JP7738843B2 - Lining concrete pouring device and lining concrete pouring method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a lining concrete pouring device and a lining concrete pouring method.

Conventionally, a concrete pouring device is known for constructing a tunnel lining by pouring concrete into the gap between the tunnel wall surface excavated by the NATM method and the lining formwork (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
In addition, as such a concrete pouring device, a manipulator-type pouring device is used in which multiple pouring ports are provided around the circumferential direction of the tunnel in the end formwork installed on the face side, and the pouring nozzle is automatically switched between these multiple pouring ports while pouring the concrete (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

JP 2018-105029 A Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2020-56196

However, the conventional concrete pouring device as disclosed in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 has the following problems.
That is, in the manipulator-type driving device described in Patent Document 1, the center of the structural part of the manipulator movable pipe is located in the left-right direction of the upper half cross section, and it is configured to move in the tunnel circumferential direction. As a result, the movable area of the manipulator movable pipe encroaches on the space of the continuous belt conveyor and air pipe that transports excavated muck outside the tunnel, and there is interference between the movable manipulator movable pipe and temporary underground facilities such as the continuous belt conveyor and air pipe, so there is a problem that the manipulator-type driving device cannot be installed structurally.

Furthermore, when conventional manipulator-type concrete driving devices are applied to, for example, upper half tricentric flat large-section tunnels, the perimeter of the formwork becomes long, making it structurally difficult to pour concrete into the top end.

Furthermore, when using a manipulator-type driving device, it is difficult to automate the cleaning of the driving pipe when switching to the driving port, and this is done manually, which is time-consuming and reduces work efficiency, so there is room for improvement in this regard.

The present invention was made in consideration of the above-mentioned problems, and aims to provide a lining concrete pouring device and a lining concrete pouring method that can be placed without interfering with underground temporary facilities, can be applied to tunnels with long circumferences, and can improve the work efficiency of cleaning the pouring pipe.

To achieve the above objective, the lining concrete pouring device of the present invention uses a lining formwork extending circumferentially around the tunnel wall and pours concrete into the pouring area between the tunnel wall and the lining formwork to construct a tunnel lining. It comprises a concrete pressure pipe arranged circumferentially around the lining formwork, a drainage pipe arranged circumferentially around the lining formwork along the concrete pressure pipe, a pouring pipe provided at each circumferential pouring opening in the lining formwork, detachably connected to a predetermined position on the concrete pressure pipe and connected to the pouring opening via a pouring nozzle, and a piping switching device that switches between a concrete pouring position where the pouring pipe and the concrete pressure pipe are connected and a drainage position where the pouring pipe and the drainage pipe are connected. At the concrete pouring position, the concrete pumped by the concrete pressure pipe is switched to the pouring pipe side.

The lining concrete pouring method of the present invention is a method of pouring concrete into the pouring area using the lining concrete pouring device described above, and includes the steps of: arranging the concrete pressure pipe and the drainage pipe along the circumferential direction of the lining formwork; arranging the piping switching device in the middle of the concrete pressure pipe near each of a plurality of pouring openings in the circumferential direction of the lining formwork; attaching pouring nozzles to the plurality of pouring openings, connecting the pouring pipes to the pouring nozzles, and placing the base ends of the pouring pipes near the piping switching device arranged near the pouring openings. the process of setting up the piping switching device corresponding to the concrete inlet to be poured at the concrete pouring position, connecting the concrete pressure pipe and the pouring pipe to send the concrete to the pouring inlet side, and pouring the concrete into the pouring area from the pouring nozzle; and after the pouring of the concrete is completed, setting the piping switching device at the drainage position, connecting the drainage pipe and the pouring pipe, and pouring water from the pouring inlet side of the pouring pipe and draining it through the drainage pipe to clean the inside of the pouring pipe, and the method is characterized in that the piping switching device is switched sequentially for each of the multiple pouring inlets.

In the present invention, a piping switching device is arranged along the concrete pressure pipe near each of the multiple casting ports around the circumferential direction of the lining formwork, and casting nozzles are attached to the multiple casting ports, and casting pipes are connected to the casting nozzles, with the base ends of the casting pipes located near the piping switching device arranged near the casting ports.The piping switching device corresponding to the casting port to be cast is set as the concrete casting position, and the concrete pressure pipe and casting pipe are connected to send the concrete to the casting port side, and the concrete can be cast into the casting area from the casting nozzle.
In this way, by installing a piping switching device midway along the concrete pressure pipe, the amount of pipe movement required for switching pipes can be reduced, eliminating the need to use a conventional manipulator-type driving device with a large range of movement for the entire circumferential area of the tunnel. This ensures sufficient space for temporary underground equipment, such as continuous belt conveyors and ventilation pipes, to pass through the lining formwork, and allows the placement of concrete pressure pipes and piping switching devices without interfering with the temporary underground equipment, making this system applicable to tunnels with long circumferences.

In addition, after the concrete has been poured, the piping switch can be set to the drain position to connect the drain pipe to the pouring pipe, and water can be pumped into the pouring opening of the pouring pipe and drained through the drain pipe. This allows the inside of the pouring pipe to be cleaned, improving the efficiency of cleaning the pouring pipe.
In this way, in the present invention, a piping switching device is provided and the piping switching device is controlled to switch appropriately between pouring concrete and cleaning, thereby making it possible to automatically construct the lining concrete.

Furthermore, the lining concrete pouring device of the present invention may be characterized in that the piping switching device is capable of switching the pouring pipe between the concrete pouring position and a retracted position other than the drainage position, and in the retracted position, the concrete pressure pipe is continuous downstream from the position where the pouring pipe is installed.

In this invention, by setting the piping switching device to the retracted position, the concrete pressure pipes located upstream and downstream of the piping switching device are connected, allowing concrete to be pressure-fed to the downstream side. In this way, simply by setting the piping switching device to the retracted position, it is easy to switch to the concrete pouring position using a piping switching device located downstream of this piping switching device.

In addition, in the lining concrete pouring device of the present invention, the concrete pressure pipe is divided into an upstream pressure pipe and a downstream pressure pipe, and the piping switching device comprises a first guide plate to which a first divided end of the upstream pressure pipe and one end of the drainage pipe are fixed, a second guide plate to which a second divided end of the downstream pressure pipe and a base end of the pouring pipe are fixed, a first sliding switching plate guided by the first guide plate and sliding in the plate surface direction in the tunnel axial direction, and a second sliding switching plate guided by the second guide plate and sliding in the plate surface direction in the tunnel axial direction, and the first sliding switching plate is configured to slide in the plate surface direction in the tunnel axial direction, and The apparatus may further include a first concrete pumping connecting pipe connectable to the first divided end of the upstream pumping pipe in the retracted position, and a drainage connecting pipe connectable to one end of the drainage pipe in the drainage position; the second sliding switch plate may include a switch connecting pipe connectable to the base end of the pouring pipe and the first concrete pumping connecting pipe in the concrete pouring position and to the base end of the pouring pipe and the drainage connecting pipe in the drainage position; and a second concrete pumping connecting pipe connectable to the first concrete pumping connecting pipe and the second divided end of the downstream pumping pipe in the retracted position.

In this case, when the piping switching device is in the concrete pouring position, the base end of the pouring pipe on the second sliding switch plate is connected to the first concrete pressure feed connecting pipe, allowing concrete to be poured from the pouring opening through the concrete pressure feed pipe. When the drainage position is reached, the switching connecting pipe is connected to the base end of the pouring pipe and the drainage connecting pipe, connecting the pouring pipe to the drainage pipe, allowing cleaning water used during concrete pouring to be drained from the drainage pipe. When the retracted position is reached, the second concrete pressure feed connecting pipe is connected to the first concrete pressure feed connecting pipe and the second divided end of the downstream pressure feed pipe, connecting the concrete pressure feed pipe located upstream and downstream of the piping switching device in the retracted position, allowing concrete to be pumped downstream through the concrete pressure feed pipe.

The lining concrete pouring device according to the present invention may also be characterized by being provided with a slide mechanism that moves each of the first and second slide switch plates, and a control unit that controls the slide mechanism so that the first and second slide switch plates are in the concrete pouring position and the drainage position.

In this invention, the control unit controls the slide mechanism and moves the first and second slide transition plates, making it easy to switch between the concrete pouring position and the drainage position.

In addition, the lining concrete pouring device of the present invention may be characterized in that the concrete pressure pipe is divided into an upstream pressure pipe and a downstream pressure pipe, and the piping switching device is equipped with a rotary switching body that rotates around the pipe axis of the concrete pressure pipe as the center of rotation to switch between the concrete pouring position and the drainage position, the rotary switching body having a cylindrical body and a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe arranged in the internal space of the cylindrical body, and at the concrete pouring position, the upstream pressure pipe is connected to the pouring pipe via the second connecting pipe, and at the drainage position, the second connecting pipe is connected to the upstream pressure pipe and the downstream pressure pipe, and the drainage pipe is connected to the pouring pipe via the first connecting pipe.

The lining concrete pouring device and lining concrete pouring method of the present invention can be installed without interfering with underground temporary facilities, and can also be applied to tunnels with long circumferences.
Furthermore, the lining concrete pouring device and lining concrete pouring method of the present invention can improve the work efficiency involved in cleaning the pouring pipe.

FIG. 1 is a front view of the state when concrete is being poured using a lining concrete pouring device according to a first embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the face side. FIG. 1 is a side view showing the state when concrete is poured using a lining concrete pouring device. FIG. 2 is a side view of the lining concrete pouring device. 4 is a view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3, showing the lining concrete pouring device from the wellhead side. FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the switching state of the lining concrete pouring device, illustrating the state when pouring concrete. This is a diagram showing the switching state of the lining concrete pouring device, and shows the state during pouring and cleaning of drainage pipes, etc. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the switching state of the lining concrete pouring device, illustrating the state when pouring concrete. 10A and 10B are simplified diagrams of a lining concrete pouring device according to a second embodiment, in which FIG. 10A shows the state during pouring, and FIG. 10B shows the state during cleaning. FIG. 11 is a front view of concrete being poured using a sliding or rotary driving device and a manipulator driving device according to the third embodiment, seen from the face side, and corresponds to FIG. 1. FIG. 10 is a side view showing concrete being driven using the manipulator-type driving device according to the third embodiment, and corresponds to FIG. 2 .

The following describes a lining concrete pouring device and a lining concrete pouring method according to an embodiment of the present invention, with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
As shown in Figure 1, the lining concrete pouring device 1 of this embodiment is a construction device that uses a lining formwork 8 extending circumferentially around a tunnel wall surface 10 and automatically pours concrete into a pouring area 10A between the tunnel wall surface 10 excavated by the NATM method and the lining formwork 8 to construct a tunnel lining concrete 11.

The tunnel cross section targeted in this embodiment is arch-shaped, and a lining is constructed on the inner surface of the arch on the base slab 12. The tunnel wall 10, onto which concrete is poured using the lining concrete pouring device 1, is provided with support such as shotcrete, rock bolts, and steel supports as needed, and a waterproof sheet (not shown) is installed over the entire surface.

The concrete to be poured can be, for example, a medium-flow lining concrete that has excellent fluidity and does not segregate.

Here, in the lining formwork 8 used for pouring concrete, the face side (also called the gable side) in the tunnel axis direction X1 along the longitudinal direction of the tunnel is the face part, and the mine entrance side (also called the existing lining side or lap side) is the mine entrance part.

The lining formwork 8 has an arch shape when viewed from the tunnel axial direction X1. The lining formwork 8 is provided at a predetermined length along the tunnel axial direction X1, and the lining concrete is constructed by moving the lining formwork 8 toward the tunnel face in parallel with excavation from a position rearward of the tunnel face (for example, a position 100 m rearward), and pouring concrete into the pouring area 10A between the lining formwork 8 and the tunnel wall surface 10. At this time, the lining formwork 8 is set at the next pouring location so as to overlap the face-side end of the inner surface of the existing lining concrete that was most recently poured, and concrete is poured. In other words, the lining formwork 8 is sequentially moved toward the tunnel face and poured, and the lining concrete 11 is constructed.
The lining formwork 8 is set so as to face the tunnel wall surface 10 at a fixed distance. A detachable end formwork 83 is provided at the face-side end of the lining formwork 8 to close the opening formed at this face-side end.

Like the lining formwork 8, the end formwork 83 extends in an arch shape along the tunnel circumferential direction X2, and is fixed to the tunnel face end of the lining formwork 8 after the lining formwork 8 has been set. With the end formwork 83 fixed to the lining formwork 8, the tunnel face end of the casting area 10A is held by the end formwork 83.

The lining formwork 8 is supported from the inner periphery by a platform 86 equipped with a self-propelled traveling device that can move freely on the tunnel base 12, and is configured so that it can selectively assume a casting set position and a form removal position relative to the platform 86. The inner surface of the face of the lining formwork 8 is provided with multiple (13 locations in Figure 1) casting openings 81 (locations indicated by the reference numeral 4 in Figure 1) spaced apart in the tunnel circumferential direction X2, to which casting pipes 4 (described below) can be connected. As shown in Figure 2, the casting openings 81 open toward the tunnel interior, connecting the tunnel interior to the casting area 10A. The casting openings 81 are spaced apart in the tunnel circumferential direction X2, for example, at intervals of 50 cm to 2 m, which is the concrete casting unit.

Multiple formwork vibrators (not shown) are provided at predetermined positions on the inner surface of the lining formwork 8. When in operation, the formwork vibrators vibrate the concrete poured into the pouring area 10A through the lining formwork 8. The formwork vibrators are provided at appropriate intervals along the tunnel circumferential direction X2 and the tunnel axial direction X1 of the lining formwork 8.

Pouring holes 81 are provided on the inner surface of the lining formwork 8 at predetermined intervals along the tunnel axis direction X1 and the tunnel circumferential direction X2. The pouring holes 81 are designed so that pouring nozzles 82 can be attached when pouring concrete.

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the lining concrete pouring device 1 comprises a concrete pressure pipe 2 arranged along the tunnel circumferential direction X2 of the lining formwork 8; a drainage pipe 3 arranged along the concrete pressure pipe 2 in the tunnel circumferential direction X2 of the lining formwork 8; a pouring pipe 4 provided for each pouring opening 81 in the tunnel circumferential direction X2 of the lining formwork 8, connected to the concrete pressure pipe 2 at a predetermined position and connected to the pouring opening 81 via a pouring nozzle 82; and a piping switching device 5 that switches between a concrete pouring position P1 (see Figure 5) where the pouring pipe 4 and concrete pressure pipe 2 are connected and a drainage position P2 (see Figure 6) where the pouring pipe 4 and drainage pipe 3 are connected.

As shown in Figure 2, the casting opening 81 is provided with an opening/closing shutter 84 that opens and closes the casting opening 81. The opening/closing shutter 84 opens and closes by rotating toward the tunnel interior. One end of a curved pipe 85 is fixed to the casting opening 81 with the opening/closing shutter 84 open. The casting nozzle 82 attached to the tip of the casting pipe 4 is detachably connected to the other end of the curved pipe 85. The opening/closing shutter 84 closes the casting opening 81 when the curved pipe 85 is removed together with the casting pipe 4 and the casting nozzle 82 after the concrete has been poured.

The casting opening 81 may be provided with a cleaning device (not shown) capable of spraying cleaning water to clean the casting pipe 4. By providing such a cleaning device, the casting opening 81, casting pipe 4, and casting nozzle 82 can be cleaned using the cleaning device after the casting nozzle 82 is detached after concrete is poured. The cleaning water used to clean the inside of the casting pipe 4 passes through the casting pipe 4 with the piping switching device 5 set to the drain position P2 and is drained from the drain pipe 3, as will be described in more detail below.

With the opening/closing shutter 84 open, the pouring nozzle 82 attached to the pouring pipe 4 is connected to the curved pipe 85, and then concrete is poured into the pouring area 10A through the pouring opening 81 to which the pouring pipe 4 is connected. Once the predetermined amount of concrete has been poured into the predetermined pouring opening 81, the pouring nozzle 82 is removed from the curved pipe 85, and the opening/closing shutter 84 is closed.

As shown in Figure 2, the concrete pressure pipe 2 extends in a generally arch-like shape in the tunnel circumferential direction X2 along the end form 83 of the lining formwork 8. Concrete is pumped into the concrete pressure pipe 2 by a concrete pump (not shown), and the concrete is piped from one end 83a (the lower left end in Figure 1) of the end form 83 in the tunnel circumferential direction X2 to the other end 83b (the lower right end in Figure 1). A piping switching device 5 is connected to each of the multiple pouring points D1, D2, ... D10 of the concrete pressure pipe 2 in the tunnel circumferential direction X2.

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the concrete pressure pipe 2 is divided into an upstream side and a downstream side by a piping switching device 5. In the following description, the concrete pressure pipe 2 located upstream of a given piping switching device 5 will be referred to as the upstream pressure pipe 2A, and the concrete pressure pipe 2 located downstream will be referred to as the downstream pressure pipe 2B. The upstream pressure pipe 2A and the downstream pressure pipe 2B are connectable to connecting pipes 52A and 54A provided in the piping switching device 5, which will be described later. When connecting pipes 52A and 54A are connected, concrete is pressure-fed from the upstream pressure pipe 2A to the downstream pressure pipe 2B through connecting pipes 52A and 54A.

As shown in Figure 1, the drainage pipe 3 extends in a roughly arched shape parallel to the concrete pressure pipe 2, which is arranged in the tunnel circumferential direction X2 along the end formwork 83 of the lining formwork 8. The end of the drainage pipe 3 is located near the other end 83b of the end formwork 83. The drainage pipe 3 is mainly used to drain the cleaning water from the pouring nozzle 82 and pouring pipe 4 after pouring concrete. When the end of the drainage pipe 3 is considered the upstream side, the downstream side of the drainage pipe 3 is either piped to drain into drainage equipment within the tunnel, or is designed to merge with a drainage pipeline (not shown) installed within the tunnel and be discharged outside the tunnel.

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the drainage pipe 3 is provided with branch drainage pipes 31 branching off at multiple driving locations D1, D2, ... D10 in the tunnel circumferential direction X2. The branch drainage pipe 31 is connectable to the drainage connecting pipe 52B and switching connecting pipe 54B (described below) of the piping switching device 5 at drainage position P2 (see Figure 6) when cleaning the inside of the driving pipe 4, and is connected to the driving pipe 4 via these drainage connecting pipes 52B and switching connecting pipe 54B. When the branch drainage pipe 31 is connected to the driving pipe 4 via the connecting pipes 52B and 54B at drainage position P2, residual concrete and cleaning water inside the driving pipe 4 are discharged from the driving pipe 4 through the connecting pipes 52B and 54B to the branch drainage pipe 31 and then to the outside of the tunnel via the drainage pipe 3.

The driving pipe 4 is installed so that its base end 4b is fixed to the second guide plate 53 (described later) of the piping switching device 5, and its tip 4a is connected to the driving port 81 via a driving nozzle 82, protruding further toward the face than the end formwork 83. The driving nozzle 82 is detachably connected to the tip 4a of the driving pipe 4 via a connecting pipe 41.

The piping switching device 5 is switchable between a concrete pouring position P1 shown in Figure 5, a drainage position P2 shown in Figure 6, and a retracted position P3 shown in Figure 7, which is a position different from the concrete pouring position P1 and the drainage position P2.
At the concrete pouring position P1, the concrete pumped through the concrete pumping pipe 2 is switched to the pouring pipe 4 side.
At the retracted position P3, the concrete pumping pipe 2 continues downstream from the position where the pouring pipe 4 is installed.

As shown in Figures 2 to 4, the piping switching device 5 is configured to include a first guide plate 51, a first sliding switch plate 52, a second sliding switch plate 54, and a second guide plate 53, arranged in this order from the upstream side to the downstream side of the concrete pressure pipe 2.

The first guide plate 51 fixes the first divided end 2a of the upstream pressure pipe 2A and one end of the drain pipe 3 (branch drain pipe 31).
The second guide plate 53 fixes the second divided end 2 b of the downstream pressure pipe 2 B and the base end 4 b of the driving pipe 4 .

The first sliding switch plate 52 is guided by the first guide plate 51 and slides in the plate surface direction in the tunnel axis direction X1. The first sliding switch plate 52 is equipped with a first concrete pressure transfer connecting pipe 52A that can be connected to the first divided end 2a of the upstream pressure transfer pipe 2A of the first guide plate 51 at the non-sliding position S10 (see Figure 3), which is the concrete pouring position P1 shown in Figure 5, and a drainage connecting pipe 52B that can be connected to one end 3a of the drainage pipe 3 (branch drainage pipe 31) of the first guide plate 51 at the drainage position P2 shown in Figure 6.

The second sliding switch plate 54 is guided by the second guide plate 53 and slides in the plate surface direction in the tunnel axis direction X1. As shown in FIG. 5, the second sliding switch plate 54 is equipped with a switch connecting pipe 54B that can be connected to the base end 4b of the pouring pipe 4 and the first concrete pressure-transfer connecting pipe 52A at slide position S21, which corresponds to the concrete pouring position P1, and that can be connected to the base end 4b of the pouring pipe 4 and the drainage connecting pipe 52B at drainage position P2, as shown in FIG. 6, and a second concrete pressure-transfer connecting pipe 54A that can be connected to the first concrete pressure-transfer connecting pipe 52A and the second divided end 2b of the downstream pressure-transfer pipe 2B at retracted position P3, as shown in FIG. 7.

The piping switching device 5 is provided with a sliding mechanism (not shown), such as a hydraulic jack, that moves the first sliding switch plate 52 and the second sliding switch plate 54. A control unit (not shown) is provided that controls the sliding mechanism so that the first sliding switch plate 52 and the second sliding switch plate 54 are in the concrete pouring position P1, the drainage position P2, and the retracted position P3, as well as in the non-sliding positions S10, S20, and the sliding positions S11, S21.

Next, a concrete pouring method for pouring concrete into the pouring area 10A using the concrete pouring device 1 for pouring concrete will be specifically described with reference to the drawings.
2, in the lining concrete pouring device 1, the concrete pressure pipe 2 and the drainage pipe 3 are arranged along the tunnel circumferential direction X2 of the lining formwork 8 as described above, and piping switching devices 5 are placed midway along the concrete pressure pipe 2 near each of a plurality of pouring ports 81 arranged in the tunnel circumferential direction X2 of the lining formwork 8. Furthermore, pouring nozzles 82 are attached to the plurality of pouring ports 81 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the lining formwork 8, and pouring pipes 4 are connected to these pouring nozzles 82.

First, the concrete pouring method will be described.
As shown in Figure 1, the lining formwork 8 is moved and positioned in the tunnel axial direction X1 to the position where concrete is to be poured. Next, a gable formwork 83 is fixed to the end of the lining formwork 8 on the face side. Then, a predetermined pouring opening 81 at the location where concrete is to be poured is opened by an opening/closing shutter 84.

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the piping switching device 5 in the vicinity of the predetermined pouring opening 81 is operated by the control unit to set the concrete pouring position P1.
Specifically, the first sliding switch plate 52 provided on the first guide plate 51 is not slid and remains in the non-sliding position S10. That is, in the first sliding switch plate 52, the first concrete pressure-transport connecting pipe 52A is connected to the upstream pressure-transport pipe 2A, and the drain connecting pipe 52B is not connected to the branch drain pipe 31 of the drain pipe 3.

Then, the second sliding switch plate 54 is slid sideways to connect the switching connecting pipe 54B to the joint at the base end 4b of the casting pipe 4, and the second concrete pressure-feeding connecting pipe 54A is disconnected from the first concrete pressure-feeding connecting pipe 52A. At this time, the downstream pressure-feeding pipe 2B, located downstream of the piping switching device 5, is disconnected from the second concrete pressure-feeding connecting pipe 54A, and concrete is no longer pumped from the upstream pressure-feeding pipe 2A to the downstream pressure-feeding pipe 2B. Furthermore, the upstream end of the switching connecting pipe 54B is connected to the first concrete pressure-feeding connecting pipe 52A. When the concrete casting position P1 is reached, preparations for pouring are complete, and the concrete pressure-feeding pump (not shown) is driven to pour concrete from the concrete pressure-feeding pipe 2 through the casting pipe 4 into the pouring opening 81.

The piping switching operation, which sets the piping switching device 5 to concrete pouring position P1, and the concrete pouring operation are performed by an operator inputting a pouring start command via the operation unit. The control unit, not shown, then begins the pouring process when it detects that a pouring start command has been input via the operation unit. That is, the control unit controls the piping switching device 5 to move to concrete pouring position P1, and after confirming that the device has switched to concrete pouring position P1, it automatically controls the concrete to be pumped from the concrete pressure pipe 2 and then poured from the pouring nozzle 82 through the pouring pipe 4 into the pouring area 10A on the back side of the lining formwork 8. The control unit then controls the pouring (pumping) of concrete to stop when a predetermined amount of concrete has been poured.

Since the casting pipe 4 fixed to the casting port 81 of the lining formwork 8 will move when the lining formwork 8 is set up and when it is removed, it is connected to the piping switching device 5 fixed to the frame of the lining formwork 8 using a casting connection pipe 41 shown in Figures 5 to 7, which can move only a few centimeters left and right and up and down.
During concrete pouring, a form vibrator is used to vibrate the concrete depending on the concrete pouring situation, thereby compacting it.

Next, we will explain in detail how the concrete pouring pipe 4 is cleaned after concrete pouring through the designated pouring opening 81 has been completed. First, once concrete pouring is complete, the pouring opening 81 is closed by the open/close shutter 84.

As shown in FIG. 6, the piping switching device 5 near the pouring opening 81 where concrete pouring has been completed is switched from the concrete pouring position P1 to the drainage position P2.
Specifically, the first sliding switch plate 52 is guided by the first guide plate 51 and slides laterally from the non-sliding position S10 to the sliding position S11. That is, at the first sliding switch plate 52, the drainage connecting pipe 52B is connected to the branch drainage pipe 31 of the drainage pipe 3, and the first concrete pressure-transfer connecting pipe 52A is not connected to the upstream pressure-transfer pipe 2A. Furthermore, the second sliding switch plate 54 remains in the sliding position S21. At this time, the first concrete pressure-transfer connecting pipe 52A and the second concrete pressure-transfer connecting pipe 54A are connected, but are not connected to the upstream pressure-transfer pipe 2A or the downstream pressure-transfer pipe 2B, and are therefore in a disconnected state. Furthermore, the downstream end of the switching connecting pipe 54B is connected to the driving pipe 4, and the upstream end is connected to the drainage connecting pipe 52B. This completes preparation for cleaning the driving pipe 4 when it reaches the drain position P2, and the inside of the driving pipe 4 is cleaned by sending water in from the tip 4a (on the driving opening 81 side) of the driving pipe 4 and draining it through the drain pipe 3.

The piping switching operation to set the piping switching device 5 to drain position P2 and the water supply operation are initiated by an operator inputting a cleaning start command via the operation unit. The control unit, not shown, then begins the cleaning process when it detects that a cleaning start command has been input via the operation unit. That is, the control unit controls the piping switching device 5 to set the piping switching device 5 to drain position P2, and after confirming that it has switched to drain position P2, automatically controls water to be supplied from a water supply pipe, not shown, into the driving pipe 4, and then drained through the driving pipe 4 via the switching connecting pipe 54B and the drain connecting pipe 52B to the drain pipe 3. When cleaning of the driving pipe 4 is complete, the control unit controls the water supply from the water supply pipe to stop.

Next, we will explain in detail the operation of switching the casting port when pouring concrete into the next casting port 81 after cleaning the casting pipe 4 after pouring concrete into a given casting port 81 has been completed.

As shown in FIG. 7, the piping switching device 5 near the driving port 81 for which cleaning has been completed is switched from the drain position P2 to the retracted position P3.
Specifically, the first sliding switchover plate 52 is guided by the first guide plate 51 and slides laterally from the sliding position S11 back to the non-sliding position S10. Then, the second sliding switchover plate 54 is guided by the second guide plate 53 and slides laterally from the sliding position S21 back to the non-sliding position S20. That is, at the first sliding switchover plate 52, the first concrete pressure transfer connecting pipe 52A is connected to the upstream pressure transfer pipe 2A, and the drain connecting pipe 52B is disconnected and separated from the branch drain pipe 31 of the drain pipe 3.

In addition, at the second sliding switch plate 54, the second concrete pressure feed connecting pipe 54A is connected to the first concrete pressure feed connecting pipe 52A and the downstream pressure feed pipe 2B, the drainage connecting pipe 52B is connected to the drainage pipe 3, and the pouring pipe 4 is disconnected. As a result, when the retracted position P3 is reached, the upstream pressure feed pipe 2A and the downstream pressure feed pipe 2B are connected by the pair of concrete pressure feed connecting pipes 52A, 54A, and concrete can be pressure fed downstream of the piping switching device 5.

As described above, the lining concrete pouring method involves sequentially switching between piping switching devices 5 arranged at intervals in the tunnel circumferential direction X2 along the concrete pumping pipe 2 for each of the multiple pouring openings 81, and each piping switching device 5 appropriately switches between the above-mentioned concrete pouring position P1, drainage position P2, and evacuation position P3.

In this embodiment, lining concrete pouring devices 1 are placed on both the left and right sides of the tunnel in the axial direction X1 when viewed from the tunnel face, and construction is carried out using the pouring method described above. At the tunnel top, concrete is poured by connecting a concrete pressure pipe directly to the pouring opening 81 without using the lining concrete pouring device 1 described above, but it is also possible to pour the concrete using the lining concrete pouring device 1.

Next, the operation of the lining concrete placing device and the lining concrete placing method described above will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
In this embodiment, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, piping switching devices 5 are arranged along the concrete pumping pipe 2 near each of a plurality of pouring ports 81 in the tunnel circumferential direction X2 of the lining formwork 8. Therefore, pouring nozzles 82 are attached to the plurality of pouring ports 81, and pouring pipes 4 are connected to the pouring nozzles 82. The base ends of the pouring pipes 4 are located near the piping switching devices 5 arranged near the pouring ports 81. The piping switching device 5 corresponding to the pouring port 81 to be poured is set as the concrete pouring position P1, and the concrete pumping pipe 2 and the pouring pipe 4 are connected to send the concrete toward the pouring port 81, and the concrete can be poured into the pouring area from the pouring nozzles 82.

In this way, in this embodiment, by installing the piping switching device 5 at a position midway along the concrete pressure pipe 2, the amount of piping movement when switching pipes can be reduced, eliminating the need to use a conventional manipulator-type driving device with a large range of movement over the entire area in the tunnel circumferential direction X2. As a result, sufficient space can be secured to allow temporary underground equipment such as continuous belt conveyors and air pipes to pass through the lining formwork 8, and the concrete pressure pipe 2 and piping switching device 5 can be positioned without interfering with the temporary underground equipment, making it applicable to tunnels with long circumferences.

In this embodiment, after concrete pouring is completed, the piping switching device 5 is set to the drain position P2 to connect the drain pipe 3 to the pouring pipe 4, and water is sent from the pouring opening 81 of the pouring pipe 4 and drained through the drain pipe 3. This allows the inside of the pouring pipe 4 to be cleaned, improving the efficiency of cleaning the pouring pipe 4.
In this way, in this embodiment, a piping switching device 5 is provided, and the piping switching device 5 is controlled to switch appropriately between pouring concrete and cleaning, thereby enabling automatic construction of the lining concrete.

In addition, in this embodiment, by setting the piping switching device 5 to the retracted position P3, the concrete pressure pipes 2 located upstream and downstream of the piping switching device 5 set to this retracted position P3 are connected, allowing concrete to be pressure-fed to the downstream side. In this way, simply by setting the piping switching device 5 to the retracted position P3, it is possible to easily switch to the concrete pouring position P1 using a piping switching device 5 located downstream of this piping switching device 5.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, in the piping switching device 5, by connecting the second sliding switching plate 54 at the concrete pouring position P1 to the base end of the pouring pipe 4 and the first connecting pipe, concrete can be poured from the concrete pressure pipe 2 through the pouring pipe 4 and the pouring port 81.
Then, at the drainage position P2, by connecting the base end of the pouring pipe 4 and the second and third connecting pipes, the pouring pipe 4 is connected to the drainage pipe 3, and the cleaning water that flows into the pouring pipe 4 used when pouring concrete can be drained from the drainage pipe 3.
In addition, by connecting a fourth connecting pipe to the second divided end of the first concrete pressure-transport connecting pipe 52A and the downstream pressure-transport pipe 2B at the retracted position P3, the concrete pressure-transport pipes 2 located upstream and downstream of the piping switching device 5 at this retracted position P3 become connected, and concrete can be pressure-transported downstream through the concrete pressure-transport pipe 2.

In addition, in this embodiment, the control unit controls the slide mechanism and moves the first slide switch plate 52 and the second slide switch plate 54, making it easy to switch between the concrete pouring position P1 and the drainage position P2.

As described above, the lining concrete pouring device 1 and lining concrete pouring method according to this embodiment can be installed without interfering with temporary underground facilities such as continuous belt conveyors and air pipes, can be applied to tunnels with long circumferences, and can improve the work efficiency of cleaning the pouring pipe 4.

Second Embodiment
8(a) and 8(b), the piping switching device 5A of the second embodiment is configured to include a rotation switching body 55 that rotates (in the direction of arrow E) around the pipe axis of the concrete pumping pipe 2. Here, FIGS. 8(a) and 8(b) are diagrams showing the state in which the piping is switched by rotating the rotation switching body 55 counterclockwise by 180 degrees on the paper.

The piping switching device 5A includes the above-mentioned rotary switching body 55, a lower plate 58 provided at the upstream end of the rotary switching body 55 (lower side of the paper in Figures 8(a) and 8(b)), and an upper plate 59 provided at the downstream end of the rotary switching body 55 (upper side of the paper in Figures 8(a) and 8(b)).

The rotation switching body 55 has a cylindrical body 551, and a first connecting pipe 56 and a second connecting pipe 57 arranged in the internal space of the cylindrical body 551. The rotation switching body 55 is arranged such that the cylindrical axis direction of the cylindrical body 551 faces the tunnel circumferential direction X2.
The first connecting pipe 56 is an oblique pipe that extends radially outward from the first center O1 from upstream to downstream. The second connecting pipe 57 has an axial direction parallel to the cylindrical axis.

The first center O1 of the lower plate 58 and the second center O2 of the upper plate 59 are located on the same line. The lower plate 58 has a concrete pumping port 58A located at the first center O1 and a drainage port 58B located eccentrically from the first center O1. The upper plate 59 has a first connection port 59A located eccentrically from the second center O2 and a second connection port 59B located symmetrically across the second center O2 and penetrating the upper plate 59. The distances from the second center O2 of the first connection port 59A and the second connection port 59B of the upper plate 59 to the first center O1 match the distance from the first center O1 of the drainage port 58B of the lower plate 58.

Figure 8(a) shows the concrete pouring position P1 where the concrete pressure pipe 2 is connected to the pouring pipe 4. Figure 8(b) shows the drainage position P2 where the concrete pressure pipe 2 is disconnected from the pouring pipe 4, the upstream pressure pipe 2A is connected to the downstream pressure pipe 2B, and the drainage pipe 3 is connected to the pouring pipe 4. The concrete pressure port 58A is connected to the upstream pressure pipe 2A. The drainage port 58B is connected to the drainage pipe 3 (branch drainage pipe 31). The first connection port 59A is connected to the pouring pipe 4. The second connection port 59B is connected to the downstream pressure pipe 2B.

As shown in Figure 8(a), at concrete pouring position P1, the downstream end 56b of the first connecting pipe 56 is connected to the downstream pressure pipe 2B via the second connection port 59B, the upstream end 57a of the second connecting pipe 57 is connected to the upstream pressure pipe 2A via the drain port 58B, and the downstream end 57b is connected to the pouring pipe 4 via the first connection port 59A. At concrete pouring position P1, the upstream pressure pipe 2A and the pouring pipe 4 are connected by the second connecting pipe 57, allowing concrete to be poured, and the upstream pressure pipe 2A and the downstream pressure pipe 2B are disconnected.

8(b), at the drainage position P2, the upstream end 56a of the first connecting pipe 56 is connected to the drainage pipe 3 (branch drainage pipe 31) via the drainage port 58B, and the downstream end 56b is connected to the casting pipe 4 via the second connection port 59B. The upstream end 57a of the second connecting pipe 57 is connected to the upstream pressure pipe 2A via the concrete pressure port 58A, and the downstream end 57b is connected to the downstream pressure pipe 2B via the second connection port 59B. At the drainage position P2, the upstream pressure pipe 2A and the downstream pressure pipe 2B are connected by the second connecting pipe 57, and concrete is pumped downstream through the piping switching device 5A (retracted position P3). The drainage pipe 3 (branch drainage pipe 31) and the casting pipe 4 are connected by the first connecting pipe 56, and flushing water flowing through the casting pipe 4 flows to the drainage pipe 3. That is, in the piping switching device 5A according to the second embodiment, when it is in the drainage position P2, it is also in the retracted position P3 at the same time.
The piping switching device 5A can be switched to a drainage position P2 and a retracted position P3 by rotating the rotary switching body 55 180 degrees from the concrete pouring position P1 around the centers O1 and O2.

The piping switching device 5A according to the second embodiment can have a simpler structure than the sliding piping switching device 5 of the first embodiment described above. Furthermore, while the sliding piping switching device 5 of the first embodiment described above requires two switching operations to switch between the concrete pouring position P1, the drainage position P2, and the retracted position P3, the rotary piping switching device 5A of the second embodiment only requires one switching operation between the concrete pouring position P1, which is the first rotation position, and the drainage position P2 and the retracted position P3, which are the second rotation positions, thereby improving the efficiency of pouring operations.

(Third embodiment)
As shown in Figure 9, the third embodiment is an example of combining a lining concrete pouring device 1 equipped with multiple sliding piping switching devices 5 of the first embodiment described above with a manipulator-type lining concrete pouring device (manipulator-type pouring device 9).

As shown in Figures 9 and 10, the manipulator-type driving device 9 is equipped with a driving nozzle 91 that can be attached and detached to the driving port 81 via a driving pipe 90, a guide rail 92 that is positioned closer to the tunnel face than the base 86 of the lining formwork 8 and extends along the tunnel circumferential direction X2, a nozzle moving device 93 that is equipped with the driving nozzle 91 and guided by the guide rail 92, and a control unit (not shown) that detects the concrete pouring status and switches the connection position of the driving nozzle 91 to the multiple driving ports 81.

As shown in Figure 10, the casting nozzle 91 is mounted on a nozzle movement device 93, and the base end 91b of the casting nozzle 91 is connected to a movable pipe 94 that is connected to a concrete pressure pump (not shown). The tip end 91a of the casting nozzle 91 is removably inserted into the insertion port of the casting pipe 90.

The movable pipe 94 is a multi-joint pipe connected by multiple joints and is equipped with a pipe switching device 95. The movable pipe 94 is installed so as to be fixed to the lining formwork 8 after the lining formwork 8 is installed at the position in the tunnel axis direction X1 where concrete is to be poured. Specifically, one end of the movable pipe 94 is connected to the base end 91b of the pouring nozzle 91 mounted on the nozzle movement device 93, and the other end is connected to the pipe switching device 95. One movable pipe 94 is installed on each side when viewed from the tunnel face side.

The pipe switching device 95 switches to one of the movable pipes arranged by a plurality of joints based on a control signal from the control unit, and discharges concrete.
The joints of the movable pipes 94 are hydraulically controlled based on control instructions output from the control unit, thereby controlling the posture of each joint. When the movable pipes 94 are driven, each nozzle movement device 93 moves along the outer circumferential surface of the guide rail 92 in the tunnel circumferential direction X2. This allows the casting nozzle 91 to move to the vicinity of any of the multiple casting ports 81, allowing the position where the concrete is to be cast to be changed.

The guide rail 92 is installed along the tunnel circumferential direction X2 on the face side of the lining formwork 8. The guide rail 92 is fixed to and supported on the face side of the platform 86 that supports the lining formwork 8. The guide rail 92 moves the nozzle movement device 93 in the tunnel circumferential direction X2.

The nozzle movement device 93 can move the casting nozzle 91 along the guide rail 92, allowing concrete to be poured in the pouring area. The nozzle movement device 93 also has a front-to-rear sliding section that attaches and detaches the casting nozzle 91 to and from the insertion opening of the casting pipe 90. This front-to-rear sliding section moves the casting nozzle 91 so that it extends in the tunnel axis direction X1 (front-to-rear direction) of the nozzle movement device 93.

The above describes embodiments of the lining concrete pouring device and lining concrete pouring method according to the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and can be modified as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention.

For example, in the first embodiment described above, the piping switching device 5 is configured with a sliding first sliding switching plate 52 and a second sliding switching plate 54, but this configuration is not limited to this. Essentially, any piping switching device can be used as long as it can switch between either the concrete pouring position P1, where the pouring pipe 4 and concrete pumping pipe 2 are connected, or the drainage position P2, where the pouring pipe 4 and drainage pipe 3 are connected, and is not limited to a sliding type like the rotary type of the second embodiment described above.

In addition, in this embodiment, a control unit is provided to control the sliding mechanism so that the first sliding switch plate 52 and the second sliding switch plate 54 are in the concrete pouring position P1 and the drainage position P2. However, this is not limited to control using such a control unit, and the concrete pouring position P1 and the drainage position P2 may also be switched by manual operation.

In addition, in the above-described embodiment, a configuration in which the lining concrete pouring device 1 is installed on the tunnel face side (end side) has been described as an example, but the lining concrete pouring device 1 may also be installed on the overlap side (entrance side) depending on the gradient of the tunnel, for example.

In addition, it is possible to replace the components in the above-described embodiments with well-known components as appropriate, without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Lining concrete pouring device 2 Concrete pressure pipe 2A Upstream pressure pipe 2B Downstream pressure pipe 3 Drainage pipe 4 Driving pipe 5, 5A Piping switching device 8 Lining formwork 9 Manipulator-type pouring device 10 Tunnel wall 10A Driving area 31 Branch drainage pipe 51 First guide plate 52 First slide switching plate 52A First concrete pressure feed connecting pipe 52B Drainage connecting pipe 53 Second guide plate 54 Second slide switching plate 54A Second concrete pressure feed connecting pipe 54B Switching connecting pipe 55 Rotation switching body 56 First connecting pipe 57 Second connecting pipe 58 Lower plate 59 Upper plate 81 Pouring port 82 Driving nozzle P1 Concrete pouring position P2 Drainage position P3 Retracted position S10, S20 Non-sliding position S11, S21 Slide position X1 Tunnel axial direction X2 Tunnel circumferential direction

Claims (6)

A lining concrete pouring device for constructing a tunnel lining by pouring concrete into a pouring area between a tunnel wall surface and the lining formwork, using a lining formwork extending in the circumferential direction of the tunnel wall surface,
A concrete pressure pipe disposed along the circumferential direction of the lining formwork;
A drainage pipe arranged along the circumferential direction of the lining formwork along the concrete pressure pipe;
a driving pipe provided for each circumferential driving port in the lining formwork, detachably connected at a predetermined position of the concrete pressure pipe, and connected to the driving port via a driving nozzle;
A piping switching device that switches between a concrete pouring position where the pouring pipe and the concrete pressure pipe are connected and a drainage position where the pouring pipe and the drainage pipe are connected;
Equipped with
A lining concrete pouring device characterized in that, at the concrete pouring position, the concrete pumped by the concrete pumping pipe is switched to the pouring pipe side. The piping switching device is provided so as to be able to switch the pouring pipe between the concrete pouring position and a retracted position other than the drainage position,
2. The lining concrete pouring device according to claim 1, wherein, in the retracted position, the concrete pressure pipe is continuous downstream from the position where the pouring pipe is provided. The concrete pressure pipe is divided into an upstream pressure pipe and a downstream pressure pipe,
The piping switching device is
a first guide plate to which a first divided end of the upstream pressure pipe and one end of the drain pipe are fixed;
a second guide plate to which a second divided end of the downstream pressure pipe and a base end of the driving pipe are fixed;
a first slide switching plate that is guided by the first guide plate and slides in the plate surface direction in the tunnel axial direction;
a second slide switching plate that is guided by the second guide plate and slides in the plate surface direction in the tunnel axial direction,
the first sliding transition plate includes a first concrete pressure-feeding connecting pipe connectable to the first divided end of the upstream pressure pipe at the concrete pouring position, and a drainage connecting pipe connectable to one end of the drainage pipe at the drainage position;
The lining concrete pouring device of claim 2, characterized in that the second sliding switching plate is provided with a switching connecting pipe that can be connected to the base end of the pouring pipe and the first concrete pumping connecting pipe at the concrete pouring position and to the base end of the pouring pipe and the drainage connecting pipe at the drainage position, and a second concrete pumping connecting pipe that can be connected to the first concrete pumping connecting pipe and the second divided end of the downstream pumping pipe at the retracted position. a slide mechanism for moving the first slide transition plate and the second slide transition plate,
The lining concrete pouring device according to claim 3, characterized in that a control unit is provided that controls the slide mechanism so that the first slide switching plate and the second slide switching plate are in the concrete pouring position and the drainage position. The concrete pressure pipe is divided into an upstream pressure pipe and a downstream pressure pipe,
the piping switching device includes a rotary switching body that rotates around the pipe axis of the concrete pressure pipe to switch between the concrete pouring position and the drainage position,
the rotation switching body includes a cylindrical body, and a first connecting pipe and a second connecting pipe disposed in an internal space of the cylindrical body,
At the concrete pouring position, the upstream pressure pipe is connected to the pouring pipe via the second connecting pipe;
A lining concrete pouring device as described in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, at the drainage position, the second connecting pipe is connected to the upstream pressure pipe and the downstream pressure pipe, and the drainage pipe is connected to the pouring pipe via the first connecting pipe. A lining concrete placing method for placing concrete into the placing area using the lining concrete placing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
a step of disposing the concrete pressure pipe and the drainage pipe along the circumferential direction of the lining formwork;
a step of disposing the piping switching device in the vicinity of each of a plurality of pouring ports in the circumferential direction of the lining formwork in the middle of the concrete pressure pipe;
a step of attaching driving nozzles to the plurality of driving ports, connecting the driving pipes to the driving nozzles, and providing a base end of the driving pipe near the piping switching device disposed near the driving ports;
a step of connecting the concrete pressure pipe and the concrete pouring pipe to send concrete to the pouring port side by setting the piping switching device corresponding to the pouring port to a concrete pouring position, and pouring concrete into the pouring area from the pouring nozzle;
After the concrete has been poured, the piping switching device is set to the drain position, the drain pipe and the pouring pipe are connected, and water is pumped into the pouring opening of the pouring pipe and drained through the drain pipe to clean the inside of the pouring pipe.
and
A lining concrete pouring method characterized by switching the piping switching device sequentially for each of the plurality of pouring openings and pouring concrete.