JP7742743B2 - Building flood prevention structure - Google Patents

Description

This invention relates to a building flood prevention structure that can prevent water from entering a building due to flooding around the building.

Patent Document 1 discloses a thermal insulation structure for a building. This thermal insulation structure for a building includes a perimeter foundation that supports the building and rises above the ground, a foundation packing installed on the perimeter foundation, and a base installed on the foundation packing. The thermal insulation structure includes a foundation insulation covering the outdoor or indoor side of the perimeter foundation, a packing insulation covering the outdoor or indoor side of the foundation packing and positioned across the perimeter foundation and the foundation insulation, and a pressing member fixed to the outdoor or indoor side of the base with a fixing member and pressing the packing insulation against the perimeter foundation and the foundation insulation. In this thermal insulation structure for a building, the vertical furring strips are fixed to the studs with nails or the like, with a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet sandwiched between them and the outdoor side of the insulating face material.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-165448

However, with the above-mentioned conventional structure, there is a possibility that water may seep in from the bottom of the exterior wall insulation if the area around the building is flooded due to inland flooding or other reasons.

This invention provides a building flood prevention structure that can prevent water from seeping in from the bottom of insulating facing materials such as exterior wall insulation when flooding occurs around a building due to inland flooding or other causes.

The building flood prevention structure of this invention comprises:
The foundations of the building and
a base fixed on the foundation;
A plurality of pillars fixed on the base;
A plurality of heat insulating face materials arranged on the outdoor side of the plurality of columns or between the columns;
A plurality of waterproof sheets attached to the outdoor surface of the heat insulating facing material;
An outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant is applied to the outdoor side of the joint between adjacent waterproof sheets and to the lower edge area of the waterproof sheet, and the lower area is also applied to the top edge of the foundation;
a base flashing covering a lower area of the exterior elastic adhesive sealant on the top edge of the foundation;
The present invention is characterized by comprising:

With the above configuration, even if the level of flooding around the building due to inland flooding or other reasons rises above the height of the cross beams, the multiple waterproof sheets affixed to the exterior surface of the insulating face material can prevent water from entering the building from the insulating face material side. Furthermore, the lower region of the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant on the top edge of the foundation can also prevent water from seeping in through a path leading to the base side. Furthermore, the lower region prevents water from seeping in through a path from the top edge of the foundation to the bottom edge of the waterproof sheet, so water seeping in from the bottom edge of the waterproof sheet can also be prevented. Furthermore, the foundation drainage prevents the lower region of the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant from detracting from the aesthetic appearance of the building's exterior.

The lower region of the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant may extend to the upper side of the foundation's rising surface. This can also prevent water seepage from the upper side of the foundation's rising surface.

In the building flood prevention structure, the waterproof sheet may be attached to the insulating face material using an indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant applied to the side edge and lower side of the insulating face material. This allows the indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant to seal the area in question and simultaneously attach the waterproof sheet to the outdoor surface of the insulating face material. Furthermore, even if poor adhesion of the waterproof sheet due to the indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant occurs at the joints between adjacent waterproof sheets, for example, the poor adhesion can be properly recoated and sealed with the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant.

In the building flood prevention structure, a horizontal beam is fixed to the outdoor side of the foundation,
the heat insulating face material is an exterior wall heat insulating material arranged on the horizontal beam across the outdoor side of the plurality of columns,
The indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant is also applied to the outdoor surface of the horizontal rail,
The waterproof sheet may also be attached to the exterior surface of the cross rail.

The elastic adhesive sealant is applied up to a predetermined height, which is the expected flood height, and any height above this predetermined height may be waterproofed against rain. This prevents excessive use of the elastic adhesive sealant, etc.

In the above-mentioned building flood prevention structure,
A vertical furring strip arranged on the outdoor side of the waterproof sheet;
An adhesive water-stopping layer portion located between the vertical furring strip and the waterproof sheet;
Screws that penetrate the vertical furring strips, the adhesive water-stopping layer portion, and the waterproof sheet to fix the vertical furring strips to the base and the pillars;
According to this, the adhesive water blocking layer portion adhering to the surface of the screw can prevent water from entering through a gap between the surface of the screw and the hole made by the screw.

Alternatively, in the above-mentioned building flood prevention structure,
an exterior wall fastener arranged on the outdoor side of the waterproof sheet;
an adhesive water stopping layer portion located between the exterior wall fastener and the waterproof sheet;
screws that penetrate the exterior wall fasteners, the adhesive water-stopping layer, and the waterproof sheet to fix the exterior wall fasteners to the base and the pillars;
Equipped with

This invention has the effect of preventing water from seeping in from the bottom of insulating facing materials such as exterior wall insulation when the area around a building is flooded due to inland flooding or other causes.

1A and 1B are diagrams showing a building flood prevention structure according to an embodiment, in which FIG. 1A is a schematic vertical cross-sectional view, and FIG. 1B is a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view. 2 is a perspective view showing a manufacturing process of a corner portion of a building having the building flood prevention structure of FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a post-process step of FIG. 2; FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a post-process step of FIG. 3; FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a post-process step of FIG. 4 . FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a process subsequent to that shown in FIG. 5; FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a process subsequent to that shown in FIG. 6; FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a post-process step of FIG. 7; FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing a post-process step of FIG. 8; FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a post-process step of FIG. 9 . FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a post-process step of FIG. 10 . FIG. 12 is a perspective view showing a post-process step of FIG. 11 . FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a post-process step of FIG. 12 . FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a post-process step of FIG. 13 . FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing a post-process step of FIG. 14 . This is a diagram showing another embodiment of a building flood prevention structure, and is a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view of a structure that supports exterior wall surface materials without using vertical furring strips.

Hereinafter, an embodiment according to one aspect of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1A shows a schematic vertical cross section of a corner of a building having a building flood prevention structure 1 according to an embodiment, and FIG. 1B shows a schematic horizontal cross section of the corner. In these figures, the thickness of the components and the spacing between the components may differ from the actual values in order to make the component configuration easier to understand.

The building flood prevention structure 1 has a foundation 11 and a wooden base 12 fixed onto the foundation 11. Furthermore, multiple rows of water-stopping materials 13 are provided between the top of the foundation 11 and the base 12, and a moisture-proof sheet 14 is laid on top of the water-stopping materials 13 to cover the top of the foundation 11. The moisture-proof sheet 14 and water-stopping materials 13 are primarily intended to prevent moisture from the concrete of the foundation 11 from transferring to the base 12, and do not provide a very high level of waterproofing against flooding. The top of the foundation 11 may be made of a leveler.

A number of pillars 2 are fixed at predetermined intervals on the base 12. In addition, partition studs 2A are provided between the pillars 2, and insulating material such as glass wool is provided between the pillars 2 and the partition studs 2A. A horizontal crosspiece 21 made of wood is placed on the outdoor side of the base 12, on the top edge of the foundation 11, and this horizontal crosspiece 21 is fixed to the base 12 with screws or the like. Furthermore, a wall plywood packing 22 is fixed to the outdoor side of the pillar 2 with screws or the like.

On the outdoor side of the pillars 2 (in this embodiment, on the outdoor side of the wall plywood packing 22), multiple sheets of exterior wall insulation material 31 (for example, Styrofoam product name: 30 mm thick) made of foam plastic material or the like that make up the exterior wall section 3 are arranged. The exterior wall insulation material 31 is arranged in a row on the cross beams 21 across the outdoor sides of the multiple pillars 2.

An indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 is applied so as to seal the outdoor side of the joints (horizontal edge side) between adjacent pieces of exterior wall insulation 31, and so as to extend from the outdoor surface of the lower part of the exterior wall insulation 31 to the outdoor surface of the horizontal rail 21. The indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 functions as an amorphous waterproofing agent, and has adhesive properties and a certain degree of elasticity even after drying. Examples of the indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 include a one-component modified silicone resin-based elastic adhesive (such as MPX-1 manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd.), or a caulking agent with adhesive properties and elasticity (elastic recovery rate) equivalent to those of this elastic adhesive.

Then, multiple moisture-permeable waterproof sheets (sometimes simply referred to as waterproof sheets) 32 are attached to the exterior surfaces of the exterior wall insulation 31 and cross bars 21 using the indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 applied as described above. That is, the lower parts of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheets 32 are adhered from the lower parts of the exterior wall insulation 31 to the cross bars 21 using the indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41. The left and right edges of adjacent moisture-permeable waterproof sheets 32 overlap slightly. The moisture-permeable waterproof sheets 32 are adhered to the exterior wall insulation 31 with the indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 within a predetermined height. This predetermined height is the expected flood height, and is, for example, 800 mm or less above ground level. The outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42, described below, is also applied up to the predetermined height, and any heights above the predetermined height may be waterproofed against general rain.

An outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42 is applied to the outdoor side of the joints between adjacent vapor-permeable waterproof sheets 32 and to the area extending from the lower edge of the vapor-permeable waterproof sheets 32 to the outdoor surface of the horizontal rail 21. Examples of the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42 include a one-component modified silicone resin-based elastic adhesive (e.g., MPX-1 manufactured by Konishi Co., Ltd.) or a caulking agent with adhesive properties and elasticity (elastic recovery rate) equivalent to that of the elastic adhesive. The indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 and the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42 do not need to be identical products from the same manufacturer, but they should be similar enough to be interchangeable. It is desirable for the indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 and the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42 to have a 50% modulus value of 0.2 N/ ^mm² or less (low modulus).

In addition, waterproof sheets 32A, rather than breathable waterproof sheets 32, are attached to the outdoor surfaces of the exterior wall insulation 31 located at the corners.

Vertical furring strips (vertical furring strips) 34 are positioned on the exterior side of the waterproof sheets 32, 32A, and each vertical furring strip 34 is fixed to the base 12 and pillars 2 with screws 51. The lower ends of the vertical furring strips 34 are located below the lower end of the exterior wall insulation 31. An adhesive water-stopping layer 33 (e.g., self-fusing tape (butyl rubber tape, etc.)) with adhesive and water-stopping properties is positioned between the vertical furring strips 34 and the waterproof sheets 32, 32A. The lower end of the adhesive water-stopping layer 33 is located below the lower end of the exterior wall insulation 31. The tip of the screw 51 penetrates the vertical furring strips 34, adhesive water-stopping layer 33, moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 32, and exterior wall insulation 31 to reach the base 12. Support brackets (not shown) are fixed to the vertical furring strips 34, and these support brackets support the exterior wall surface material 35.

The lower region of the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42 extends to the top edge of the foundation 11 and is also extended and applied to the upper side of the outdoor-side rising surface of the foundation 11. The extended and applied outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42 (lower region) is then covered by the base flashing 5. The base flashing 5 is fixed to the cross beam 21 with screws.

That is, the building flood prevention structure of this embodiment is as follows:
The foundation of the building 11 and
a base 12 fixed on the foundation 11;
A plurality of pillars 2 fixed on the base 12;
A horizontal beam 21 fixed to the outdoor side of the base 12;
A plurality of exterior wall heat insulating materials 31 arranged on the horizontal beams 21 across the outdoor side of the plurality of columns 2;
A plurality of waterproof sheets 32, 32A extending over the outdoor surface of the exterior wall heat insulating material 31 and the outdoor surface of the horizontal rail 21;
an outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 that is applied to the outdoor side of the joint between adjacent waterproof sheets 32, 32A and to the area from the lower edge side of the waterproof sheets 32, 32A to the outdoor surface of the horizontal rail 21, and whose lower area is also applied to the top edge of the foundation 11;
and a base dripping 5 that covers the lower area of the outdoor elastic adhesive sealant 41 on the top edge of the foundation 11.

With the above configuration, even if water levels rise above the height of the horizontal beams 21 due to flooding around the building caused by inland water overflow or other reasons, the waterproof sheets 32, 32A that span the outdoor surfaces of the exterior wall insulation 31 and the horizontal beams 21 can prevent water from entering the building between the exterior wall insulation 31 and the horizontal beams 21. Furthermore, the lower region of the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42 on the top edge of the foundation 11 can also prevent water from seeping in from the underside of the horizontal beams 21 to the base 12. Furthermore, the lower region prevents water from seeping in from the top edge of the foundation 11 to the outdoor surface of the horizontal beams 21, thereby preventing water from seeping in between the outdoor surface of the horizontal beams 21 and the waterproof sheets 32, 32A. Furthermore, the inclusion of a foundation flashing 5 prevents the lower region of the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42 from detracting from the aesthetic appeal of the building's exterior.

If the top edge of the foundation 11 is formed with a leveler, it is desirable to extend the lower region of the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42 to the rising surface (leveler side) of the foundation 11 on the outdoor side. The leveler has a higher water-cement ratio than the concrete of the foundation 11 and is less dense, so there is a risk of water seeping in through the leveler, but this can be prevented by the lower region.

In addition, in the above-mentioned building flood prevention structure 1, the waterproof sheets 32, 32A are attached to the exterior wall insulation 31 using an indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 applied to the joints between adjacent pieces of exterior wall insulation 31 and between the exterior wall insulation 31 and the cross beams 21. Therefore, the indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 can be used to seal the relevant areas and simultaneously attach the waterproof sheets 32, 32A to the outdoor surface of the exterior wall insulation 31. Even if poor adhesion of the waterproof sheets 32, 32A due to the indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 occurs at the joints between adjacent waterproof sheets 32, 32A, for example, these poor areas can be properly overcoated and sealed with the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42.

The vertical furring strips 34 are fixed to the base 12 by screws 51 that penetrate the vertical furring strips 34, adhesive water-stopping layer 33, waterproof sheets 32, 32A, and exterior wall insulation 31. As a result, the adhesive water-stopping layer 33, which adheres to the surface of the screws 51, prevents water from seeping in through the gap between the surface of the screws 51 and the holes made by the screws 51.

The elastic adhesive sealant 41, 42 is applied up to a predetermined height, which is the expected flood height, and any height above this predetermined height is waterproofed against rain, thereby preventing excessive use of the elastic adhesive sealant 41, 42, etc.

Next, we will explain the method for fabricating a corner of a building equipped with a building flood prevention structure 1 using Figures 2 to 15. Note that these figures show an experimental building flood prevention structure constructed in a water tank to evaluate its flood resistance.

As shown in Figure 2, a foundation 11 is prepared, a waterproofing material 13 is applied to the top of the foundation 11, and a moisture-proof sheet 14 is laid on top of this waterproofing material 13.

As shown in Figure 3, the base 12 is placed on the moisture-proof sheet 14, and this base 12 is fixed to the foundation 11 using anchor bolts 11a and nuts (not shown). Columns 2 are also erected on the base 12.

As shown in Figure 4, horizontal beams 21 made of wood are placed on the outdoor side of the base 12, on the top edge of the foundation 11, and these horizontal beams 21 are fixed to the base 12 with screws or the like. In addition, partition walls 2A are erected on the base 12 between the pillars 2. Furthermore, wall plywood gaskets 22 are fixed to the outdoor sides of the pillars 2 and partition walls 2A with screws or the like.

As shown in Figure 5, multiple sheets of exterior wall insulation material 31 are arranged side by side on the cross beams 21 outside the wall plywood packing 22. The exterior wall insulation material 31 is temporarily fixed to the outdoor surface of the wall plywood packing 22 with nails, for example.

As shown in Figure 6, the indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 is applied to the joints between adjacent exterior wall insulation materials 31, and to the area extending from the bottom of the exterior wall insulation materials 31 to the outdoor surface of the cross rail 21.

As shown in Figure 7, the applied indoor elastic adhesive sealant 41 is spread using a spatula or similar tool.

As shown in Figure 8, the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 32 is attached to the exterior surface of the exterior wall insulation material 31 and the horizontal beam 21 using an indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41.

As shown in Figure 9, the waterproof sheet 32A is attached to the outdoor surface of the exterior wall insulation 31 located at the corner using an indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41. To bond the edges of the waterproof sheet 32A and the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 32 together, the indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 may be spread over the edge of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 32.

As shown in Figure 10, the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42 is applied to the outdoor side of the joint between adjacent waterproof sheets 32, 32A and to the area from the lower edge of the waterproof sheets 32, 32A to the outdoor surface of the cross rail 21.

As shown in Figure 11, the applied outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42 is spread using a spatula or similar tool. At this time, the lower area of the outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 42 is extended to the top edge of the foundation 11, and is also spread over the upper side of the outdoor-side rising surface of the foundation 11.

As shown in Figure 12, the base flashing 5 is fixed to the cross beam 21 with screws. This base flashing 5 covers the extended outdoor elastic adhesive sealant 42 (lower area).

As shown in Figure 13, the adhesive water-stopping layer 33 is attached to the outdoor side of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 32 where the vertical furring strips 34 will be located (where the screws will be inserted).

As shown in Figure 14, vertical furring strips 34 are placed on the adhesive water-stopping layer 33, and each vertical furring strip 34 is fixed to the base 12 and pillar 2 with screws 51 (see Figure 1). For convenience, the vertical furring strips 34 are shown at the specified height above, but they should actually be of a height corresponding to the height of the exterior wall. The adhesive water-stopping layer 33 may also be made taller to match the height of the vertical furring strips 34.

As shown in Figure 15, the exterior wall panel 35 is fixed to the vertical furring strips 34. Note that support brackets (not shown) are fixed to the vertical furring strips 34, and the exterior wall panel 35 is supported by these support brackets. In structures that include the above-mentioned support brackets, the screws 51 are also installed to pass through these support brackets.

Figure 16 shows another embodiment of a building water inundation prevention structure that does not have vertical furring strips and in which the exterior wall surface materials are directly supported by exterior wall fasteners 55, which are support fittings. This structure includes exterior wall fasteners 55 positioned on the outdoor side of the waterproof sheets 32, 32A, an adhesive water-stopping layer 33 positioned between the exterior wall fasteners 55 and the waterproof sheets 32, 32A, and screws 51 that penetrate the exterior wall fasteners 55, the adhesive water-stopping layer 33, the waterproof sheets 32, 32A, and the exterior wall insulation 31 to secure the exterior wall fasteners 55 to the base 12 and the columns 2.

The exterior wall fasteners 55 may be ordinary fasteners. Furthermore, joiners 56 can be attached to structures equipped with the exterior wall fasteners 55. The legs of these joiners 56 are positioned on the exterior side of the exterior-side elastic adhesive sealant 42. The structure shown in Figure 1 can also be configured with joiners positioned on the exterior side of the vertical furring strips 34.

Furthermore, the building flood prevention structure of this invention is not limited to those equipped with the above-mentioned exterior wall insulation (exterior insulation) 31. It can also be applied to structures in which an insulating face material is placed between pillars instead of the exterior wall insulation 31. In such structures, the horizontal crosspieces 21 are not required. Furthermore, an indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant 41 is applied to the joints between the horizontal edges of the pillars and the insulating face material.

Although an embodiment of the present invention has been described above with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the illustrated embodiment. Various modifications and variations can be made to the illustrated embodiment within the same scope as the present invention or within an equivalent scope.

1: Building flood prevention structure 2: Pillar 2A: Stud 3: Exterior wall 5: Base drip 11: Foundation 11a: Anchor bolt 12: Base 13: Water stop material 14: Moisture-proof sheet 21: Cross beam 22: Wall plywood packing 31: Exterior wall insulation material (insulation surface material)
32: Moisture-permeable waterproof sheet 32A: Waterproof sheet 33: Adhesive water-stopping layer portion 34: Vertical furring strip 35: Exterior wall surface material 41: Indoor elastic adhesive sealant 42: Outdoor elastic adhesive sealant 51: Screw 55: Exterior wall fastening metal fittings 56: Joiner

Claims (6)

The foundations of the building and
a base fixed on the foundation;
A plurality of pillars fixed on the base;
A plurality of heat insulating face materials arranged on the outdoor side of the plurality of columns or between the columns;
An indoor elastic adhesive sealant applied to the side edge side of the heat insulating face material and the lower side of the heat insulating face material;
A plurality of waterproof sheets attached to the outdoor surface of the heat insulating face material by the indoor elastic adhesive sealant ;
an outdoor-side elastic adhesive sealant that is applied to the outdoor side of the joints between adjacent waterproof sheets and to the area on the lower edge of the waterproof sheet, and whose lower area is applied continuously to the top edge of the foundation beyond the lower edge of the waterproof sheet and the indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant on the outdoor side of the waterproof sheet ;
a base flashing covering a lower area of the exterior elastic adhesive sealant on the top edge of the foundation;
A building flood prevention structure characterized by comprising: The building flood prevention structure described in claim 1, wherein the lower region of the exterior-side elastic adhesive sealant extends to the upper side of the rising surface of the foundation. The building flood prevention structure according to claim 1 or 2 ,
The horizontal beams are fixed to the exterior side of the foundation.
the heat insulating face material is an exterior wall heat insulating material arranged on the horizontal beam across the outdoor side of the plurality of columns,
The indoor-side elastic adhesive sealant is also applied to the outdoor surface of the horizontal rail,
The building flood prevention structure is characterized in that the waterproof sheet is also attached to the outdoor surface of the cross rail. A building flood prevention structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 , characterized in that the elastic adhesive sealant is applied up to a predetermined height which is the expected flood height, and at heights above the predetermined height, waterproofing is performed against rain. The building flood prevention structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
A vertical furring strip arranged on the outdoor side of the waterproof sheet;
An adhesive water-stopping layer portion located between the vertical furring strip and the waterproof sheet;
Screws that penetrate the vertical furring strips, the adhesive water-stopping layer portion, and the waterproof sheet to fix the vertical furring strips to at least the base;
A building flood prevention structure characterized by comprising: The building flood prevention structure according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
an exterior wall fastener arranged on the outdoor side of the waterproof sheet;
an adhesive water stopping layer portion located between the exterior wall fastener and the waterproof sheet;
screws that penetrate the exterior wall fasteners, the adhesive water-stopping layer, and the waterproof sheet to fix the exterior wall fasteners to the base and the pillars;
A building flood prevention structure characterized by comprising: