31A front surface 32 rear wall portion 33 upper wall portion 33' upper wall portion 34 lower flange 35 folded flange 38 through hole 38' recess 40 pressure receiving member 50 seatback cushion 51 clip F seat frame S vehicle seat S1 seatback S2 seating portion S3 headrest SF side frame

Claims (10)

A seat back frame is a frame of a vehicle seat, and is supported by a seat frame, which is a frame of a seating portion on which an occupant sits,
The seat back frame includes side frames arranged spaced apart on the left and right sides, and a lower connection member arranged to bridge between lower parts of the left and right side frames and connect the left and right side frames,
the lower connecting member is made of sheet metal and includes: a front wall portion disposed on the occupant side and receiving a load from the occupant's buttocks in the event of a rear collision; a rear wall portion connected to the rear of the front wall portion and connected to the side frame; and a connecting portion connecting the front wall portion and the rear wall portion,
a front end of a front wall portion of the lower connecting member is located forward of a lower end of a pressure-receiving member disposed between the left and right side frames,
The left and right side frames each have a side wall portion and an inner extension portion extending inward in the left-right direction from the side wall portion,
the lower connection member and the inner extension portion are joined by a weld,
The rear wall portion is provided with a through hole,
The seat back frame is characterized in that an upper end of the through hole is positioned above a lower end of the welded portion . The seat back frame is connected to the seat frame via a reclining mechanism, and a shaft connecting the left and right side frames is disposed on a rotation axis of the seat back frame,
The seat back frame according to claim 1 , wherein the welded portion is provided above the shaft. 3. The seat back frame according to claim 1, wherein the inner extending portion has an inclined edge portion at an inner end portion thereof that is inclined with respect to the vertical direction. 4. The seat back frame according to claim 3, wherein the inclined edge portion is inclined relative to the vertical direction so as to go from the inside to the outside as it goes from top to bottom. The inner extension portion is provided with a mounting hole,
5. The seat back frame according to claim 1, wherein the mounting hole is provided at a position opposite the through hole of the lower connecting member. The mounting hole is adapted to receive a mounting part for mounting a part to the seat back,
6. The seat back frame according to claim 5, wherein a clearance portion for avoiding the tip of the mounting part is provided on a rear wall portion of the lower connecting member. 7. The seat back frame according to claim 1, wherein the front wall portion extends below the rear wall portion. 8. The seat back frame according to claim 1, wherein the front wall portion of the lower connecting member has a free end. 9. The seat back frame according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the lower connecting member are spaced apart from the side wall portions. a seat frame including the seat back frame according to any one of claims 1 to 9 and a seating frame that supports the seat back frame;
a cushion and a cover provided on the outside of the seat frame;
a cover attached to the seat frame.